1/*
2 * Copyright (c) 1994, 2003, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4 *
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
8 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
9 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
10 *
11 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
12 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
13 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
14 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
15 * accompanied this code).
16 *
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
18 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
19 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
20 *
21 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
22 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
23 * questions.
24 */
25
26package sun.tools.tree;
27
28import sun.tools.java.*;
29import sun.tools.asm.Assembler;
30import java.io.PrintStream;
31import java.util.Hashtable;
32
33/**
34 * WARNING: The contents of this source file are not part of any
35 * supported API.  Code that depends on them does so at its own risk:
36 * they are subject to change or removal without notice.
37 */
38public
39class MethodExpression extends NaryExpression {
40    Identifier id;
41    ClassDefinition clazz;   // The class in which the called method is defined
42    MemberDefinition field;
43    Expression implementation;
44
45    private boolean isSuper;  // Set if qualified by 'super' or '<class>.super'.
46
47    /**
48     * constructor
49     */
50    public MethodExpression(long where, Expression right, Identifier id, Expression args[]) {
51        super(METHOD, where, Type.tError, right, args);
52        this.id = id;
53    }
54    public MethodExpression(long where, Expression right, MemberDefinition field, Expression args[]) {
55        super(METHOD, where, field.getType().getReturnType(), right, args);
56        this.id = field.getName();
57        this.field = field;
58        this.clazz = field.getClassDefinition();
59    }
60
61    // This is a hack used only within certain access methods generated by
62    // 'SourceClass.getAccessMember'.  It allows an 'invokespecial' instruction
63    // to be forced even though 'super' does not appear within the call.
64    // Such access methods are needed for access to protected methods when using
65    // the qualified '<class>.super.<method>(...)' notation.
66    public MethodExpression(long where, Expression right,
67                            MemberDefinition field, Expression args[], boolean forceSuper) {
68        this(where, right, field, args);
69        this.isSuper = forceSuper;
70    }
71
72    public Expression getImplementation() {
73        if (implementation != null)
74            return implementation;
75        return this;
76    }
77
78    /**
79     * Check expression type
80     */
81    public Vset checkValue(Environment env, Context ctx, Vset vset, Hashtable<Object, Object> exp) {
82        ClassDeclaration c = null;
83        boolean isArray = false;
84        boolean staticRef = false;
85
86        // Access method to use if required.
87        MemberDefinition implMethod = null;
88
89        ClassDefinition ctxClass = ctx.field.getClassDefinition();
90
91        // When calling a constructor, we may need to add an
92        // additional argument to transmit the outer instance link.
93        Expression args[] = this.args;
94        if (id.equals(idInit)){
95            ClassDefinition conCls = ctxClass;
96            try {
97                Expression conOuter = null;
98                if (right instanceof SuperExpression) {
99                    // outer.super(...)
100                    conCls = conCls.getSuperClass().getClassDefinition(env);
101                    conOuter = ((SuperExpression)right).outerArg;
102                } else if (right instanceof ThisExpression) {
103                    // outer.this(...)
104                    conOuter = ((ThisExpression)right).outerArg;
105                }
106                args = NewInstanceExpression.
107                    insertOuterLink(env, ctx, where, conCls, conOuter, args);
108            } catch (ClassNotFound ee) {
109                // the same error is handled elsewhere
110            }
111        }
112
113        Type argTypes[] = new Type[args.length];
114
115        // The effective accessing class, for access checking.
116        // This is normally the immediately enclosing class.
117        ClassDefinition sourceClass = ctxClass;
118
119        try {
120            if (right == null) {
121                staticRef = ctx.field.isStatic();
122                // Find the first outer scope that mentions the method.
123                ClassDefinition cdef = ctxClass;
124                MemberDefinition m = null;
125                for (; cdef != null; cdef = cdef.getOuterClass()) {
126                    m = cdef.findAnyMethod(env, id);
127                    if (m != null) {
128                        break;
129                    }
130                }
131                if (m == null) {
132                    // this is the scope for error diagnosis
133                    c = ctx.field.getClassDeclaration();
134                } else {
135                    // found the innermost scope in which m occurs
136                    c = cdef.getClassDeclaration();
137
138                    // Maybe an inherited method hides an apparent method.
139                    // Keep looking at enclosing scopes to find out.
