1/*	$NetBSD: pcap.c,v 1.11 2023/08/17 15:18:12 christos Exp $	*/
2
3/*
4 * Copyright (c) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998
5 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6 *
7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9 * are met:
10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
16 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
17 *	This product includes software developed by the Computer Systems
18 *	Engineering Group at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.
19 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor of the Laboratory may be used
20 *    to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
21 *    specific prior written permission.
22 *
23 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
24 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
25 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
26 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
27 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
28 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
29 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
30 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
31 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
32 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
33 * SUCH DAMAGE.
34 */
35
36#include <sys/cdefs.h>
37__RCSID("$NetBSD: pcap.c,v 1.11 2023/08/17 15:18:12 christos Exp $");
38
39#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
40#include <config.h>
41#endif
42
43#include <pcap-types.h>
44#ifndef _WIN32
45#include <sys/param.h>
46#ifndef MSDOS
47#include <sys/file.h>
48#endif
49#include <sys/ioctl.h>
50#include <sys/socket.h>
51#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SOCKIO_H
52#include <sys/sockio.h>
53#endif
54
55struct mbuf;		/* Squelch compiler warnings on some platforms for */
56struct rtentry;		/* declarations in <net/if.h> */
57#include <net/if.h>
58#include <netinet/in.h>
59#endif /* _WIN32 */
60
61#include <stdio.h>
62#include <stdlib.h>
63#include <string.h>
64#if !defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__BORLANDC__) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
65#include <unistd.h>
66#endif
67#include <fcntl.h>
68#include <errno.h>
69#include <limits.h>
70
71#include "diag-control.h"
72
73#ifdef HAVE_OS_PROTO_H
74#include "os-proto.h"
75#endif
76
77#ifdef MSDOS
78#include "pcap-dos.h"
79#endif
80
81#include "pcap-int.h"
82
83#include "optimize.h"
84
85#ifdef HAVE_DAG_API
86#include "pcap-dag.h"
87#endif /* HAVE_DAG_API */
88
89#ifdef HAVE_SEPTEL_API
90#include "pcap-septel.h"
91#endif /* HAVE_SEPTEL_API */
92
93#ifdef HAVE_SNF_API
94#include "pcap-snf.h"
95#endif /* HAVE_SNF_API */
96
97#ifdef HAVE_TC_API
98#include "pcap-tc.h"
99#endif /* HAVE_TC_API */
100
101#ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_LINUX_USBMON
102#include "pcap-usb-linux.h"
103#endif
104
105#ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_BT
106#include "pcap-bt-linux.h"
107#endif
108
109#ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_BT_MONITOR
110#include "pcap-bt-monitor-linux.h"
111#endif
112
113#ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_NETFILTER
114#include "pcap-netfilter-linux.h"
115#endif
116
117#ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_NETMAP
118#include "pcap-netmap.h"
119#endif
120
121#ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_DBUS
122#include "pcap-dbus.h"
123#endif
124
125#ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_RPCAP
126#include "pcap-rpcap-unix.h"
127#endif
128
129#ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_RDMASNIFF
130#include "pcap-rdmasniff.h"
131#endif
132
133#ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_DPDK
134#include "pcap-dpdk.h"
135#endif
136
137#ifdef HAVE_AIRPCAP_API
138#include "pcap-airpcap.h"
139#endif
140
141#ifdef _WIN32
142/*
143 * To quote the WSAStartup() documentation:
144 *
145 *   The WSAStartup function typically leads to protocol-specific helper
146 *   DLLs being loaded. As a result, the WSAStartup function should not
147 *   be called from the DllMain function in a application DLL. This can
148 *   potentially cause deadlocks.
149 *
150 * and the WSACleanup() documentation:
151 *
152 *   The WSACleanup function typically leads to protocol-specific helper
153 *   DLLs being unloaded. As a result, the WSACleanup function should not
154 *   be called from the DllMain function in a application DLL. This can
155 *   potentially cause deadlocks.
156 *
157 * So we don't initialize Winsock in a DllMain() routine.
158 *
159 * pcap_init() should be called to initialize pcap on both UN*X and
160 * Windows; it will initialize Winsock on Windows.  (It will also be
161 * initialized as needed if pcap_init() hasn't been called.)
162 */
163
164/*
165 * Start Winsock.
166 * Internal routine.
167 */
168static int
169internal_wsockinit(char *errbuf)
170{
171	WORD wVersionRequested;
172	WSADATA wsaData;
173	static int err = -1;
174	static int done = 0;
175	int status;
176
177	if (done)
178		return (err);
179
180	/*
181	 * Versions of Windows that don't support Winsock 2.2 are
182	 * too old for us.
183	 */
184	wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(2, 2);
185	status = WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData);
186	done = 1;
187	if (status != 0) {
188		if (errbuf != NULL) {
189			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_win32_err(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
190			    status, "WSAStartup() failed");
191		}
192		return (err);
193	}
194	atexit ((void(*)(void))WSACleanup);
195	err = 0;
196	return (err);
197}
198
199/*
200 * Exported in case some applications using WinPcap/Npcap called it,
201 * even though it wasn't exported.
202 */
203int
204wsockinit(void)
205{
206	return (internal_wsockinit(NULL));
207}
208
209/*
210 * This is the exported function; new programs should call this.
211 * *Newer* programs should call pcap_init().
212 */
213int
214pcap_wsockinit(void)
215{
216	return (internal_wsockinit(NULL));
217}
218#endif /* _WIN32 */
219
220/*
221 * Do whatever initialization is needed for libpcap.
222 *
223 * The argument specifies whether we use the local code page or UTF-8
224 * for strings; on UN*X, we just assume UTF-8 in places where the encoding
225 * would matter, whereas, on Windows, we use the local code page for
226 * PCAP_CHAR_ENC_LOCAL and UTF-8 for PCAP_CHAR_ENC_UTF_8.
227 *
228 * On Windows, we also disable the hack in pcap_create() to deal with
229 * being handed UTF-16 strings, because if the user calls this they're
230 * explicitly declaring that they will either be passing local code
231 * page strings or UTF-8 strings, so we don't need to allow UTF-16LE
232 * strings to be passed.  For good measure, on Windows *and* UN*X,
233 * we disable pcap_lookupdev(), to prevent anybody from even
234 * *trying* to pass the result of pcap_lookupdev() - which might be
235 * UTF-16LE on Windows, for ugly compatibility reasons - to pcap_create()
236 * or pcap_open_live() or pcap_open().
237 *
238 * Returns 0 on success, -1 on error.
239 */
240int pcap_new_api;		/* pcap_lookupdev() always fails */
241int pcap_utf_8_mode;		/* Strings should be in UTF-8. */
242
243int
244pcap_init(unsigned int opts, char *errbuf)
245{
246	static int initialized;
247
248	/*
249	 * Don't allow multiple calls that set different modes; that
250	 * may mean a library is initializing pcap in one mode and
251	 * a program using that library, or another library used by
252	 * that program, is initializing it in another mode.
253	 */
254	switch (opts) {
255
256	case PCAP_CHAR_ENC_LOCAL:
257		/* Leave "UTF-8 mode" off. */
258		if (initialized) {
259			if (pcap_utf_8_mode) {
260				snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
261				    "Multiple pcap_init calls with different character encodings");
262				return (PCAP_ERROR);
263			}
264		}
265		break;
266
267	case PCAP_CHAR_ENC_UTF_8:
268		/* Turn on "UTF-8 mode". */
269		if (initialized) {
270			if (!pcap_utf_8_mode) {
271				snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
272				    "Multiple pcap_init calls with different character encodings");
273				return (PCAP_ERROR);
274			}
275		}
276		pcap_utf_8_mode = 1;
277		break;
278
279	default:
280		snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "Unknown options specified");
281		return (PCAP_ERROR);
282	}
283
284	/*
285	 * Turn the appropriate mode on for error messages; those routines
286	 * are also used in rpcapd, which has no access to pcap's internal
287	 * UTF-8 mode flag, so we have to call a routine to set its
288	 * UTF-8 mode flag.
289	 */
290	pcap_fmt_set_encoding(opts);
291
292	if (initialized) {
293		/*
294		 * Nothing more to do; for example, on Windows, we've
295		 * already initialized Winsock.
296		 */
297		return (0);
298	}
299
300#ifdef _WIN32
301	/*
302	 * Now set up Winsock.
303	 */
304	if (internal_wsockinit(errbuf) == -1) {
305		/* Failed. */
306		return (PCAP_ERROR);
307	}
308#endif
309
310	/*
311	 * We're done.
312	 */
313	initialized = 1;
314	pcap_new_api = 1;
315	return (0);
316}
317
318/*
319 * String containing the library version.
320 * Not explicitly exported via a header file - the right API to use
321 * is pcap_lib_version() - but some programs included it, so we
322 * provide it.
323 *
324 * We declare it here, right before defining it, to squelch any
325 * warnings we might get from compilers about the lack of a
326 * declaration.
