1<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Glossary</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.66.1"><link rel="start" href="index.html" title="Samba-3 by Example"><link rel="up" href="index.html" title="Samba-3 by Example"><link rel="prev" href="gpl.html" title="Appendix�B.�GNU General Public License"><link rel="next" href="ix01.html" title="Index"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Glossary</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="gpl.html">Prev</a>�</td><th width="60%" align="center">�</th><td width="20%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="ix01.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="glossary"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="id2600651"></a>Glossary</h2></div></div></div><dl><dt>Access Control List</dt><dd><p> 2 A detailed list of permissions granted to users or groups with respect to file and network 3 resource access. 4 </p></dd><dt>Active Directory Service</dt><dd><p> 5 A service unique to Microsoft Windows 200x servers that provides a centrally managed 6 directory for management of user identities and computer objects, as well as the 7 permissions each user or computer may be granted to access distributed network resources. 8 ADS uses Kerberos-based authentication and LDAP over Kerberos for directory access. 9 </p></dd><dt>Common Internet File System</dt><dd><p> 10 The new name for SMB. Microsoft renamed the SMB protocol to CIFS during 11 the Internet hype in the 1990s. At about the time that the SMB protocol was renamed 12 to CIFS, an additional dialect of the SMB protocol was in development. The need for the 13 deployment of the NetBIOS layer was also removed, thus paving the way for use of the SMB 14 protocol natively over TCP/IP (known as NetBIOS-less SMB or “<span class="quote"><span class="emphasis"><em>naked</em></span></span>” TCP 15 transport). 16 </p></dd><dt>Common UNIX Printing System</dt><dd><p> 17 A recent implementation of a high-capability printing system for UNIX developed by 18 <a href="http://www.easysw.com/" target="_top">Easy Software Inc.</a> The design objective 19 of CUPS was to provide a rich print processing system that has built-in intelligence 20 that is capable of correctly rendering (processing) a file that is submitted for 21 printing even if it was formatted for an entirely different printer. 22 </p></dd><dt>Domain Master Browser</dt><dd><p> 23 The Domain Master Browser maintains a list of all the servers that 24 have announced their services within a given workgroup or NT domain. 25 </p></dd><dt>Domain Name Service</dt><dd><p> 26 A protocol by which computer hostnames may be resolved to the matching IP address/es. 27 DNS is implemented by the Berkeley Internet Name Daemon. There exists a recent version 28 of DNS that allows dynamic name registration by network clients or by a DHCP server. 29 This recent protocol is known as Dynamic DNS (DDNS). 30 </p></dd><dt>Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol</dt><dd><p> 31 A protocol that was based on the BOOTP protocol that may be used to dynamically assign 32 an IP address, from a reserved pool of addresses, to a network client or device. 33 Additionally, DHCP may assign all network configuration settings and may be used to 34 register a computer name and its address with a Dynamic DNS server. 35 </p></dd><dt>Ethereal</dt><dd><p> 36 A network analyzer, also known as: a network sniffer or a protocol analyzer. Ethereal is 37 freely available for UNIX/Linux and Microsoft Windows systems from 38 <a href="http://www.ethereal.com" target="_top">the Ethereal Web site.</a> 39 </p></dd><dt>Group IDentifier</dt><dd><p> 40 The UNIX system Group Identifier; on older systems, a 32-bit unsigned integer, and on 41 newer systems, an unsigned 64-bit integer. The GID is used in UNIX-like operating systems 42 for all group level access control. 43 </p></dd><dt>Key Distribution Center</dt><dd><p> 44 The Kerberos authentication protocol makes use of security keys (also called a ticket) 45 by which access to network resources is controlled. The issuing of Kerberos tickets 46 is effected by a KDC. 47 </p></dd><dt>Light Weight Directory Access Protocol</dt><dd><p> 48 The Light Weight Directory Access Protocol is a technology that 49 originated from the development of X.500 protocol specifications and 50 implementations. LDAP was designed as a means of rapidly searching 51 through X.500 information. Later LDAP was adapted as an engine that 52 could drive its own directory database. LDAP is not a database per 53 se; rather it is a technology that enables high volume search and 54 locate activity from clients that wish to obtain simply defined 55 information about a sub-set of records that are stored in a 56 database. LDAP does not have a particularly efficient mechanism for 57 storing records in the database, and it has no concept of transaction 58 processing nor of mechanisms for preserving data consistency. LDAP is 59 premised around the notion that the search and read activity far 60 outweigh any need to add, delete, or modify records. LDAP does 61 provide a means for replication of the database so as to keep slave 62 servers up to date with a master. It also has built-in capability to 63 handle external references and deferral. 