1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> 2<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Generalized Operations</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, library" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, runtime, library" /><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The GNU C++ Library" /><link rel="up" href="numerics.html" title="Chapter��12.�� Numerics" /><link rel="prev" href="numerics.html" title="Chapter��12.�� Numerics" /><link rel="next" href="numerics_and_c.html" title="Interacting with C" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Generalized Operations</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="numerics.html">Prev</a>��</td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter��12.�� 3 Numerics 4 5</th><td width="20%" align="right">��<a accesskey="n" href="numerics_and_c.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="std.numerics.generalized_ops"></a>Generalized Operations</h2></div></div></div><p> 6 </p><p>There are four generalized functions in the <numeric> header 7 that follow the same conventions as those in <algorithm>. Each 8 of them is overloaded: one signature for common default operations, 9 and a second for fully general operations. Their names are 10 self-explanatory to anyone who works with numerics on a regular basis: 11 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p><code class="code">accumulate</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="code">inner_product</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="code">partial_sum</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="code">adjacent_difference</code></p></li></ul></div><p>Here is a simple example of the two forms of <code class="code">accumulate</code>. 12 </p><pre class="programlisting"> 13 int ar[50]; 14 int someval = somefunction(); 15 16 // ...initialize members of ar to something... 17 18 int sum = std::accumulate(ar,ar+50,0); 19 int sum_stuff = std::accumulate(ar,ar+50,someval); 20 int product = std::accumulate(ar,ar+50,1,std::multiplies<int>()); 21 </pre><p>The first call adds all the members of the array, using zero as an 22 initial value for <code class="code">sum</code>. The second does the same, but uses 23 <code class="code">someval</code> as the starting value (thus, <code class="code">sum_stuff == sum + 24 someval</code>). The final call uses the second of the two signatures, 25 and multiplies all the members of the array; here we must obviously 26 use 1 as a starting value instead of 0. 27 </p><p>The other three functions have similar dual-signature forms. 28 </p></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="numerics.html">Prev</a>��</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="numerics.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right">��<a accesskey="n" href="numerics_and_c.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter��12.�� 29 Numerics 30 31��</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">��Interacting with C</td></tr></table></div></body></html>