1/*
2 * Copyright (c) 1996, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4 *
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
8 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
9 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
10 *
11 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
12 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
13 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
14 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
15 * accompanied this code).
16 *
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20 *
21 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
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24 */
25
26package java.sql;
27
28import java.time.Instant;
29import java.time.LocalDateTime;
30import jdk.internal.misc.SharedSecrets;
31import jdk.internal.misc.JavaLangAccess;
32
33/**
34 * <P>A thin wrapper around {@code java.util.Date} that allows
35 * the JDBC API to identify this as an SQL {@code TIMESTAMP} value.
36 * It adds the ability
37 * to hold the SQL {@code TIMESTAMP} fractional seconds value, by allowing
38 * the specification of fractional seconds to a precision of nanoseconds.
39 * A Timestamp also provides formatting and
40 * parsing operations to support the JDBC escape syntax for timestamp values.
41 *
42 * <p>The precision of a Timestamp object is calculated to be either:
43 * <ul>
44 * <li>{@code 19 }, which is the number of characters in yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss
45 * <li> {@code  20 + s }, which is the number
46 * of characters in the yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss.[fff...] and {@code s} represents  the scale of the given Timestamp,
47 * its fractional seconds precision.
48 *</ul>
49 *
50 * <P><B>Note:</B> This type is a composite of a {@code java.util.Date} and a
51 * separate nanoseconds value. Only integral seconds are stored in the
52 * {@code java.util.Date} component. The fractional seconds - the nanos - are
53 * separate.  The {@code Timestamp.equals(Object)} method never returns
54 * {@code true} when passed an object
55 * that isn't an instance of {@code java.sql.Timestamp},
56 * because the nanos component of a date is unknown.
57 * As a result, the {@code Timestamp.equals(Object)}
58 * method is not symmetric with respect to the
59 * {@code java.util.Date.equals(Object)}
60 * method.  Also, the {@code hashCode} method uses the underlying
61 * {@code java.util.Date}
62 * implementation and therefore does not include nanos in its computation.
63 * <P>
64 * Due to the differences between the {@code Timestamp} class
65 * and the {@code java.util.Date}
66 * class mentioned above, it is recommended that code not view
67 * {@code Timestamp} values generically as an instance of
68 * {@code java.util.Date}.  The
69 * inheritance relationship between {@code Timestamp}
70 * and {@code java.util.Date} really
71 * denotes implementation inheritance, and not type inheritance.
72 *
73 * @since 1.1
74 */
75public class Timestamp extends java.util.Date {
76
77    private static final JavaLangAccess jla = SharedSecrets.getJavaLangAccess();
78
79    /**
80     * Constructs a {@code Timestamp} object initialized
81     * with the given values.
82     *
83     * @param year the year minus 1900
84     * @param month 0 to 11
85     * @param date 1 to 31
86     * @param hour 0 to 23
87     * @param minute 0 to 59
88     * @param second 0 to 59
89     * @param nano 0 to 999,999,999
90     * @deprecated instead use the constructor {@code Timestamp(long millis)}
91     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the nano argument is out of bounds
92     */
93    @Deprecated(since="1.2")
94    public Timestamp(int year, int month, int date,
95                     int hour, int minute, int second, int nano) {
96        super(year, month, date, hour, minute, second);
97        if (nano > 999999999 || nano < 0) {
98            throw new IllegalArgumentException("nanos > 999999999 or < 0");
99        }
100        nanos = nano;
101    }
102
103    /**
104     * Constructs a {@code Timestamp} object
105     * using a milliseconds time value. The
106     * integral seconds are stored in the underlying date value; the
107     * fractional seconds are stored in the {@code nanos} field of
108     * the {@code Timestamp} object.
109     *
110     * @param time milliseconds since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 GMT.
111     *        A negative number is the number of milliseconds before
112     *         January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 GMT.