327 */
328PCAP_API char pcap_version[];
329PCAP_API_DEF char pcap_version[] = PACKAGE_VERSION;
330
331static void
332pcap_set_not_initialized_message(pcap_t *pcap)
333{
334	if (pcap->activated) {
335		/* A module probably forgot to set the function pointer */
336		(void)snprintf(pcap->errbuf, sizeof(pcap->errbuf),
337		    "This operation isn't properly handled by that device");
338		return;
339	}
340	/* in case the caller doesn't check for PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED */
341	(void)snprintf(pcap->errbuf, sizeof(pcap->errbuf),
342	    "This handle hasn't been activated yet");
343}
344
345static int
346pcap_read_not_initialized(pcap_t *pcap, int cnt _U_, pcap_handler callback _U_,
347    u_char *user _U_)
348{
349	pcap_set_not_initialized_message(pcap);
350	/* this means 'not initialized' */
351	return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
352}
353
354static int
355pcap_inject_not_initialized(pcap_t *pcap, const void * buf _U_, size_t size _U_)
356{
357	pcap_set_not_initialized_message(pcap);
358	/* this means 'not initialized' */
359	return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
360}
361
362static int
363pcap_setfilter_not_initialized(pcap_t *pcap, struct bpf_program *fp _U_)
364{
365	pcap_set_not_initialized_message(pcap);
366	/* this means 'not initialized' */
367	return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
368}
369
370static int
371pcap_setdirection_not_initialized(pcap_t *pcap, pcap_direction_t d _U_)
372{
373	pcap_set_not_initialized_message(pcap);
374	/* this means 'not initialized' */
375	return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
376}
377
378static int
379pcap_set_datalink_not_initialized(pcap_t *pcap, int dlt _U_)
380{
381	pcap_set_not_initialized_message(pcap);
382	/* this means 'not initialized' */
383	return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
384}
385
386static int
387pcap_getnonblock_not_initialized(pcap_t *pcap)
388{
389	pcap_set_not_initialized_message(pcap);
390	/* this means 'not initialized' */
391	return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
392}
393
394static int
395pcap_stats_not_initialized(pcap_t *pcap, struct pcap_stat *ps _U_)
396{
397	pcap_set_not_initialized_message(pcap);
398	/* this means 'not initialized' */
399	return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
400}
401
402#ifdef _WIN32
403static struct pcap_stat *
404pcap_stats_ex_not_initialized(pcap_t *pcap, int *pcap_stat_size _U_)
405{
406	pcap_set_not_initialized_message(pcap);
407	return (NULL);
408}
409
410static int
411pcap_setbuff_not_initialized(pcap_t *pcap, int dim _U_)
412{
413	pcap_set_not_initialized_message(pcap);
414	/* this means 'not initialized' */
415	return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
416}
417
418static int
419pcap_setmode_not_initialized(pcap_t *pcap, int mode _U_)
420{
421	pcap_set_not_initialized_message(pcap);
422	/* this means 'not initialized' */
423	return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
424}
425
426static int
427pcap_setmintocopy_not_initialized(pcap_t *pcap, int size _U_)
428{
429	pcap_set_not_initialized_message(pcap);
430	/* this means 'not initialized' */
431	return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
432}
433
434static HANDLE
435pcap_getevent_not_initialized(pcap_t *pcap)
436{
437	pcap_set_not_initialized_message(pcap);
438	return (INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE);
439}
440
441static int
442pcap_oid_get_request_not_initialized(pcap_t *pcap, bpf_u_int32 oid _U_,
443    void *data _U_, size_t *lenp _U_)
444{
445	pcap_set_not_initialized_message(pcap);
446	return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
447}
448
449static int
450pcap_oid_set_request_not_initialized(pcap_t *pcap, bpf_u_int32 oid _U_,
451    const void *data _U_, size_t *lenp _U_)
452{
453	pcap_set_not_initialized_message(pcap);
454	return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
455}
456
457static u_int
458pcap_sendqueue_transmit_not_initialized(pcap_t *pcap, pcap_send_queue* queue _U_,
459    int sync _U_)
460{
461	pcap_set_not_initialized_message(pcap);
462	return (0);
463}
464
465static int
466pcap_setuserbuffer_not_initialized(pcap_t *pcap, int size _U_)
467{
468	pcap_set_not_initialized_message(pcap);
469	return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
470}
471
472static int
473pcap_live_dump_not_initialized(pcap_t *pcap, char *filename _U_, int maxsize _U_,
474    int maxpacks _U_)
475{
476	pcap_set_not_initialized_message(pcap);
477	return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
478}
479
480static int
481pcap_live_dump_ended_not_initialized(pcap_t *pcap, int sync _U_)
482{
483	pcap_set_not_initialized_message(pcap);
484	return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
485}
486
487static PAirpcapHandle
488pcap_get_airpcap_handle_not_initialized(pcap_t *pcap)
489{
490	pcap_set_not_initialized_message(pcap);
491	return (NULL);
492}
493#endif
494
495/*
496 * Returns 1 if rfmon mode can be set on the pcap_t, 0 if it can't,
497 * a PCAP_ERROR value on an error.
498 */
499int
500pcap_can_set_rfmon(pcap_t *p)
501{
502	return (p->can_set_rfmon_op(p));
503}
504
505/*
506 * For systems where rfmon mode is never supported.
507 */
508static int
509pcap_cant_set_rfmon(pcap_t *p _U_)
510{
511	return (0);
512}
513
514/*
515 * Sets *tstamp_typesp to point to an array 1 or more supported time stamp
516 * types; the return value is the number of supported time stamp types.
517 * The list should be freed by a call to pcap_free_tstamp_types() when
518 * you're done with it.
519 *
520 * A return value of 0 means "you don't get a choice of time stamp type",
521 * in which case *tstamp_typesp is set to null.
522 *
523 * PCAP_ERROR is returned on error.
524 */
525int
526pcap_list_tstamp_types(pcap_t *p, int **tstamp_typesp)
527{
528	if (p->tstamp_type_count == 0) {
529		/*
530		 * We don't support multiple time stamp types.
531		 * That means the only type we support is PCAP_TSTAMP_HOST;
532		 * set up a list containing only that type.
533		 */
534		*tstamp_typesp = (int*)malloc(sizeof(**tstamp_typesp));
535		if (*tstamp_typesp == NULL) {
536			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, sizeof(p->errbuf),
537			    errno, "malloc");
538			return (PCAP_ERROR);
539		}
540		**tstamp_typesp = PCAP_TSTAMP_HOST;
541		return (1);
542	} else {
543		*tstamp_typesp = (int*)calloc(sizeof(**tstamp_typesp),
544		    p->tstamp_type_count);
545		if (*tstamp_typesp == NULL) {
546			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, sizeof(p->errbuf),
547			    errno, "malloc");
548			return (PCAP_ERROR);
549		}
550		(void)memcpy(*tstamp_typesp, p->tstamp_type_list,
551		    sizeof(**tstamp_typesp) * p->tstamp_type_count);
552		return (p->tstamp_type_count);
553	}
554}
555
556/*
557 * In Windows, you might have a library built with one version of the
558 * C runtime library and an application built with another version of
559 * the C runtime library, which means that the library might use one
560 * version of malloc() and free() and the application might use another
561 * version of malloc() and free().  If so, that means something
562 * allocated by the library cannot be freed by the application, so we
563 * need to have a pcap_free_tstamp_types() routine to free up the list
564 * allocated by pcap_list_tstamp_types(), even though it's just a wrapper
565 * around free().
566 */
567void
568pcap_free_tstamp_types(int *tstamp_type_list)
569{
570	free(tstamp_type_list);
571}
572
573/*
574 * Default one-shot callback; overridden for capture types where the
575 * packet data cannot be guaranteed to be available after the callback
576 * returns, so that a copy must be made.
577 */
578void
579pcap_oneshot(u_char *user, const struct pcap_pkthdr *h, const u_char *pkt)
580{
581	struct oneshot_userdata *sp = (struct oneshot_userdata *)user;
582
583	*sp->hdr = *h;
584	*sp->pkt = pkt;
585}
586
587const u_char *
588pcap_next(pcap_t *p, struct pcap_pkthdr *h)
589{
590	struct oneshot_userdata s;
591	const u_char *pkt;
592
593	s.hdr = h;
594	s.pkt = &pkt;
595	s.pd = p;
596	if (pcap_dispatch(p, 1, p->oneshot_callback, (u_char *)&s) <= 0)
597		return (0);
598	return (pkt);
599}
600
601int
602pcap_next_ex(pcap_t *p, struct pcap_pkthdr **pkt_header,
603    const u_char **pkt_data)
604{
605	struct oneshot_userdata s;
606
607	s.hdr = &p->pcap_header;
608	s.pkt = pkt_data;
609	s.pd = p;
610
611	/* Saves a pointer to the packet headers */
612	*pkt_header= &p->pcap_header;
613
614	if (p->rfile != NULL) {
615		int status;
616
617		/* We are on an offline capture */
618		status = pcap_offline_read(p, 1, p->oneshot_callback,
619		    (u_char *)&s);
620
621		/*
622		 * Return codes for pcap_offline_read() are:
623		 *   -  0: EOF
624		 *   - -1: error
625		 *   - >0: OK - result is number of packets read, so
626		 *         it will be 1 in this case, as we've passed
627		 *         a maximum packet count of 1
628		 * The first one ('0') conflicts with the return code of
629		 * 0 from pcap_read() meaning "no packets arrived before
630		 * the timeout expired", so we map it to -2 so you can
631		 * distinguish between an EOF from a savefile and a
632		 * "no packets arrived before the timeout expired, try
633		 * again" from a live capture.
