1/* Language-level data type conversion for GNU C++.
2   Copyright (C) 1987-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3   Hacked by Michael Tiemann (tiemann@cygnus.com)
4
5This file is part of GCC.
6
7GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
10any later version.
11
12GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
15GNU General Public License for more details.
16
17You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18along with GCC; see the file COPYING3.  If not see
19<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
20
21
22/* This file contains the functions for converting C++ expressions
23   to different data types.  The only entry point is `convert'.
24   Every language front end must have a `convert' function
25   but what kind of conversions it does will depend on the language.  */
26
27#include "config.h"
28#include "system.h"
29#include "coretypes.h"
30#include "target.h"
31#include "cp-tree.h"
32#include "stor-layout.h"
33#include "flags.h"
34#include "intl.h"
35#include "convert.h"
36#include "stringpool.h"
37#include "attribs.h"
38#include "escaped_string.h"
39
40static tree convert_to_pointer_force (tree, tree, tsubst_flags_t);
41static tree build_type_conversion (tree, tree);
42static tree build_up_reference (tree, tree, int, tree, tsubst_flags_t);
43static void diagnose_ref_binding (location_t, tree, tree, tree);
44
45/* Change of width--truncation and extension of integers or reals--
46   is represented with NOP_EXPR.  Proper functioning of many things
47   assumes that no other conversions can be NOP_EXPRs.
48
49   Conversion between integer and pointer is represented with CONVERT_EXPR.
50   Converting integer to real uses FLOAT_EXPR
51   and real to integer uses FIX_TRUNC_EXPR.
52
53   Here is a list of all the functions that assume that widening and
54   narrowing is always done with a NOP_EXPR:
55     In convert.cc, convert_to_integer[_maybe_fold].
56     In c-typeck.cc, build_binary_op_nodefault (boolean ops),
57	and c_common_truthvalue_conversion.
58     In expr.cc: expand_expr, for operands of a MULT_EXPR.
59     In fold-const.cc: fold.
60     In tree.cc: get_narrower and get_unwidened.
61
62   C++: in multiple-inheritance, converting between pointers may involve
63   adjusting them by a delta stored within the class definition.  */
64
65/* Subroutines of `convert'.  */
66
67/* if converting pointer to pointer
68     if dealing with classes, check for derived->base or vice versa
69     else if dealing with method pointers, delegate
70     else convert blindly
71   else if converting class, pass off to build_type_conversion
72   else try C-style pointer conversion.  */
73
74static tree
75cp_convert_to_pointer (tree type, tree expr, bool dofold,
76		       tsubst_flags_t complain)
77{
78  tree intype = TREE_TYPE (expr);
79  enum tree_code form;
80  tree rval;
81  location_t loc = cp_expr_loc_or_input_loc (expr);
82
83  if (intype == error_mark_node)
84    return error_mark_node;
85
86  if (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (intype))
87    {
88      intype = complete_type (intype);
89      if (!COMPLETE_TYPE_P (intype))
90	{
91	  if (complain & tf_error)
92	    error_at (loc, "cannot convert from incomplete type %qH to %qI",
93		      intype, type);
94	  return error_mark_node;
95	}
96
97      rval = build_type_conversion (type, expr);
98      if (rval)
99	{
100	  if ((complain & tf_error)
101	      && rval == error_mark_node)
102	    error_at (loc, "conversion of %qE from %qH to %qI is ambiguous",
103		      expr, intype, type);
104	  return rval;
105	}
106    }
107
108  /* Handle anachronistic conversions from (::*)() to cv void* or (*)().  */
109  if (TYPE_PTR_P (type)
110      && (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (type)) == FUNCTION_TYPE
111	  || VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (type))))
112    {
113      if (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (intype)
114	  || TREE_CODE (intype) == METHOD_TYPE)
115	return convert_member_func_to_ptr (type, expr, complain);
116      if (TYPE_PTR_P (TREE_TYPE (expr)))
117	return build_nop (type, expr);
118      intype = TREE_TYPE (expr);
119    }
120
121  if (expr == error_mark_node)
122    return error_mark_node;
123
124  form = TREE_CODE (intype);
125
126  if (INDIRECT_TYPE_P (intype))
127    {
128      intype = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (intype);
129
130      if (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type) != intype
131	  && TYPE_PTR_P (type)
132	  && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (type)) == RECORD_TYPE
133	  && MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (type))
134	  && MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (intype))
135	  && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (intype)) == RECORD_TYPE)
136	{
137	  enum tree_code code = PLUS_EXPR;
138	  tree binfo;
139	  tree intype_class;
140	  tree type_class;
141	  bool same_p;
142
143	  intype_class = TREE_TYPE (intype);
144	  type_class = TREE_TYPE (type);
145
146	  same_p = same_type_p (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (intype_class),
147				TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type_class));
148	  binfo = NULL_TREE;
149	  /* Try derived to base conversion.  */
150	  if (!same_p)
151	    binfo = lookup_base (intype_class, type_class, ba_check,
152				 NULL, complain);
153	  if (!same_p && !binfo)
154	    {
155	      /* Try base to derived conversion.  */
156	      binfo = lookup_base (type_class, intype_class, ba_check,
157				   NULL, complain);
158	      code = MINUS_EXPR;
159	    }
160	  if (binfo == error_mark_node)
161	    return error_mark_node;
162	  if (binfo || same_p)
163	    {
164	      if (binfo)
165		expr = build_base_path (code, expr, binfo, 0, complain);
166	      /* Add any qualifier conversions.  */
167	      return build_nop (type, expr);
168	    }
169	}
170
171      if (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (type))
172	{
173	  if (complain & tf_error)
174	    error_at (loc, "cannot convert %qE from type %qH to type %qI",
175		      expr, intype, type);
176	  return error_mark_node;
177	}
178
179      return build_nop (type, expr);
180    }
181  else if ((TYPE_PTRDATAMEM_P (type) && TYPE_PTRDATAMEM_P (intype))
182	   || (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (type) && TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (intype)))
183    return convert_ptrmem (type, expr, /*allow_inverse_p=*/false,
184			   /*c_cast_p=*/false, complain);
185  else if (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (intype))
186    {
187      if (!warn_pmf2ptr)
188	{
189	  if (TREE_CODE (expr) == PTRMEM_CST)
190	    return cp_convert_to_pointer (type, PTRMEM_CST_MEMBER (expr),
191					  dofold, complain);
192	  else if (TREE_CODE (expr) == OFFSET_REF)
193	    {
194	      tree object = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
195	      return get_member_function_from_ptrfunc (&object,
196						       TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1),
197						       complain);
198	    }
199	}
200      if (complain & tf_error)
201	error_at (loc, "cannot convert %qE from type %qH to type %qI",
202		  expr, intype, type);
203      return error_mark_node;
204    }
205
206  if (null_ptr_cst_p (expr))
207    {
208      if (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (type))
209	return build_ptrmemfunc (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_FN_TYPE (type), expr, 0,
210				 /*c_cast_p=*/false, complain);
211
212      if (complain & tf_warning)
213	maybe_warn_zero_as_null_pointer_constant (expr, loc);
214
215      /* A NULL pointer-to-data-member is represented by -1, not by
216	 zero.  */
217      tree val = (TYPE_PTRDATAMEM_P (type)
218		  ? build_int_cst_type (type, -1)
219		  : build_int_cst (type, 0));
220
221      return (TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (expr)
222	      ? build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR, type, expr, val) : val);
223    }
224  else if (TYPE_PTRMEM_P (type) && INTEGRAL_CODE_P (form))
225    {
226      if (complain & tf_error)
227	error_at (loc, "invalid conversion from %qH to %qI", intype, type);
228      return error_mark_node;
229    }
230
231  if (INTEGRAL_CODE_P (form))
232    {
233      if (TYPE_PRECISION (intype) == POINTER_SIZE)
234	return build1 (CONVERT_EXPR, type, expr);
235      expr = cp_convert (c_common_type_for_size (TYPE_PRECISION (type), 0), expr,
236			 complain);
237      /* Modes may be different but sizes should be the same.  There
238	 is supposed to be some integral type that is the same width
239	 as a pointer.  */
240      gcc_assert (GET_MODE_SIZE (SCALAR_INT_TYPE_MODE (TREE_TYPE (expr)))
241		  == GET_MODE_SIZE (SCALAR_INT_TYPE_MODE (type)));
242
243      /* FIXME needed because convert_to_pointer_maybe_fold still folds
244	 conversion of constants.  */
245      if (!dofold)
246	return build1 (CONVERT_EXPR, type, expr);
247
248      return convert_to_pointer_maybe_fold (type, expr, dofold);
249    }
250
251  if (type_unknown_p (expr))
252    return instantiate_type (type, expr, complain);
253
254  if (complain & tf_error)
255    error_at (loc, "cannot convert %qE from type %qH to type %qI",
256	      expr, intype, type);
257  return error_mark_node;
258}
259
260/* Like convert, except permit conversions to take place which
261   are not normally allowed due to access restrictions
262   (such as conversion from sub-type to private super-type).  */
263
264static tree
265convert_to_pointer_force (tree type, tree expr, tsubst_flags_t complain)
266{
267  tree intype = TREE_TYPE (expr);
268  enum tree_code form = TREE_CODE (intype);
269
270  if (form == POINTER_TYPE)
271    {
272      intype = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (intype);
273
274      if (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type) != intype
275	  && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (type)) == RECORD_TYPE
276	  && MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (type))
277	  && MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (intype))
278	  && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (intype)) == RECORD_TYPE)
279	{
280	  enum tree_code code = PLUS_EXPR;
281	  tree binfo;
282
283	  binfo = lookup_base (TREE_TYPE (intype), TREE_TYPE (type),
284			       ba_unique, NULL, complain);
285	  if (!binfo)
286	    {
287	      binfo = lookup_base (TREE_TYPE (type), TREE_TYPE (intype),
288				   ba_unique, NULL, complain);
289	      code = MINUS_EXPR;
290	    }
291	  if (binfo == error_mark_node)
292	    return error_mark_node;
293	  if (binfo)
294	    {
295	      expr = build_base_path (code, expr, binfo, 0, complain);
296	      if (expr == error_mark_node)
297		 return error_mark_node;
298	      /* Add any qualifier conversions.  */
299	      if (!same_type_p (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (expr)),
300				TREE_TYPE (type)))
301		expr = build_nop (type, expr);
302	      return expr;
303	    }
304	}
305    }
306
307  return cp_convert_to_pointer (type, expr, /*fold*/false, complain);
308}
309
310/* We are passing something to a function which requires a reference.