113     * @see java.util.Calendar
114     */
115    public Timestamp(long time) {
116        super((time/1000)*1000);
117        nanos = (int)((time%1000) * 1000000);
118        if (nanos < 0) {
119            nanos = 1000000000 + nanos;
120            super.setTime(((time/1000)-1)*1000);
121        }
122    }
123
124    /**
125     * Sets this {@code Timestamp} object to represent a point in time that is
126     * {@code time} milliseconds after January 1, 1970 00:00:00 GMT.
127     *
128     * @param time   the number of milliseconds.
129     * @see #getTime
130     * @see #Timestamp(long time)
131     * @see java.util.Calendar
132     */
133    public void setTime(long time) {
134        super.setTime((time/1000)*1000);
135        nanos = (int)((time%1000) * 1000000);
136        if (nanos < 0) {
137            nanos = 1000000000 + nanos;
138            super.setTime(((time/1000)-1)*1000);
139        }
140    }
141
142    /**
143     * Returns the number of milliseconds since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 GMT
144     * represented by this {@code Timestamp} object.
145     *
146     * @return  the number of milliseconds since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 GMT
147     *          represented by this date.
148     * @see #setTime
149     */
150    public long getTime() {
151        long time = super.getTime();
152        return (time + (nanos / 1000000));
153    }
154
155
156    /**
157     * @serial
158     */
159    private int nanos;
160
161    /**
162     * Converts a {@code String} object in JDBC timestamp escape format to a
163     * {@code Timestamp} value.
164     *
165     * @param s timestamp in format {@code yyyy-[m]m-[d]d hh:mm:ss[.f...]}.  The
166     * fractional seconds may be omitted. The leading zero for {@code mm}
167     * and {@code dd} may also be omitted.
168     *
169     * @return corresponding {@code Timestamp} value
170     * @exception java.lang.IllegalArgumentException if the given argument
171     * does not have the format {@code yyyy-[m]m-[d]d hh:mm:ss[.f...]}
172     */
173    public static Timestamp valueOf(String s) {
174        final int YEAR_LENGTH = 4;
175        final int MONTH_LENGTH = 2;
176        final int DAY_LENGTH = 2;
177        final int MAX_MONTH = 12;
178        final int MAX_DAY = 31;
179        int year = 0;
180        int month = 0;
181        int day = 0;
182        int hour;
183        int minute;
184        int second;
185        int a_nanos = 0;
186        int firstDash;
187        int secondDash;
188        int dividingSpace;
189        int firstColon;
190        int secondColon;
191        int period;
192        String formatError = "Timestamp format must be yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss[.fffffffff]";
193
194        if (s == null) throw new java.lang.IllegalArgumentException("null string");
195
196        // Split the string into date and time components
197        s = s.trim();
198        dividingSpace = s.indexOf(' ');
199        if (dividingSpace < 0) {
200            throw new java.lang.IllegalArgumentException(formatError);
201        }
202
203        // Parse the date
204        firstDash = s.indexOf('-');
205        secondDash = s.indexOf('-', firstDash+1);
206
207        // Parse the time
208        firstColon = s.indexOf(':', dividingSpace + 1);
209        secondColon = s.indexOf(':', firstColon + 1);
210        period = s.indexOf('.', secondColon + 1);
211
212        // Convert the date
213        boolean parsedDate = false;
214        if (firstDash > 0 && secondDash > 0 && secondDash < dividingSpace - 1) {
215            if (firstDash == YEAR_LENGTH &&
216                    (secondDash - firstDash > 1 && secondDash - firstDash <= MONTH_LENGTH + 1) &&
217                    (dividingSpace - secondDash > 1 && dividingSpace - secondDash <= DAY_LENGTH + 1)) {
218                 year = Integer.parseInt(s, 0, firstDash, 10);
219                 month = Integer.parseInt(s, firstDash + 1, secondDash, 10);
220                 day = Integer.parseInt(s, secondDash + 1, dividingSpace, 10);
221
222                if ((month >= 1 && month <= MAX_MONTH) && (day >= 1 && day <= MAX_DAY)) {
223                    parsedDate = true;
224                }
