1/* 2 * qt-faststart.c, v0.2 3 * by Mike Melanson (melanson@pcisys.net) 4 * This file is placed in the public domain. Use the program however you 5 * see fit. 6 * 7 * This utility rearranges a Quicktime file such that the moov atom 8 * is in front of the data, thus facilitating network streaming. 9 * 10 * To compile this program, start from the base directory from which you 11 * are building FFmpeg and type: 12 * make tools/qt-faststart 13 * The qt-faststart program will be built in the tools/ directory. If you 14 * do not build the program in this manner, correct results are not 15 * guaranteed, particularly on 64-bit platforms. 16 * Invoke the program with: 17 * qt-faststart <infile.mov> <outfile.mov> 18 * 19 * Notes: Quicktime files can come in many configurations of top-level 20 * atoms. This utility stipulates that the very last atom in the file needs 21 * to be a moov atom. When given such a file, this utility will rearrange 22 * the top-level atoms by shifting the moov atom from the back of the file 23 * to the front, and patch the chunk offsets along the way. This utility 24 * presently only operates on uncompressed moov atoms. 25 */ 26 27#include <stdio.h> 28#include <stdlib.h> 29#include <inttypes.h> 30#include <string.h> 31 32#ifdef __MINGW32__ 33#define fseeko(x, y, z) fseeko64(x, y, z) 34#define ftello(x) ftello64(x) 35#elif defined(_WIN32) 36#define fseeko(x, y, z) _fseeki64(x, y, z) 37#define ftello(x) _ftelli64(x) 38#endif 39 40#define MIN(a,b) ((a) > (b) ? (b) : (a)) 41 42#define BE_16(x) ((((uint8_t*)(x))[0] << 8) | ((uint8_t*)(x))[1]) 43 44#define BE_32(x) (((uint32_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[0]) << 24) | \ 45 (((uint8_t*)(x))[1] << 16) | \ 46 (((uint8_t*)(x))[2] << 8) | \ 47 ((uint8_t*)(x))[3]) 48 49#define BE_64(x) (((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[0]) << 56) | \ 50 ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[1]) << 48) | \ 51 ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[2]) << 40) | \ 52 ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[3]) << 32) | \ 53 ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[4]) << 24) | \ 54 ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[5]) << 16) | \ 55 ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[6]) << 8) | \ 56 ((uint64_t)( (uint8_t*)(x))[7])) 57 58#define BE_FOURCC(ch0, ch1, ch2, ch3) \ 59 ( (uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch3) | \ 60 ((uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch2) << 8) | \ 61 ((uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch1) << 16) | \ 62 ((uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch0) << 24) ) 63 64#define QT_ATOM BE_FOURCC 65/* top level atoms */ 66#define FREE_ATOM QT_ATOM('f', 'r', 'e', 'e') 67#define JUNK_ATOM QT_ATOM('j', 'u', 'n', 'k') 68#define MDAT_ATOM QT_ATOM('m', 'd', 'a', 't') 69#define MOOV_ATOM QT_ATOM('m', 'o', 'o', 'v') 70#define PNOT_ATOM QT_ATOM('p', 'n', 'o', 't') 71#define SKIP_ATOM QT_ATOM('s', 'k', 'i', 'p') 72#define WIDE_ATOM QT_ATOM('w', 'i', 'd', 'e') 73#define PICT_ATOM QT_ATOM('P', 'I', 'C', 'T') 74#define FTYP_ATOM QT_ATOM('f', 't', 'y', 'p') 75#define UUID_ATOM QT_ATOM('u', 'u', 'i', 'd') 76 77#define CMOV_ATOM QT_ATOM('c', 'm', 'o', 'v') 78#define STCO_ATOM QT_ATOM('s', 't', 'c', 'o') 79#define CO64_ATOM QT_ATOM('c', 'o', '6', '4') 80 81#define ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE 8 82#define COPY_BUFFER_SIZE 33554432 83 84int main(int argc, char *argv[]) 85{ 86 FILE *infile = NULL; 87 FILE *outfile = NULL; 88 unsigned char atom_bytes[ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE]; 89 uint32_t atom_type = 0; 90 uint64_t atom_size = 0; 91 uint64_t atom_offset = 0; 92 int64_t last_offset; 93 unsigned char *moov_atom = NULL; 94 unsigned char *ftyp_atom = NULL; 95 uint64_t moov_atom_size; 96 uint64_t ftyp_atom_size = 0; 97 uint64_t i, j; 98 uint32_t offset_count; 99 uint64_t current_offset; 100 int64_t start_offset = 0; 101 unsigned char *copy_buffer = NULL; 102 int bytes_to_copy; 103 104 if (argc != 3) { 105 