311   The type we are interested in is in TYPE. The initial
312   value we have to begin with is in ARG.
313
314   FLAGS controls how we manage access checking.
315   DIRECT_BIND in FLAGS controls how any temporaries are generated.
316     If DIRECT_BIND is set, DECL is the reference we're binding to.  */
317
318static tree
319build_up_reference (tree type, tree arg, int flags, tree decl,
320		    tsubst_flags_t complain)
321{
322  tree rval;
323  tree argtype = TREE_TYPE (arg);
324  tree target_type = TREE_TYPE (type);
325
326  gcc_assert (TYPE_REF_P (type));
327
328  if ((flags & DIRECT_BIND) && ! lvalue_p (arg))
329    {
330      /* Create a new temporary variable.  We can't just use a TARGET_EXPR
331	 here because it needs to live as long as DECL.  */
332      tree targ = arg;
333
334      arg = make_temporary_var_for_ref_to_temp (decl, target_type);
335
336      /* Process the initializer for the declaration.  */
337      DECL_INITIAL (arg) = targ;
338      cp_finish_decl (arg, targ, /*init_const_expr_p=*/false, NULL_TREE,
339		      LOOKUP_ONLYCONVERTING|DIRECT_BIND);
340    }
341  else if (!(flags & DIRECT_BIND) && ! obvalue_p (arg))
342    return get_target_expr_sfinae (arg, complain);
343
344  /* If we had a way to wrap this up, and say, if we ever needed its
345     address, transform all occurrences of the register, into a memory
346     reference we could win better.  */
347  rval = cp_build_addr_expr (arg, complain);
348  if (rval == error_mark_node)
349    return error_mark_node;
350
351  if ((flags & LOOKUP_PROTECT)
352      && TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (argtype) != TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (target_type)
353      && MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (argtype)
354      && MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (target_type))
355    {
356      /* We go through lookup_base for the access control.  */
357      tree binfo = lookup_base (argtype, target_type, ba_check,
358				NULL, complain);
359      if (binfo == error_mark_node)
360	return error_mark_node;
361      if (binfo == NULL_TREE)
362	return error_not_base_type (target_type, argtype);
363      rval = build_base_path (PLUS_EXPR, rval, binfo, 1, complain);
364    }
365  else
366    rval
367      = convert_to_pointer_force (build_pointer_type (target_type),
368				  rval, complain);
369  return build_nop (type, rval);
370}
371
372/* Subroutine of convert_to_reference. REFTYPE is the target reference type.
373   INTYPE is the original rvalue type and DECL is an optional _DECL node
374   for diagnostics.
375
376   [dcl.init.ref] says that if an rvalue is used to
377   initialize a reference, then the reference must be to a
378   non-volatile const type.  */
379
380static void
381diagnose_ref_binding (location_t loc, tree reftype, tree intype, tree decl)
382{
383  tree ttl = TREE_TYPE (reftype);
384
385  if (!TYPE_REF_IS_RVALUE (reftype)
386      && !CP_TYPE_CONST_NON_VOLATILE_P (ttl))
387    {
388      const char *msg;
389
390      if (CP_TYPE_VOLATILE_P (ttl) && decl)
391	msg = G_("initialization of volatile reference type %q#T from "
392	         "rvalue of type %qT");
393      else if (CP_TYPE_VOLATILE_P (ttl))
394	msg = G_("conversion to volatile reference type %q#T "
395	         "from rvalue of type %qT");
396      else if (decl)
397	msg = G_("initialization of non-const reference type %q#T from "
398	         "rvalue of type %qT");
399      else
400	msg = G_("conversion to non-const reference type %q#T from "
401	         "rvalue of type %qT");
402
403      permerror (loc, msg, reftype, intype);
404    }
405}
406
407/* For C++: Only need to do one-level references, but cannot
408   get tripped up on signed/unsigned differences.
409
410   DECL is either NULL_TREE or the _DECL node for a reference that is being
411   initialized.  It can be error_mark_node if we don't know the _DECL but
412   we know it's an initialization.  */
413
414tree
415convert_to_reference (tree reftype, tree expr, int convtype,
416		      int flags, tree decl, tsubst_flags_t complain)
417{
418  tree type = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (TREE_TYPE (reftype));
419  tree intype;
420  tree rval = NULL_TREE;
421  tree rval_as_conversion = NULL_TREE;
422  bool can_convert_intype_to_type;
423  location_t loc = cp_expr_loc_or_input_loc (expr);
424
425  if (TREE_CODE (type) == FUNCTION_TYPE
426      && TREE_TYPE (expr) == unknown_type_node)
427    expr = instantiate_type (type, expr, complain);
428
429  if (expr == error_mark_node)
430    return error_mark_node;
431
432  intype = TREE_TYPE (expr);
433
434  gcc_assert (!TYPE_REF_P (intype));
435  gcc_assert (TYPE_REF_P (reftype));
436
437  intype = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (intype);
438
439  can_convert_intype_to_type = can_convert_standard (type, intype, complain);
440
441  if (!can_convert_intype_to_type
442      && (convtype & CONV_IMPLICIT) && MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (intype)
443      && ! (flags & LOOKUP_NO_CONVERSION))
444    {
445      /* Look for a user-defined conversion to lvalue that we can use.  */
446
447      rval_as_conversion
448	= build_type_conversion (reftype, expr);
449
450      if (rval_as_conversion && rval_as_conversion != error_mark_node
451	  && lvalue_p (rval_as_conversion))
452	{
453	  expr = rval_as_conversion;
454	  rval_as_conversion = NULL_TREE;
455	  intype = type;
456	  can_convert_intype_to_type = 1;
457	}
458    }
459
460  if (((convtype & CONV_STATIC)
461       && can_convert_standard (intype, type, complain))
462      || ((convtype & CONV_IMPLICIT) && can_convert_intype_to_type))
463    {
464      {
465	tree ttl = TREE_TYPE (reftype);
466	tree ttr = lvalue_type (expr);
467
468	if ((complain & tf_error)
469	    && ! lvalue_p (expr))
470	  diagnose_ref_binding (loc, reftype, intype, decl);
471
472	if (! (convtype & CONV_CONST)
473	    && !at_least_as_qualified_p (ttl, ttr))
474	  {
475	    if (complain & tf_error)
476	      permerror (loc, "conversion from %qH to %qI discards qualifiers",
477			 ttr, reftype);
478	    else
479	      return error_mark_node;
480	  }
481      }
482
483      return build_up_reference (reftype, expr, flags, decl, complain);
484    }
485  else if ((convtype & CONV_REINTERPRET) && obvalue_p (expr))
486    {
487      /* When casting an lvalue to a reference type, just convert into
488	 a pointer to the new type and deference it.  This is allowed
489	 by San Diego WP section 5.2.9 paragraph 12, though perhaps it
490	 should be done directly (jason).  (int &)ri ---> *(int*)&ri */
491
492      /* B* bp; A& ar = (A&)bp; is valid, but it's probably not what they
493	 meant.  */
494      if ((complain & tf_warning)
495	  && TYPE_PTR_P (intype)
496	  && (comptypes (TREE_TYPE (intype), type,
497			 COMPARE_BASE | COMPARE_DERIVED)))
498	warning_at (loc, 0, "casting %qT to %qT does not dereference pointer",
499		    intype, reftype);
500
501      rval = cp_build_addr_expr (expr, complain);
502      if (rval != error_mark_node)
503	rval = convert_force (build_pointer_type (TREE_TYPE (reftype)),
504			      rval, 0, complain);
505      if (rval != error_mark_node)
506	rval = build1 (NOP_EXPR, reftype, rval);
507    }
508  else
509    {
510      rval = convert_for_initialization (NULL_TREE, type, expr, flags,
511					 ICR_CONVERTING, 0, 0, complain);
512      if (rval == NULL_TREE || rval == error_mark_node)
513	return rval;
514      if (complain & tf_error)
515	diagnose_ref_binding (loc, reftype, intype, decl);
516      rval = build_up_reference (reftype, rval, flags, decl, complain);
517    }
518
519  if (rval)
520    {
521      /* If we found a way to convert earlier, then use it.  */
522      return rval;
523    }
524
525  if (complain & tf_error)
526    error_at (loc, "cannot convert type %qH to type %qI", intype, reftype);
527
528  return error_mark_node;
529}
530
531/* We are using a reference VAL for its value. Bash that reference all the
532   way down to its lowest form.  */
533
534tree
535convert_from_reference (tree val)
536{
537  if (TREE_TYPE (val)
538      && TYPE_REF_P (TREE_TYPE (val)))
539    {
540      tree t = TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (val));
541      tree ref = build1 (INDIRECT_REF, t, val);
542
543      mark_exp_read (val);
544       /* We *must* set TREE_READONLY when dereferencing a pointer to const,
545	  so that we get the proper error message if the result is used
546	  to assign to.  Also, &* is supposed to be a no-op.  */
547      TREE_READONLY (ref) = CP_TYPE_CONST_P (t);
548      TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (ref) = CP_TYPE_VOLATILE_P (t);
549      TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (ref)
550	= (TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (ref) || TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (val));
551      val = ref;
552    }
553
554  return val;
555}
556
557/* Really perform an lvalue-to-rvalue conversion, including copying an
558   argument of class type into a temporary.  */
559
560tree
561force_rvalue (tree expr, tsubst_flags_t complain)
562{
563  tree type = TREE_TYPE (expr);
564  if (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (type) && TREE_CODE (expr) != TARGET_EXPR)
565    {
566      releasing_vec args (make_tree_vector_single (expr));
567      expr = build_special_member_call (NULL_TREE, complete_ctor_identifier,
568					&args, type, LOOKUP_NORMAL, complain);
569      expr = build_cplus_new (type, expr, complain);
570    }
571  else
572    expr = decay_conversion (expr, complain);
573
574  return expr;
575}
576
577
578/* If EXPR and ORIG are INTEGER_CSTs, return a version of EXPR that has
579   TREE_OVERFLOW set only if it is set in ORIG.  Otherwise, return EXPR
580   unchanged.  */
581
582static tree
583ignore_overflows (tree expr, tree orig)
584{
585  tree stripped_expr = tree_strip_any_location_wrapper (expr);
586  tree stripped_orig = tree_strip_any_location_wrapper (orig);
587
588  if (TREE_CODE (stripped_expr) == INTEGER_CST
589      && TREE_CODE (stripped_orig) == INTEGER_CST
590      && TREE_OVERFLOW (stripped_expr) != TREE_OVERFLOW (stripped_orig))
591    {
592      gcc_assert (!TREE_OVERFLOW (stripped_orig));
593      /* Ensure constant sharing.  */
594      stripped_expr = wide_int_to_tree (TREE_TYPE (stripped_expr),
595					wi::to_wide (stripped_expr));
596    }
597
598  return preserve_any_location_wrapper (stripped_expr, expr);
599}
600
601/* Fold away simple conversions, but make sure TREE_OVERFLOW is set
602   properly and propagate TREE_NO_WARNING if folding EXPR results
603   in the same expression code.  */
604
605tree
606cp_fold_convert (tree type, tree expr)
607{
608  tree conv;
609  if (TREE_TYPE (expr) == type)
610    conv = expr;
611  else if (TREE_CODE (expr) == PTRMEM_CST
612	   && same_type_p (TYPE_PTRMEM_CLASS_TYPE (type),
613			   PTRMEM_CST_CLASS (expr)))
614    {
615      /* Avoid wrapping a PTRMEM_CST in NOP_EXPR.  */
616      conv = copy_node (expr);
617      TREE_TYPE (conv) = type;
618    }
619  else if (TYPE_PTRMEM_P (type))
620    {
621      conv = convert_ptrmem (type, expr, true, false,
622			     tf_warning_or_error);
623      conv = cp_fully_fold (conv);
624    }
625  else
626    {
627      conv = fold_convert (type, expr);
628      conv = ignore_overflows (conv, expr);
629    }
630
631  if (TREE_CODE (expr) == TREE_CODE (conv))
632    copy_warning (conv, expr);
633
634  return conv;
635}
636
637/* C++ conversions, preference to static cast conversions.  */
638
639tree
640cp_convert (tree type, tree expr, tsubst_flags_t complain)
641{
642  return ocp_convert (type, expr, CONV_OLD_CONVERT, LOOKUP_NORMAL, complain);
643}
644
645/* C++ equivalent of convert_and_check but using cp_convert as the
646   conversion function.