140                    if (m.getClassDefinition() != cdef) {
141                        ClassDefinition cdef2 = cdef;
142                        while ((cdef2 = cdef2.getOuterClass()) != null) {
143                            MemberDefinition m2 = cdef2.findAnyMethod(env, id);
144                            if (m2 != null && m2.getClassDefinition() == cdef2) {
145                                env.error(where, "inherited.hides.method",
146                                          id, cdef.getClassDeclaration(),
147                                          cdef2.getClassDeclaration());
148                                break;
149                            }
150                        }
151                    }
152                }
153            } else {
154                if (id.equals(idInit)) {
155                    int thisN = ctx.getThisNumber();
156                    if (!ctx.field.isConstructor()) {
157                        env.error(where, "invalid.constr.invoke");
158                        return vset.addVar(thisN);
159                    }
160                    // As a consequence of the DA/DU rules in the JLS (draft of
161                    // forthcoming 2e), all variables are both definitely assigned
162                    // and definitely unassigned in unreachable code.  Normally, this
163                    // correctly suppresses DA/DU-related errors in such code.
164                    // The use of the DA status of the 'this' variable for the extra
165                    // check below on correct constructor usage, however, does not quite
166                    // fit into this DA/DU scheme.  The current representation of
167                    // Vsets for unreachable dead-ends, does not allow 'clearVar'
168                    // to work, as the DA/DU bits (all on) are implicitly represented
169                    // by the fact that the Vset is a dead-end.  The DA/DU status
170                    // of the 'this' variable is supposed to be temporarily
171                    // cleared at the beginning of a constructor and during the
172                    // checking of constructor arguments (see below in this method).
173                    // Since 'clearVar' has no effect on dead-ends, we may
174                    // find the 'this' variable in an erroneously definitely-assigned state.
175                    // As a workaround, we suppress the following error message when
176                    // the Vset is a dead-end, i.e., when we are in unreachable code.
177                    // Unfortunately, the special-case treatment of reachability for
178                    // if-then and if-then-else allows unreachable code in some circumstances,
179                    // thus it is possible that no error message will be emitted at all.
180                    // While this behavior is strictly incorrect (thus we call this a
181                    // workaround), the problematic code is indeed unreachable and will
182                    // not be executed.  In fact, it will be entirely omitted from the
183                    // translated program, and can cause no harm at runtime.  A correct
184                    // solution would require modifying the representation of the DA/DU
185                    // analysis to use finite Vsets only, restricting the universe
186                    // of variables about which assertions are made (even in unreachable
187                    // code) to variables that are actually in scope. Alternatively, the
188                    // Vset extension and the dead-end marker (currently a reserved value
189                    // of the extension) could be represented orthogonally.  In either case,
190                    // 'clearVar' could then be made to work on (non-canonical) dead ends.
191                    // See file 'Vset.java'.
192                    if (!vset.isReallyDeadEnd() && vset.testVar(thisN)) {
193                        env.error(where, "constr.invoke.not.first");
194                        return vset;
195                    }
196                    vset = vset.addVar(thisN);
197                    if (right instanceof SuperExpression) {
198                        // supers require this specific kind of checking
199                        vset = right.checkAmbigName(env, ctx, vset, exp, this);
200                    } else {
201                        vset = right.checkValue(env, ctx, vset, exp);
202                    }
203                } else {
204                    vset = right.checkAmbigName(env, ctx, vset, exp, this);
205                    if (right.type == Type.tPackage) {
206                        FieldExpression.reportFailedPackagePrefix(env, right);
207                        return vset;
208                    }
209                    if (right instanceof TypeExpression) {
210                        staticRef = true;
211                    }
212                }
213                if (right.type.isType(TC_CLASS)) {
214                    c = env.getClassDeclaration(right.type);
215                } else if (right.type.isType(TC_ARRAY)) {
216                    isArray = true;
217                    c = env.getClassDeclaration(Type.tObject);
218                } else {
219                    if (!right.type.isType(TC_ERROR)) {
220                        env.error(where, "invalid.method.invoke", right.type);
221                    }
222                    return vset;
223                }
224
225                // Normally, the effective accessing class is the innermost
226                // class surrounding the current method call, but, for calls
227                // of the form '<class>.super.<method>(...)', it is <class>.
228                // This allows access to protected members of a superclass
229                // from within a class nested within one of its subclasses.
230                // Otherwise, for example, the call below to 'matchMethod'
231                // may fail due to the rules for visibility of inaccessible
232                // members.  For consistency, we treat qualified 'this' in
233                // the same manner, as error diagnostics will be affected.
234                // QUERY: Are there subtle unexplored language issues here?
