1/* 2 * qt-faststart.c, v0.2 3 * by Mike Melanson (melanson@pcisys.net) 4 * This file is placed in the public domain. Use the program however you 5 * see fit. 6 * 7 * This utility rearranges a Quicktime file such that the moov atom 8 * is in front of the data, thus facilitating network streaming. 9 * 10 * To compile this program, start from the base directory from which you 11 * are building Libav and type: 12 * make tools/qt-faststart 13 * The qt-faststart program will be built in the tools/ directory. If you 14 * do not build the program in this manner, correct results are not 15 * guaranteed, particularly on 64-bit platforms. 16 * Invoke the program with: 17 * qt-faststart <infile.mov> <outfile.mov> 18 * 19 * Notes: Quicktime files can come in many configurations of top-level 20 * atoms. This utility stipulates that the very last atom in the file needs 21 * to be a moov atom. When given such a file, this utility will rearrange 22 * the top-level atoms by shifting the moov atom from the back of the file 23 * to the front, and patch the chunk offsets along the way. This utility 24 * presently only operates on uncompressed moov atoms. 25 */ 26 27#include <stdio.h> 28#include <stdlib.h> 29#include <inttypes.h> 30#include <string.h> 31 32#ifdef __MINGW32__ 33#define fseeko(x, y, z) fseeko64(x, y, z) 34#define ftello(x) ftello64(x) 35#endif 36 37#define BE_16(x) ((((uint8_t*)(x))[0] << 8) | ((uint8_t*)(x))[1]) 38 39#define BE_32(x) ((((uint8_t*)(x))[0] << 24) | \ 40 (((uint8_t*)(x))[1] << 16) | \ 41 (((uint8_t*)(x))[2] << 8) | \ 42 ((uint8_t*)(x))[3]) 43 44#define BE_64(x) (((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[0]) << 56) | \ 45 ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[1]) << 48) | \ 46 ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[2]) << 40) | \ 47 ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[3]) << 32) | \ 48 ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[4]) << 24) | \ 49 ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[5]) << 16) | \ 50 ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[6]) << 8) | \ 51 ((uint64_t)( (uint8_t*)(x))[7])) 52 53#define BE_FOURCC(ch0, ch1, ch2, ch3) \ 54 ( (uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch3) | \ 55 ((uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch2) << 8) | \ 56 ((uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch1) << 16) | \ 57 ((uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch0) << 24) ) 58 59#define QT_ATOM BE_FOURCC 60/* top level atoms */ 61#define FREE_ATOM QT_ATOM('f', 'r', 'e', 'e') 62#define JUNK_ATOM QT_ATOM('j', 'u', 'n', 'k') 63#define MDAT_ATOM QT_ATOM('m', 'd', 'a', 't') 64#define MOOV_ATOM QT_ATOM('m', 'o', 'o', 'v') 65#define PNOT_ATOM QT_ATOM('p', 'n', 'o', 't') 66#define SKIP_ATOM QT_ATOM('s', 'k', 'i', 'p') 67#define WIDE_ATOM QT_ATOM('w', 'i', 'd', 'e') 68#define PICT_ATOM QT_ATOM('P', 'I', 'C', 'T') 69#define FTYP_ATOM QT_ATOM('f', 't', 'y', 'p') 70#define UUID_ATOM QT_ATOM('u', 'u', 'i', 'd') 71 72#define CMOV_ATOM QT_ATOM('c', 'm', 'o', 'v') 73#define STCO_ATOM QT_ATOM('s', 't', 'c', 'o') 74#define CO64_ATOM QT_ATOM('c', 'o', '6', '4') 75 76#define ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE 8 77#define COPY_BUFFER_SIZE 1024 78 79int main(int argc, char *argv[]) 80{ 81 FILE *infile = NULL; 82 FILE *outfile = NULL; 83 unsigned char atom_bytes[ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE]; 84 uint32_t atom_type = 0; 85 uint64_t atom_size = 0; 86 uint64_t atom_offset = 0; 87 uint64_t last_offset; 88 unsigned char *moov_atom = NULL; 89 unsigned char *ftyp_atom = NULL; 90 uint64_t moov_atom_size; 91 uint64_t ftyp_atom_size = 0; 92 uint64_t i, j; 93 uint32_t offset_count; 94 uint64_t