1/* $OpenBSD: mkfs_msdos.c,v 1.7 2022/02/28 16:17:37 krw Exp $ */ 2/* $NetBSD: mkfs_msdos.c,v 1.10 2016/04/03 11:00:13 mlelstv Exp $ */ 3 4/* 5 * Copyright (c) 1998 Robert Nordier 6 * All rights reserved. 7 * 8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10 * are met: 11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in 15 * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the 16 * distribution. 17 * 18 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS 19 * OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 20 * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 21 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY 22 * DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 23 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE 24 * GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS 25 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER 26 * IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR 27 * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN 28 * IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 29 */ 30 31#include <sys/param.h> /* powerof2 */ 32#include <sys/types.h> 33#include <sys/stat.h> 34#include <sys/time.h> 35 36#include <ctype.h> 37#include <err.h> 38#include <errno.h> 39#include <fcntl.h> 40#include <paths.h> 41#include <stdio.h> 42#include <stdint.h> 43#include <stdlib.h> 44#include <limits.h> 45#include <string.h> 46#include <time.h> 47#include <unistd.h> 48#include <signal.h> 49 50#include <util.h> 51 52#include "makefs.h" 53#include "msdos/mkfs_msdos.h" 54 55#define MAXU16 0xffff /* maximum unsigned 16-bit quantity */ 56#define BPN 4 /* bits per nibble */ 57#define NPB 2 /* nibbles per byte */ 58 59#define DOSMAGIC 0xaa55 /* DOS magic number */ 60#define MINBPS 512 /* minimum bytes per sector */ 61#define MAXSPC 128 /* maximum sectors per cluster */ 62#define MAXNFT 16 /* maximum number of FATs */ 63#define DEFBLK 4096 /* default block size */ 64#define DEFBLK16 2048 /* default block size FAT16 */ 65#define DEFRDE 512 /* default root directory entries */ 66#define RESFTE 2 /* reserved FAT entries */ 67#define MINCLS12 1 /* minimum FAT12 clusters */ 68#define MINCLS16 0xff5 /* minimum FAT16 clusters */ 69#define MINCLS32 0xfff5 /* minimum FAT32 clusters */ 70#define MAXCLS12 0xff4 /* maximum FAT12 clusters */ 71#define MAXCLS16 0xfff4 /* maximum FAT16 clusters */ 72#define MAXCLS32 0xffffff4 /* maximum FAT32 clusters */ 73 74#define mincls(fat_type) ((fat_type) == 12 ? MINCLS12 : \ 75 (fat_type) == 16 ? MINCLS16 : \ 76 MINCLS32) 77 78#define maxcls(fat_type) ((fat_type) == 12 ? MAXCLS12 : \ 79 (fat_type) == 16 ? MAXCLS16 : \ 80 MAXCLS32) 81 82#define mk1(p, x) \ 83 (p) = (u_int8_t)(x) 84 85#define mk2(p, x) \ 86 (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \ 87 (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010) 88 89#define mk4(p, x) \ 90 (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \ 91 (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010), \ 92 (p)[2] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 020), \ 93 (p)[3] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 030) 94 95struct bs { 96 u_int8_t jmp[3]; /* bootstrap entry point */ 97 u_int8_t oem[8]; /* OEM name and version */ 98}; 99 100struct bsbpb { 101 u_int8_t bps[2]; /* bytes per sector */ 102 u_int8_t spc; /* sectors