647
648   Convert EXPR to TYPE, warning about conversion problems with constants.
649   Invoke this function on every expression that is converted implicitly,
650   i.e. because of language rules and not because of an explicit cast.  */
651
652tree
653cp_convert_and_check (tree type, tree expr, tsubst_flags_t complain)
654{
655  tree result;
656
657  if (TREE_TYPE (expr) == type)
658    return expr;
659  if (expr == error_mark_node)
660    return expr;
661  result = cp_convert (type, expr, complain);
662
663  if ((complain & tf_warning)
664      && c_inhibit_evaluation_warnings == 0)
665    {
666      tree folded = cp_fully_fold (expr);
667      tree folded_result;
668      if (folded == expr)
669	folded_result = result;
670      else
671	{
672	  /* Avoid bogus -Wparentheses warnings.  */
673	  warning_sentinel w (warn_parentheses);
674	  warning_sentinel c (warn_int_in_bool_context);
675	  folded_result = cp_convert (type, folded, tf_none);
676	}
677      folded_result = fold_simple (folded_result);
678      if (!TREE_OVERFLOW_P (folded)
679	  && folded_result != error_mark_node)
680	warnings_for_convert_and_check (cp_expr_loc_or_input_loc (expr),
681					type, folded, folded_result);
682    }
683
684  return result;
685}
686
687/* Conversion...
688
689   FLAGS indicates how we should behave.  */
690
691tree
692ocp_convert (tree type, tree expr, int convtype, int flags,
693	     tsubst_flags_t complain)
694{
695  tree e = expr;
696  enum tree_code code = TREE_CODE (type);
697  const char *invalid_conv_diag;
698  tree e1;
699  location_t loc = cp_expr_loc_or_input_loc (expr);
700  bool dofold = (convtype & CONV_FOLD);
701
702  if (error_operand_p (e) || type == error_mark_node)
703    return error_mark_node;
704
705  if (TREE_CODE (e) == COMPOUND_EXPR)
706    {
707      e = ocp_convert (type, TREE_OPERAND (e, 1), convtype, flags, complain);
708      if (e == error_mark_node)
709	return error_mark_node;
710      if (e == TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1))
711	return expr;
712      return build2_loc (EXPR_LOCATION (expr), COMPOUND_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (e),
713			 TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0), e);
714    }
715
716  complete_type (type);
717  complete_type (TREE_TYPE (expr));
718
719  if ((invalid_conv_diag
720       = targetm.invalid_conversion (TREE_TYPE (expr), type)))
721    {
722      if (complain & tf_error)
723	error (invalid_conv_diag);
724      return error_mark_node;
725    }
726
727  /* FIXME remove when moving to c_fully_fold model.  */
728  if (!CLASS_TYPE_P (type))
729    {
730      e = mark_rvalue_use (e);
731      tree v = scalar_constant_value (e);
732      if (!error_operand_p (v))
733	e = v;
734    }
735  if (error_operand_p (e))
736    return error_mark_node;
737
738  if (NULLPTR_TYPE_P (type) && null_ptr_cst_p (e))
739    {
740      if (complain & tf_warning)
741	maybe_warn_zero_as_null_pointer_constant (e, loc);
742
743      if (!TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (e))
744	return nullptr_node;
745    }
746
747  if (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (type) && (convtype & CONV_FORCE_TEMP))
748    /* We need a new temporary; don't take this shortcut.  */;
749  else if (same_type_ignoring_top_level_qualifiers_p (type, TREE_TYPE (e)))
750    {
751      tree etype = TREE_TYPE (e);
752      if (same_type_p (type, etype))
753	/* The call to fold will not always remove the NOP_EXPR as
754	   might be expected, since if one of the types is a typedef;
755	   the comparison in fold is just equality of pointers, not a
756	   call to comptypes.  We don't call fold in this case because
757	   that can result in infinite recursion; fold will call
758	   convert, which will call ocp_convert, etc.  */
759	return e;
760      /* For complex data types, we need to perform componentwise
761	 conversion.  */
762      else if (TREE_CODE (type) == COMPLEX_TYPE)
763	return convert_to_complex_maybe_fold (type, e, dofold);
764      else if (VECTOR_TYPE_P (type))
765	return convert_to_vector (type, rvalue (e));
766      else if (TREE_CODE (e) == TARGET_EXPR)
767	{
768	  /* Don't build a NOP_EXPR of class type.  Instead, change the
769	     type of the temporary.  */
770	  gcc_assert (same_type_ignoring_top_level_qualifiers_p (type, etype));
771	  TREE_TYPE (e) = TREE_TYPE (TARGET_EXPR_SLOT (e)) = type;
772	  return e;
773	}
774      else if (TREE_CODE (e) == CONSTRUCTOR)
775	{
776	  gcc_assert (same_type_ignoring_top_level_qualifiers_p (type, etype));
777	  TREE_TYPE (e) = type;
778	  return e;
779	}
780      else
781	{
782	  /* We shouldn't be treating objects of ADDRESSABLE type as
783	     rvalues.  */
784	  gcc_assert (!TREE_ADDRESSABLE (type));
785	  return build_nop (type, e);
786	}
787    }
788
789  e1 = targetm.convert_to_type (type, e);
790  if (e1)
791    return e1;
792
793  if (code == VOID_TYPE && (convtype & CONV_STATIC))
794    {
795      e = convert_to_void (e, ICV_CAST, complain);
796      return e;
797    }
798
799  if (INTEGRAL_CODE_P (code))
800    {
801      tree intype = TREE_TYPE (e);
802      tree converted;
803
804      if (TREE_CODE (type) == ENUMERAL_TYPE)
805	{
806	  /* enum = enum, enum = int, enum = float, (enum)pointer are all
807	     errors.  */
808	  if (((INTEGRAL_OR_ENUMERATION_TYPE_P (intype)
809		|| TREE_CODE (intype) == REAL_TYPE)
810	       && ! (convtype & CONV_STATIC))
811	      || TYPE_PTR_P (intype))
812	    {
813	      if (complain & tf_error)
814		permerror (loc, "conversion from %q#T to %q#T", intype, type);
815	      else
816		return error_mark_node;
817	    }
818
819	  /* [expr.static.cast]
820
821	     8. A value of integral or enumeration type can be explicitly
822	     converted to an enumeration type. The value is unchanged if
823	     the original value is within the range of the enumeration
824	     values. Otherwise, the resulting enumeration value is
825	     unspecified.  */
826	  tree val = fold_for_warn (e);
827	  if ((complain & tf_warning)
828	      && TREE_CODE (val) == INTEGER_CST
829	      && ENUM_UNDERLYING_TYPE (type)
830	      && !int_fits_type_p (val, ENUM_UNDERLYING_TYPE (type)))
831	    warning_at (loc, OPT_Wconversion,
832			"the result of the conversion is unspecified because "
833			"%qE is outside the range of type %qT",
834			expr, type);
835	}
836      if (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (intype))
837	{
838	  tree rval;
839	  rval = build_type_conversion (type, e);
840	  if (rval)
841	    return rval;
842	  if (complain & tf_error)
843	    error_at (loc, "%q#T used where a %qT was expected", intype, type);
844	  return error_mark_node;
845	}
846      if (code == BOOLEAN_TYPE)
847	{
848	  if (VOID_TYPE_P (intype))
849	    {
850	      if (complain & tf_error)
851		error_at (loc,
852			  "could not convert %qE from %<void%> to %<bool%>",
853			  expr);
854	      return error_mark_node;
855	    }
856
857	  if (VECTOR_TYPE_P (intype) && !gnu_vector_type_p (intype))
858	    {
859	      if (complain & tf_error)
860		error_at (loc, "could not convert %qE from %qH to %qI", expr,
861			  TREE_TYPE (expr), type);
862	      return error_mark_node;
863	    }
864
865	  /* We can't implicitly convert a scoped enum to bool, so convert
866	     to the underlying type first.  */
867	  if (SCOPED_ENUM_P (intype) && (convtype & CONV_STATIC))
868	    e = build_nop (ENUM_UNDERLYING_TYPE (intype), e);
869	  if (complain & tf_warning)
870	    return cp_truthvalue_conversion (e, complain);
871	  else
872	    {
873	      /* Prevent bogus -Wint-in-bool-context warnings coming
874		 from c_common_truthvalue_conversion down the line.  */
875	      warning_sentinel w (warn_int_in_bool_context);
876	      warning_sentinel c (warn_sign_compare);
877	      return cp_truthvalue_conversion (e, complain);
878	    }
879	}
880
881      converted = convert_to_integer_maybe_fold (type, e, dofold);
882
883      /* Ignore any integer overflow caused by the conversion.  */
884      return ignore_overflows (converted, e);
885    }
886  if (INDIRECT_TYPE_P (type) || TYPE_PTRMEM_P (type))
887    return cp_convert_to_pointer (type, e, dofold, complain);
888  if (code == VECTOR_TYPE)
889    {
890      tree in_vtype = TREE_TYPE (e);
891      if (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (in_vtype))
892	{
893	  tree ret_val;
894	  ret_val = build_type_conversion (type, e);
895	  if (ret_val)
896	    return ret_val;
897	  if (complain & tf_error)
898	    error_at (loc, "%q#T used where a %qT was expected",
899		      in_vtype, type);
900	  return error_mark_node;
901	}
902      return convert_to_vector (type, rvalue (e));
903    }
904  if (code == REAL_TYPE || code == COMPLEX_TYPE)