235                if (right instanceof FieldExpression) {
236                    Identifier id = ((FieldExpression)right).id;
237                    if (id == idThis) {
238                        sourceClass = ((FieldExpression)right).clazz;
239                    } else if (id == idSuper) {
240                        isSuper = true;
241                        sourceClass = ((FieldExpression)right).clazz;
242                    }
243                } else if (right instanceof SuperExpression) {
244                    isSuper = true;
245                }
246
247                // Fix for 4158650.  When we extend a protected inner
248                // class in a different package, we may not have access
249                // to the type of our superclass.  Allow the call to
250                // the superclass constructor from within our constructor
251                // Note that this check does not apply to constructor
252                // calls in new instance expressions -- those are part
253                // of NewInstanceExpression#check().
254                if (id != idInit) {
255                    // Required by JLS 6.6.1.  Fixes 4143715.
256                    // (See also 4094658.)
257                    if (!FieldExpression.isTypeAccessible(where, env,
258                                                          right.type,
259                                                          sourceClass)) {
260                        ClassDeclaration cdecl =
261                            sourceClass.getClassDeclaration();
262                        if (staticRef) {
263                            env.error(where, "no.type.access",
264                                      id, right.type.toString(), cdecl);
265                        } else {
266                            env.error(where, "cant.access.member.type",
267                                      id, right.type.toString(), cdecl);
268                        }
269                    }
270                }
271            }
272
273            // Compose a list of argument types
274            boolean hasErrors = false;
275
276            // "this" is not defined during argument checking
277            if (id.equals(idInit)) {
278                vset = vset.clearVar(ctx.getThisNumber());
279            }
280
281            for (int i = 0 ; i < args.length ; i++) {
282                vset = args[i].checkValue(env, ctx, vset, exp);
283                argTypes[i] = args[i].type;
284                hasErrors = hasErrors || argTypes[i].isType(TC_ERROR);
285            }
286
287            // "this" is defined after the constructor invocation
288            if (id.equals(idInit)) {
289                vset = vset.addVar(ctx.getThisNumber());
290            }
291
292            // Check if there are any type errors in the arguments
293            if (hasErrors) {
294                return vset;
295            }
296
297            // Get the method field, given the argument types
298            clazz = c.getClassDefinition(env);
299
300            if (field == null) {
301
302                field = clazz.matchMethod(env, sourceClass, id, argTypes);
303
304                if (field == null) {
305                    if (id.equals(idInit)) {
306                        if (diagnoseMismatch(env, args, argTypes))
307                            return vset;
308                        String sig = clazz.getName().getName().toString();
309                        sig = Type.tMethod(Type.tError, argTypes).typeString(sig, false, false);
310                        env.error(where, "unmatched.constr", sig, c);
311                        return vset;
312                    }
313                    String sig = id.toString();
314                    sig = Type.tMethod(Type.tError, argTypes).typeString(sig, false, false);
315                    if (clazz.findAnyMethod(env, id) == null) {
316                        if (ctx.getField(env, id) != null) {
317                            env.error(where, "invalid.method", id, c);
318                        } else {
319                            env.error(where, "undef.meth", sig, c);
320                        }
321                    } else if (diagnoseMismatch(env, args, argTypes)) {
322                    } else {
323                        env.error(where, "unmatched.meth", sig, c);
324                    }
325                    return vset;
326                }
327
328            }
329
330            type = field.getType().getReturnType();
331
332            // Make sure that static references are allowed
333            if (staticRef && !field.isStatic()) {
334                env.error(where, "no.static.meth.access",
335                          field, field.getClassDeclaration());
336                return vset;
337            }
338
339            if (field.isProtected()
340                && !(right == null)
341                && !(right instanceof SuperExpression
342                     // Extension of JLS 6.6.2 for qualified 'super'.
343                     || (right instanceof FieldExpression &&
344                         ((FieldExpression)right).id == idSuper))
345                && !sourceClass.protectedAccess(env, field, right.type)) {
346                env.error(where, "invalid.protected.method.use",
347                          field.getName(), field.getClassDeclaration(),
348                          right.type);
349                return vset;
350            }
351
352            // In <class>.super.<method>(), we cannot simply evaluate
353            // <class>.super to an object reference (as we would for
354            // <class>.super.<field>) and then perform an 'invokespecial'.
355            // An 'invokespecial' must be performed from within (a subclass of)
356            // the class in which the target method is located.
357            if (right instanceof FieldExpression &&
358                ((FieldExpression)right).id == idSuper) {
359                if (!field.isPrivate()) {
360                    // The private case is handled below.