per cluster */ 103 u_int8_t res[2]; /* reserved sectors */ 104 u_int8_t nft; /* number of FATs */ 105 u_int8_t rde[2]; /* root directory entries */ 106 u_int8_t sec[2]; /* total sectors */ 107 u_int8_t mid; /* media descriptor */ 108 u_int8_t spf[2]; /* sectors per FAT */ 109 u_int8_t spt[2]; /* sectors per track */ 110 u_int8_t hds[2]; /* drive heads */ 111 u_int8_t hid[4]; /* hidden sectors */ 112 u_int8_t bsec[4]; /* big total sectors */ 113}; 114 115struct bsxbpb { 116 u_int8_t bspf[4]; /* big sectors per FAT */ 117 u_int8_t xflg[2]; /* FAT control flags */ 118 u_int8_t vers[2]; /* file system version */ 119 u_int8_t rdcl[4]; /* root directory start cluster */ 120 u_int8_t infs[2]; /* file system info sector */ 121 u_int8_t bkbs[2]; /* backup boot sector */ 122 u_int8_t rsvd[12]; /* reserved */ 123}; 124 125struct bsx { 126 u_int8_t drv; /* drive number */ 127 u_int8_t rsvd; /* reserved */ 128 u_int8_t sig; /* extended boot signature */ 129 u_int8_t volid[4]; /* volume ID number */ 130 u_int8_t label[11]; /* volume label */ 131 u_int8_t type[8]; /* file system type */ 132}; 133 134struct de { 135 u_int8_t namext[11]; /* name and extension */ 136 u_int8_t attr; /* attributes */ 137 u_int8_t rsvd[10]; /* reserved */ 138 u_int8_t time[2]; /* creation time */ 139 u_int8_t date[2]; /* creation date */ 140 u_int8_t clus[2]; /* starting cluster */ 141 u_int8_t size[4]; /* size */ 142}; 143 144struct bpb { 145 u_int bps; /* bytes per sector */ 146 u_int spc; /* sectors per cluster */ 147 u_int res; /* reserved sectors */ 148 u_int nft; /* number of FATs */ 149 u_int rde; /* root directory entries */ 150 u_int sec; /* total sectors */ 151 u_int mid; /* media descriptor */ 152 u_int spf; /* sectors per FAT */ 153 u_int spt; /* sectors per track */ 154 u_int hds; /* drive heads */ 155 u_int hid; /* hidden sectors */ 156 u_int bsec; /* big total sectors */ 157 u_int bspf; /* big sectors per FAT */ 158 u_int rdcl; /* root directory start cluster */ 159 u_int infs; /* file system info sector */ 160 u_int bkbs; /* backup boot sector */ 161}; 162 163#define INIT(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) \ 164 { .bps = a, .spc = b, .res = c, .nft = d, .rde = e, \ 165 .sec = f, .mid = g, .spf = h, .spt = i, .hds = j, } 166static struct { 167 const char *name; 168 struct bpb bpb; 169} stdfmt[] = { 170 {"160", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 320, 0xfe, 1, 8, 1)}, 171 {"180", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 360, 0xfc, 2, 9, 1)}, 172 {"320", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 640, 0xff, 1, 8, 2)}, 173 {"360", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 720, 0xfd, 2, 9, 2)}, 174 {"640", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1280, 0xfb, 2, 8, 2)}, 175 {"720", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1440, 0xf9, 3, 9, 2)}, 176 {"1200", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2400, 0xf9, 7, 15, 2)}, 177 {"1232", INIT(1024,1, 1, 2, 192, 1232, 0xfe, 2, 8, 2)}, 178 {"1440", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2880, 0xf0, 9, 18, 2)}, 179 {"2880", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 240, 5760, 0xf0, 9, 36, 2)} 180}; 181 182static u_int8_t bootcode[] = { 183 0xfa, /* cli */ 184 0x31, 0xc0, /* xor ax,ax */ 185 0x8e, 0xd0, /* mov ss,ax */ 186 0xbc, 0x00, 