634		 */
635		if (status == 0)
636			return (-2);
637		else
638			return (status);
639	}
640
641	/*
642	 * Return codes for pcap_read() are:
643	 *   -  0: timeout
644	 *   - -1: error
645	 *   - -2: loop was broken out of with pcap_breakloop()
646	 *   - >0: OK, result is number of packets captured, so
647	 *         it will be 1 in this case, as we've passed
648	 *         a maximum packet count of 1
649	 * The first one ('0') conflicts with the return code of 0 from
650	 * pcap_offline_read() meaning "end of file".
651	*/
652	return (p->read_op(p, 1, p->oneshot_callback, (u_char *)&s));
653}
654
655/*
656 * Implementation of a pcap_if_list_t.
657 */
658struct pcap_if_list {
659	pcap_if_t *beginning;
660};
661
662static struct capture_source_type {
663	int (*findalldevs_op)(pcap_if_list_t *, char *);
664	pcap_t *(*create_op)(const char *, char *, int *);
665} capture_source_types[] = {
666#ifdef HAVE_DAG_API
667	{ dag_findalldevs, dag_create },
668#endif
669#ifdef HAVE_SEPTEL_API
670	{ septel_findalldevs, septel_create },
671#endif
672#ifdef HAVE_SNF_API
673	{ snf_findalldevs, snf_create },
674#endif
675#ifdef HAVE_TC_API
676	{ TcFindAllDevs, TcCreate },
677#endif
678#ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_BT
679	{ bt_findalldevs, bt_create },
680#endif
681#ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_BT_MONITOR
682	{ bt_monitor_findalldevs, bt_monitor_create },
683#endif
684#ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_LINUX_USBMON
685	{ usb_findalldevs, usb_create },
686#endif
687#ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_NETFILTER
688	{ netfilter_findalldevs, netfilter_create },
689#endif
690#ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_NETMAP
691	{ pcap_netmap_findalldevs, pcap_netmap_create },
692#endif
693#ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_DBUS
694	{ dbus_findalldevs, dbus_create },
695#endif
696#ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_RDMASNIFF
697	{ rdmasniff_findalldevs, rdmasniff_create },
698#endif
699#ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_DPDK
700	{ pcap_dpdk_findalldevs, pcap_dpdk_create },
701#endif
702#ifdef HAVE_AIRPCAP_API
703	{ airpcap_findalldevs, airpcap_create },
704#endif
705	{ NULL, NULL }
706};
707
708/*
709 * Get a list of all capture sources that are up and that we can open.
710 * Returns -1 on error, 0 otherwise.
711 * The list, as returned through "alldevsp", may be null if no interfaces
712 * were up and could be opened.
713 */
714int
715pcap_findalldevs(pcap_if_t **alldevsp, char *errbuf)
716{
717	size_t i;
718	pcap_if_list_t devlist;
719
720	/*
721	 * Find all the local network interfaces on which we
722	 * can capture.
723	 */
724	devlist.beginning = NULL;
725	if (pcap_platform_finddevs(&devlist, errbuf) == -1) {
726		/*
727		 * Failed - free all of the entries we were given
728		 * before we failed.
729		 */
730		if (devlist.beginning != NULL)
731			pcap_freealldevs(devlist.beginning);
732		*alldevsp = NULL;
733		return (-1);
734	}
735
736	/*
737	 * Ask each of the non-local-network-interface capture
738	 * source types what interfaces they have.
739	 */
740	for (i = 0; capture_source_types[i].findalldevs_op != NULL; i++) {
741		if (capture_source_types[i].findalldevs_op(&devlist, errbuf) == -1) {
742			/*
743			 * We had an error; free the list we've been
744			 * constructing.
745			 */
746			if (devlist.beginning != NULL)
747				pcap_freealldevs(devlist.beginning);
748			*alldevsp = NULL;
749			return (-1);
750		}
751	}
752
753	/*
754	 * Return the first entry of the list of all devices.
755	 */
756	*alldevsp = devlist.beginning;
757	return (0);
758}
759
760static struct sockaddr *
761dup_sockaddr(struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sa_length)
762{
763	struct sockaddr *newsa;
764
765	if ((newsa = malloc(sa_length)) == NULL)
766		return (NULL);
767	return (memcpy(newsa, sa, sa_length));
768}
769
770/*
771 * Construct a "figure of merit" for an interface, for use when sorting
772 * the list of interfaces, in which interfaces that are up are superior
773 * to interfaces that aren't up, interfaces that are up and running are
774 * superior to interfaces that are up but not running, and non-loopback
775 * interfaces that are up and running are superior to loopback interfaces,
776 * and interfaces with the same flags have a figure of merit that's higher
777 * the lower the instance number.
778 *
779 * The goal is to try to put the interfaces most likely to be useful for
780 * capture at the beginning of the list.
781 *
782 * The figure of merit, which is lower the "better" the interface is,
783 * has the uppermost bit set if the interface isn't running, the bit
784 * below that set if the interface isn't up, the bit below that
785 * set if the interface is a loopback interface, and the bit below
786 * that set if it's the "any" interface.
787 *
788 * Note: we don't sort by unit number because 1) not all interfaces have
789 * a unit number (systemd, for example, might assign interface names
790 * based on the interface's MAC address or on the physical location of
791 * the adapter's connector), and 2) if the name does end with a simple
792 * unit number, it's not a global property of the interface, it's only
793 * useful as a sort key for device names with the same prefix, so xyz0
794 * shouldn't necessarily sort before abc2.  This means that interfaces
795 * with the same figure of merit will be sorted by the order in which
796 * the mechanism from which we're getting the interfaces supplies them.
797 */
798static u_int
799get_figure_of_merit(pcap_if_t *dev)
800{
801	u_int n;
802
803	n = 0;
804	if (!(dev->flags & PCAP_IF_RUNNING))
805		n |= 0x80000000;
806	if (!(dev->flags & PCAP_IF_UP))
807		n |= 0x40000000;
808
809	/*
810	 * Give non-wireless interfaces that aren't disconnected a better
811	 * figure of merit than interfaces that are disconnected, as
812	 * "disconnected" should indicate that the interface isn't
813	 * plugged into a network and thus won't give you any traffic.
814	 *
815	 * For wireless interfaces, it means "associated with a network",
816	 * which we presume not to necessarily prevent capture, as you
817	 * might run the adapter in some flavor of monitor mode.
818	 */
819	if (!(dev->flags & PCAP_IF_WIRELESS) &&
820	    (dev->flags & PCAP_IF_CONNECTION_STATUS) == PCAP_IF_CONNECTION_STATUS_DISCONNECTED)
821		n |= 0x20000000;
822
823	/*
824	 * Sort loopback devices after non-loopback devices, *except* for
825	 * disconnected devices.
826	 */
827	if (dev->flags & PCAP_IF_LOOPBACK)
828		n |= 0x10000000;
829
830	/*
831	 * Sort the "any" device before loopback and disconnected devices,
832	 * but after all other devices.
833	 */
834	if (strcmp(dev->name, "any") == 0)
835		n |= 0x08000000;
836
837	return (n);
838}
839
840#ifndef _WIN32
841/*
842 * Try to get a description for a given device.
843 * Returns a mallocated description if it could and NULL if it couldn't.
844 *
845 * XXX - on FreeBSDs that support it, should it get the sysctl named
846 * "dev.{adapter family name}.{adapter unit}.%desc" to get a description
847 * of the adapter?  Note that "dev.an.0.%desc" is "Aironet PC4500/PC4800"
848 * with my Cisco 350 card, so the name isn't entirely descriptive.  The
849 * "dev.an.0.%pnpinfo" has a better description, although one might argue
850 * that the problem is really a driver bug - if it can find out that it's
851 * a Cisco 340 or 350, rather than an old Aironet card, it should use
852 * that in the description.
853 *
854 * Do NetBSD, DragonflyBSD, or OpenBSD support this as well?  FreeBSD
855 * and OpenBSD let you get a description, but it's not generated by the OS,
856 * it's set with another ioctl that ifconfig supports; we use that to get
857 * a description in FreeBSD and OpenBSD, but if there is no such
858 * description available, it still might be nice to get some description
859 * string based on the device type or something such as that.
860 *
861 * In macOS, the System Configuration framework can apparently return
862 * names in 10.4 and later.
863 *
864 * It also appears that freedesktop.org's HAL offers an "info.product"
865 * string, but the HAL specification says it "should not be used in any
866 * UI" and "subsystem/capability specific properties" should be used
867 * instead and, in any case, I think HAL is being deprecated in
868 * favor of other stuff such as DeviceKit.  DeviceKit doesn't appear
869 * to have any obvious product information for devices, but maybe
870 * I haven't looked hard enough.
871 *
872 * Using the System Configuration framework, or HAL, or DeviceKit, or
873 * whatever, would require that libpcap applications be linked with
874 * the frameworks/libraries in question.  That shouldn't be a problem
875 * for programs linking with the shared version of libpcap (unless
876 * you're running on AIX - which I think is the only UN*X that doesn't
877 * support linking a shared library with other libraries on which it
878 * depends, and having an executable linked only with the first shared
879 * library automatically pick up the other libraries when started -
880 * and using HAL or whatever).  Programs linked with the static
881 * version of libpcap would have to use pcap-config with the --static
882 * flag in order to get the right linker flags in order to pick up
883 * the additional libraries/frameworks; those programs need that anyway
884 * for libpcap 1.1 and beyond on Linux, as, by default, it requires
885 * -lnl.