225            }
226        }
227        if (! parsedDate) {
228            throw new java.lang.IllegalArgumentException(formatError);
229        }
230
231        // Convert the time; default missing nanos
232        int len = s.length();
233        if (firstColon > 0 && secondColon > 0 && secondColon < len - 1) {
234            hour = Integer.parseInt(s, dividingSpace + 1, firstColon, 10);
235            minute = Integer.parseInt(s, firstColon + 1, secondColon, 10);
236            if (period > 0 && period < len - 1) {
237                second = Integer.parseInt(s, secondColon + 1, period, 10);
238                int nanoPrecision = len - (period + 1);
239                if (nanoPrecision > 9)
240                    throw new java.lang.IllegalArgumentException(formatError);
241                if (!Character.isDigit(s.charAt(period + 1)))
242                    throw new java.lang.IllegalArgumentException(formatError);
243                int tmpNanos = Integer.parseInt(s, period + 1, len, 10);
244                while (nanoPrecision < 9) {
245                    tmpNanos *= 10;
246                    nanoPrecision++;
247                }
248                a_nanos = tmpNanos;
249            } else if (period > 0) {
250                throw new java.lang.IllegalArgumentException(formatError);
251            } else {
252                second = Integer.parseInt(s, secondColon + 1, len, 10);
253            }
254        } else {
255            throw new java.lang.IllegalArgumentException(formatError);
256        }
257
258        return new Timestamp(year - 1900, month - 1, day, hour, minute, second, a_nanos);
259    }
260
261    /**
262     * Formats a timestamp in JDBC timestamp escape format.
263     *         {@code yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss.fffffffff},
264     * where {@code fffffffff} indicates nanoseconds.
265     *
266     * @return a {@code String} object in
267     *           {@code yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss.fffffffff} format
268     */
269    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
270    public String toString() {
271        int year = super.getYear() + 1900;
272        int month = super.getMonth() + 1;
273        int day = super.getDate();
274        int hour = super.getHours();
275        int minute = super.getMinutes();
276        int second = super.getSeconds();
277
278        int trailingZeros = 0;
279        int tmpNanos = nanos;
280        if (tmpNanos == 0) {
281            trailingZeros = 8;
282        } else {
283            while (tmpNanos % 10 == 0) {
284                tmpNanos /= 10;
285                trailingZeros++;
286            }
287        }
288
289        // 8058429: To comply with current JCK tests, we need to deal with year
290        // being any number between 0 and 292278995
291        int count = 10000;
292        int yearSize = 4;
293        do {
294            if (year < count) {
295                break;
296            }
297            yearSize++;
298            count *= 10;
299        } while (count < 1000000000);
300
301        char[] buf = new char[25 + yearSize - trailingZeros];
302        Date.formatDecimalInt(year, buf, 0, yearSize);
303        buf[yearSize] = '-';
304        Date.formatDecimalInt(month, buf, yearSize + 1, 2);
305        buf[yearSize + 3] = '-';
306        Date.formatDecimalInt(day, buf, yearSize + 4, 2);
307        buf[yearSize + 6] = ' ';
308        Date.formatDecimalInt(hour, buf, yearSize + 7, 2);
309        buf[yearSize + 9] = ':';
310        Date.formatDecimalInt(minute, buf, yearSize + 10, 2);
311        buf[yearSize + 12] = ':';
312        Date.formatDecimalInt(second, buf, yearSize + 13, 2);
313        buf[yearSize + 15] = '.';
314        Date.formatDecimalInt(tmpNanos, buf, yearSize + 16, 9 - trailingZeros);
315
316        return jla.newStringUnsafe(buf);
317    }
318
319    /**
320     * Gets this {@code Timestamp} object's {@code nanos} value.
321     *
322     * @return this {@code Timestamp} object's fractional seconds component
323     * @see #setNanos
324     */
325    public int getNanos() {
326        return nanos;
327    }
328
329    /**
330     * Sets this {@code Timestamp} object's {@code nanos} field
331     * to the given value.