0x7c, /* mov sp,7c00h */ 187 0xfb, /* sti */ 188 0x8e, 0xd8, /* mov ds,ax */ 189 0xe8, 0x00, 0x00, /* call $ + 3 */ 190 0x5e, /* pop si */ 191 0x83, 0xc6, 0x19, /* add si,+19h */ 192 0xbb, 0x07, 0x00, /* mov bx,0007h */ 193 0xfc, /* cld */ 194 0xac, /* lodsb */ 195 0x84, 0xc0, /* test al,al */ 196 0x74, 0x06, /* jz $ + 8 */ 197 0xb4, 0x0e, /* mov ah,0eh */ 198 0xcd, 0x10, /* int 10h */ 199 0xeb, 0xf5, /* jmp $ - 9 */ 200 0x30, 0xe4, /* xor ah,ah */ 201 0xcd, 0x16, /* int 16h */ 202 0xcd, 0x19, /* int 19h */ 203 0x0d, 0x0a, 204 'N', 'o', 'n', '-', 's', 'y', 's', 't', 205 'e', 'm', ' ', 'd', 'i', 's', 'k', 206 0x0d, 0x0a, 207 'P', 'r', 'e', 's', 's', ' ', 'a', 'n', 208 'y', ' ', 'k', 'e', 'y', ' ', 't', 'o', 209 ' ', 'r', 'e', 'b', 'o', 'o', 't', 210 0x0d, 0x0a, 211 0 212}; 213 214static int got_siginfo = 0; /* received a SIGINFO */ 215 216static int getstdfmt(const char *, struct bpb *); 217static int getbpbinfo(int, const char *, const char *, int, struct bpb *, int); 218static void print_bpb(struct bpb *); 219static int ckgeom(const char *, u_int, const char *); 220static int oklabel(const char *); 221static void mklabel(u_int8_t *, const char *); 222static void setstr(u_int8_t *, const char *, size_t); 223static void infohandler(int sig); 224 225int 226mkfs_msdos(const char *fname, const char *dtype, const struct msdos_options *op) 227{ 228 char buf[PATH_MAX]; 229 struct stat sb; 230 struct timeval tv; 231 struct bpb bpb; 232 struct tm *tm; 233 struct bs *bs; 234 struct bsbpb *bsbpb; 235 struct bsxbpb *bsxbpb; 236 struct bsx *bsx; 237 struct de *de; 238 u_int8_t *img; 239 const char *bname; 240 ssize_t n; 241 time_t now; 242 u_int bss, rds, cls, dir, lsn, x, x1, x2; 243 int ch, fd, fd1; 244 struct msdos_options o = *op; 245 int oflags = O_RDWR | O_CREAT; 246 247 if (o.block_size && o.sectors_per_cluster) { 248 warnx("Cannot specify both block size and sectors per cluster"); 249 return -1; 250 } 251 if (o.OEM_string && strlen(o.OEM_string) > 8) { 252 warnx("%s: bad OEM string", o.OEM_string); 253 return -1; 254 } 255 if (o.create_size) { 256 if (o.offset == 0) 257 oflags |= O_TRUNC; 258 fd = open(fname, oflags, 0644); 259 if (fd == -1) { 260 warnx("failed to create %s", fname); 261 return -1; 262 } 263 (void)lseek(fd, o.create_size - 1, SEEK_SET); 264 if (write(fd, "\0", 1) != 1) { 265 warn("failed to set file size"); 266 return -1; 267 } 268 (void)lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET); 269 } else if ((fd = open(fname, O_RDWR)) == -1 || 270 fstat(fd, &sb)) { 271 warn("%s", fname); 272 return -1; 273 } 274 if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode) && !o.create_size) { 275 warnx("warning, %s is not a character device", fname); 276 return -1; 277 } 278 if (o.offset && o.offset != lseek(fd, o.offset, SEEK_SET)) { 279 warnx("cannot seek to %jd", (intmax_t)o.offset); 280 return -1; 281 } 282 memset(&bpb, 0, sizeof(bpb)); 283 if (o.floppy) { 284 if (getstdfmt(o.floppy, &bpb) == -1) 285 return -1; 286 bpb.bsec = bpb.sec; 287 bpb.sec = 0; 288 bpb.bspf = bpb.spf; 289 bpb.spf = 0; 290 } 291 if (o.drive_heads) 292 bpb.hds = o.drive_heads; 293 if (o.sectors_per_track) 294 bpb.spt = o.sectors_per_track; 295 if (o.bytes_per_sector) 296 bpb.bps = o.bytes_per_sector; 297 if (o.size) 298 bpb.bsec = o.size; 299 if (o.hidden_sectors_set) 300 bpb.hid = o.hidden_sectors; 301 if (!