64 </p></dd><dt>Local Master Browser</dt><dd><p> 65 The Local Master Browser maintains a list of all servers that have announced themselves 66 within a given workgroup or NT domain on a particular broadcast isolated subnet. 67 </p></dd><dt>Media Access Control</dt><dd><p> 68 The hard-coded address of the physical layer device that is attached to the network. 69 All network interface controllers must have a hard-coded and unique MAC address. The 70 MAC address is 48 bits long. 71 </p></dd><dt>NetBIOS Extended User Interface</dt><dd><p> 72 Very simple network protocol invented by IBM and Microsoft. It is used to do NetBIOS 73 over ethernet with low overhead. NetBEUI is a non-routable protocol. 74 </p></dd><dt>Network Address Translation</dt><dd><p> 75 Network address translation is a form of IP address masquerading. It ensures that internal 76 private (RFC1918) network addresses from packets inside the network are rewritten so 77 that TCP/IP packets that leave the server over a public connection are seen to come only 78 from the external network address. 79 </p></dd><dt>Network Basic Input/Output System</dt><dd><p> 80 NetBIOS is a simple application programming interface (API) invented in the 1980s 81 that allows programs to send data to certain network names. NetBIOS is always run over 82 another network protocol such as IPX/SPX, TCP/IP, or Logical Link Control (LLC). 83 NetBIOS run over LLC is best known as NetBEUI (The NetBIOS Extended User Interface 84 a complete misnomer!). 85 </p></dd><dt>NetBT</dt><dd><p> 86 Protocol for transporting NetBIOS frames over TCP/IP. Uses ports 137, 138, and 139. 87 NetBT is a fully routable protocol. 88 </p></dd><dt>NT/LanManager Security Support Provider</dt><dd><p> 89 The NTLM Security Support Provider (NTLMSSP) service in Windows NT4/200x/XP is responsible for 90 handling all NTLM authentication requests. It is the front end for protocols such as SPNEGO, 91 Schannel, and other technologies. The generic protocol family supported by NTLMSSP is known as 92 GSSAPI, the Generic Security Service Application Program Interface specified in RFC2078. 93 </p></dd><dt>Server Message Block</dt><dd><p> 94 SMB was the original name of the protocol spoken by Samba. It was invented in the 1980s 95 by IBM and adopted and extended further by Microsoft. Microsoft renamed the protocol to 96 CIFS during the Internet hype in the 1990s. 97 </p></dd><dt>The Simple and Protected GSS-API Negotiation</dt><dd><p> 98 The purpose of SPNEGO is to allow a client and server to negotiate a security mechanism for 99 authentication. The protocol is specified in RFC2478 and uses tokens as built via ASN.1 DER. 100 DER refers to Distinguished Encoding Rules. These are a set of common rules for creating 101 binary encodings in a platform-independent manner. Samba has support for SPNEGO. 102 </p></dd><dt>The Official Samba-3 HOWTO and Reference Guide</dt><dd><p> 103 This book makes repeated reference to “<span class="quote"><span class="emphasis"><em>The Official Samba-3 HOWTO and Reference Guide</em></span></span>” 104 by John H. Terpstra (Author) and Jelmer R. Vernooij (Author). This publication is available from 105 Amazon.com. Publisher: Prentice Hall PTR (October 2003), 106 ISBN: 0131453556. 107 </p></dd><dt>User IDentifier</dt><dd><p> 108 The UNIX system User Identifier; on older systems, a 32-bit unsigned integer, and on newer systems, 109 an unsigned 64-bit integer. The UID is used in UNIX-like operating systems for all user level access 110 control. 111 </p></dd><dt>Universal Naming Convention</dt><dd><p>A syntax for specifying the location of network resources (such as file shares). 112 The UNC syntax was developed in the early days of MS DOS 3.x and is used internally by the SMB protocol. 113 </p></dd></dl></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="gpl.html">Prev</a>�</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="index.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="ix01.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Appendix�B.�GNU General Public License�</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">�Index</td></tr></table></div></body></html> 114