886 *
887 * Do any other UN*Xes, or desktop environments support getting a
888 * description?
889 */
890static char *
891#ifdef SIOCGIFDESCR
892get_if_description(const char *name)
893{
894	char *description = NULL;
895	int s;
896	struct ifreq ifrdesc;
897#ifndef IFDESCRSIZE
898	size_t descrlen = 64;
899#else
900	size_t descrlen = IFDESCRSIZE;
901#endif /* IFDESCRSIZE */
902
903	/*
904	 * Get the description for the interface.
905	 */
906	memset(&ifrdesc, 0, sizeof ifrdesc);
907	pcap_strlcpy(ifrdesc.ifr_name, name, sizeof ifrdesc.ifr_name);
908	s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
909	if (s >= 0) {
910#ifdef __FreeBSD__
911		/*
912		 * On FreeBSD, if the buffer isn't big enough for the
913		 * description, the ioctl succeeds, but the description
914		 * isn't copied, ifr_buffer.length is set to the description
915		 * length, and ifr_buffer.buffer is set to NULL.
916		 */
917		for (;;) {
918			free(description);
919			if ((description = malloc(descrlen)) != NULL) {
920				ifrdesc.ifr_buffer.buffer = description;
921				ifrdesc.ifr_buffer.length = descrlen;
922				if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFDESCR, &ifrdesc) == 0) {
923					if (ifrdesc.ifr_buffer.buffer ==
924					    description)
925						break;
926					else
927						descrlen = ifrdesc.ifr_buffer.length;
928				} else {
929					/*
930					 * Failed to get interface description.
931					 */
932					free(description);
933					description = NULL;
934					break;
935				}
936			} else
937				break;
938		}
939#else /* __FreeBSD__ */
940		/*
941		 * The only other OS that currently supports
942		 * SIOCGIFDESCR is OpenBSD, and it has no way
943		 * to get the description length - it's clamped
944		 * to a maximum of IFDESCRSIZE.
945		 */
946		if ((description = malloc(descrlen)) != NULL) {
947			ifrdesc.ifr_data = (caddr_t)description;
948			if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFDESCR, &ifrdesc) != 0) {
949				/*
950				 * Failed to get interface description.
951				 */
952				free(description);
953				description = NULL;
954			}
955		}
956#endif /* __FreeBSD__ */
957		close(s);
958		if (description != NULL && description[0] == '\0') {
959			/*
960			 * Description is empty, so discard it.
961			 */
962			free(description);
963			description = NULL;
964		}
965	}
966
967#ifdef __FreeBSD__
968	/*
969	 * For FreeBSD, if we didn't get a description, and this is
970	 * a device with a name of the form usbusN, label it as a USB
971	 * bus.
972	 */
973	if (description == NULL) {
974		if (strncmp(name, "usbus", 5) == 0) {
975			/*
976			 * OK, it begins with "usbus".
977			 */
978			long busnum;
979			char *p;
980
981			errno = 0;
982			busnum = strtol(name + 5, &p, 10);
983			if (errno == 0 && p != name + 5 && *p == '\0' &&
984			    busnum >= 0 && busnum <= INT_MAX) {
985				/*
986				 * OK, it's a valid number that's not
987				 * bigger than INT_MAX.  Construct
988				 * a description from it.
989				 * (If that fails, we don't worry about
990				 * it, we just return NULL.)
991				 */
992				if (pcap_asprintf(&description,
993				    "USB bus number %ld", busnum) == -1) {
994					/* Failed. */
995					description = NULL;
996				}
997			}
998		}
999	}
1000#endif
1001	return (description);
1002#else /* SIOCGIFDESCR */
1003get_if_description(const char *name _U_)
1004{
1005	return (NULL);
1006#endif /* SIOCGIFDESCR */
1007}
1008
1009/*
1010 * Look for a given device in the specified list of devices.
1011 *
1012 * If we find it, return a pointer to its entry.
1013 *
1014 * If we don't find it, attempt to add an entry for it, with the specified
1015 * IFF_ flags and description, and, if that succeeds, return a pointer to
1016 * the new entry, otherwise return NULL and set errbuf to an error message.
1017 */
1018pcap_if_t *
1019find_or_add_if(pcap_if_list_t *devlistp, const char *name,
1020    bpf_u_int32 if_flags, get_if_flags_func get_flags_func, char *errbuf)
1021{
1022	bpf_u_int32 pcap_flags;
1023
1024	/*
1025	 * Convert IFF_ flags to pcap flags.
1026	 */
1027	pcap_flags = 0;
1028#ifdef IFF_LOOPBACK
1029	if (if_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK)
1030		pcap_flags |= PCAP_IF_LOOPBACK;
1031#else
1032	/*
1033	 * We don't have IFF_LOOPBACK, so look at the device name to
1034	 * see if it looks like a loopback device.
1035	 */
1036	if (name[0] == 'l' && name[1] == 'o' &&
1037	    (PCAP_ISDIGIT(name[2]) || name[2] == '\0'))
1038		pcap_flags |= PCAP_IF_LOOPBACK;
1039#endif
1040#ifdef IFF_UP
1041	if (if_flags & IFF_UP)
1042		pcap_flags |= PCAP_IF_UP;
1043#endif
1044#ifdef IFF_RUNNING
1045	if (if_flags & IFF_RUNNING)
1046		pcap_flags |= PCAP_IF_RUNNING;
1047#endif
1048
1049	/*
1050	 * Attempt to find an entry for this device; if we don't find one,
1051	 * attempt to add one.
1052	 */
1053	return (find_or_add_dev(devlistp, name, pcap_flags,
1054	    get_flags_func, get_if_description(name), errbuf));
1055}
1056
1057/*
1058 * Look for a given device in the specified list of devices.
1059 *
1060 * If we find it, then, if the specified address isn't null, add it to
1061 * the list of addresses for the device and return 0.
1062 *
1063 * If we don't find it, attempt to add an entry for it, with the specified
1064 * IFF_ flags and description, and, if that succeeds, add the specified
1065 * address to its list of addresses if that address is non-null, and
1066 * return 0, otherwise return -1 and set errbuf to an error message.
1067 *
1068 * (We can get called with a null address because we might get a list
1069 * of interface name/address combinations from the underlying OS, with
1070 * the address being absent in some cases, rather than a list of
1071 * interfaces with each interface having a list of addresses, so this
1072 * call may be the only call made to add to the list, and we want to
1073 * add interfaces even if they have no addresses.)
1074 */
1075int
1076add_addr_to_if(pcap_if_list_t *devlistp, const char *name,
1077    bpf_u_int32 if_flags, get_if_flags_func get_flags_func,
1078    struct sockaddr *addr, size_t addr_size,
1079    struct sockaddr *netmask, size_t netmask_size,
1080    struct sockaddr *broadaddr, size_t broadaddr_size,
1081    struct sockaddr *dstaddr, size_t dstaddr_size,
1082    char *errbuf)
1083{
1084	pcap_if_t *curdev;
1085
1086	/*
1087	 * Check whether the device exists and, if not, add it.
1088	 */
1089	curdev = find_or_add_if(devlistp, name, if_flags, get_flags_func,
1090	    errbuf);
1091	if (curdev == NULL) {
1092		/*
1093		 * Error - give up.
1094		 */
1095		return (-1);
1096	}
1097
1098	if (addr == NULL) {
1099		/*
1100		 * There's no address to add; this entry just meant
1101		 * "here's a new interface".
1102		 */
1103		return (0);
1104	}
1105
1106	/*
1107	 * "curdev" is an entry for this interface, and we have an
1108	 * address for it; add an entry for that address to the
1109	 * interface's list of addresses.
1110	 */
1111	return (add_addr_to_dev(curdev, addr, addr_size, netmask,
1112	    netmask_size, broadaddr, broadaddr_size, dstaddr,
1113	    dstaddr_size, errbuf));
1114}
1115#endif /* _WIN32 */
1116
1117/*
1118 * Add an entry to the list of addresses for an interface.
1119 * "curdev" is the entry for that interface.
1120 */
1121int
1122add_addr_to_dev(pcap_if_t *curdev,
1123    struct sockaddr *addr, size_t addr_size,
1124    struct sockaddr *netmask, size_t netmask_size,
1125    struct sockaddr *broadaddr, size_t broadaddr_size,
1126    struct sockaddr *dstaddr, size_t dstaddr_size,
1127    char *errbuf)
1128{
1129	pcap_addr_t *curaddr, *prevaddr, *nextaddr;
1130
1131	/*
1132	 * Allocate the new entry and fill it in.