(o.floppy || (o.drive_heads && o.sectors_per_track && 302 o.bytes_per_sector && o.size && o.hidden_sectors_set))) { 303 if (getbpbinfo(fd, fname, dtype, o.hidden_sectors_set, &bpb, 304 o.create_size != 0) == -1) 305 return -1; 306 bpb.bsec -= (o.offset / bpb.bps); 307 if (bpb.spc == 0) { /* set defaults */ 308 /* minimum cluster size */ 309 switch (o.fat_type) { 310 case 12: 311 bpb.spc = 1; /* use 512 bytes */ 312 x = 2; /* up to 2MB */ 313 break; 314 case 16: 315 bpb.spc = 1; /* use 512 bytes */ 316 x = 32; /* up to 32MB */ 317 break; 318 default: 319 bpb.spc = 8; /* use 4k */ 320 x = 8192; /* up to 8GB */ 321 break; 322 } 323 x1 = howmany(bpb.bsec, (1048576 / 512)); /* -> MB */ 324 while (bpb.spc < 128 && x < x1) { 325 x *= 2; 326 bpb.spc *= 2; 327 } 328 } 329 } 330 331 if (o.volume_label && !oklabel(o.volume_label)) { 332 warnx("%s: bad volume label", o.volume_label); 333 return -1; 334 } 335 336 switch (o.fat_type) { 337 case 0: 338 if (o.floppy) 339 o.fat_type = 12; 340 else if (!o.directory_entries && (o.info_sector || o.backup_sector)) 341 o.fat_type = 32; 342 break; 343 case 12: 344 case 16: 345 if (o.info_sector) { 346 warnx("Cannot specify info sector with FAT%u", o.fat_type); 347 return -1; 348 } 349 if (o.backup_sector) { 350 warnx("Cannot specify backup sector with FAT%u", o.fat_type); 351 return -1; 352 } 353 break; 354 case 32: 355 if (o.directory_entries) { 356 warnx("Cannot specify directory entries with FAT32"); 357 return -1; 358 } 359 break; 360 default: 361 warnx("%d: bad FAT type", o.fat_type); 362 return -1; 363 } 364 if (!powerof2(bpb.bps)) { 365 warnx("bytes/sector (%u) is not a power of 2", bpb.bps); 366 return -1; 367 } 368 if (bpb.bps < MINBPS) { 369 warnx("bytes/sector (%u) is too small; minimum is %u", 370 bpb.bps, MINBPS); 371 return -1; 372 } 373 374 if (o.floppy && o.fat_type == 32) 375 bpb.rde = 0; 376 if (o.block_size) { 377 if (!powerof2(o.block_size)) { 378 warnx("block size (%u) is not a power of 2", o.block_size); 379 return -1; 380 } 381 if (o.block_size < bpb.bps) { 382 warnx("block size (%u) is too small; minimum is %u", 383 o.block_size, bpb.bps); 384 return -1; 385 } 386 if (o.block_size > bpb.bps * MAXSPC) { 387 warnx("block size (%u) is too large; maximum is %u", 388 o.block_size, bpb.bps * MAXSPC); 389 return -1; 390 } 391 bpb.spc = o.block_size / bpb.bps; 392 } 393 if (o.sectors_per_cluster) { 394 if (!powerof2(o.sectors_per_cluster)) { 395 warnx("sectors/cluster (%u) is not a power of 2", 396 o.sectors_per_cluster); 397 return -1; 398 } 399 bpb.spc = o.sectors_per_cluster; 400 } 401 if (o.reserved_sectors) 402 bpb.res = o.reserved_sectors; 403 if (o.num_FAT) { 404 if (o.num_FAT > MAXNFT) { 405 warnx("number of FATs (%u) is too large; maximum is %u", 406 o.num_FAT, MAXNFT); 407 return -1; 408 } 409 bpb.nft = o.num_FAT; 410 } 411 if (o.directory_entries) 412 bpb.rde = o.directory_entries; 413 if (o.media_descriptor_set) { 414 if (o.media_descriptor < 0xf0) { 415 warnx("illegal media descriptor (%#x)", o.media_descriptor); 416 return -1; 417 } 418 bpb.mid = o.media_descriptor; 419 } 420 if (o.sectors_per_fat) 421 bpb.bspf = o.sectors_per_fat; 422 if (o.info_sector) 423 bpb.infs = o.info_sector; 424 if (o.backup_sector) 425 bpb.bkbs = o.backup_sector; 426 bss = 1; 427 bname = NULL; 428 fd1 = -1; 429 if (o.bootstrap) { 430 bname = o.bootstrap; 431 if (!strchr(bname, '/')) { 432 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/boot/%s", bname); 433 if (!