361                    // Use an access method unless the effective accessing class
362                    // (the class qualifying the 'super') is the same as the
363                    // immediately enclosing class, i.e., the qualification was
364                    // unnecessary.
365                    if (sourceClass != ctxClass) {
366                        implMethod = sourceClass.getAccessMember(env, ctx, field, true);
367                    }
368                }
369            }
370
371            // Access method for private field if not in the same class.
372            if (implMethod == null && field.isPrivate()) {
373                ClassDefinition cdef = field.getClassDefinition();
374                if (cdef != ctxClass) {
375                    implMethod = cdef.getAccessMember(env, ctx, field, false);
376                }
377            }
378
379            // Make sure that we are not invoking an abstract method
380            if (field.isAbstract() && (right != null) && (right.op == SUPER)) {
381                env.error(where, "invoke.abstract", field, field.getClassDeclaration());
382                return vset;
383            }
384
385            if (field.reportDeprecated(env)) {
386                if (field.isConstructor()) {
387                    env.error(where, "warn.constr.is.deprecated", field);
388                } else {
389                    env.error(where, "warn.meth.is.deprecated",
390                              field, field.getClassDefinition());
391                }
392            }
393
394            // Check for recursive constructor
395            if (field.isConstructor() && ctx.field.equals(field)) {
396                env.error(where, "recursive.constr", field);
397            }
398
399            // When a package-private class defines public or protected
400            // members, those members may sometimes be accessed from
401            // outside of the package in public subclasses.  In these
402            // cases, we need to massage the method call to refer to
403            // to an accessible subclass rather than the package-private
404            // parent class.  Part of fix for 4135692.
405
406            // Find out if the class which contains this method
407            // call has access to the class which declares the
408            // public or protected method referent.
409            // We don't perform this translation on constructor calls.
410            if (sourceClass == ctxClass) {
411                ClassDefinition declarer = field.getClassDefinition();
412                if (!field.isConstructor() &&
413                    declarer.isPackagePrivate() &&
414                    !declarer.getName().getQualifier()
415                    .equals(sourceClass.getName().getQualifier())) {
416
417                    //System.out.println("The access of member " +
418                    //             field + " declared in class " +
419                    //             declarer +
420                    //             " is not allowed by the VM from class  " +
421                    //             accessor +
422                    //             ".  Replacing with an access of class " +
423                    //             clazz);
424
425                    // We cannot make this access at the VM level.
426                    // Construct a member which will stand for this
427                    // method in clazz and set `field' to refer to it.
428                    field =
429                        MemberDefinition.makeProxyMember(field, clazz, env);
430                }
431            }
432
433            sourceClass.addDependency(field.getClassDeclaration());
434            if (sourceClass != ctxClass) {
435                ctxClass.addDependency(field.getClassDeclaration());
436            }
437
438        } catch (ClassNotFound ee) {
439            env.error(where, "class.not.found", ee.name, ctx.field);
440            return vset;
441
442        } catch (AmbiguousMember ee) {
443            env.error(where, "ambig.field", id, ee.field1, ee.field2);
444            return vset;
445        }
446
447        // Make sure it is qualified
448        if ((right == null) && !field.isStatic()) {
449            right = ctx.findOuterLink(env, where, field);
450            vset = right.checkValue(env, ctx, vset, exp);
451        }
452
453        // Cast arguments
454        argTypes = field.getType().getArgumentTypes();
455        for (int i = 0 ; i < args.length ; i++) {
456            args[i] = convert(env, ctx, argTypes[i], args[i]);
457        }
458
459        if (field.isConstructor()) {
460            MemberDefinition m = field;
461            if (implMethod != null) {
462                m = implMethod;
463            }
464            int nargs = args.length;
465            Expression[] newargs = args;
466            if (nargs > this.args.length) {
467                // Argument was added above.
468                // Maintain the model for hidden outer args in outer.super(...):
469                Expression rightI;
470                if (right instanceof SuperExpression) {
471                    rightI = new SuperExpression(right.where, ctx);
472                    ((SuperExpression)right).outerArg = args[0];
473                } else if (right instanceof ThisExpression) {
474                    rightI = new ThisExpression(right.where, ctx);
475                } else {
476                    throw new CompilerError("this.init");
477                }
478                if (implMethod != null) {
479                    // Need dummy argument for access method.
480                    // Dummy argument follows outer instance link.
481                    // Leave 'this.args' equal to 'newargs' but
482                    // without the outer instance link.