332     *
333     * @param n the new fractional seconds component
334     * @exception java.lang.IllegalArgumentException if the given argument
335     *            is greater than 999999999 or less than 0
336     * @see #getNanos
337     */
338    public void setNanos(int n) {
339        if (n > 999999999 || n < 0) {
340            throw new IllegalArgumentException("nanos > 999999999 or < 0");
341        }
342        nanos = n;
343    }
344
345    /**
346     * Tests to see if this {@code Timestamp} object is
347     * equal to the given {@code Timestamp} object.
348     *
349     * @param ts the {@code Timestamp} value to compare with
350     * @return {@code true} if the given {@code Timestamp}
351     *         object is equal to this {@code Timestamp} object;
352     *         {@code false} otherwise
353     */
354    public boolean equals(Timestamp ts) {
355        if (super.equals(ts)) {
356            if  (nanos == ts.nanos) {
357                return true;
358            } else {
359                return false;
360            }
361        } else {
362            return false;
363        }
364    }
365
366    /**
367     * Tests to see if this {@code Timestamp} object is
368     * equal to the given object.
369     *
370     * This version of the method {@code equals} has been added
371     * to fix the incorrect
372     * signature of {@code Timestamp.equals(Timestamp)} and to preserve backward
373     * compatibility with existing class files.
374     *
375     * Note: This method is not symmetric with respect to the
376     * {@code equals(Object)} method in the base class.
377     *
378     * @param ts the {@code Object} value to compare with
379     * @return {@code true} if the given {@code Object} is an instance
380     *         of a {@code Timestamp} that
381     *         is equal to this {@code Timestamp} object;
382     *         {@code false} otherwise
383     */
384    public boolean equals(java.lang.Object ts) {
385      if (ts instanceof Timestamp) {
386        return this.equals((Timestamp)ts);
387      } else {
388        return false;
389      }
390    }
391
392    /**
393     * Indicates whether this {@code Timestamp} object is
394     * earlier than the given {@code Timestamp} object.
395     *
396     * @param ts the {@code Timestamp} value to compare with
397     * @return {@code true} if this {@code Timestamp} object is earlier;
398     *        {@code false} otherwise
399     */
400    public boolean before(Timestamp ts) {
401        return compareTo(ts) < 0;
402    }
403
404    /**
405     * Indicates whether this {@code Timestamp} object is
406     * later than the given {@code Timestamp} object.
407     *
408     * @param ts the {@code Timestamp} value to compare with
409     * @return {@code true} if this {@code Timestamp} object is later;
410     *        {@code false} otherwise
411     */
412    public boolean after(Timestamp ts) {
413        return compareTo(ts) > 0;
414    }
415
416    /**
417     * Compares this {@code Timestamp} object to the given
418     * {@code Timestamp} object.
419     *
420     * @param   ts   the {@code Timestamp} object to be compared to
421     *                this {@code Timestamp} object
422     * @return  the value {@code 0} if the two {@code Timestamp}
423     *          objects are equal; a value less than {@code 0} if this
424     *          {@code Timestamp} object is before the given argument;
425     *          and a value greater than {@code 0} if this
426     *          {@code Timestamp} object is after the given argument.
427     * @since   1.4
428     */
429    public int compareTo(Timestamp ts) {
430        long thisTime = this.getTime();
431        long anotherTime = ts.getTime();
432        int i = (thisTime<anotherTime ? -1 :(thisTime==anotherTime?0 :1));
433        if (i == 0) {
434            if (nanos > ts.nanos) {
435                    return 1;
436            } else if (nanos < ts.nanos) {
437                return -1;
438            }
439        }
440        return i;
441    }
442
443    /**
444     * Compares this {@code Timestamp} object to the given
445     * {@code Date} object.
446     *
447     * @param o the {@code Date} to be compared to
448     *          this {@code Timestamp} object
449     * @return  the value {@code 0} if this {@code Timestamp} object
450     *          and the given object are equal; a value less than {@code 0}
451     *          if this  {@code Timestamp} object is before the given argument;
452     *          and a value greater than {@code 0} if this
453     *          {@code Timestamp} object is after the given argument.