(bname = strdup(buf))) { 434 warn(NULL); 435 return -1; 436 } 437 } 438 if ((fd1 = open(bname, O_RDONLY)) == -1 || fstat(fd1, &sb)) { 439 warn("%s", bname); 440 return -1; 441 } 442 if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode) || sb.st_size % bpb.bps || 443 sb.st_size < bpb.bps || sb.st_size > bpb.bps * MAXU16) { 444 warnx("%s: inappropriate file type or format", bname); 445 return -1; 446 } 447 bss = sb.st_size / bpb.bps; 448 } 449 if (!bpb.nft) 450 bpb.nft = 2; 451 if (!o.fat_type) { 452 if (bpb.bsec < (bpb.res ? bpb.res : bss) + 453 howmany((RESFTE + (bpb.spc ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1)) * 454 ((bpb.spc ? 16 : 12) / BPN), bpb.bps * NPB) * 455 bpb.nft + 456 howmany(bpb.rde ? bpb.rde : DEFRDE, 457 bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)) + 458 (bpb.spc ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1) * 459 (bpb.spc ? bpb.spc : howmany(DEFBLK, bpb.bps))) 460 o.fat_type = 12; 461 else if (bpb.rde || bpb.bsec < 462 (bpb.res ? bpb.res : bss) + 463 howmany((RESFTE + MAXCLS16) * 2, bpb.bps) * bpb.nft + 464 howmany(DEFRDE, bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)) + 465 (MAXCLS16 + 1) * 466 (bpb.spc ? bpb.spc : howmany(8192, bpb.bps))) 467 o.fat_type = 16; 468 else 469 o.fat_type = 32; 470 } 471 x = bss; 472 if (o.fat_type == 32) { 473 if (!bpb.infs) { 474 if (x == MAXU16 || x == bpb.bkbs) { 475 warnx("no room for info sector"); 476 return -1; 477 } 478 bpb.infs = x; 479 } 480 if (bpb.infs != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.infs) 481 x = bpb.infs + 1; 482 if (!bpb.bkbs) { 483 if (x == MAXU16) { 484 warnx("no room for backup sector"); 485 return -1; 486 } 487 bpb.bkbs = x; 488 } else if (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && bpb.bkbs == bpb.infs) { 489 warnx("backup sector would overwrite info sector"); 490 return -1; 491 } 492 if (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bkbs) 493 x = bpb.bkbs + 1; 494 } 495 if (!bpb.res) 496 bpb.res = o.fat_type == 32 ? MAXIMUM(x, MAXIMUM(16384 / bpb.bps, 4)) : x; 497 else if (bpb.res < x) { 498 warnx("too few reserved sectors (need %d have %d)", x, bpb.res); 499 return -1; 500 } 501 if (o.fat_type != 32 && !bpb.rde) 502 bpb.rde = DEFRDE; 503 rds = howmany(bpb.rde, bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)); 504 if (!bpb.spc) 505 for (bpb.spc = howmany(o.fat_type == 16 ? DEFBLK16 : DEFBLK, bpb.bps); 506 bpb.spc < MAXSPC && 507 bpb.res + 508 howmany((RESFTE + maxcls(o.fat_type)) * (o.fat_type / BPN), 509 bpb.bps * NPB) * bpb.nft + 510 rds + 511 (u_int64_t)(maxcls(o.fat_type) + 1) * bpb.spc <= bpb.bsec; 512 bpb.spc <<= 1); 513 if (o.fat_type != 32 && bpb.bspf > MAXU16) { 514 warnx("too many sectors/FAT for FAT12/16"); 515 return -1; 516 } 517 x1 = bpb.res + rds; 518 x = bpb.bspf ? bpb.bspf : 1; 519 if (x1 + (u_int64_t)x * bpb.nft > bpb.bsec) { 520 warnx("meta data exceeds file system size"); 521 return -1; 522 } 523 x1 += x * bpb.nft; 524 x = (u_int64_t)(bpb.bsec - x1) * bpb.bps * NPB / 525 (bpb.spc * bpb.bps * NPB + o.fat_type / BPN * bpb.nft); 526 x2 = howmany((RESFTE + MINIMUM(x, maxcls(o.fat_type))) * (o.fat_type / BPN), 527 bpb.bps * NPB); 528 if (!bpb.bspf) { 529 bpb.bspf = x2; 