905    {
906      if (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (e)))
907	{
908	  tree rval;
909	  rval = build_type_conversion (type, e);
910	  if (rval)
911	    return rval;
912	  else if (complain & tf_error)
913	    error_at (loc,
914		      "%q#T used where a floating-point value was expected",
915		      TREE_TYPE (e));
916	}
917      if (code == REAL_TYPE)
918	return convert_to_real_maybe_fold (type, e, dofold);
919      else if (code == COMPLEX_TYPE)
920	return convert_to_complex_maybe_fold (type, e, dofold);
921    }
922
923  /* New C++ semantics:  since assignment is now based on
924     memberwise copying,  if the rhs type is derived from the
925     lhs type, then we may still do a conversion.  */
926  if (RECORD_OR_UNION_CODE_P (code))
927    {
928      tree dtype = TREE_TYPE (e);
929      tree ctor = NULL_TREE;
930
931      dtype = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (dtype);
932
933      /* Conversion between aggregate types.  New C++ semantics allow
934	 objects of derived type to be cast to objects of base type.
935	 Old semantics only allowed this between pointers.
936
937	 There may be some ambiguity between using a constructor
938	 vs. using a type conversion operator when both apply.  */
939
940      ctor = e;
941
942      if (abstract_virtuals_error_sfinae (NULL_TREE, type, complain))
943	return error_mark_node;
944
945      if (BRACE_ENCLOSED_INITIALIZER_P (ctor))
946	ctor = perform_implicit_conversion (type, ctor, complain);
947      else if ((flags & LOOKUP_ONLYCONVERTING)
948	       && ! (CLASS_TYPE_P (dtype) && DERIVED_FROM_P (type, dtype)))
949	/* For copy-initialization, first we create a temp of the proper type
950	   with a user-defined conversion sequence, then we direct-initialize
951	   the target with the temp (see [dcl.init]).  */
952	ctor = build_user_type_conversion (type, ctor, flags, complain);
953      else
954	{
955	  releasing_vec ctor_vec (make_tree_vector_single (ctor));
956	  ctor = build_special_member_call (NULL_TREE,
957					    complete_ctor_identifier,
958					    &ctor_vec,
959					    type, flags, complain);
960	}
961      if (ctor)
962	return build_cplus_new (type, ctor, complain);
963    }
964
965  if (complain & tf_error)
966    {
967      /* If the conversion failed and expr was an invalid use of pointer to
968	 member function, try to report a meaningful error.  */
969      if (invalid_nonstatic_memfn_p (loc, expr, complain))
970	/* We displayed the error message.  */;
971      else
972	error_at (loc, "conversion from %qH to non-scalar type %qI requested",
973		  TREE_TYPE (expr), type);
974    }
975  return error_mark_node;
976}
977
978/* If CALL is a call, return the callee; otherwise null.  */
979
980tree
981cp_get_callee (tree call)
982{
983  if (call == NULL_TREE)
984    return call;
985  else if (TREE_CODE (call) == CALL_EXPR)
986    return CALL_EXPR_FN (call);
987  else if (TREE_CODE (call) == AGGR_INIT_EXPR)
988    return AGGR_INIT_EXPR_FN (call);
989  return NULL_TREE;
990}
991
992/* FN is the callee of a CALL_EXPR or AGGR_INIT_EXPR; return the FUNCTION_DECL
993   if we can.  */
994
995tree
996cp_get_fndecl_from_callee (tree fn, bool fold /* = true */)
997{
998  if (fn == NULL_TREE)
999    return fn;
1000  if (TREE_CODE (fn) == FUNCTION_DECL)
1001    return fn;
1002  tree type = TREE_TYPE (fn);
1003  if (type == NULL_TREE || !INDIRECT_TYPE_P (type))
1004    return NULL_TREE;
1005  if (fold)
1006    fn = maybe_constant_init (fn);
1007  STRIP_NOPS (fn);
1008  if (TREE_CODE (fn) == ADDR_EXPR
1009      || TREE_CODE (fn) == FDESC_EXPR)
1010    fn = TREE_OPERAND (fn, 0);
1011  if (TREE_CODE (fn) == FUNCTION_DECL)
1012    return fn;
1013  return NULL_TREE;
1014}
1015
1016/* Like get_callee_fndecl, but handles AGGR_INIT_EXPR as well and uses the
1017   constexpr machinery.  */
1018
1019tree
1020cp_get_callee_fndecl (tree call)
1021{
1022  return cp_get_fndecl_from_callee (cp_get_callee (call));
1023}
1024
1025/* As above, but not using the constexpr machinery.  */
1026
1027tree
1028cp_get_callee_fndecl_nofold (tree call)
1029{
1030  return cp_get_fndecl_from_callee (cp_get_callee (call), false);
1031}
1032
1033/* Subroutine of convert_to_void.  Warn if we're discarding something with
1034   attribute [[nodiscard]].  */
1035
1036static void
1037maybe_warn_nodiscard (tree expr, impl_conv_void implicit)
1038{
1039  if (!warn_unused_result || c_inhibit_evaluation_warnings)
1040    return;
1041
1042  tree call = expr;
1043  if (TREE_CODE (expr) == TARGET_EXPR)
1044    call = TARGET_EXPR_INITIAL (expr);
1045  location_t loc = cp_expr_loc_or_input_loc (call);
1046  tree callee = cp_get_callee (call);
1047  if (!callee)
1048    return;
1049
1050  tree type = TREE_TYPE (callee);
1051  if (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (type))
1052    type = TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_FN_TYPE (type);
1053  if (INDIRECT_TYPE_P (type))
1054    type = TREE_TYPE (type);
1055
1056  tree rettype = TREE_TYPE (type);
1057  tree fn = cp_get_fndecl_from_callee (callee);
1058  tree attr;
1059  if (implicit != ICV_CAST && fn
1060      && (attr = lookup_attribute ("nodiscard", DECL_ATTRIBUTES (fn))))
1061    {
1062      escaped_string msg;
1063      tree args = TREE_VALUE (attr);
1064      if (args)
1065	msg.escape (TREE_STRING_POINTER (TREE_VALUE (args)));
1066      const char *format
1067	= (msg
1068	   ? G_("ignoring return value of %qD, "
1069		"declared with attribute %<nodiscard%>: %<%s%>")
1070	   : G_("ignoring return value of %qD, "
1071		"declared with attribute %<nodiscard%>%s"));
1072      const char *raw_msg = msg ? (const char *) msg : "";
1073      auto_diagnostic_group d;
1074      if (warning_at (loc, OPT_Wunused_result, format, fn, raw_msg))
1075	inform (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (fn), "declared here");
1076    }
1077  else if (implicit != ICV_CAST
1078	   && (attr = lookup_attribute ("nodiscard", TYPE_ATTRIBUTES (rettype))))
1079    {
1080      escaped_string msg;
1081      tree args = TREE_VALUE (attr);
1082      if (args)
1083	msg.escape (TREE_STRING_POINTER (TREE_VALUE (args)));
1084      const char *format
1085	= (msg
1086	   ? G_("ignoring returned value of type %qT, "
1087		"declared with attribute %<nodiscard%>: %<%s%>")
1088	   : G_("ignoring returned value of type %qT, "
1089		"declared with attribute %<nodiscard%>%s"));
1090      const char *raw_msg = msg ? (const char *) msg : "";
1091      auto_diagnostic_group d;
1092      if (warning_at (loc, OPT_Wunused_result, format, rettype, raw_msg))
1093	{
1094	  if (fn)
1095	    inform (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (fn),
1096		    "in call to %qD, declared here", fn);
1097	  inform (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (TYPE_NAME (rettype)),
1098		  "%qT declared here", rettype);
1099	}
1100    }
1101  else if (TREE_CODE (expr) == TARGET_EXPR
1102	   && lookup_attribute ("warn_unused_result", TYPE_ATTRIBUTES (type)))
1103    {
1104      /* The TARGET_EXPR confuses do_warn_unused_result into thinking that the
1105	 result is used, so handle that case here.  */
1106      if (fn)
1107	{
1108	  auto_diagnostic_group d;
1109	  if (warning_at (loc, OPT_Wunused_result,
1110			  "ignoring return value of %qD, "
1111			  "declared with attribute %<warn_unused_result%>",
1112			  fn))
1113	    inform (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (fn), "declared here");
1114	}
1115      else
1116	warning_at (loc, OPT_Wunused_result,
1117		    "ignoring return value of function "
1118		    "declared with attribute %<warn_unused_result%>");
1119    }
1120}
1121
1122/* When an expression is used in a void context, its value is discarded and
1123   no lvalue-rvalue and similar conversions happen [expr.static.cast/4,
1124   stmt.expr/1, expr.comma/1].  This permits dereferencing an incomplete type
1125   in a void context. The C++ standard does not define what an `access' to an
1126   object is, but there is reason to believe that it is the lvalue to rvalue
1127   conversion -- if it were not, `*&*p = 1' would violate [expr]/4 in that it
1128   accesses `*p' not to calculate the value to be stored. But, dcl.type.cv/8
1129   indicates that volatile semantics should be the same between C and C++
1130   where ever possible. C leaves it implementation defined as to what
1131   constitutes an access to a volatile. So, we interpret `*vp' as a read of
1132   the volatile object `vp' points to, unless that is an incomplete type. For
1133   volatile references we do not do this interpretation, because that would
1134   make it impossible to ignore the reference return value from functions. We
1135   issue warnings in the confusing cases.