printf("Usage: qt-faststart <infile.mov> <outfile.mov>\n" 106 "Note: alternatively you can use -movflags +faststart in ffmpeg\n"); 107 return 0; 108 } 109 110 if (!strcmp(argv[1], argv[2])) { 111 fprintf(stderr, "input and output files need to be different\n"); 112 return 1; 113 } 114 115 infile = fopen(argv[1], "rb"); 116 if (!infile) { 117 perror(argv[1]); 118 goto error_out; 119 } 120 121 /* traverse through the atoms in the file to make sure that 'moov' is 122 * at the end */ 123 while (!feof(infile)) { 124 if (fread(atom_bytes, ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, 1, infile) != 1) { 125 break; 126 } 127 atom_size = BE_32(&atom_bytes[0]); 128 atom_type = BE_32(&atom_bytes[4]); 129 130 /* keep ftyp atom */ 131 if (atom_type == FTYP_ATOM) { 132 ftyp_atom_size = atom_size; 133 free(ftyp_atom); 134 ftyp_atom = malloc(ftyp_atom_size); 135 if (!ftyp_atom) { 136 printf("could not allocate %"PRIu64" bytes for ftyp atom\n", 137 atom_size); 138 goto error_out; 139 } 140 if (fseeko(infile, -ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, SEEK_CUR) || 141 fread(ftyp_atom, atom_size, 1, infile) != 1 || 142 (start_offset = ftello(infile)) < 0) { 143 perror(argv[1]); 144 goto error_out; 145 } 146 } else { 147 int ret; 148 /* 64-bit special case */ 149 if (atom_size == 1) { 150 if (fread(atom_bytes, ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, 1, infile) != 1) { 151 break; 152 } 153 atom_size = BE_64(&atom_bytes[0]); 154 ret = fseeko(infile, atom_size - ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE * 2, SEEK_CUR); 155 } else { 156 ret = fseeko(infile, atom_size - ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, SEEK_CUR); 157 } 158 if (ret) { 159 perror(argv[1]); 160 goto error_out; 161 } 162 } 163 printf("%c%c%c%c %10"PRIu64" %"PRIu64"\n", 164 (atom_type >> 24) & 255, 165 (atom_type >> 16) & 255, 166 (atom_type >> 8) & 255, 167 (atom_type >> 0) & 255, 168 atom_offset, 169 atom_size); 170 if ((atom_type != FREE_ATOM) && 171 (atom_type != JUNK_ATOM) && 172 (atom_type != MDAT_ATOM) && 173 (atom_type != MOOV_ATOM) && 174 (atom_type != PNOT_ATOM) && 175 (atom_type != SKIP_ATOM) && 176 (atom_type != WIDE_ATOM) && 177 (atom_type != PICT_ATOM) && 178 (atom_type != UUID_ATOM) && 179 (atom_type != FTYP_ATOM)) { 180 printf("encountered non-QT top-level atom (is this a QuickTime file?)\n"); 181 break; 182 } 183 atom_offset += atom_size; 184 185 /* The atom header is 8 (or 16 bytes), if the atom size (which 186 * includes these 8 or 16 bytes) is less than that, we won't be 187 * able to continue scanning sensibly after this atom, so break. */ 188 if (atom_size < 8) 189 break; 190 } 191 192 if (atom_type != MOOV_ATOM) { 193 printf("last atom in file was not a moov atom\n"); 194 free(ftyp_atom); 195 fclose(infile); 196 return 0; 197 } 198 199 /* moov atom was, in fact, the last atom in the chunk; load the whole 200 * moov atom */ 201 if (fseeko(infile, -atom_size, SEEK_END)) { 202 perror(argv[1]); 203 goto error_out; 204 } 205 last_offset = ftello(infile); 206 if (last_offset < 0) { 207 perror(argv[1]); 208 goto error_out; 209 } 210 moov_atom_size = atom_size; 211 moov_atom = malloc(moov_atom_size); 212 if (!moov_atom) { 213 printf("could not allocate %"PRIu64" bytes for moov atom\n", atom_size); 214 goto error_out; 215 } 216 if (fread(moov_atom, atom_size, 1, infile) != 1) { 217 perror(argv[1]); 218 goto error_out; 219 } 220 221 /* this utility does not support compressed atoms yet, so disqualify 222 * files with compressed QT atoms */ 223 if (BE_32(&moov_atom[12]) == CMOV_ATOM) { 224 printf("this utility does not support compressed moov atoms yet\n"); 225 goto error_out; 226 } 227 228 /* close; will be re-opened later */ 229 fclose(infile); 230 infile = NULL; 231 232 /* crawl through the moov chunk in search of stco or co64 atoms */ 233 for (i = 4; i < moov_atom_size - 4; i++) { 234 atom_type = BE_32(&moov_atom[i]); 235 if (atom_type == STCO_ATOM) { 236 printf(" patching stco atom...