530 x1 += (bpb.bspf - 1) * bpb.nft; 531 } 532 cls = (bpb.bsec - x1) / bpb.spc; 533 x = (u_int64_t)bpb.bspf * bpb.bps * NPB / (o.fat_type / BPN) - RESFTE; 534 if (cls > x) 535 cls = x; 536 if (bpb.bspf < x2) { 537 warnx("warning: sectors/FAT limits file system to %u clusters", 538 cls); 539 return -1; 540 } 541 if (cls < mincls(o.fat_type)) { 542 warnx("%u clusters too few clusters for FAT%u, need %u", cls, 543 o.fat_type, mincls(o.fat_type)); 544 return -1; 545 } 546 if (cls > maxcls(o.fat_type)) { 547 cls = maxcls(o.fat_type); 548 bpb.bsec = x1 + (cls + 1) * bpb.spc - 1; 549 warnx("warning: FAT type limits file system to %u sectors", 550 bpb.bsec); 551 return -1; 552 } 553 printf("%s: %u sector%s in %u FAT%u cluster%s " 554 "(%u bytes/cluster)\n", fname, cls * bpb.spc, 555 cls * bpb.spc == 1 ? "" : "s", cls, o.fat_type, 556 cls == 1 ? "" : "s", bpb.bps * bpb.spc); 557 if (!bpb.mid) 558 bpb.mid = !bpb.hid ? 0xf0 : 0xf8; 559 if (o.fat_type == 32) 560 bpb.rdcl = RESFTE; 561 if (bpb.hid + bpb.bsec <= MAXU16) { 562 bpb.sec = bpb.bsec; 563 bpb.bsec = 0; 564 } 565 if (o.fat_type != 32) { 566 bpb.spf = bpb.bspf; 567 bpb.bspf = 0; 568 } 569 ch = 0; 570 if (o.fat_type == 12) 571 ch = 1; /* 001 Primary DOS with 12 bit FAT */ 572 else if (o.fat_type == 16) { 573 if (bpb.bsec == 0) 574 ch = 4; /* 004 Primary DOS with 16 bit FAT <32M */ 575 else 576 ch = 6; /* 006 Primary 'big' DOS, 16-bit FAT (> 32MB) */ 577 /* 578 * XXX: what about: 579 * 014 DOS (16-bit FAT) - LBA 580 * ? 581 */ 582 } else if (o.fat_type == 32) { 583 ch = 11; /* 011 Primary DOS with 32 bit FAT */ 584 /* 585 * XXX: what about: 586 * 012 Primary DOS with 32 bit FAT - LBA 587 * ? 588 */ 589 } 590 if (ch != 0) 591 printf("MBR type: %d\n", ch); 592 print_bpb(&bpb); 593 594 gettimeofday(&tv, NULL); 595 now = tv.tv_sec; 596 tm = localtime(&now); 597 img = emalloc(bpb.bps); 598 dir = bpb.res + (bpb.spf ? bpb.spf : bpb.bspf) * bpb.nft; 599 signal(SIGINFO, infohandler); 600 for (lsn = 0; lsn < dir + (o.fat_type == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds); lsn++) { 601 if (got_siginfo) { 602 fprintf(stderr,"%s: writing sector %u of %u (%u%%)\n", 603 fname,lsn,(dir + (o.fat_type == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds)), 604 (lsn*100)/(dir + (o.fat_type == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds))); 605 got_siginfo = 0; 606 } 607 x = lsn; 608 if (o.bootstrap && 609 o.fat_type == 32 && bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && 610 bss <= bpb.bkbs && x >= bpb.bkbs) { 611 x -= bpb.bkbs; 612 if (!x && lseek(fd1, o.offset, SEEK_SET)) { 613 warn("%s", bname); 614 return -1; 615 } 616 } 617 if (o.bootstrap && x < bss) { 618 if ((n = read(fd1, img, bpb.bps)) == -1) { 619 warn("%s", bname); 620 return -1; 621 } 622 if ((size_t)n != bpb.bps) { 623 warnx("%s: can't read sector %u", bname, x); 624 return -1; 625 } 626 } else 627 memset(img, 0, bpb.bps); 628 if (!lsn || 629 (o.fat_type == 32 && bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && lsn == bpb.bkbs)) { 630 x1 = sizeof(struct bs); 631 bsbpb = (struct bsbpb *)(img + x1); 632 mk2(bsbpb->bps, bpb.bps); 633 mk1(bsbpb->spc, bpb.spc); 634 mk2(bsbpb->res, bpb.res); 635 mk1(bsbpb->nft, bpb.nft); 636 mk2(bsbpb->rde, bpb.rde); 637 mk2(bsbpb->sec, bpb.sec); 638 mk1(bsbpb->mid, bpb.mid); 639 mk2(bsbpb->spf, bpb.spf); 640 