1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> 2<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Chapter��17.��Debug Mode</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /><meta name="keywords" content="C++, library, debug" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, library" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, runtime, library" /><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The GNU C++ Library" /><link rel="up" href="extensions.html" title="Part��III.�� Extensions" /><link rel="prev" href="ext_compile_checks.html" title="Chapter��16.��Compile Time Checks" /><link rel="next" href="debug_mode_semantics.html" title="Semantics" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter��17.��Debug Mode</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ext_compile_checks.html">Prev</a>��</td><th width="60%" align="center">Part��III.�� 3 Extensions 4 5</th><td width="20%" align="right">��<a accesskey="n" href="debug_mode_semantics.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="manual.ext.debug_mode"></a>Chapter��17.��Debug Mode</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug_mode.html#manual.ext.debug_mode.intro">Intro</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug_mode_semantics.html">Semantics</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug_mode_using.html">Using</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug_mode_using.html#debug_mode.using.mode">Using the Debug Mode</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug_mode_using.html#debug_mode.using.specific">Using a Specific Debug Container</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug_mode_design.html">Design</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug_mode_design.html#debug_mode.design.goals">Goals</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug_mode_design.html#debug_mode.design.methods">Methods</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug_mode_design.html#debug_mode.design.methods.wrappers">The Wrapper Model</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug_mode_design.html#debug_mode.design.methods.safe_iter">Safe Iterators</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug_mode_design.html#debug_mode.design.methods.safe_seq">Safe Sequences (Containers)</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug_mode_design.html#debug_mode.design.methods.precond">Precondition Checking</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug_mode_design.html#debug_mode.design.methods.coexistence">Release- and debug-mode coexistence</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug_mode_design.html#methods.coexistence.compile">Compile-time coexistence of release- and debug-mode components</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug_mode_design.html#methods.coexistence.link">Link- and run-time coexistence of release- and 6 debug-mode components</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug_mode_design.html#methods.coexistence.alt">Alternatives for Coexistence</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug_mode_design.html#debug_mode.design.other">Other Implementations</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="manual.ext.debug_mode.intro"></a>Intro</h2></div></div></div><p> 7 By default, libstdc++ is built with efficiency in mind, and 8 therefore performs little or no error checking that is not 9 required by the C++ standard. This means that programs that 10 incorrectly use the C++ standard library will exhibit behavior 11 that is not portable and may not even be predictable, because they 12 tread into implementation-specific or undefined behavior. To 13 detect some of these errors before they can become problematic, 14 libstdc++ offers a debug mode that provides additional checking of 15 library facilities, and will report errors in the use of libstdc++ 16 as soon as they can be detected by emitting a description of the 17 problem to standard error and aborting the program. This debug 18 mode is available with GCC 3.4.0 and later versions. 19 </p><p> 20 The libstdc++ debug mode performs checking for many areas of the 21 C++ standard, but the focus is on checking interactions among 22 standard iterators, containers, and algorithms, including: 23 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Safe iterators</em></span>: Iterators keep track of the 24 container whose elements they reference, so errors such as 25 incrementing a past-the-end iterator or dereferencing an iterator 26 that points to a container that has been destructed are diagnosed 27 immediately.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Algorithm preconditions</em></span>: Algorithms attempt to 28 validate their input parameters to detect errors as early as 29 possible. For instance, the <code class="code">set_intersection</code> 30 algorithm requires that its iterator 31 parameters <code class="code">first1</code> and <code class="code">last1</code> form a valid 32 iterator range, and that the sequence 33 [<code class="code">first1</code>, <code class="code">last1</code>) is sorted according to 34 the same predicate that was passed 35 to <code class="code">set_intersection</code>; the libstdc++ debug mode will 36 detect an error if the sequence is not sorted or was sorted by a 37 different predicate.</p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ext_compile_checks.html">Prev</a>��</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="extensions.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right">��<a accesskey="n" href="debug_mode_semantics.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter��16.��Compile Time Checks��</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">��Semantics</td></tr></table></div></body></html>