454     *
455     * @since   1.5
456     */
457    public int compareTo(java.util.Date o) {
458       if(o instanceof Timestamp) {
459            // When Timestamp instance compare it with a Timestamp
460            // Hence it is basically calling this.compareTo((Timestamp))o);
461            // Note typecasting is safe because o is instance of Timestamp
462           return compareTo((Timestamp)o);
463      } else {
464            // When Date doing a o.compareTo(this)
465            // will give wrong results.
466          Timestamp ts = new Timestamp(o.getTime());
467          return this.compareTo(ts);
468      }
469    }
470
471    /**
472     * {@inheritDoc}
473     *
474     * The {@code hashCode} method uses the underlying {@code java.util.Date}
475     * implementation and therefore does not include nanos in its computation.
476     *
477     */
478    @Override
479    public int hashCode() {
480        return super.hashCode();
481    }
482
483    static final long serialVersionUID = 2745179027874758501L;
484
485    private static final int MILLIS_PER_SECOND = 1000;
486
487    /**
488     * Obtains an instance of {@code Timestamp} from a {@code LocalDateTime}
489     * object, with the same year, month, day of month, hours, minutes,
490     * seconds and nanos date-time value as the provided {@code LocalDateTime}.
491     * <p>
492     * The provided {@code LocalDateTime} is interpreted as the local
493     * date-time in the local time zone.
494     *
495     * @param dateTime a {@code LocalDateTime} to convert
496     * @return a {@code Timestamp} object
497     * @exception NullPointerException if {@code dateTime} is null.
498     * @since 1.8
499     */
500    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
501    public static Timestamp valueOf(LocalDateTime dateTime) {
502        return new Timestamp(dateTime.getYear() - 1900,
503                             dateTime.getMonthValue() - 1,
504                             dateTime.getDayOfMonth(),
505                             dateTime.getHour(),
506                             dateTime.getMinute(),
507                             dateTime.getSecond(),
508                             dateTime.getNano());
509    }
510
511    /**
512     * Converts this {@code Timestamp} object to a {@code LocalDateTime}.
513     * <p>
514     * The conversion creates a {@code LocalDateTime} that represents the
515     * same year, month, day of month, hours, minutes, seconds and nanos
516     * date-time value as this {@code Timestamp} in the local time zone.
517     *
518     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} object representing the same date-time value
519     * @since 1.8
520     */
521    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
522    public LocalDateTime toLocalDateTime() {
523        return LocalDateTime.of(getYear() + 1900,
524                                getMonth() + 1,
525                                getDate(),
526                                getHours(),
527                                getMinutes(),
528                                getSeconds(),
529                                getNanos());
530    }
531
532    /**
533     * Obtains an instance of {@code Timestamp} from an {@link Instant} object.
534     * <p>
535     * {@code Instant} can store points on the time-line further in the future
536     * and further in the past than {@code Date}. In this scenario, this method
537     * will throw an exception.
538     *
539     * @param instant  the instant to convert
540     * @return an {@code Timestamp} representing the same point on the time-line as
541     *  the provided instant
542     * @exception NullPointerException if {@code instant} is null.
543     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the instant is too large to
544     *  represent as a {@code Timestamp}
545     * @since 1.8
546     */
547    public static Timestamp from(Instant instant) {
548        try {
549            Timestamp stamp = new Timestamp(instant.getEpochSecond() * MILLIS_PER_SECOND);
550            stamp.nanos = instant.getNano();
551            return stamp;
552        } catch (ArithmeticException ex) {
553            throw new IllegalArgumentException(ex);
554        }
555    }
556
557    /**
558     * Converts this {@code Timestamp} object to an {@code Instant}.
559     * <p>
560     * The conversion creates an {@code Instant} that represents the same
561     * point on the time-line as this {@code Timestamp}.
562     *
563     * @return an instant representing the same point on the time-line
564     * @since 1.8
565     */
566    @Override
567    public Instant toInstant() {
568        return Instant.ofEpochSecond(super.getTime() / MILLIS_PER_SECOND, nanos);
569    }
570}
571