1136
1137   The IMPLICIT is ICV_CAST when the user is explicitly converting an expression
1138   to void via a cast. If an expression is being implicitly converted, IMPLICIT
1139   indicates the context of the implicit conversion.  */
1140
1141tree
1142convert_to_void (tree expr, impl_conv_void implicit, tsubst_flags_t complain)
1143{
1144  location_t loc = cp_expr_loc_or_input_loc (expr);
1145
1146  if (expr == error_mark_node
1147      || TREE_TYPE (expr) == error_mark_node)
1148    return error_mark_node;
1149
1150  expr = maybe_undo_parenthesized_ref (expr);
1151
1152  expr = mark_discarded_use (expr);
1153  if (implicit == ICV_CAST)
1154    /* An explicit cast to void avoids all -Wunused-but-set* warnings.  */
1155    mark_exp_read (expr);
1156
1157  if (!TREE_TYPE (expr))
1158    return expr;
1159  if (invalid_nonstatic_memfn_p (loc, expr, complain))
1160    return error_mark_node;
1161  if (TREE_CODE (expr) == PSEUDO_DTOR_EXPR)
1162    {
1163      if (complain & tf_error)
1164        error_at (loc, "pseudo-destructor is not called");
1165      return error_mark_node;
1166    }
1167
1168  /* Explicitly evaluate void-converted concept checks since their
1169     satisfaction may produce ill-formed programs.  */
1170   if (concept_check_p (expr))
1171     expr = evaluate_concept_check (expr);
1172
1173  if (VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (expr)))
1174    return expr;
1175  switch (TREE_CODE (expr))
1176    {
1177    case COND_EXPR:
1178      {
1179	/* The two parts of a cond expr might be separate lvalues.  */
1180	tree op1 = TREE_OPERAND (expr,1);
1181	tree op2 = TREE_OPERAND (expr,2);
1182	bool side_effects = ((op1 && TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (op1))
1183			     || TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (op2));
1184	tree new_op1, new_op2;
1185	new_op1 = NULL_TREE;
1186	if (implicit != ICV_CAST && !side_effects)
1187	  {
1188	    if (op1)
1189	      new_op1 = convert_to_void (op1, ICV_SECOND_OF_COND, complain);
1190	    new_op2 = convert_to_void (op2, ICV_THIRD_OF_COND, complain);
1191	  }
1192	else
1193	  {
1194	    if (op1)
1195	      new_op1 = convert_to_void (op1, ICV_CAST, complain);
1196	    new_op2 = convert_to_void (op2, ICV_CAST, complain);
1197	  }
1198
1199	expr = build3_loc (loc, COND_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (new_op2),
1200			   TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0), new_op1, new_op2);
1201	break;
1202      }
1203
1204    case COMPOUND_EXPR:
1205      {
1206	/* The second part of a compound expr contains the value.  */
1207	tree op1 = TREE_OPERAND (expr,1);
1208	tree new_op1;
1209	if (implicit != ICV_CAST && !warning_suppressed_p (expr /* What warning? */))
1210	  new_op1 = convert_to_void (op1, ICV_RIGHT_OF_COMMA, complain);
1211	else
1212	  new_op1 = convert_to_void (op1, ICV_CAST, complain);
1213
1214	if (new_op1 != op1)
1215	  {
1216	    tree t = build2_loc (loc, COMPOUND_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (new_op1),
1217				 TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0), new_op1);
1218	    expr = t;
1219	  }
1220
1221	break;
1222      }
1223
1224    case NON_LVALUE_EXPR:
1225    case NOP_EXPR:
1226      /* These have already decayed to rvalue.  */
1227      break;
1228
1229    case CALL_EXPR:   /* We have a special meaning for volatile void fn().  */
1230      /* cdtors may return this or void, depending on
1231	 targetm.cxx.cdtor_returns_this, but this shouldn't affect our
1232	 decisions here: neither nodiscard warnings (nodiscard dtors
1233	 are nonsensical and ctors have a different behavior with that
1234	 attribute that is handled in the TARGET_EXPR case), nor should
1235	 any constexpr or template instantiations be affected by an ABI
1236	 property that is, or at least ought to be transparent to the
1237	 language.  */
1238      if (tree fn = cp_get_callee_fndecl_nofold (expr))
1239	if (DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (fn) || DECL_DESTRUCTOR_P (fn))
1240	  return expr;
1241
1242      if (complain & tf_warning)
1243	maybe_warn_nodiscard (expr, implicit);
1244      break;
1245
1246    case INDIRECT_REF:
1247      {
1248	tree type = TREE_TYPE (expr);
1249	int is_reference = TYPE_REF_P (TREE_TYPE (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0)));
1250	int is_volatile = TYPE_VOLATILE (type);
1251	int is_complete = COMPLETE_TYPE_P (complete_type (type));
1252
1253	/* Can't load the value if we don't know the type.  */
1254	if (is_volatile && !is_complete)
1255          {
1256            if (complain & tf_warning)
1257	      switch (implicit)
1258		{
1259	      	  case ICV_CAST:
1260		    warning_at (loc, 0, "conversion to void will not access "
1261				"object of incomplete type %qT", type);
1262		    break;
1263		  case ICV_SECOND_OF_COND:
1264		    warning_at (loc, 0, "indirection will not access object of "
1265				"incomplete type %qT in second operand "
1266				"of conditional expression", type);
1267		    break;
1268		  case ICV_THIRD_OF_COND:
1269		    warning_at (loc, 0, "indirection will not access object of "
1270				"incomplete type %qT in third operand "
1271				"of conditional expression", type);
1272		    break;
1273		  case ICV_RIGHT_OF_COMMA:
1274		    warning_at (loc, 0, "indirection will not access object of "
1275				"incomplete type %qT in right operand of "
1276				"comma operator", type);
1277		    break;
1278		  case ICV_LEFT_OF_COMMA:
1279		    warning_at (loc, 0, "indirection will not access object of "
1280				"incomplete type %qT in left operand of "
1281				"comma operator", type);
1282		    break;
1283		  case ICV_STATEMENT:
1284		    warning_at (loc, 0, "indirection will not access object of "
1285				"incomplete type %qT in statement", type);
1286		     break;
1287		  case ICV_THIRD_IN_FOR:
1288		    warning_at (loc, 0, "indirection will not access object of "
1289				"incomplete type %qT in for increment "
1290				"expression", type);
1291		    break;
1292		  default:
1293		    gcc_unreachable ();
1294		}
1295          }
1296	/* Don't load the value if this is an implicit dereference, or if
1297	   the type needs to be handled by ctors/dtors.  */
1298	else if (is_volatile && is_reference)
1299          {
1300            if (complain & tf_warning)
1301	      switch (implicit)
1302		{
1303	      	  case ICV_CAST:
1304		    warning_at (loc, 0, "conversion to void will not access "
1305				"object of type %qT", type);
1306		    break;
1307		  case ICV_SECOND_OF_COND:
1308		    warning_at (loc, 0, "implicit dereference will not access "
1309				"object of type %qT in second operand of "
1310				"conditional expression", type);
1311		    break;
1312		  case ICV_THIRD_OF_COND:
1313		    warning_at (loc, 0, "implicit dereference will not access "
1314				"object of type %qT in third operand of "
1315				"conditional expression", type);
1316		    break;
1317		  case ICV_RIGHT_OF_COMMA:
1318		    warning_at (loc, 0, "implicit dereference will not access "
1319				"object of type %qT in right operand of "
1320				"comma operator", type);
1321		    break;
1322		  case ICV_LEFT_OF_COMMA:
1323		    warning_at (loc, 0, "implicit dereference will not access "
1324				"object of type %qT in left operand of comma "
1325				"operator", type);
1326		    break;
1327		  case ICV_STATEMENT:
1328		    warning_at (loc, 0, "implicit dereference will not access "
1329				"object of type %qT in statement",  type);
1330		     break;
1331		  case ICV_THIRD_IN_FOR:
1332		    warning_at (loc, 0, "implicit dereference will not access "
1333				"object of type %qT in for increment expression",
1334				type);
1335		    break;
1336		  default:
1337		    gcc_unreachable ();
1338		}
1339          }
1340	else if (is_volatile && TREE_ADDRESSABLE (type))
1341	  {
1342	    if (complain & tf_warning)
1343	      switch (implicit)
1344		{
1345	      	  case ICV_CAST:
1346		    warning_at (loc, 0, "conversion to void will not access "
1347				"object of non-trivially-copyable type %qT",
1348				type);
1349		    break;
1350		  case ICV_SECOND_OF_COND:
1351		    warning_at (loc, 0, "indirection will not access object of "
1352				"non-trivially-copyable type %qT in second "
1353				"operand of conditional expression", type);
1354		    break;
1355		  case ICV_THIRD_OF_COND:
1356		    warning_at (loc, 0, "indirection will not access object of "
1357		  	      	"non-trivially-copyable type %qT in third "
1358				"operand of conditional expression", type);
1359		    break;
1360		  case ICV_RIGHT_OF_COMMA:
1361		    warning_at (loc, 0, "indirection will not access object of "
1362		    		"non-trivially-copyable type %qT in right "
1363				"operand of comma operator", type);
1364		    break;
1365		  case ICV_LEFT_OF_COMMA:
1366		    warning_at (loc, 0, "indirection will not access object of "
1367		    		"non-trivially-copyable type %qT in left "
1368				"operand of comma operator", type);
1369		    break;
1370		  case ICV_STATEMENT:
1371		    warning_at (loc, 0, "indirection will not access object of "
1372		     		"non-trivially-copyable type %qT in statement",
1373				type);
1374		     break;
1375		  case ICV_THIRD_IN_FOR:
1376		    warning_at (loc, 0, "indirection will not access object of "
1377		    		"non-trivially-copyable type %qT in for "
1378				"increment expression", type);
1379		    break;
1380		  default:
1381		    gcc_unreachable ();
1382		}
1383	  }
1384	if (is_reference || !is_volatile || !is_complete || TREE_ADDRESSABLE (type))
1385          {
1386            /* Emit a warning (if enabled) when the "effect-less" INDIRECT_REF
1387               operation is stripped off. Note that we don't warn about
1388               - an expression with TREE_NO_WARNING set. (For an example of
1389                 such expressions, see build_over_call in call.cc.)