1133	 */
1134	curaddr = (pcap_addr_t *)malloc(sizeof(pcap_addr_t));
1135	if (curaddr == NULL) {
1136		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1137		    errno, "malloc");
1138		return (-1);
1139	}
1140
1141	curaddr->next = NULL;
1142	if (addr != NULL && addr_size != 0) {
1143		curaddr->addr = (struct sockaddr *)dup_sockaddr(addr, addr_size);
1144		if (curaddr->addr == NULL) {
1145			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1146			    errno, "malloc");
1147			free(curaddr);
1148			return (-1);
1149		}
1150	} else
1151		curaddr->addr = NULL;
1152
1153	if (netmask != NULL && netmask_size != 0) {
1154		curaddr->netmask = (struct sockaddr *)dup_sockaddr(netmask, netmask_size);
1155		if (curaddr->netmask == NULL) {
1156			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1157			    errno, "malloc");
1158			if (curaddr->addr != NULL)
1159				free(curaddr->addr);
1160			free(curaddr);
1161			return (-1);
1162		}
1163	} else
1164		curaddr->netmask = NULL;
1165
1166	if (broadaddr != NULL && broadaddr_size != 0) {
1167		curaddr->broadaddr = (struct sockaddr *)dup_sockaddr(broadaddr, broadaddr_size);
1168		if (curaddr->broadaddr == NULL) {
1169			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1170			    errno, "malloc");
1171			if (curaddr->netmask != NULL)
1172				free(curaddr->netmask);
1173			if (curaddr->addr != NULL)
1174				free(curaddr->addr);
1175			free(curaddr);
1176			return (-1);
1177		}
1178	} else
1179		curaddr->broadaddr = NULL;
1180
1181	if (dstaddr != NULL && dstaddr_size != 0) {
1182		curaddr->dstaddr = (struct sockaddr *)dup_sockaddr(dstaddr, dstaddr_size);
1183		if (curaddr->dstaddr == NULL) {
1184			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1185			    errno, "malloc");
1186			if (curaddr->broadaddr != NULL)
1187				free(curaddr->broadaddr);
1188			if (curaddr->netmask != NULL)
1189				free(curaddr->netmask);
1190			if (curaddr->addr != NULL)
1191				free(curaddr->addr);
1192			free(curaddr);
1193			return (-1);
1194		}
1195	} else
1196		curaddr->dstaddr = NULL;
1197
1198	/*
1199	 * Find the end of the list of addresses.
1200	 */
1201	for (prevaddr = curdev->addresses; prevaddr != NULL; prevaddr = nextaddr) {
1202		nextaddr = prevaddr->next;
1203		if (nextaddr == NULL) {
1204			/*
1205			 * This is the end of the list.
1206			 */
1207			break;
1208		}
1209	}
1210
1211	if (prevaddr == NULL) {
1212		/*
1213		 * The list was empty; this is the first member.
1214		 */
1215		curdev->addresses = curaddr;
1216	} else {
1217		/*
1218		 * "prevaddr" is the last member of the list; append
1219		 * this member to it.
1220		 */
1221		prevaddr->next = curaddr;
1222	}
1223
1224	return (0);
1225}
1226
1227/*
1228 * Look for a given device in the specified list of devices.
1229 *
1230 * If we find it, return 0 and set *curdev_ret to point to it.
1231 *
1232 * If we don't find it, attempt to add an entry for it, with the specified
1233 * flags and description, and, if that succeeds, return 0, otherwise
1234 * return -1 and set errbuf to an error message.
1235 */
1236pcap_if_t *
1237find_or_add_dev(pcap_if_list_t *devlistp, const char *name, bpf_u_int32 flags,
1238    get_if_flags_func get_flags_func, const char *description, char *errbuf)
1239{
1240	pcap_if_t *curdev;
1241
1242	/*
1243	 * Is there already an entry in the list for this device?
1244	 */
1245	curdev = find_dev(devlistp, name);
1246	if (curdev != NULL) {
1247		/*
1248		 * Yes, return it.
1249		 */
1250		return (curdev);
1251	}
1252
1253	/*
1254	 * No, we didn't find it.
1255	 */
1256
1257	/*
1258	 * Try to get additional flags for the device.
1259	 */
1260	if ((*get_flags_func)(name, &flags, errbuf) == -1) {
1261		/*
1262		 * Failed.
1263		 */
1264		return (NULL);
1265	}
1266
1267	/*
1268	 * Now, try to add it to the list of devices.
1269	 */
1270	return (add_dev(devlistp, name, flags, description, errbuf));
1271}
1272
1273/*
1274 * Look for a given device in the specified list of devices, and return
1275 * the entry for it if we find it or NULL if we don't.
1276 */
1277pcap_if_t *
1278find_dev(pcap_if_list_t *devlistp, const char *name)
1279{
1280	pcap_if_t *curdev;
1281
1282	/*
1283	 * Is there an entry in the list for this device?
1284	 */
1285	for (curdev = devlistp->beginning; curdev != NULL;
1286	    curdev = curdev->next) {
1287		if (strcmp(name, curdev->name) == 0) {
1288			/*
1289			 * We found it, so, yes, there is.  No need to
1290			 * add it.  Provide the entry we found to our
1291			 * caller.
1292			 */
1293			return (curdev);
1294		}
1295	}
1296
1297	/*
1298	 * No.
1299	 */
1300	return (NULL);
1301}
1302
1303/*
1304 * Attempt to add an entry for a device, with the specified flags
1305 * and description, and, if that succeeds, return 0 and return a pointer
1306 * to the new entry, otherwise return NULL and set errbuf to an error
1307 * message.
1308 *
1309 * If we weren't given a description, try to get one.
1310 */
1311pcap_if_t *
1312add_dev(pcap_if_list_t *devlistp, const char *name, bpf_u_int32 flags,
1313    const char *description, char *errbuf)
1314{
1315	pcap_if_t *curdev, *prevdev, *nextdev;
1316	u_int this_figure_of_merit, nextdev_figure_of_merit;
1317
1318	curdev = malloc(sizeof(pcap_if_t));
1319	if (curdev == NULL) {
1320		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1321		    errno, "malloc");
1322		return (NULL);
1323	}
1324
1325	/*
1326	 * Fill in the entry.
1327	 */
1328	curdev->next = NULL;
1329	curdev->name = strdup(name);
1330	if (curdev->name == NULL) {
1331		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1332		    errno, "malloc");
1333		free(curdev);
1334		return (NULL);
1335	}
1336	if (description == NULL) {
1337		/*
1338		 * We weren't handed a description for the interface.
1339		 */
1340		curdev->description = NULL;
1341	} else {
1342		/*
1343		 * We were handed a description; make a copy.
1344		 */
1345		curdev->description = strdup(description);
1346		if (curdev->description == NULL) {
1347			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1348			    errno, "malloc");
1349			free(curdev->name);
1350			free(curdev);
1351			return (NULL);
1352		}
1353	}
1354	curdev->addresses = NULL;	/* list starts out as empty */
1355	curdev->flags = flags;
1356
1357	/*
1358	 * Add it to the list, in the appropriate location.
1359	 * First, get the "figure of merit" for this interface.
1360	 */
1361	this_figure_of_merit = get_figure_of_merit(curdev);
1362
1363	/*
1364	 * Now look for the last interface with an figure of merit
1365	 * less than or equal to the new interface's figure of merit.
1366	 *
1367	 * We start with "prevdev" being NULL, meaning we're before
1368	 * the first element in the list.
1369	 */
1370	prevdev = NULL;
1371	for (;;) {
1372		/*
1373		 * Get the interface after this one.
1374		 */
1375		if (prevdev == NULL) {
1376			/*
1377			 * The next element is the first element.
1378			 */
1379			nextdev = devlistp->beginning;
1380		} else
1381			nextdev = prevdev->next;
1382
1383		/*
1384		 * Are we at the end of the list?
1385		 */
1386		if (nextdev == NULL) {
1387			/*
1388			 * Yes - we have to put the new entry after "prevdev".
1389			 */
1390			break;
1391		}
1392
1393		/*
1394		 * Is the new interface's figure of merit less
1395		 * than the next interface's figure of merit,
1396		 * meaning that the new interface is better
1397		 * than the next interface?
1398		 */
1399		nextdev_figure_of_merit = get_figure_of_merit(nextdev);
1400		if (this_figure_of_merit < nextdev_figure_of_merit) {
1401			/*
1402			 * Yes - we should put the new entry
1403			 * before "nextdev", i.e. after "prevdev".
1404			 */
1405			break;
1406		}
1407
1408		prevdev = nextdev;
1409	}
1410
1411	/*
1412	 * Insert before "nextdev".
1413	 */
1414	curdev->next = nextdev;
1415
1416	/*
1417	 * Insert after "prevdev" - unless "prevdev" is null,
1418	 * in which case this is the first interface.
1419	 */
1420	if (prevdev == NULL) {
1421		/*
1422		 * This is the first interface.  Make it
1423		 * the first element in the list of devices.
1424		 */
1425		devlistp->beginning = curdev;
1426	} else
1427		prevdev->next = curdev;
1428	return (curdev);
1429}
1430
1431/*
1432 * Free a list of interfaces.
1433 */
1434void
1435pcap_freealldevs(pcap_if_t *alldevs)
1436{
1437	pcap_if_t *curdev, *nextdev;
1438	pcap_addr_t *curaddr, *nextaddr;
1439
1440	for (curdev = alldevs; curdev != NULL; curdev = nextdev) {
1441		nextdev = curdev->next;
1442
1443		/*
1444		 * Free all addresses.
1445		 */
1446		for (curaddr = curdev->addresses; curaddr != NULL; curaddr = nextaddr) {
1447			nextaddr = curaddr->next;
1448			if (curaddr->addr)
1449				free(curaddr->addr);
1450			if (curaddr->netmask)
1451				free(curaddr->netmask);
1452			if (curaddr->broadaddr)
1453				free(curaddr->broadaddr);
1454			if (curaddr->dstaddr)
1455				free(curaddr->dstaddr);
1456			free(curaddr);
1457		}
1458
1459		/*
1460		 * Free the name string.