mk2(bsbpb->spt, bpb.spt); 641 mk2(bsbpb->hds, bpb.hds); 642 mk4(bsbpb->hid, bpb.hid); 643 mk4(bsbpb->bsec, bpb.bsec); 644 x1 += sizeof(struct bsbpb); 645 if (o.fat_type == 32) { 646 bsxbpb = (struct bsxbpb *)(img + x1); 647 mk4(bsxbpb->bspf, bpb.bspf); 648 mk2(bsxbpb->xflg, 0); 649 mk2(bsxbpb->vers, 0); 650 mk4(bsxbpb->rdcl, bpb.rdcl); 651 mk2(bsxbpb->infs, bpb.infs); 652 mk2(bsxbpb->bkbs, bpb.bkbs); 653 x1 += sizeof(struct bsxbpb); 654 } 655 bsx = (struct bsx *)(img + x1); 656 mk1(bsx->sig, 0x29); 657 if (o.volume_id_set) 658 x = o.volume_id; 659 else 660 x = (((u_int)(1 + tm->tm_mon) << 8 | 661 (u_int)tm->tm_mday) + 662 ((u_int)tm->tm_sec << 8 | 663 (u_int)(tv.tv_usec / 10))) << 16 | 664 ((u_int)(1900 + tm->tm_year) + 665 ((u_int)tm->tm_hour << 8 | 666 (u_int)tm->tm_min)); 667 mk4(bsx->volid, x); 668 mklabel(bsx->label, o.volume_label ? o.volume_label : "NO NAME"); 669 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "FAT%u", o.fat_type); 670 setstr(bsx->type, buf, sizeof(bsx->type)); 671 if (!o.bootstrap) { 672 x1 += sizeof(struct bsx); 673 bs = (struct bs *)img; 674 mk1(bs->jmp[0], 0xeb); 675 mk1(bs->jmp[1], x1 - 2); 676 mk1(bs->jmp[2], 0x90); 677 setstr(bs->oem, o.OEM_string ? o.OEM_string : "NetBSD", 678 sizeof(bs->oem)); 679 memcpy(img + x1, bootcode, sizeof(bootcode)); 680 mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC); 681 } 682 } else if (o.fat_type == 32 && bpb.infs != MAXU16 && 683 (lsn == bpb.infs || 684 (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && 685 lsn == bpb.bkbs + bpb.infs))) { 686 mk4(img, 0x41615252); 687 mk4(img + MINBPS - 28, 0x61417272); 688 mk4(img + MINBPS - 24, 0xffffffff); 689 mk4(img + MINBPS - 20, 0xffffffff); 690 mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC); 691 } else if (lsn >= bpb.res && lsn < dir && 692 !((lsn - bpb.res) % 693 (bpb.spf ? bpb.spf : bpb.bspf))) { 694 mk1(img[0], bpb.mid); 695 for (x = 1; x < o.fat_type * (o.fat_type == 32 ? 3U : 2U) / 8U; x++) 696 mk1(img[x], o.fat_type == 32 && x % 4 == 3 ? 0x0f : 0xff); 697 } else if (lsn == dir && o.volume_label) { 698 de = (struct de *)img; 699 mklabel(de->namext, o.volume_label); 700 mk1(de->attr, 050); 701 x = (u_int)tm->tm_hour << 11 | 702 (u_int)tm->tm_min << 5 | 703 (u_int)tm->tm_sec >> 1; 704 mk2(de->time, x); 705 x = (u_int)(tm->tm_year - 80) << 9 | 706 (u_int)(tm->tm_mon + 1) << 5 | 707 (u_int)tm->tm_mday; 708 mk2(de->date, x); 709 } 710 if ((n = write(fd, img, bpb.bps)) == -1) { 711 warn("%s", fname); 712 return -1; 713 } 714 if ((size_t)n != bpb.bps) { 715 warnx("%s: can't write sector %u", fname, lsn); 716 return -1; 717 } 718 } 719 return 0; 720} 721 722 723/* 724 * Get a standard format. 725 */ 726static int 727getstdfmt(const char *fmt, struct bpb *bpb) 728{ 729 u_int x, i; 730 731 x = sizeof(stdfmt) / sizeof(stdfmt[0]); 732 for (i = 0; i < x && strcmp(fmt, stdfmt[i].name); i++); 733 if (i == x) { 734 warnx("%s: unknown standard format", fmt); 735 return -1; 736 } 737 *bpb = stdfmt[i].bpb; 738 return 0; 739} 740 741/* 742 * Get disk slice, partition, and geometry information. 743 */ 744static int 745getbpbinfo(int fd, const char *fname, const char *dtype, int iflag, 746 struct bpb *bpb, int create) 747{ 748 const char *s1, *s2; 749 int part; 750 751 part = -1; 752 s1 = fname; 753 if ((s2 = strrchr(s1, '/'))) 754 s1 = s2 + 1; 755 for (s2 = s1; *s2 && !isdigit((unsigned char)*s2); s2++); 756 if (!