1390               - automatic dereferencing of references, since the user cannot
1391                 control it. (See also warn_if_unused_value() in c-common.cc.)  */
1392            if (warn_unused_value
1393		&& implicit != ICV_CAST
1394                && (complain & tf_warning)
1395                && !warning_suppressed_p (expr, OPT_Wunused_value)
1396                && !is_reference)
1397              warning_at (loc, OPT_Wunused_value, "value computed is not used");
1398            expr = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
1399	    if (TREE_CODE (expr) == CALL_EXPR
1400		&& (complain & tf_warning))
1401	      maybe_warn_nodiscard (expr, implicit);
1402          }
1403
1404	break;
1405      }
1406
1407    case VAR_DECL:
1408      {
1409	/* External variables might be incomplete.  */
1410	tree type = TREE_TYPE (expr);
1411	int is_complete = COMPLETE_TYPE_P (complete_type (type));
1412
1413	if (TYPE_VOLATILE (type) && !is_complete && (complain & tf_warning))
1414	  switch (implicit)
1415	    {
1416	      case ICV_CAST:
1417		warning_at (loc, 0, "conversion to void will not access "
1418			    "object %qE of incomplete type %qT", expr, type);
1419		break;
1420	      case ICV_SECOND_OF_COND:
1421	        warning_at (loc, 0, "variable %qE of incomplete type %qT will "
1422			    "not be accessed in second operand of "
1423			    "conditional expression", expr, type);
1424		break;
1425	      case ICV_THIRD_OF_COND:
1426	        warning_at (loc, 0, "variable %qE of incomplete type %qT will "
1427			    "not be accessed in third operand of "
1428			    "conditional expression", expr, type);
1429		break;
1430	      case ICV_RIGHT_OF_COMMA:
1431	        warning_at (loc, 0, "variable %qE of incomplete type %qT will "
1432			    "not be accessed in right operand of comma operator",
1433			    expr, type);
1434		break;
1435	      case ICV_LEFT_OF_COMMA:
1436	        warning_at (loc, 0, "variable %qE of incomplete type %qT will "
1437			    "not be accessed in left operand of comma operator",
1438			    expr, type);
1439		break;
1440	      case ICV_STATEMENT:
1441	        warning_at (loc, 0, "variable %qE of incomplete type %qT will "
1442			    "not be accessed in statement", expr, type);
1443		break;
1444	      case ICV_THIRD_IN_FOR:
1445	        warning_at (loc, 0, "variable %qE of incomplete type %qT will "
1446			    "not be accessed in for increment expression",
1447			    expr, type);
1448		break;
1449	      default:
1450	        gcc_unreachable ();
1451	    }
1452
1453	break;
1454      }
1455
1456    case TARGET_EXPR:
1457      /* Don't bother with the temporary object returned from a function if
1458	 we don't use it, don't need to destroy it, and won't abort in
1459	 assign_temp.  We'll still
1460	 allocate space for it in expand_call or declare_return_variable,
1461	 but we don't need to track it through all the tree phases.  */
1462      if (TARGET_EXPR_IMPLICIT_P (expr)
1463	  && !TREE_ADDRESSABLE (TREE_TYPE (expr)))
1464	{
1465	  tree init = TARGET_EXPR_INITIAL (expr);
1466	  if (TREE_CODE (init) == AGGR_INIT_EXPR
1467	      && !AGGR_INIT_VIA_CTOR_P (init))
1468	    {
1469	      tree fn = AGGR_INIT_EXPR_FN (init);
1470	      expr = build_call_array_loc (input_location,
1471					   TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE
1472						      (TREE_TYPE (fn))),
1473					   fn,
1474					   aggr_init_expr_nargs (init),
1475					   AGGR_INIT_EXPR_ARGP (init));
1476	    }
1477	}
1478      if (complain & tf_warning)
1479	maybe_warn_nodiscard (expr, implicit);
1480      break;
1481
1482    default:;
1483    }
1484  expr = resolve_nondeduced_context (expr, complain);
1485  if (!mark_single_function (expr, complain))
1486    return error_mark_node;
1487
1488  {
1489    tree probe = expr;
1490
1491    if (TREE_CODE (probe) == ADDR_EXPR)
1492      probe = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
1493    if (type_unknown_p (probe))
1494      {
1495	/* [over.over] enumerates the places where we can take the address
1496	   of an overloaded function, and this is not one of them.  */
1497	if (complain & tf_error)
1498	  switch (implicit)
1499	    {
1500	      case ICV_CAST:
1501		error_at (loc, "conversion to void "
1502			  "cannot resolve address of overloaded function");
1503		break;
1504	      case ICV_SECOND_OF_COND:
1505		error_at (loc, "second operand of conditional expression "
1506			  "cannot resolve address of overloaded function");
1507		break;
1508	      case ICV_THIRD_OF_COND:
1509		error_at (loc, "third operand of conditional expression "
1510			  "cannot resolve address of overloaded function");
1511		break;
1512	      case ICV_RIGHT_OF_COMMA:
1513		error_at (loc, "right operand of comma operator "
1514			  "cannot resolve address of overloaded function");
1515		break;
1516	      case ICV_LEFT_OF_COMMA:
1517		error_at (loc, "left operand of comma operator "
1518			  "cannot resolve address of overloaded function");
1519		break;
1520	      case ICV_STATEMENT:
1521		error_at (loc, "statement "
1522			  "cannot resolve address of overloaded function");
1523		break;
1524	      case ICV_THIRD_IN_FOR:
1525		error_at (loc, "for increment expression "
1526			  "cannot resolve address of overloaded function");
1527		break;
1528	    }
1529	else
1530	  return error_mark_node;
1531	expr = void_node;
1532      }
1533    else if (implicit != ICV_CAST && probe == expr && is_overloaded_fn (probe))
1534      {
1535	/* Only warn when there is no &.  */
1536	if (complain & tf_warning)
1537	  switch (implicit)
1538	    {
1539	      case ICV_SECOND_OF_COND:
1540	        warning_at (loc, OPT_Waddress,
1541			    "second operand of conditional expression "
1542			    "is a reference, not call, to function %qE", expr);
1543		break;
1544	      case ICV_THIRD_OF_COND:
1545	        warning_at (loc, OPT_Waddress,
1546			    "third operand of conditional expression "
1547			    "is a reference, not call, to function %qE", expr);
1548		break;
1549	      case ICV_RIGHT_OF_COMMA:
1550		warning_at (loc, OPT_Waddress,
1551			    "right operand of comma operator "
1552			    "is a reference, not call, to function %qE", expr);
1553		break;
1554	      case ICV_LEFT_OF_COMMA:
1555	        warning_at (loc, OPT_Waddress,
1556			    "left operand of comma operator "
1557			    "is a reference, not call, to function %qE", expr);
1558		break;
1559	      case ICV_STATEMENT:
1560	        warning_at (loc, OPT_Waddress,
1561			    "statement is a reference, not call, to function %qE",
1562			    expr);
1563		break;
1564	      case ICV_THIRD_IN_FOR:
1565	        warning_at (loc, OPT_Waddress,
1566			    "for increment expression "
1567			    "is a reference, not call, to function %qE", expr);
1568		break;
1569	      default:
1570	        gcc_unreachable ();
1571	    }
1572
1573	if (TREE_CODE (expr) == COMPONENT_REF)
1574	  expr = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
1575      }
1576  }
1577
1578  if (expr != error_mark_node && !VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (expr)))
1579    {
1580      if (implicit != ICV_CAST
1581	  && warn_unused_value
1582	  && !warning_suppressed_p (expr, OPT_Wunused_value)
1583	  && !processing_template_decl
1584	  && !cp_unevaluated_operand
1585	  && (complain & tf_warning))
1586	{
1587	  /* The middle end does not warn about expressions that have
1588	     been explicitly cast to void, so we must do so here.  */
1589	  if (!TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (expr))
1590	    {
1591	      switch (implicit)
1592		{
1593		  case ICV_SECOND_OF_COND:
1594		    warning_at (loc, OPT_Wunused_value,
1595				"second operand of conditional expression "
1596				"has no effect");
1597		    break;
1598		  case ICV_THIRD_OF_COND:
1599		    warning_at (loc, OPT_Wunused_value,
1600				"third operand of conditional expression "
1601				"has no effect");
1602		    break;
1603		  case ICV_RIGHT_OF_COMMA:
1604		    warning_at (loc, OPT_Wunused_value,
1605				"right operand of comma operator has no effect");
1606		    break;
1607		  case ICV_LEFT_OF_COMMA:
1608		    warning_at (loc, OPT_Wunused_value,
1609				"left operand of comma operator has no effect");
1610		    break;
1611		  case ICV_STATEMENT:
1612		    warning_at (loc, OPT_Wunused_value,
1613				"statement has no effect");
1614		    break;
1615		  case ICV_THIRD_IN_FOR:
1616		    warning_at (loc, OPT_Wunused_value,
1617				"for increment expression has no effect");
1618		    break;
1619		  default:
1620		    gcc_unreachable ();
1621		}
1622	    }
1623	  else
1624	    {
1625	      tree e = expr;
1626	      /* We might like to warn about (say) "(int) f()", as the
1627		 cast has no effect, but the compiler itself will
1628		 generate implicit conversions under some
1629		 circumstances.  (For example a block copy will be
1630		 turned into a call to "__builtin_memcpy", with a
1631		 conversion of the return value to an appropriate
1632		 type.)  So, to avoid false positives, we strip
1633		 conversions.  Do not use STRIP_NOPs because it will
1634		 not strip conversions to "void", as that is not a
1635		 mode-preserving conversion.  */
1636	      while (TREE_CODE (e) == NOP_EXPR)
1637		e = TREE_OPERAND (e, 0);
1638
1639	      enum tree_code code = TREE_CODE (e);
1640	      enum tree_code_class tclass = TREE_CODE_CLASS (code);
1641	      if (tclass == tcc_comparison
1642		  || tclass == tcc_unary
1643		  || tclass == tcc_binary
1644		  || code == VEC_PERM_EXPR
1645		  || code == VEC_COND_EXPR)
1646		warn_if_unused_value (e, loc);
1647	    }
1648	}
1649      expr = build1 (CONVERT_EXPR, void_type_node, expr);
1650    }
1651  if (! TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (expr))
1652    expr = void_node;
1653  return expr;
1654}
1655
1656/* Create an expression whose value is that of EXPR,
1657   converted to type TYPE.  The TREE_TYPE of the value
1658   is always TYPE.  This function implements all reasonable
1659   conversions; callers should filter out those that are
1660   not permitted by the language being compiled.