current_offset; 95 uint64_t start_offset = 0; 96 unsigned char copy_buffer[COPY_BUFFER_SIZE]; 97 int bytes_to_copy; 98 99 if (argc != 3) { 100 printf("Usage: qt-faststart <infile.mov> <outfile.mov>\n"); 101 return 0; 102 } 103 104 if (!strcmp(argv[1], argv[2])) { 105 fprintf(stderr, "input and output files need to be different\n"); 106 return 1; 107 } 108 109 infile = fopen(argv[1], "rb"); 110 if (!infile) { 111 perror(argv[1]); 112 goto error_out; 113 } 114 115 /* traverse through the atoms in the file to make sure that 'moov' is 116 * at the end */ 117 while (!feof(infile)) { 118 if (fread(atom_bytes, ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, 1, infile) != 1) { 119 break; 120 } 121 atom_size = (uint32_t) BE_32(&atom_bytes[0]); 122 atom_type = BE_32(&atom_bytes[4]); 123 124 /* keep ftyp atom */ 125 if (atom_type == FTYP_ATOM) { 126 ftyp_atom_size = atom_size; 127 free(ftyp_atom); 128 ftyp_atom = malloc(ftyp_atom_size); 129 if (!ftyp_atom) { 130 printf("could not allocate %"PRIu64" bytes for ftyp atom\n", 131 atom_size); 132 goto error_out; 133 } 134 fseeko(infile, -ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, SEEK_CUR); 135 if (fread(ftyp_atom, atom_size, 1, infile) != 1) { 136 perror(argv[1]); 137 goto error_out; 138 } 139 start_offset = ftello(infile); 140 } else { 141 142 /* 64-bit special case */ 143 if (atom_size == 1) { 144 if (fread(atom_bytes, ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, 1, infile) != 1) { 145 break; 146 } 147 atom_size = BE_64(&atom_bytes[0]); 148 fseeko(infile, atom_size - ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE * 2, SEEK_CUR); 149 } else { 150 fseeko(infile, atom_size - ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, SEEK_CUR); 151 } 152 } 153 printf("%c%c%c%c %10"PRIu64" %"PRIu64"\n", 154 (atom_type >> 24) & 255, 155 (atom_type >> 16) & 255, 156 (atom_type >> 8) & 255, 157 (atom_type >> 0) & 255, 158 atom_offset, 159 atom_size); 160 if ((atom_type != FREE_ATOM) && 161 (atom_type != JUNK_ATOM) && 162 (atom_type != MDAT_ATOM) && 163 (atom_type != MOOV_ATOM) && 164 (atom_type != PNOT_ATOM) && 165 (atom_type != SKIP_ATOM) && 166 (atom_type != WIDE_ATOM) && 167 (atom_type != PICT_ATOM) && 168 (atom_type != UUID_ATOM) && 169 (atom_type != FTYP_ATOM)) { 170 printf("encountered non-QT top-level atom (is this a QuickTime file?)\n"); 171 break; 172 } 173 atom_offset += atom_size; 174 175 /* The atom header is 8 (or 16 bytes), if the atom size (which 176 * includes these 8 or 16 bytes) is less than that, we won't be 177 * able to continue scanning sensibly after this atom, so break. */ 178 if (atom_size < 8) 179 break; 180 } 181 182 if (atom_type != MOOV_ATOM) { 183 printf("last atom in file was not a moov atom\n"); 184 free(ftyp_atom); 185 fclose(infile); 186 return 0; 187 } 188 189 /* moov atom was, in fact, the last atom in the chunk; load the whole 190 * moov atom */ 191 fseeko(infile, -atom_size, SEEK_END); 192 last_offset = ftello(infile); 193 moov_atom_size = atom_size; 194 moov_atom = malloc(moov_atom_size); 195 if (!moov_atom) { 196 printf("could not allocate %"PRIu64" bytes for moov atom\n", atom_size); 197 goto error_out; 198 } 199 if (fread(moov_atom, atom_size, 1, infile) != 1) { 200 perror(argv[1]); 201 goto error_out; 202 } 203 204 /* this utility does not support compressed atoms yet, so disqualify 205 * files with compressed QT atoms */ 206 if (BE_32(&moov_atom[12]) == CMOV_ATOM) { 207 printf("this utility does not support compressed moov atoms yet\n"); 208 goto error_out; 209 } 210 211 /* close; will be re-opened later */ 212 fclose(infile); 213 infile = NULL; 214 215 /* crawl through the moov chunk in search of stco or co64 atoms */ 216 for (i = 4; i < moov_atom_size - 4; i++) { 217 atom_type = BE_32(&moov_atom[i]); 218 if (atom_type == STCO_ATOM) { 219 printf(" patching stco atom...