*s2 || s2 == s1) 757 s2 = NULL; 758 else 759 while (isdigit((unsigned char)*++s2)); 760 s1 = s2; 761 762 if (((part != -1) && ((!iflag && part != -1) || !bpb->bsec)) || 763 !bpb->bps || !bpb->spt || !bpb->hds) { 764 u_int sector_size; 765 u_int nsectors; 766 u_int ntracks; 767 u_int size; 768 { 769 struct stat st; 770 771 if (fstat(fd, &st) == -1) { 772 warnx("Can't get disk size for `%s'", fname); 773 return -1; 774 } 775 /* create a fake geometry for a file image */ 776 sector_size = 512; 777 nsectors = 63; 778 ntracks = 255; 779 size = st.st_size / sector_size; 780 } 781 if (!bpb->bps) { 782 if (ckgeom(fname, sector_size, "bytes/sector") == -1) 783 return -1; 784 bpb->bps = sector_size; 785 } 786 787 if (nsectors > 63) { 788 /* 789 * The kernel doesn't accept BPB with spt > 63. 790 * (see sys/fs/msdosfs/msdosfs_vfsops.c:msdosfs_mountfs()) 791 * If values taken from disklabel don't match these 792 * restrictions, use popular BIOS default values instead. 793 */ 794 nsectors = 63; 795 } 796 if (!bpb->spt) { 797 if (ckgeom(fname, nsectors, "sectors/track") == -1) 798 return -1; 799 bpb->spt = nsectors; 800 } 801 if (!bpb->hds) { 802 if (ckgeom(fname, ntracks, "drive heads") == -1) 803 return -1; 804 bpb->hds = ntracks; 805 } 806 if (!bpb->bsec) 807 bpb->bsec = size; 808 } 809 return 0; 810} 811 812/* 813 * Print out BPB values. 814 */ 815static void 816print_bpb(struct bpb *bpb) 817{ 818 printf("bps=%u spc=%u res=%u nft=%u", bpb->bps, bpb->spc, bpb->res, 819 bpb->nft); 820 if (bpb->rde) 821 printf(" rde=%u", bpb->rde); 822 if (bpb->sec) 823 printf(" sec=%u", bpb->sec); 824 printf(" mid=%#x", bpb->mid); 825 if (bpb->spf) 826 printf(" spf=%u", bpb->spf); 827 printf(" spt=%u hds=%u hid=%u", bpb->spt, bpb->hds, bpb->hid); 828 if (bpb->bsec) 829 printf(" bsec=%u", bpb->bsec); 830 if (!bpb->spf) { 831 printf(" bspf=%u rdcl=%u", bpb->bspf, bpb->rdcl); 832 printf(" infs="); 833 printf(bpb->infs == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->infs); 834 printf(" bkbs="); 835 printf(bpb->bkbs == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->bkbs); 836 } 837 printf("\n"); 838} 839 840/* 841 * Check a disk geometry value. 842 */ 843static int 844ckgeom(const char *fname, u_int val, const char *msg) 845{ 846 if (!val) { 847 warnx("%s: no default %s", fname, msg); 848 return -1; 849 } 850 if (val > MAXU16) { 851 warnx("%s: illegal %s", fname, msg); 852 return -1; 853 } 854 return 0; 855} 856/* 857 * Check a volume label. 858 */ 859static int 860oklabel(const char *src) 861{ 862 int c, i; 863 864 for (i = 0; i <= 11; i++) { 865 c = (u_char)*src++; 866 if (c < ' ' + !i || strchr("\"*+,./:;<=>?[\\]|", c)) 867 break; 868 } 869 return i && !c; 870} 871 872/* 873 * Make a volume label. 874 */ 875static void 876mklabel(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src) 877{ 878 int c, i; 879 880 for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) { 881 c = *src ? toupper((unsigned char)*src++) : ' '; 882 *dest++ = !i && c == '\xe5' ? 5 : c; 883 } 884} 885 886/* 887 * Copy string, padding with spaces. 888 */ 889static void 890setstr(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src, size_t len) 891{ 892 while (len--) 893 *dest++ = *src ? *src++ : ' '; 894} 895 896static void 897infohandler(int sig) 898{ 899 got_siginfo = 1; 900} 901