483                    newargs = new Expression[nargs+1];
484                    this.args = new Expression[nargs];
485                    newargs[0] = args[0]; // outer instance
486                    this.args[0] = newargs[1] = new NullExpression(where); // dummy argument
487                    for (int i = 1 ; i < nargs ; i++) {
488                        this.args[i] = newargs[i+1] = args[i];
489                    }
490                } else {
491                    // Strip outer instance link from 'this.args'.
492                    // ASSERT(this.arg.length == nargs-1);
493                    for (int i = 1 ; i < nargs ; i++) {
494                        this.args[i-1] = args[i];
495                    }
496                }
497                implementation = new MethodExpression(where, rightI, m, newargs);
498                implementation.type = type; // Is this needed?
499            } else {
500                // No argument was added.
501                if (implMethod != null) {
502                    // Need dummy argument for access method.
503                    // Dummy argument is first, as there is no outer instance link.
504                    newargs = new Expression[nargs+1];
505                    newargs[0] = new NullExpression(where);
506                    for (int i = 0 ; i < nargs ; i++) {
507                        newargs[i+1] = args[i];
508                    }
509                }
510                implementation = new MethodExpression(where, right, m, newargs);
511            }
512        } else {
513            // Have ordinary method.
514            // Argument should have been added only for a constructor.
515            if (args.length > this.args.length) {
516                throw new CompilerError("method arg");
517            }
518            if (implMethod != null) {
519                //System.out.println("Calling " + field + " via " + implMethod);
520                Expression oldargs[] = this.args;
521                if (field.isStatic()) {
522                    Expression call = new MethodExpression(where, null, implMethod, oldargs);
523                    implementation = new CommaExpression(where, right, call);
524                } else {
525                    // Access method needs an explicit 'this' pointer.
526                    int nargs = oldargs.length;
527                    Expression newargs[] = new Expression[nargs+1];
528                    newargs[0] = right;
529                    for (int i = 0; i < nargs; i++) {
530                        newargs[i+1] = oldargs[i];
531                    }
532                    implementation = new MethodExpression(where, null, implMethod, newargs);
533                }
534            }
535        }
536
537        // Follow super() by variable initializations
538        if (ctx.field.isConstructor() &&
539            field.isConstructor() && (right != null) && (right.op == SUPER)) {
540            Expression e = makeVarInits(env, ctx);
541            if (e != null) {
542                if (implementation == null)
543                    implementation = (Expression)this.clone();
544                implementation = new CommaExpression(where, implementation, e);
545            }
546        }
547
548        // Throw the declared exceptions.
549        ClassDeclaration exceptions[] = field.getExceptions(env);
550        if (isArray && (field.getName() == idClone) &&
551               (field.getType().getArgumentTypes().length == 0)) {
552            /* Arrays pretend that they have "public Object clone()" that doesn't
553             * throw anything, according to the language spec.
554             */
555            exceptions = new ClassDeclaration[0];
556            /* See if there's a bogus catch for it, to issue a warning. */
557            for (Context p = ctx; p != null; p = p.prev) {
558                if (p.node != null && p.node.op == TRY) {
559                    ((TryStatement) p.node).arrayCloneWhere = where;
560                }
561            }
562        }
563        for (int i = 0 ; i < exceptions.length ; i++) {
564            if (exp.get(exceptions[i]) == null) {
565                exp.put(exceptions[i], this);
566            }
567        }
568
569        // Mark all blank finals as definitely assigned following 'this(...)'.
570        // Correctness follows inductively from the requirement that all blank finals
571        // be definitely assigned at the completion of every constructor.
572        if (ctx.field.isConstructor() &&
573            field.isConstructor() && (right != null) && (right.op == THIS)) {
574            ClassDefinition cls = field.getClassDefinition();
575            for (MemberDefinition f = cls.getFirstMember() ; f != null ; f = f.getNextMember()) {
576                if (f.isVariable() && f.isBlankFinal() && !f.isStatic()) {
577                    // Static variables should also be considered defined as well, but this
578                    // is handled in 'SourceClass.checkMembers', and we should not interfere.
579                    vset = vset.addVar(ctx.getFieldNumber(f));
580                }
581            }
582        }
583
584        return vset;
585    }
586
587    /**
588     * Check void expression
589     */
590    public Vset check(Environment env, Context ctx, Vset vset, Hashtable<Object, Object> exp) {
591        return checkValue(env, ctx, vset, exp);
592    }
593
594    /**
595     * We're about to report a "unmatched method" error.