1461		 */
1462		free(curdev->name);
1463
1464		/*
1465		 * Free the description string, if any.
1466		 */
1467		if (curdev->description != NULL)
1468			free(curdev->description);
1469
1470		/*
1471		 * Free the interface.
1472		 */
1473		free(curdev);
1474	}
1475}
1476
1477/*
1478 * pcap-npf.c has its own pcap_lookupdev(), for compatibility reasons, as
1479 * it actually returns the names of all interfaces, with a NUL separator
1480 * between them; some callers may depend on that.
1481 *
1482 * MS-DOS has its own pcap_lookupdev(), but that might be useful only
1483 * as an optimization.
1484 *
1485 * In all other cases, we just use pcap_findalldevs() to get a list of
1486 * devices, and pick from that list.
1487 */
1488#if !defined(HAVE_PACKET32) && !defined(MSDOS)
1489/*
1490 * Return the name of a network interface attached to the system, or NULL
1491 * if none can be found.  The interface must be configured up; the
1492 * lowest unit number is preferred; loopback is ignored.
1493 */
1494char *
1495pcap_lookupdev(char *errbuf)
1496{
1497	pcap_if_t *alldevs;
1498#ifdef _WIN32
1499  /*
1500   * Windows - use the same size as the old WinPcap 3.1 code.
1501   * XXX - this is probably bigger than it needs to be.
1502   */
1503  #define IF_NAMESIZE 8192
1504#else
1505  /*
1506   * UN*X - use the system's interface name size.
1507   * XXX - that might not be large enough for capture devices
1508   * that aren't regular network interfaces.
1509   */
1510  /* for old BSD systems, including bsdi3 */
1511  #ifndef IF_NAMESIZE
1512  #define IF_NAMESIZE IFNAMSIZ
1513  #endif
1514#endif
1515	static char device[IF_NAMESIZE + 1];
1516	char *ret;
1517
1518	/*
1519	 * We disable this in "new API" mode, because 1) in WinPcap/Npcap,
1520	 * it may return UTF-16 strings, for backwards-compatibility
1521	 * reasons, and we're also disabling the hack to make that work,
1522	 * for not-going-past-the-end-of-a-string reasons, and 2) we
1523	 * want its behavior to be consistent.
1524	 *
1525	 * In addition, it's not thread-safe, so we've marked it as
1526	 * deprecated.
1527	 */
1528	if (pcap_new_api) {
1529		snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1530		    "pcap_lookupdev() is deprecated and is not supported in programs calling pcap_init()");
1531		return (NULL);
1532	}
1533
1534	if (pcap_findalldevs(&alldevs, errbuf) == -1)
1535		return (NULL);
1536
1537	if (alldevs == NULL || (alldevs->flags & PCAP_IF_LOOPBACK)) {
1538		/*
1539		 * There are no devices on the list, or the first device
1540		 * on the list is a loopback device, which means there
1541		 * are no non-loopback devices on the list.  This means
1542		 * we can't return any device.
1543		 *
1544		 * XXX - why not return a loopback device?  If we can't
1545		 * capture on it, it won't be on the list, and if it's
1546		 * on the list, there aren't any non-loopback devices,
1547		 * so why not just supply it as the default device?
1548		 */
1549		(void)pcap_strlcpy(errbuf, "no suitable device found",
1550		    PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE);
1551		ret = NULL;
1552	} else {
1553		/*
1554		 * Return the name of the first device on the list.
1555		 */
1556		(void)pcap_strlcpy(device, alldevs->name, sizeof(device));
1557		ret = device;
1558	}
1559
1560	pcap_freealldevs(alldevs);
1561	return (ret);
1562}
1563#endif /* !defined(HAVE_PACKET32) && !defined(MSDOS) */
1564
1565#if !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(MSDOS)
1566/*
1567 * We don't just fetch the entire list of devices, search for the
1568 * particular device, and use its first IPv4 address, as that's too
1569 * much work to get just one device's netmask.
1570 *
1571 * If we had an API to get attributes for a given device, we could
1572 * use that.
1573 */
1574int
1575pcap_lookupnet(const char *device, bpf_u_int32 *netp, bpf_u_int32 *maskp,
1576    char *errbuf)
1577{
1578	register int fd;
1579	register struct sockaddr_in *sin4;
1580	struct ifreq ifr;
1581
1582	/*
1583	 * The pseudo-device "any" listens on all interfaces and therefore
1584	 * has the network address and -mask "0.0.0.0" therefore catching
1585	 * all traffic. Using NULL for the interface is the same as "any".
1586	 */
1587	if (!device || strcmp(device, "any") == 0
1588#ifdef HAVE_DAG_API
1589	    || strstr(device, "dag") != NULL
1590#endif
1591#ifdef HAVE_SEPTEL_API
1592	    || strstr(device, "septel") != NULL
1593#endif
1594#ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_BT
1595	    || strstr(device, "bluetooth") != NULL
1596#endif
1597#ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_LINUX_USBMON
1598	    || strstr(device, "usbmon") != NULL
1599#endif
1600#ifdef HAVE_SNF_API
1601	    || strstr(device, "snf") != NULL
1602#endif
1603#ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_NETMAP
1604	    || strncmp(device, "netmap:", 7) == 0
1605	    || strncmp(device, "vale", 4) == 0
1606#endif
1607#ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_DPDK
1608	    || strncmp(device, "dpdk:", 5) == 0
1609#endif
1610	    ) {
1611		*netp = *maskp = 0;
1612		return 0;
1613	}
1614
1615	fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
1616	if (fd < 0) {
1617		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1618		    errno, "socket");
1619		return (-1);
1620	}
1621	memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
1622#ifdef linux
1623	/* XXX Work around Linux kernel bug */
1624	ifr.ifr_addr.sa_family = AF_INET;
1625#endif
1626	(void)pcap_strlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, device, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
1627	if (ioctl(fd, SIOCGIFADDR, (char *)&ifr) < 0) {
1628		if (errno == EADDRNOTAVAIL) {
1629			(void)snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1630			    "%s: no IPv4 address assigned", device);
1631		} else {
1632			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1633			    errno, "SIOCGIFADDR: %s", device);
1634		}
1635		(void)close(fd);
1636		return (-1);
1637	}
1638	sin4 = (struct sockaddr_in *)&ifr.ifr_addr;
1639	*netp = sin4->sin_addr.s_addr;
1640	memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
1641#ifdef linux
1642	/* XXX Work around Linux kernel bug */
1643	ifr.ifr_addr.sa_family = AF_INET;
1644#endif
1645	(void)pcap_strlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, device, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
1646	if (ioctl(fd, SIOCGIFNETMASK, (char *)&ifr) < 0) {
1647		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1648		    errno, "SIOCGIFNETMASK: %s", device);
1649		(void)close(fd);
1650		return (-1);
1651	}
1652	(void)close(fd);
1653	*maskp = sin4->sin_addr.s_addr;
1654	if (*maskp == 0) {
1655		if (IN_CLASSA(*netp))
1656			*maskp = IN_CLASSA_NET;
1657		else if (IN_CLASSB(*netp))
1658			*maskp = IN_CLASSB_NET;
1659		else if (IN_CLASSC(*netp))
1660			*maskp = IN_CLASSC_NET;
1661		else {
1662			(void)snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1663			    "inet class for 0x%x unknown", *netp);
1664			return (-1);
1665		}
1666	}
1667	*netp &= *maskp;
1668	return (0);
1669}
1670#endif /* !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(MSDOS) */
1671
1672#ifdef ENABLE_REMOTE
1673#include "pcap-rpcap.h"
1674
1675/*
1676 * Extract a substring from a string.
1677 */
1678static char *
1679get_substring(const char *p, size_t len, char *ebuf)
1680{
1681	char *token;
1682
1683	token = malloc(len + 1);
1684	if (token == NULL) {
1685		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1686		    errno, "malloc");
1687		return (NULL);
1688	}
1689	memcpy(token, p, len);
1690	token[len] = '\0';
1691	return (token);
1692}
1693
1694/*
1695 * Parse a capture source that might be a URL.
1696 *
1697 * If the source is not a URL, *schemep, *userinfop, *hostp, and *portp
1698 * are set to NULL, *pathp is set to point to the source, and 0 is
1699 * returned.
1700 *
1701 * If source is a URL, and the URL refers to a local device (a special
1702 * case of rpcap:), *schemep, *userinfop, *hostp, and *portp are set
1703 * to NULL, *pathp is set to point to the device name, and 0 is returned.
1704 *
1705 * If source is a URL, and it's not a special case that refers to a local
1706 * device, and the parse succeeds:
1707 *
1708 *    *schemep is set to point to an allocated string containing the scheme;
1709 *
1710 *    if user information is present in the URL, *userinfop is set to point
1711 *    to an allocated string containing the user information, otherwise
1712 *    it's set to NULL;
1713 *
1714 *    if host information is present in the URL, *hostp is set to point
1715 *    to an allocated string containing the host information, otherwise
1716 *    it's set to NULL;
1717 *
1718 *    if a port number is present in the URL, *portp is set to point
1719 *    to an allocated string containing the port number, otherwise
1720 *    it's set to NULL;
1721 *
1722 *    *pathp is set to point to an allocated string containing the
1723 *    path;
1724 *
1725 * and 0 is returned.
