Copyright (c) 2007,2008
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.Dd $Mdocdate: March 19 2022 $ .Dt IWM 4 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm iwm .Nd Intel 7000/8000/9000 IEEE 802.11a/ac/b/g/n wireless network device .Sh SYNOPSIS .Cd "iwm* at pci?" .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Nm driver provides support for Intel Wireless 7260, 7265, 3160, 3165, 3168, 8260, 8265, and 9260 PCIe Mini Card and M.2 network adapters, and for Intel Wireless 9560 Integrated Connectivity (CNVi) network adapters with companion RF M.2 modules.
p These are the modes the .Nm driver can operate in: l -tag -width "IBSS-masterXX" t BSS mode Also known as .Em infrastructure mode, this is used when associating with an access point, through which all traffic passes. This mode is the default. t monitor mode In this mode the driver is able to receive packets without associating with an access point. This disables the internal receive filter and enables the card to capture packets from networks which it wouldn't normally have access to, or to scan for access points. .El
p The .Nm driver can be configured to use Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) or Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA1 and WPA2). WPA2 is the current encryption standard for wireless networks. It is strongly recommended that neither WEP nor WPA1 are used as the sole mechanism to secure wireless communication, due to serious weaknesses. WPA1 is disabled by default and may be enabled using the option .Qq Cm wpaprotos Ar wpa1,wpa2 . For standard WPA networks which use pre-shared keys (PSK), keys are configured using the .Qq Cm wpakey option. WPA-Enterprise networks require use of the wpa_supplicant package. The .Nm driver offloads both encryption and decryption of unicast data frames to the hardware for the CCMP cipher.
p In BSS mode the driver supports background scanning; see .Xr ifconfig 8 .
p The .Nm driver can be configured at runtime with .Xr ifconfig 8 or on boot with .Xr hostname.if 5 . .Sh FILES The driver needs one of the following firmware files, which are loaded when an interface is brought up:
p l -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact t Pa /etc/firmware/iwm-3160-17 t Pa /etc/firmware/iwm-3168-29 t Pa /etc/firmware/iwm-7260-17 t Pa /etc/firmware/iwm-7265-17 t Pa /etc/firmware/iwm-7265D-29 t Pa /etc/firmware/iwm-8000C-36 t Pa /etc/firmware/iwm-8265-36 t Pa /etc/firmware/iwm-9000-46 t Pa /etc/firmware/iwm-9260-46 .El
p These firmware files are not free because Intel refuses to grant distribution rights without contractual obligations. As a result, even though .Ox includes the driver, the firmware files cannot be included and users have to download these files on their own.
p A prepackaged version of the firmware can be installed using .Xr fw_update 8 . .Sh EXAMPLES The following example scans for available networks:
p .Dl # ifconfig iwm0 scan
p The following .Xr hostname.if 5 example configures iwm0 to join network .Dq mynwid , using WPA key .Dq mywpakey , obtaining an IP address using DHCP: d -literal -offset indent join mynwid wpakey mywpakey inet autoconf .Ed .Sh DIAGNOSTICS l -diag t "iwm0: device timeout" A frame dispatched to the hardware for transmission did not complete in time. The driver will reset the hardware. This should not happen. t "iwm0: fatal firmware error" For some reason, the firmware crashed. The driver will reset the hardware. This should not happen. t "iwm0: radio is disabled by hardware switch" The radio transmitter is off and thus no packet can go out. The driver will reset the hardware. Make sure the laptop radio switch is on. t "iwm0: could not read firmware ... (error N)" For some reason, the driver was unable to read the firmware image from the filesystem. The file might be missing or corrupted. t "iwm0: firmware too short: N bytes" The firmware image is corrupted and can't be loaded into the adapter. t "iwm0: could not load firmware" An attempt to load the firmware into the adapter failed. The driver will reset the hardware. .El .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr arp 4 , .Xr ifmedia 4 , .Xr intro 4 , .Xr netintro 4 , .Xr pci 4 , .Xr hostname.if 5 , .Xr ifconfig 8 .Sh HISTORY The .Nm device driver first appeared in .Ox 5.7 . .Sh CAVEATS This driver does not support powersave mode.