596     * Try to issue a better diagnostic by comparing the actual argument types
597     * with the method (or methods) available.
598     * In particular, if there is an argument which fails to match <em>any</em>
599     * method, we report a type mismatch error against that particular argument.
600     * The diagnostic will report a target type taken from one of the methods.
601     * <p>
602     * Return false if we couldn't think of anything smart to say.
603     */
604    boolean diagnoseMismatch(Environment env, Expression args[],
605                             Type argTypes[]) throws ClassNotFound {
606        Type margType[] = new Type[1];
607        boolean saidSomething = false;
608        int start = 0;
609        while (start < argTypes.length) {
610            int code = clazz.diagnoseMismatch(env, id, argTypes, start, margType);
611            String opName = (id.equals(idInit)) ? "constructor" : opNames[op];
612            if (code == -2) {
613                env.error(where, "wrong.number.args", opName);
614                saidSomething = true;
615            }
616            if (code < 0)  break;
617            int i = code >> 2;
618            boolean castOK = (code & 2) != 0;
619            boolean ambig = (code & 1) != 0;
620            Type targetType = margType[0];
621
622            // At least one argument is offensive to all overloadings.
623            // targetType is one of the argument types it does not match.
624            String ttype = ""+targetType;
625
626            // The message might be slightly misleading, if there are other
627            // argument types that also would match.  Hint at this:
628            //if (ambig)  ttype = "{"+ttype+";...}";
629
630            if (castOK)
631                env.error(args[i].where, "explicit.cast.needed", opName, argTypes[i], ttype);
632            else
633                env.error(args[i].where, "incompatible.type", opName, argTypes[i], ttype);
634            saidSomething = true;
635            start = i+1;        // look for other bad arguments, too
636        }
637        return saidSomething;
638    }
639
640    /**
641     * Inline
642     */
643    static final int MAXINLINECOST = Statement.MAXINLINECOST;
644
645    private
646    Expression inlineMethod(Environment env, Context ctx, Statement s, boolean valNeeded) {
647        if (env.dump()) {
648            System.out.println("INLINE METHOD " + field + " in " + ctx.field);
649        }
650        LocalMember v[] = LocalMember.copyArguments(ctx, field);
651        Statement body[] = new Statement[v.length + 2];
652
653        int n = 0;
654        if (field.isStatic()) {
655            body[0] = new ExpressionStatement(where, right);
656        } else {
657            if ((right != null) && (right.op == SUPER)) {
658                right = new ThisExpression(right.where, ctx);
659            }
660            body[0] = new VarDeclarationStatement(where, v[n++], right);
661        }
662        for (int i = 0 ; i < args.length ; i++) {
663            body[i + 1] = new VarDeclarationStatement(where, v[n++], args[i]);
664        }
665        //System.out.print("BEFORE:"); s.print(System.out); System.out.println();
666        // Note: If !valNeeded, then all returns in the body of the method
667        // change to void returns.
668        body[body.length - 1] = (s != null) ? s.copyInline(ctx, valNeeded) : null;
669        //System.out.print("COPY:"); body[body.length - 1].print(System.out); System.out.println();
670        LocalMember.doneWithArguments(ctx, v);
671
672        // Make sure the type matches what the return statements are returning.
673        Type type = valNeeded ? this.type : Type.tVoid;
674        Expression e = new InlineMethodExpression(where, type, field, new CompoundStatement(where, body));
675        return valNeeded ? e.inlineValue(env, ctx) : e.inline(env, ctx);
676    }
677
678    public Expression inline(Environment env, Context ctx) {
679        if (implementation != null)
680            return implementation.inline(env, ctx);
681        try {
682            if (right != null) {
683                right = field.isStatic() ? right.inline(env, ctx) : right.inlineValue(env, ctx);
684            }
685            for (int i = 0 ; i < args.length ; i++) {
686                args[i] = args[i].inlineValue(env, ctx);
687            }
688
689            // ctxClass is the current class trying to inline this method
690            ClassDefinition ctxClass = ctx.field.getClassDefinition();
691
692            Expression e = this;
693            if (env.opt() && field.isInlineable(env, clazz.isFinal()) &&
694
695                // Don't inline if a qualified non-static method: the call
696                // itself might throw NullPointerException as a side effect
697                ((right == null) || (right.op==THIS) || field.isStatic()) &&
698
699                // We only allow the inlining if the current class can access
700                // the field, the field's class, and right's declared type.