\n"); 220 atom_size = BE_32(&moov_atom[i - 4]); 221 if (i + atom_size - 4 > moov_atom_size) { 222 printf(" bad atom size\n"); 223 goto error_out; 224 } 225 offset_count = BE_32(&moov_atom[i + 8]); 226 for (j = 0; j < offset_count; j++) { 227 current_offset = BE_32(&moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4]); 228 current_offset += moov_atom_size; 229 moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 0] = (current_offset >> 24) & 0xFF; 230 moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 1] = (current_offset >> 16) & 0xFF; 231 moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 2] = (current_offset >> 8) & 0xFF; 232 moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 3] = (current_offset >> 0) & 0xFF; 233 } 234 i += atom_size - 4; 235 } else if (atom_type == CO64_ATOM) { 236 printf(" patching co64 atom...\n"); 237 atom_size = BE_32(&moov_atom[i - 4]); 238 if (i + atom_size - 4 > moov_atom_size) { 239 printf(" bad atom size\n"); 240 goto error_out; 241 } 242 offset_count = BE_32(&moov_atom[i + 8]); 243 for (j = 0; j < offset_count; j++) { 244 current_offset = BE_64(&moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8]); 245 current_offset += moov_atom_size; 246 moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 0] = (current_offset >> 56) & 0xFF; 247 moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 1] = (current_offset >> 48) & 0xFF; 248 moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 2] = (current_offset >> 40) & 0xFF; 249 moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 3] = (current_offset >> 32) & 0xFF; 250 moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 4] = (current_offset >> 24) & 0xFF; 251 moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 5] = (current_offset >> 16) & 0xFF; 252 moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 6] = (current_offset >> 8) & 0xFF; 253 moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 7] = (current_offset >> 0) & 0xFF; 254 } 255 i += atom_size - 4; 256 } 257 } 258 259 /* re-open the input file and open the output file */ 260 infile = fopen(argv[1], "rb"); 261 if (!infile) { 262 perror(argv[1]); 263 goto error_out; 264 } 265 266 if (start_offset > 0) { /* seek after ftyp atom */ 267 fseeko(infile, start_offset, SEEK_SET); 268 last_offset -= start_offset; 269 } 270 271 outfile = fopen(argv[2], "wb"); 272 if (!outfile) { 273 perror(argv[2]); 274 goto error_out; 275 } 276 277 /* dump the same ftyp atom */ 278 if (ftyp_atom_size > 0) { 279 printf(" writing ftyp atom...\n"); 280 if (fwrite(ftyp_atom, ftyp_atom_size, 1, outfile) != 1) { 281 perror(argv[2]); 282 goto error_out; 283 } 284 } 285 286 /* dump the new moov atom */ 287 printf(" writing moov atom...\n"); 288 if (fwrite(moov_atom, moov_atom_size, 1, outfile) != 1) { 289 perror(argv[2]); 290 goto error_out; 291 } 292 293 /* copy the remainder of the infile, from offset 0 -> last_offset - 1 */ 294 printf(" copying rest of file...\n"); 295 while (last_offset) { 296 if (last_offset > COPY_BUFFER_SIZE) 297 bytes_to_copy = COPY_BUFFER_SIZE; 298 else 299 bytes_to_copy = last_offset; 300 301 if (fread(copy_buffer, bytes_to_copy, 1, infile) != 1) { 302 perror(argv[1]); 303 goto error_out; 304 } 305 if (fwrite(copy_buffer, bytes_to_copy, 1, outfile) != 1) { 306 perror(argv[2]); 307 goto error_out; 308 } 309 last_offset -= bytes_to_copy; 310 } 311 312 fclose(infile); 313 fclose(outfile); 314 free(moov_atom); 315 free(ftyp_atom); 316 317 return 0; 318 319error_out: 320 if (infile) 321 fclose(infile); 322 if (outfile) 323 fclose(outfile); 324 free(moov_atom); 325 free(ftyp_atom); 326 return 1; 327} 328