1661
1662   Most of this routine is from build_reinterpret_cast.
1663
1664   The back end cannot call cp_convert (what was convert) because
1665   conversions to/from basetypes may involve memory references
1666   (vbases) and adding or subtracting small values (multiple
1667   inheritance), but it calls convert from the constant folding code
1668   on subtrees of already built trees after it has ripped them apart.
1669
1670   Also, if we ever support range variables, we'll probably also have to
1671   do a little bit more work.  */
1672
1673tree
1674convert (tree type, tree expr)
1675{
1676  tree intype;
1677
1678  if (type == error_mark_node || expr == error_mark_node)
1679    return error_mark_node;
1680
1681  intype = TREE_TYPE (expr);
1682
1683  if (INDIRECT_TYPE_P (type) && INDIRECT_TYPE_P (intype))
1684    return build_nop (type, expr);
1685
1686  return ocp_convert (type, expr, CONV_BACKEND_CONVERT,
1687		      LOOKUP_NORMAL|LOOKUP_NO_CONVERSION,
1688		      tf_warning_or_error);
1689}
1690
1691/* Like convert, but in a static initializer (called from
1692   convert_and_check).  */
1693
1694tree
1695convert_init (tree type, tree expr)
1696{
1697  return convert (type, expr);
1698}
1699
1700/* Like cp_convert, except permit conversions to take place which
1701   are not normally allowed due to access restrictions
1702   (such as conversion from sub-type to private super-type).  */
1703
1704tree
1705convert_force (tree type, tree expr, int convtype, tsubst_flags_t complain)
1706{
1707  tree e = expr;
1708  enum tree_code code = TREE_CODE (type);
1709
1710  if (code == REFERENCE_TYPE)
1711    return convert_to_reference (type, e, CONV_C_CAST, 0,
1712				 NULL_TREE, complain);
1713
1714  if (code == POINTER_TYPE)
1715    return convert_to_pointer_force (type, e, complain);
1716
1717  /* From typeck.cc convert_for_assignment */
1718  if (((TYPE_PTR_P (TREE_TYPE (e)) && TREE_CODE (e) == ADDR_EXPR
1719	&& TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (e))) == METHOD_TYPE)
1720       || integer_zerop (e)
1721       || TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (TREE_TYPE (e)))
1722      && TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (type))
1723    /* compatible pointer to member functions.  */
1724    return build_ptrmemfunc (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_FN_TYPE (type), e, 1,
1725			     /*c_cast_p=*/1, complain);
1726
1727  return ocp_convert (type, e, CONV_C_CAST|convtype, LOOKUP_NORMAL, complain);
1728}
1729
1730/* Convert an aggregate EXPR to type XTYPE.  If a conversion
1731   exists, return the attempted conversion.  This may
1732   return ERROR_MARK_NODE if the conversion is not
1733   allowed (references private members, etc).
1734   If no conversion exists, NULL_TREE is returned.
1735
1736   FIXME: Ambiguity checking is wrong.  Should choose one by the implicit
1737   object parameter, or by the second standard conversion sequence if
1738   that doesn't do it.  This will probably wait for an overloading rewrite.
1739   (jason 8/9/95)  */
1740
1741static tree
1742build_type_conversion (tree xtype, tree expr)
1743{
1744  /* C++: check to see if we can convert this aggregate type
1745     into the required type.  */
1746  return build_user_type_conversion (xtype, expr, LOOKUP_NORMAL,
1747				     tf_warning_or_error);
1748}
1749
1750/* Convert the given EXPR to one of a group of types suitable for use in an
1751   expression.  DESIRES is a combination of various WANT_* flags (q.v.)
1752   which indicates which types are suitable.  If COMPLAIN is true, complain
1753   about ambiguity; otherwise, the caller will deal with it.  */
1754
1755tree
1756build_expr_type_conversion (int desires, tree expr, bool complain)
1757{
1758  tree basetype = TREE_TYPE (expr);
1759  tree conv = NULL_TREE;
1760  tree winner = NULL_TREE;
1761
1762  if (null_node_p (expr)
1763      && (desires & WANT_INT)
1764      && !(desires & WANT_NULL))
1765    {
1766      location_t loc =
1767	expansion_point_location_if_in_system_header (input_location);
1768
1769      warning_at (loc, OPT_Wconversion_null,
1770		  "converting NULL to non-pointer type");
1771    }
1772
1773  if (basetype == error_mark_node)
1774    return error_mark_node;
1775
1776  if (! MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (basetype))
1777    switch (TREE_CODE (basetype))
1778      {
1779      case INTEGER_TYPE:
1780	if ((desires & WANT_NULL) && null_ptr_cst_p (expr))
1781	  return expr;
1782	/* fall through.  */
1783
1784      case BOOLEAN_TYPE:
1785	return (desires & WANT_INT) ? expr : NULL_TREE;
1786      case ENUMERAL_TYPE:
1787	return (desires & WANT_ENUM) ? expr : NULL_TREE;
1788      case REAL_TYPE:
1789	return (desires & WANT_FLOAT) ? expr : NULL_TREE;
1790      case POINTER_TYPE:
1791	return (desires & WANT_POINTER) ? expr : NULL_TREE;
1792
1793      case FUNCTION_TYPE:
1794      case ARRAY_TYPE:
1795	return (desires & WANT_POINTER) ? decay_conversion (expr,
1796							    tf_warning_or_error)
1797					: NULL_TREE;
1798
1799      case VECTOR_TYPE:
1800	if (!gnu_vector_type_p (basetype))
1801	  return NULL_TREE;
1802	/* FALLTHROUGH */
1803      case COMPLEX_TYPE:
1804	if ((desires & WANT_VECTOR_OR_COMPLEX) == 0)
1805	  return NULL_TREE;
1806	switch (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (basetype)))
1807	  {
1808	  case INTEGER_TYPE:
1809	  case BOOLEAN_TYPE:
1810	    return (desires & WANT_INT) ? expr : NULL_TREE;
1811	  case ENUMERAL_TYPE:
1812	    return (desires & WANT_ENUM) ? expr : NULL_TREE;
1813	  case REAL_TYPE:
1814	    return (desires & WANT_FLOAT) ? expr : NULL_TREE;
1815	  default:
1816	    return NULL_TREE;
1817	  }
1818
1819      default:
1820	return NULL_TREE;
1821      }
1822
1823  /* The code for conversions from class type is currently only used for
1824     delete expressions.  Other expressions are handled by build_new_op.  */
1825  if (!complete_type_or_maybe_complain (basetype, expr, complain))
1826    return error_mark_node;
1827  if (!TYPE_HAS_CONVERSION (basetype))
1828    return NULL_TREE;
1829
1830  for (conv = lookup_conversions (basetype); conv; conv = TREE_CHAIN (conv))
1831    {
1832      int win = 0;
1833      tree candidate;
1834      tree cand = TREE_VALUE (conv);
1835      cand = OVL_FIRST (cand);
1836
1837      if (winner && winner == cand)
1838	continue;
1839
1840      if (DECL_NONCONVERTING_P (cand))
1841	continue;
1842
1843      candidate = non_reference (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (cand)));
1844
1845      switch (TREE_CODE (candidate))
1846	{
1847	case BOOLEAN_TYPE:
1848	case INTEGER_TYPE:
1849	  win = (desires & WANT_INT); break;
1850	case ENUMERAL_TYPE:
1851	  win = (desires & WANT_ENUM); break;
1852	case REAL_TYPE:
1853	  win = (desires & WANT_FLOAT); break;
1854	case POINTER_TYPE:
1855	  win = (desires & WANT_POINTER); break;
1856
1857	case COMPLEX_TYPE:
1858	case VECTOR_TYPE:
1859	  if ((desires & WANT_VECTOR_OR_COMPLEX) == 0)
1860	    break;
1861	  switch (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (candidate)))
1862	    {
1863	    case BOOLEAN_TYPE:
1864	    case INTEGER_TYPE:
1865	      win = (desires & WANT_INT); break;
1866	    case ENUMERAL_TYPE:
1867	      win = (desires & WANT_ENUM); break;
1868	    case REAL_TYPE:
1869	      win = (desires & WANT_FLOAT); break;
1870	    default:
1871	      break;
1872	    }
1873	  break;
1874
1875	default:
1876	  /* A wildcard could be instantiated to match any desired
1877	     type, but we can't deduce the template argument.  */
1878	  if (WILDCARD_TYPE_P (candidate))
1879	    win = true;
1880	  break;
1881	}
1882
1883      if (win)
1884	{
1885	  if (TREE_CODE (cand) == TEMPLATE_DECL)
1886	    {
1887	      if (complain)
1888		error ("default type conversion cannot deduce template"
1889		       " argument for %qD", cand);
1890	      return error_mark_node;
1891	    }
1892
1893	  if (winner)
1894	    {
1895	      tree winner_type
1896		= non_reference (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (winner)));
1897
1898	      if (!same_type_ignoring_top_level_qualifiers_p (winner_type,
1899							      candidate))
1900		{
1901		  if (complain)
1902		    {