701                ctxClass.permitInlinedAccess(env,
702                              field.getClassDeclaration()) &&
703                ctxClass.permitInlinedAccess(env, field) &&
704                (right==null || ctxClass.permitInlinedAccess(env,
705                              env.getClassDeclaration(right.type)))  &&
706
707                ((id == null) || !id.equals(idInit)) &&
708                (!ctx.field.isInitializer()) && ctx.field.isMethod() &&
709                (ctx.getInlineMemberContext(field) == null)) {
710                Statement s = (Statement)field.getValue(env);
711                if ((s == null) ||
712                    (s.costInline(MAXINLINECOST, env, ctx) < MAXINLINECOST))  {
713                    e = inlineMethod(env, ctx, s, false);
714                }
715            }
716            return e;
717
718        } catch (ClassNotFound e) {
719            throw new CompilerError(e);
720        }
721    }
722
723    public Expression inlineValue(Environment env, Context ctx) {
724        if (implementation != null)
725            return implementation.inlineValue(env, ctx);
726        try {
727            if (right != null) {
728                right = field.isStatic() ? right.inline(env, ctx) : right.inlineValue(env, ctx);
729            }
730            if (field.getName().equals(idInit)) {
731                ClassDefinition refc = field.getClassDefinition();
732                UplevelReference r = refc.getReferencesFrozen();
733                if (r != null) {
734                    r.willCodeArguments(env, ctx);
735                }
736            }
737            for (int i = 0 ; i < args.length ; i++) {
738                args[i] = args[i].inlineValue(env, ctx);
739            }
740
741            // ctxClass is the current class trying to inline this method
742            ClassDefinition ctxClass = ctx.field.getClassDefinition();
743
744            if (env.opt() && field.isInlineable(env, clazz.isFinal()) &&
745
746                // Don't inline if a qualified non-static method: the call
747                // itself might throw NullPointerException as a side effect
748                ((right == null) || (right.op==THIS) || field.isStatic()) &&
749
750                // We only allow the inlining if the current class can access
751                // the field, the field's class, and right's declared type.
752                ctxClass.permitInlinedAccess(env,
753                              field.getClassDeclaration()) &&
754                ctxClass.permitInlinedAccess(env, field) &&
755                (right==null || ctxClass.permitInlinedAccess(env,
756                              env.getClassDeclaration(right.type)))  &&
757
758                (!ctx.field.isInitializer()) && ctx.field.isMethod() &&
759                (ctx.getInlineMemberContext(field) == null)) {
760                Statement s = (Statement)field.getValue(env);
761                if ((s == null) ||
762                    (s.costInline(MAXINLINECOST, env, ctx) < MAXINLINECOST))  {
763                    return inlineMethod(env, ctx, s, true);
764                }
765            }
766            return this;
767        } catch (ClassNotFound e) {
768            throw new CompilerError(e);
769        }
770    }
771
772    public Expression copyInline(Context ctx) {
773        if (implementation != null)
774            return implementation.copyInline(ctx);
775        return super.copyInline(ctx);
776    }
777
778    public int costInline(int thresh, Environment env, Context ctx) {
779        if (implementation != null)
780            return implementation.costInline(thresh, env, ctx);
781
782        // for now, don't allow calls to super() to be inlined.  We may fix
783        // this later
784        if ((right != null) && (right.op == SUPER)) {
785            return thresh;
786        }
787        return super.costInline(thresh, env, ctx);
788    }
789
790    /*
791     * Grab all instance initializer code from the class definition,
792     * and return as one bolus.  Note that we are assuming the
793     * the relevant fields have already been checked.
794     * (See the pre-pass in SourceClass.checkMembers which ensures this.)
795     */
796    private Expression makeVarInits(Environment env, Context ctx) {
797        // insert instance initializers
798        ClassDefinition clazz = ctx.field.getClassDefinition();
799        Expression e = null;
800        for (MemberDefinition f = clazz.getFirstMember() ; f != null ; f = f.getNextMember()) {
801            if ((f.isVariable() || f.isInitializer()) && !f.isStatic()) {
802                try {
803                    f.check(env);
804                } catch (ClassNotFound ee) {
805                    env.error(f.getWhere(), "class.not.found", ee.name,
806                              f.getClassDefinition());
807                }
808                Expression val = null;
809                if (f.isUplevelValue()) {
810                    if (f != clazz.findOuterMember()) {
811                        // it's too early to accumulate these
812                        continue;
813                    }
814                    IdentifierExpression arg =
815                        new IdentifierExpression(where, f.getName());
816                    if (!arg.bind(env, ctx)) {
817                        throw new CompilerError("bind "+arg.id);
818                    }
819                    val = arg;
820                } else if (f.isInitializer()) {
821                    Statement s = (Statement)f.getValue();
822                    val = new InlineMethodExpression(where, Type.tVoid, f, s);
823                } else {
824                    val = (Expression)f.getValue();
825                }
826                // append all initializers to "e":
827                // This section used to check for variables which were
828                // initialized to their default values and elide such
829                // initialization.  This is specifically disallowed by
830                // JLS 12.5 numeral 4, which requires a textual ordering
831                // on the execution of initializers.