\n"); 237 atom_size = BE_32(&moov_atom[i - 4]); 238 if (i + atom_size - 4 > moov_atom_size) { 239 printf(" bad atom size\n"); 240 goto error_out; 241 } 242 offset_count = BE_32(&moov_atom[i + 8]); 243 if (i + 12 + offset_count * UINT64_C(4) > moov_atom_size) { 244 printf(" bad atom size/element count\n"); 245 goto error_out; 246 } 247 for (j = 0; j < offset_count; j++) { 248 current_offset = BE_32(&moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4]); 249 current_offset += moov_atom_size; 250 moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 0] = (current_offset >> 24) & 0xFF; 251 moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 1] = (current_offset >> 16) & 0xFF; 252 moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 2] = (current_offset >> 8) & 0xFF; 253 moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 3] = (current_offset >> 0) & 0xFF; 254 } 255 i += atom_size - 4; 256 } else if (atom_type == CO64_ATOM) { 257 printf(" patching co64 atom...\n"); 258 atom_size = BE_32(&moov_atom[i - 4]); 259 if (i + atom_size - 4 > moov_atom_size) { 260 printf(" bad atom size\n"); 261 goto error_out; 262 } 263 offset_count = BE_32(&moov_atom[i + 8]); 264 if (i + 12 + offset_count * UINT64_C(8) > moov_atom_size) { 265 printf(" bad atom size/element count\n"); 266 goto error_out; 267 } 268 for (j = 0; j < offset_count; j++) { 269 current_offset = BE_64(&moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8]); 270 current_offset += moov_atom_size; 271 moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 0] = (current_offset >> 56) & 0xFF; 272 moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 1] = (current_offset >> 48) & 0xFF; 273 moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 2] = (current_offset >> 40) & 0xFF; 274 moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 3] = (current_offset >> 32) & 0xFF; 275 moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 4] = (current_offset >> 24) & 0xFF; 276 moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 5] = (current_offset >> 16) & 0xFF; 277 moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 6] = (current_offset >> 8) & 0xFF; 278 moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 7] = (current_offset >> 0) & 0xFF; 279 } 280 i += atom_size - 4; 281 } 282 } 283 284 /* re-open the input file and open the output file */ 285 infile = fopen(argv[1], "rb"); 286 if (!infile) { 287 perror(argv[1]); 288 goto error_out; 289 } 290 291 if (start_offset > 0) { /* seek after ftyp atom */ 292 if (fseeko(infile, start_offset, SEEK_SET)) { 293 perror(argv[1]); 294 goto error_out; 295 } 296 297 last_offset -= start_offset; 298 } 299 300 outfile = fopen(argv[2], "wb"); 301 if (!outfile) { 302 perror(argv[2]); 303 goto error_out; 304 } 305 306 /* dump the same ftyp atom */ 307 if (ftyp_atom_size > 0) { 308 printf(" writing ftyp atom...\n"); 309 if (fwrite(ftyp_atom, ftyp_atom_size, 1, outfile) != 1) { 310 perror(argv[2]); 311 goto error_out; 312 } 313 } 314 315 /* dump the new moov atom */ 316 printf(" writing moov atom...\n"); 317 if (fwrite(moov_atom, moov_atom_size, 1, outfile) != 1) { 318 perror(argv[2]); 319 goto error_out; 320 } 321 322 /* copy the remainder of the infile, from offset 0 -> last_offset - 1 */ 323 bytes_to_copy = MIN(COPY_BUFFER_SIZE, last_offset); 324 copy_buffer = malloc(bytes_to_copy); 325 if (!copy_buffer) { 326 printf("could not allocate %d bytes for copy_buffer\n", bytes_to_copy); 327 goto error_out; 328 } 329 printf(" copying rest of file...\n"); 330 while (last_offset) { 331 bytes_to_copy = MIN(bytes_to_copy, last_offset); 332 333 if (fread(copy_buffer, bytes_to_copy, 1, infile) != 1) { 334 perror(argv[1]); 335 goto error_out; 336 } 337 if (fwrite(copy_buffer, bytes_to_copy, 1, outfile) != 1) { 338 perror(argv[2]); 339 goto error_out; 340 } 341 last_offset -= bytes_to_copy; 342 } 343 344 fclose(infile); 345 fclose(outfile); 346 free(moov_atom); 347 free(ftyp_atom); 348 free(copy_buffer); 349 350 return 0; 351 352error_out: 353 if (infile) 354 fclose(infile); 355 if (outfile) 356 fclose(outfile); 357 free(moov_atom); 358 free(ftyp_atom); 359 free(copy_buffer); 360 return 1; 361} 362