1726 *
1727 * If the parse fails, ebuf is set to an error string, and -1 is returned.
1728 */
1729static int
1730pcap_parse_source(const char *source, char **schemep, char **userinfop,
1731    char **hostp, char **portp, char **pathp, char *ebuf)
1732{
1733	char *colonp;
1734	size_t scheme_len;
1735	char *scheme;
1736	const char *endp;
1737	size_t authority_len;
1738	char *authority;
1739	char *parsep, *atsignp, *bracketp;
1740	char *userinfo, *host, *port, *path;
1741
1742	/*
1743	 * Start out returning nothing.
1744	 */
1745	*schemep = NULL;
1746	*userinfop = NULL;
1747	*hostp = NULL;
1748	*portp = NULL;
1749	*pathp = NULL;
1750
1751	/*
1752	 * RFC 3986 says:
1753	 *
1754	 *   URI         = scheme ":" hier-part [ "?" query ] [ "#" fragment ]
1755	 *
1756	 *   hier-part   = "//" authority path-abempty
1757	 *               / path-absolute
1758	 *               / path-rootless
1759	 *               / path-empty
1760	 *
1761	 *   authority   = [ userinfo "@" ] host [ ":" port ]
1762	 *
1763	 *   userinfo    = *( unreserved / pct-encoded / sub-delims / ":" )
1764         *
1765         * Step 1: look for the ":" at the end of the scheme.
1766	 * A colon in the source is *NOT* sufficient to indicate that
1767	 * this is a URL, as interface names on some platforms might
1768	 * include colons (e.g., I think some Solaris interfaces
1769	 * might).
1770	 */
1771	colonp = strchr(source, ':');
1772	if (colonp == NULL) {
1773		/*
1774		 * The source is the device to open.
1775		 * Return a NULL pointer for the scheme, user information,
1776		 * host, and port, and return the device as the path.
1777		 */
1778		*pathp = strdup(source);
1779		if (*pathp == NULL) {
1780			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1781			    errno, "malloc");
1782			return (-1);
1783		}
1784		return (0);
1785	}
1786
1787	/*
1788	 * All schemes must have "//" after them, i.e. we only support
1789	 * hier-part   = "//" authority path-abempty, not
1790	 * hier-part   = path-absolute
1791	 * hier-part   = path-rootless
1792	 * hier-part   = path-empty
1793	 *
1794	 * We need that in order to distinguish between a local device
1795	 * name that happens to contain a colon and a URI.
1796	 */
1797	if (strncmp(colonp + 1, "//", 2) != 0) {
1798		/*
1799		 * The source is the device to open.
1800		 * Return a NULL pointer for the scheme, user information,
1801		 * host, and port, and return the device as the path.
1802		 */
1803		*pathp = strdup(source);
1804		if (*pathp == NULL) {
1805			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1806			    errno, "malloc");
1807			return (-1);
1808		}
1809		return (0);
1810	}
1811
1812	/*
1813	 * XXX - check whether the purported scheme could be a scheme?
1814	 */
1815
1816	/*
1817	 * OK, this looks like a URL.
1818	 * Get the scheme.
1819	 */
1820	scheme_len = colonp - source;
1821	scheme = malloc(scheme_len + 1);
1822	if (scheme == NULL) {
1823		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1824		    errno, "malloc");
1825		return (-1);
1826	}
1827	memcpy(scheme, source, scheme_len);
1828	scheme[scheme_len] = '\0';
1829
1830	/*
1831	 * Treat file: specially - take everything after file:// as
1832	 * the pathname.
1833	 */
1834	if (pcap_strcasecmp(scheme, "file") == 0) {
1835		*pathp = strdup(colonp + 3);
1836		if (*pathp == NULL) {
1837			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1838			    errno, "malloc");
1839			free(scheme);
1840			return (-1);
1841		}
1842		*schemep = scheme;
1843		return (0);
1844	}
1845
1846	/*
1847	 * The WinPcap documentation says you can specify a local
1848	 * interface with "rpcap://{device}"; we special-case
1849	 * that here.  If the scheme is "rpcap", and there are
1850	 * no slashes past the "//", we just return the device.
1851	 *
1852	 * XXX - %-escaping?
1853	 */
1854	if ((pcap_strcasecmp(scheme, "rpcap") == 0 ||
1855	    pcap_strcasecmp(scheme, "rpcaps") == 0) &&
1856	    strchr(colonp + 3, '/') == NULL) {
1857		/*
1858		 * Local device.
1859		 *
1860		 * Return a NULL pointer for the scheme, user information,
1861		 * host, and port, and return the device as the path.
1862		 */
1863		free(scheme);
1864		*pathp = strdup(colonp + 3);
1865		if (*pathp == NULL) {
1866			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1867			    errno, "malloc");
1868			return (-1);
1869		}
1870		return (0);
1871	}
1872
1873	/*
1874	 * OK, now start parsing the authority.
1875	 * Get token, terminated with / or terminated at the end of
1876	 * the string.
1877	 */
1878	authority_len = strcspn(colonp + 3, "/");
1879	authority = get_substring(colonp + 3, authority_len, ebuf);
1880	if (authority == NULL) {
1881		/*
1882		 * Error.
1883		 */
1884		free(scheme);
1885		return (-1);
1886	}
1887	endp = colonp + 3 + authority_len;
1888
1889	/*
1890	 * Now carve the authority field into its components.
1891	 */
1892	parsep = authority;
1893
1894	/*
1895	 * Is there a userinfo field?
1896	 */
1897	atsignp = strchr(parsep, '@');
1898	if (atsignp != NULL) {
1899		/*
1900		 * Yes.
1901		 */
1902		size_t userinfo_len;
1903
1904		userinfo_len = atsignp - parsep;
1905		userinfo = get_substring(parsep, userinfo_len, ebuf);
1906		if (userinfo == NULL) {
1907			/*
1908			 * Error.
1909			 */
1910			free(authority);
1911			free(scheme);
1912			return (-1);
1913		}
1914		parsep = atsignp + 1;
1915	} else {
1916		/*
1917		 * No.
1918		 */
1919		userinfo = NULL;
1920	}
1921
1922	/*
1923	 * Is there a host field?
1924	 */
1925	if (*parsep == '\0') {
1926		/*
1927		 * No; there's no host field or port field.
1928		 */
1929		host = NULL;
1930		port = NULL;
1931	} else {
1932		/*
1933		 * Yes.
1934		 */
1935		size_t host_len;
1936
1937		/*
1938		 * Is it an IP-literal?
1939		 */
1940		if (*parsep == '[') {
1941			/*
1942			 * Yes.
1943			 * Treat verything up to the closing square
1944			 * bracket as the IP-Literal; we don't worry
1945			 * about whether it's a valid IPv6address or
1946			 * IPvFuture (or an IPv4address, for that
1947			 * matter, just in case we get handed a
1948			 * URL with an IPv4 IP-Literal, of the sort
1949			 * that pcap_createsrcstr() used to generate,
1950			 * and that pcap_parsesrcstr(), in the original
1951			 * WinPcap code, accepted).
1952			 */
1953			bracketp = strchr(parsep, ']');
1954			if (bracketp == NULL) {
1955				/*
1956				 * There's no closing square bracket.
1957				 */
1958				snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1959				    "IP-literal in URL doesn't end with ]");
1960				free(userinfo);
1961				free(authority);
1962				free(scheme);
1963				return (-1);
1964			}
1965			if (*(bracketp + 1) != '\0' &&
1966			    *(bracketp + 1) != ':') {
1967				/*
1968				 * There's extra crud after the
1969				 * closing square bracketn.
1970				 */
1971				snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1972				    "Extra text after IP-literal in URL");
1973				free(userinfo);
1974				free(authority);
1975				free(scheme);
1976				return (-1);
1977			}
1978			host_len = (bracketp - 1) - parsep;
1979			host = get_substring(parsep + 1, host_len, ebuf);
1980			if (host == NULL) {
1981				/*
1982				 * Error.
1983				 */
1984				free(userinfo);
1985				free(authority);
1986				free(scheme);
1987				return (-1);
1988			}
1989			parsep = bracketp + 1;
1990		} else {
1991			/*
1992			 * No.
1993			 * Treat everything up to a : or the end of
1994			 * the string as the host.
1995			 */
1996			host_len = strcspn(parsep, ":");
1997			host = get_substring(parsep, host_len, ebuf);
1998			if (host == NULL) {
1999				/*
2000				 * Error.
2001				 */
2002				free(userinfo);
2003				free(authority);
2004				free(scheme);
2005				return (-1);
2006			}
2007			parsep = parsep + host_len;
2008		}
2009
2010		/*
2011		 * Is there a port field?
2012		 */
2013		if (*parsep == ':') {
2014			/*
2015			 * Yes.  It's the rest of the authority field.
2016			 */
2017			size_t port_len;
2018
2019			parsep++;
2020			port_len = strlen(parsep);
2021			port = get_substring(parsep, port_len, ebuf);
2022			if (port == NULL) {
2023				/*
2024				 * Error.
2025				 */
2026				free(host);
2027				free(userinfo);
2028				free(authority);
2029				free(scheme);
2030				return (-1);
2031			}
2032		} else {
2033			/*
2034			 * No.