1903		      error ("ambiguous default type conversion from %qT",
1904			     basetype);
1905		      inform (input_location,
1906			      "  candidate conversions include %qD and %qD",
1907			      winner, cand);
1908		    }
1909		  return error_mark_node;
1910		}
1911	    }
1912
1913	  winner = cand;
1914	}
1915    }
1916
1917  if (winner)
1918    {
1919      tree type = non_reference (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (winner)));
1920      return build_user_type_conversion (type, expr, LOOKUP_NORMAL,
1921					 tf_warning_or_error);
1922    }
1923
1924  return NULL_TREE;
1925}
1926
1927/* Implements integral promotion (4.1) and float->double promotion.  */
1928
1929tree
1930type_promotes_to (tree type)
1931{
1932  tree promoted_type;
1933
1934  if (type == error_mark_node)
1935    return error_mark_node;
1936
1937  type = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type);
1938
1939  /* Check for promotions of target-defined types first.  */
1940  promoted_type = targetm.promoted_type (type);
1941  if (promoted_type)
1942    return promoted_type;
1943
1944  /* bool always promotes to int (not unsigned), even if it's the same
1945     size.  */
1946  if (TREE_CODE (type) == BOOLEAN_TYPE)
1947    type = integer_type_node;
1948
1949  /* Normally convert enums to int, but convert wide enums to something
1950     wider.  Scoped enums don't promote, but pretend they do for backward
1951     ABI bug compatibility wrt varargs.  */
1952  else if (TREE_CODE (type) == ENUMERAL_TYPE
1953	   || type == char8_type_node
1954	   || type == char16_type_node
1955	   || type == char32_type_node
1956	   || type == wchar_type_node)
1957    {
1958      tree prom = type;
1959
1960      if (TREE_CODE (type) == ENUMERAL_TYPE)
1961	{
1962	  prom = ENUM_UNDERLYING_TYPE (prom);
1963	  if (!ENUM_IS_SCOPED (type)
1964	      && ENUM_FIXED_UNDERLYING_TYPE_P (type))
1965	    {
1966	      /* ISO C++17, 7.6/4.  A prvalue of an unscoped enumeration type
1967		 whose underlying type is fixed (10.2) can be converted to a
1968		 prvalue of its underlying type. Moreover, if integral promotion
1969		 can be applied to its underlying type, a prvalue of an unscoped
1970		 enumeration type whose underlying type is fixed can also be
1971		 converted to a prvalue of the promoted underlying type.  */
1972	      return type_promotes_to (prom);
1973	    }
1974	}
1975
1976      int precision = MAX (TYPE_PRECISION (type),
1977			   TYPE_PRECISION (integer_type_node));
1978      tree totype = c_common_type_for_size (precision, 0);
1979      if (TYPE_UNSIGNED (prom)
1980	  && ! int_fits_type_p (TYPE_MAX_VALUE (prom), totype))
1981	prom = c_common_type_for_size (precision, 1);
1982      else
1983	prom = totype;
1984      if (SCOPED_ENUM_P (type))
1985	{
1986	  if (abi_version_crosses (6)
1987	      && TYPE_MODE (prom) != TYPE_MODE (type))
1988	    warning (OPT_Wabi, "scoped enum %qT passed through %<...%> as "
1989		     "%qT before %<-fabi-version=6%>, %qT after",
1990		     type, prom, ENUM_UNDERLYING_TYPE (type));
1991	  if (!abi_version_at_least (6))
1992	    type = prom;
1993	}
1994      else
1995	type = prom;
1996    }
1997  else if (c_promoting_integer_type_p (type))
1998    {
1999      /* Retain unsignedness if really not getting bigger.  */
2000      if (TYPE_UNSIGNED (type)
2001	  && TYPE_PRECISION (type) == TYPE_PRECISION (integer_type_node))
2002	type = unsigned_type_node;
2003      else
2004	type = integer_type_node;
2005    }
2006  else if (type == float_type_node)
2007    type = double_type_node;
2008
2009  return type;
2010}
2011
2012/* The routines below this point are carefully written to conform to
2013   the standard.  They use the same terminology, and follow the rules
2014   closely.  Although they are used only in pt.cc at the moment, they
2015   should presumably be used everywhere in the future.  */
2016
2017/* True iff EXPR can be converted to TYPE via a qualification conversion.
2018   Callers should check for identical types before calling this function.  */
2019
2020bool
2021can_convert_qual (tree type, tree expr)
2022{
2023  tree expr_type = TREE_TYPE (expr);
2024  gcc_assert (!same_type_p (type, expr_type));
2025
2026  /* A function pointer conversion also counts as a Qualification Adjustment
2027     under [over.ics.scs].  */
2028  if (fnptr_conv_p (type, expr_type))
2029    return true;
2030
2031  if (TYPE_PTR_P (type) && TYPE_PTR_P (expr_type))
2032    return comp_ptr_ttypes (TREE_TYPE (type), TREE_TYPE (expr_type));
2033  else if (TYPE_PTRMEM_P (type) && TYPE_PTRMEM_P (expr_type))
2034    return (same_type_p (TYPE_PTRMEM_CLASS_TYPE (type),
2035			 TYPE_PTRMEM_CLASS_TYPE (expr_type))
2036	    && comp_ptr_ttypes (TYPE_PTRMEM_POINTED_TO_TYPE (type),
2037				TYPE_PTRMEM_POINTED_TO_TYPE (expr_type)));
2038  else
2039    return false;
2040}
2041
2042/* Attempt to perform qualification conversions on EXPR to convert it
2043   to TYPE.  Return the resulting expression, or error_mark_node if
2044   the conversion was impossible.  Since this is only used by
2045   convert_nontype_argument, we fold the conversion.  */
2046
2047tree
2048perform_qualification_conversions (tree type, tree expr)
2049{
2050  tree expr_type;
2051
2052  expr_type = TREE_TYPE (expr);
2053
2054  if (same_type_p (type, expr_type))
2055    return expr;
2056  else if (can_convert_qual (type, expr))
2057    return cp_fold_convert (type, expr);
2058  else
2059    return error_mark_node;
2060}
2061
2062/* True iff T is a transaction-safe function type.  */
2063
2064bool
2065tx_safe_fn_type_p (tree t)
2066{
2067  if (!FUNC_OR_METHOD_TYPE_P (t))
2068    return false;
2069  return !!lookup_attribute ("transaction_safe", TYPE_ATTRIBUTES (t));
2070}
2071
2072/* Return the transaction-unsafe variant of transaction-safe function type
2073   T.  */
2074
2075tree
2076tx_unsafe_fn_variant (tree t)
2077{
2078  gcc_assert (tx_safe_fn_type_p (t));
2079  tree attrs = remove_attribute ("transaction_safe",
2080				 TYPE_ATTRIBUTES (t));
2081  return cp_build_type_attribute_variant (t, attrs);
2082}
2083
2084/* Return true iff FROM can convert to TO by a transaction-safety
2085   conversion.  */
2086
2087static bool
2088can_convert_tx_safety (tree to, tree from)
2089{
2090  return (flag_tm && tx_safe_fn_type_p (from)
2091	  && same_type_p (to, tx_unsafe_fn_variant (from)));
2092}
2093
2094/* Return true iff FROM can convert to TO by dropping noexcept.
2095   This is just a subroutine of fnptr_conv_p.  */
2096
2097static bool
2098noexcept_conv_p (tree to, tree from)
2099{
2100  if (!flag_noexcept_type)
2101    return false;
2102
2103  if (TREE_CODE (to) != TREE_CODE (from))
2104    return false;
2105  if (!FUNC_OR_METHOD_TYPE_P (from))
2106    return false;
2107  if (!type_throw_all_p (to)
2108      || type_throw_all_p (from))
2109    return false;
2110  tree v = build_exception_variant (from, NULL_TREE);
2111  return same_type_p (to, v);
2112}
2113
2114/* Return true iff FROM can convert to TO by a function pointer conversion.  */
2115
2116bool
2117fnptr_conv_p (tree to, tree from)
2118{
2119  tree t = to;
2120  tree f = from;
2121  if (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (t)
2122      && TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (f))
2123    {
2124      t = TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_FN_TYPE (t);
2125      f = TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_FN_TYPE (f);
2126    }
2127  if (INDIRECT_TYPE_P (t)
2128      && INDIRECT_TYPE_P (f))
2129    {
2130      t = TREE_TYPE (t);
2131      f = TREE_TYPE (f);
2132    }
2133
2134  return (noexcept_conv_p (t, f)
2135	  || can_convert_tx_safety (t, f));
2136}
2137
2138/* Return FN with any NOP_EXPRs stripped that represent function pointer
2139   conversions or conversions to the same type.  */
2140
2141tree
2142strip_fnptr_conv (tree fn)
2143{
2144  while (TREE_CODE (fn) == NOP_EXPR)
2145    {
2146      tree op = TREE_OPERAND (fn, 0);
2147      tree ft = TREE_TYPE (fn);
2148      tree ot = TREE_TYPE (op);
2149      if (same_type_p (ft, ot)
2150	  || fnptr_conv_p (ft, ot))
2151	fn = op;
2152      else
2153	break;
2154    }
2155  return fn;
2156}
2157