832                if ((val != null)) { //  && !val.equals(0)) {
833                    long p = f.getWhere();
834                    val = val.copyInline(ctx);
835                    Expression init = val;
836                    if (f.isVariable()) {
837                        Expression v = new ThisExpression(p, ctx);
838                    v = new FieldExpression(p, v, f);
839                    init = new AssignExpression(p, v, val);
840                    }
841                    e = (e == null) ? init : new CommaExpression(p, e, init);
842                }
843            }
844        }
845        return e;
846    }
847
848    /**
849     * Code
850     */
851    public void codeValue(Environment env, Context ctx, Assembler asm) {
852        if (implementation != null)
853            throw new CompilerError("codeValue");
854        int i = 0;              // argument index
855        if (field.isStatic()) {
856            if (right != null) {
857                right.code(env, ctx, asm);
858            }
859        } else if (right == null) {
860            asm.add(where, opc_aload, 0);
861        } else if (right.op == SUPER) {
862            // 'super.<method>(...)', 'super(...)', or '<expr>.super(...)'
863            /*****
864            isSuper = true;
865            *****/
866            right.codeValue(env, ctx, asm);
867            if (idInit.equals(id)) {
868                // 'super(...)' or '<expr>.super(...)' only
869                ClassDefinition refc = field.getClassDefinition();
870                UplevelReference r = refc.getReferencesFrozen();
871                if (r != null) {
872                    // When calling a constructor for a class with
873                    // embedded uplevel references, add extra arguments.
874                    if (r.isClientOuterField()) {
875                        // the extra arguments are inserted after this one
876                        args[i++].codeValue(env, ctx, asm);
877                    }
878                    r.codeArguments(env, ctx, asm, where, field);
879                }
880            }
881        } else {
882            right.codeValue(env, ctx, asm);
883            /*****
884            if (right.op == FIELD &&
885                ((FieldExpression)right).id == idSuper) {
886                // '<class>.super.<method>(...)'
887                isSuper = true;
888            }
889            *****/
890        }
891
892        for ( ; i < args.length ; i++) {
893            args[i].codeValue(env, ctx, asm);
894        }
895
896        if (field.isStatic()) {
897            asm.add(where, opc_invokestatic, field);
898        } else if (field.isConstructor() || field.isPrivate() || isSuper) {
899            asm.add(where, opc_invokespecial, field);
900        } else if (field.getClassDefinition().isInterface()) {
901            asm.add(where, opc_invokeinterface, field);
902        } else {
903            asm.add(where, opc_invokevirtual, field);
904        }
905
906        if (right != null && right.op == SUPER && idInit.equals(id)) {
907            // 'super(...)' or '<expr>.super(...)'
908            ClassDefinition refc = ctx.field.getClassDefinition();
909            UplevelReference r = refc.getReferencesFrozen();
910            if (r != null) {
911                // After calling a superclass constructor in a class with
912                // embedded uplevel references, initialize uplevel fields.
913                r.codeInitialization(env, ctx, asm, where, field);
914            }
915        }
916    }
917
918    /**
919     * Check if the first thing is a constructor invocation
920     */
921    public Expression firstConstructor() {
922        return id.equals(idInit) ? this : null;
923    }
924
925    /**
926     * Print
927     */
928    public void print(PrintStream out) {
929        out.print("(" + opNames[op]);
930        if (right != null) {
931            out.print(" ");
932            right.print(out);
933        }
934        out.print(" " + ((id == null) ? idInit : id));
935        for (int i = 0 ; i < args.length ; i++) {
936            out.print(" ");
937            if (args[i] != null) {
938                args[i].print(out);
939            } else {
940                out.print("<null>");
941            }
942        }
943        out.print(")");
944        if (implementation != null) {
945            out.print("/IMPL=");
946            implementation.print(out);
947        }
948    }
949}
950