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32            <h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="autocommit"></a>Auto Commit</h2>
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35        <div></div>
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37      <p>
38            While transactions are frequently used to provide atomicity to
39            multiple database 
40            
41            operations, it is sometimes necessary to perform
42            a single database 
43            
44            operation under the control of a transaction.
45            Rather than force you to obtain a transaction, perform the single 
46            write operation, and then either commit or abort the transaction,
47            you can automatically group this sequence of events using
48            <span class="emphasis"><em>auto commit</em></span>.
49        </p>
50      <p>
51            To use auto commit:
52        </p>
53      <div class="orderedlist">
54        <ol type="1">
55          <li>
56            <p>
57                        Open your environment and your databases 
58                        
59                        so that they support
60                    transactions.  See <a href="enabletxn.html">Enabling Transactions</a> 
61                    for details.
62                </p>
63            <p>
64                    Note that frequently auto commit is used for the environment
65                    or database open.  To use auto commit for either your
66                    environment or database open, specify 
67                    <tt class="literal">DB_AUTO_COMMIT</tt> to the 
68
69                    
70                    <tt class="methodname">DbEnv::set_flags()</tt>
71                    or
72                    
73                    <tt class="methodname">Db::open()</tt>
74                    method. If you specify auto commit for the environment
75                    open, then you do not need to also specify auto commit
76                    for the database open.
77                </p>
78          </li>
79          <li>
80            <p>
81                    Do not provide a transactional handle to the method that is
82                    performing the database 
83                        
84                    write operation.
85                </p>
86          </li>
87        </ol>
88      </div>
89      <p>
90            Note that auto commit is not available for cursors. You must always
91            open your cursor using a transaction if you want the cursor's
92            operations to be transactional protected. See 
93            <a href="txncursor.html">Transactional Cursors</a> for details on using
94            transactional cursors.
95        </p>
96      <p>
97            For example, the following uses auto commit to perform the database write operation:
98        </p>
99      <pre class="programlisting">#include "db_cxx.h"
100
101...
102                                                                                                                                  
103int main(void)
104{
105    u_int32_t env_flags = DB_CREATE     |  // If the environment does not
106                                           // exist, create it.
107                          DB_INIT_LOCK  |  // Initialize locking
108                          DB_INIT_LOG   |  // Initialize logging
109                          DB_INIT_MPOOL |  // Initialize the cache
110                          DB_INIT_TXN;     // Initialize transactions
111
112    u_int32_t db_flags = DB_CREATE | DB_AUTO_COMMIT;
113    Db *dbp = NULL;
114    const char *file_name = "mydb.db";
115    const char *keystr ="thekey";
116    const char *datastr = "thedata";
117                                                                                                                                  
118    std::string envHome("/export1/testEnv");
119    DbEnv myEnv(0);
120
121    try {
122
123        myEnv.open(envHome.c_str(), env_flags, 0);
124        dbp = new Db(&amp;myEnv, 0);
125
126        // Open the database. Note that we are using auto commit for 
127        // the open, so the database is able to support transactions.
128        dbp-&gt;open(NULL,       // Txn pointer
129                  file_name,  // File name
130                  NULL,       // Logical db name */
131                  DB_BTREE,   // Database type (using btree)
132                  db_flags,   // Open flags
133                  0);         // File mode. Using defaults
134
135        Dbt key, data;
136        key.set_data(keystr);
137        key.set_size((strlen(keystr) + 1) * sizeof(char));
138        key.set_data(datastr);
139        key.set_size((strlen(datastr) + 1) * sizeof(char));
140
141        // Perform the write. Because the database was opened to support
142        // auto commit, this write is performed using auto commit.
143        db-&gt;put(NULL, &amp;key, &amp;data, 0);
144
145    } catch(DbException &amp;e) {
146        std::cerr &lt;&lt; "Error opening database and environment: "
147                  &lt;&lt; file_name &lt;&lt; ", "
148                  &lt;&lt; envHome &lt;&lt; std::endl;
149        std::cerr &lt;&lt; e.what() &lt;&lt; std::endl;
150    }
151
152    try {
153        if (dbp != NULL) 
154            dbp-&gt;close(0);
155        myEnv.close(0);
156    } catch(DbException &amp;e) {
157        std::cerr &lt;&lt; "Error closing database and environment: "
158                  &lt;&lt; file_name &lt;&lt; ", "
159                  &lt;&lt; envHome &lt;&lt; std::endl;
160        std::cerr &lt;&lt; e.what() &lt;&lt; std::endl;
161        return (EXIT_FAILURE);
162    }
163
164    return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
165} </pre>
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