2035			 */
2036			port = NULL;
2037		}
2038	}
2039	free(authority);
2040
2041	/*
2042	 * Everything else is the path.  Strip off the leading /.
2043	 */
2044	if (*endp == '\0')
2045		path = strdup("");
2046	else
2047		path = strdup(endp + 1);
2048	if (path == NULL) {
2049		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
2050		    errno, "malloc");
2051		free(port);
2052		free(host);
2053		free(userinfo);
2054		free(scheme);
2055		return (-1);
2056	}
2057	*schemep = scheme;
2058	*userinfop = userinfo;
2059	*hostp = host;
2060	*portp = port;
2061	*pathp = path;
2062	return (0);
2063}
2064
2065int
2066pcap_createsrcstr_ex(char *source, int type, const char *host, const char *port,
2067    const char *name, unsigned char uses_ssl, char *errbuf)
2068{
2069	switch (type) {
2070
2071	case PCAP_SRC_FILE:
2072		pcap_strlcpy(source, PCAP_SRC_FILE_STRING, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
2073		if (name != NULL && *name != '\0') {
2074			pcap_strlcat(source, name, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
2075			return (0);
2076		} else {
2077			snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
2078			    "The file name cannot be NULL.");
2079			return (-1);
2080		}
2081
2082	case PCAP_SRC_IFREMOTE:
2083		pcap_strlcpy(source,
2084		    (uses_ssl ? "rpcaps://" : PCAP_SRC_IF_STRING),
2085		    PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
2086		if (host != NULL && *host != '\0') {
2087			if (strchr(host, ':') != NULL) {
2088				/*
2089				 * The host name contains a colon, so it's
2090				 * probably an IPv6 address, and needs to
2091				 * be included in square brackets.
2092				 */
2093				pcap_strlcat(source, "[", PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
2094				pcap_strlcat(source, host, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
2095				pcap_strlcat(source, "]", PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
2096			} else
2097				pcap_strlcat(source, host, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
2098
2099			if (port != NULL && *port != '\0') {
2100				pcap_strlcat(source, ":", PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
2101				pcap_strlcat(source, port, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
2102			}
2103
2104			pcap_strlcat(source, "/", PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
2105		} else {
2106			snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
2107			    "The host name cannot be NULL.");
2108			return (-1);
2109		}
2110
2111		if (name != NULL && *name != '\0')
2112			pcap_strlcat(source, name, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
2113
2114		return (0);
2115
2116	case PCAP_SRC_IFLOCAL:
2117		pcap_strlcpy(source, PCAP_SRC_IF_STRING, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
2118
2119		if (name != NULL && *name != '\0')
2120			pcap_strlcat(source, name, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
2121
2122		return (0);
2123
2124	default:
2125		snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
2126		    "The interface type is not valid.");
2127		return (-1);
2128	}
2129}
2130
2131
2132int
2133pcap_createsrcstr(char *source, int type, const char *host, const char *port,
2134    const char *name, char *errbuf)
2135{
2136	return (pcap_createsrcstr_ex(source, type, host, port, name, 0, errbuf));
2137}
2138
2139int
2140pcap_parsesrcstr_ex(const char *source, int *type, char *host, char *port,
2141    char *name, unsigned char *uses_ssl, char *errbuf)
2142{
2143	char *scheme, *tmpuserinfo, *tmphost, *tmpport, *tmppath;
2144
2145	/* Initialization stuff */
2146	if (host)
2147		*host = '\0';
2148	if (port)
2149		*port = '\0';
2150	if (name)
2151		*name = '\0';
2152	if (uses_ssl)
2153		*uses_ssl = 0;
2154
2155	/* Parse the source string */
2156	if (pcap_parse_source(source, &scheme, &tmpuserinfo, &tmphost,
2157	    &tmpport, &tmppath, errbuf) == -1) {
2158		/*
2159		 * Fail.
2160		 */
2161		return (-1);
2162	}
2163
2164	if (scheme == NULL) {
2165		/*
2166		 * Local device.
2167		 */
2168		if (name && tmppath)
2169			pcap_strlcpy(name, tmppath, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
2170		if (type)
2171			*type = PCAP_SRC_IFLOCAL;
2172		free(tmppath);
2173		free(tmpport);
2174		free(tmphost);
2175		free(tmpuserinfo);
2176		return (0);
2177	}
2178
2179	int is_rpcap = 0;
2180	if (strcmp(scheme, "rpcaps") == 0) {
2181		is_rpcap = 1;
2182		if (uses_ssl) *uses_ssl = 1;
2183	} else if (strcmp(scheme, "rpcap") == 0) {
2184		is_rpcap = 1;
2185	}
2186
2187	if (is_rpcap) {
2188		/*
2189		 * rpcap[s]://
2190		 *
2191		 * pcap_parse_source() has already handled the case of
2192		 * rpcap[s]://device
2193		 */
2194		if (host && tmphost) {
2195			if (tmpuserinfo)
2196				snprintf(host, PCAP_BUF_SIZE, "%s@%s",
2197				    tmpuserinfo, tmphost);
2198			else
2199				pcap_strlcpy(host, tmphost, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
2200		}
2201		if (port && tmpport)
2202			pcap_strlcpy(port, tmpport, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
2203		if (name && tmppath)
2204			pcap_strlcpy(name, tmppath, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
2205		if (type)
2206			*type = PCAP_SRC_IFREMOTE;
2207		free(tmppath);
2208		free(tmpport);
2209		free(tmphost);
2210		free(tmpuserinfo);
2211		free(scheme);
2212		return (0);
2213	}
2214
2215	if (strcmp(scheme, "file") == 0) {
2216		/*
2217		 * file://
2218		 */
2219		if (name && tmppath)
2220			pcap_strlcpy(name, tmppath, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
2221		if (type)
2222			*type = PCAP_SRC_FILE;
2223		free(tmppath);
2224		free(tmpport);
2225		free(tmphost);
2226		free(tmpuserinfo);
2227		free(scheme);
2228		return (0);
2229	}
2230
2231	/*
2232	 * Neither rpcap: nor file:; just treat the entire string
2233	 * as a local device.
2234	 */
2235	if (name)
2236		pcap_strlcpy(name, source, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
2237	if (type)
2238		*type = PCAP_SRC_IFLOCAL;
2239	free(tmppath);
2240	free(tmpport);
2241	free(tmphost);
2242	free(tmpuserinfo);
2243	free(scheme);
2244	return (0);
2245}
2246
2247int
2248pcap_parsesrcstr(const char *source, int *type, char *host, char *port,
2249    char *name, char *errbuf)
2250{
2251	return (pcap_parsesrcstr_ex(source, type, host, port, name, NULL, errbuf));
2252}
2253#endif
2254
2255pcap_t *
2256pcap_create(const char *device, char *errbuf)
2257{
2258	size_t i;
2259	int is_theirs;
2260	pcap_t *p;
2261	char *device_str;
2262
2263	/*
2264	 * A null device name is equivalent to the "any" device -
2265	 * which might not be supported on this platform, but
2266	 * this means that you'll get a "not supported" error
2267	 * rather than, say, a crash when we try to dereference
2268	 * the null pointer.
2269	 */
2270	if (device == NULL)
2271		device_str = strdup("any");
2272	else {
2273#ifdef _WIN32
2274		/*
2275		 * On Windows, for backwards compatibility reasons,
2276		 * pcap_lookupdev() returns a pointer to a sequence of
2277		 * pairs of UTF-16LE device names and local code page
2278		 * description strings.
2279		 *
2280		 * This means that if a program uses pcap_lookupdev()
2281		 * to get a default device, and hands that to an API
2282		 * that opens devices, we'll get handed a UTF-16LE
2283		 * string, not a string in the local code page.
2284		 *
2285		 * To work around that, we check whether the string
2286		 * looks as if it might be a UTF-16LE string and, if
2287		 * so, convert it back to the local code page's
2288		 * extended ASCII.
2289		 *
2290		 * We disable that check in "new API" mode, because:
2291		 *
2292		 *   1) You *cannot* reliably detect whether a
2293		 *   string is UTF-16LE or not; "a" could either
2294		 *   be a one-character ASCII string or the first
2295		 *   character of a UTF-16LE string.
2296		 *
2297		 *   2) Doing that test can run past the end of
2298		 *   the string, if it's a 1-character ASCII
2299		 *   string
2300		 *
2301		 * This particular version of this heuristic dates
2302		 * back to WinPcap 4.1.1; PacketOpenAdapter() does
2303		 * uses the same heuristic, with the exact same
2304		 * vulnerability.
2305		 *
2306		 * That's why we disable this in "new API" mode.
2307		 * We keep it around in legacy mode for backwards
2308		 * compatibility.
2309		 */
2310		if (!pcap_new_api && device[0] != '\0' && device[1] == '\0') {
2311			size_t length;
2312
2313			length = wcslen((wchar_t *)device);
2314			device_str = (char *)malloc(length + 1);
2315			if (device_str == NULL) {
2316				pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf,
2317				    PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, errno,
2318				    "malloc");
2319				return (NULL);
2320			}
2321
2322			snprintf(device_str, length + 1, "%ws",
2323			    (const wchar_t *)device);
2324		} else
2325#endif
2326			device_str = strdup(device);
2327	}
2328	if (device_str == NULL) {
2329		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
2330		    errno, "malloc");
2331		return (NULL);
2332	}
2333
2334	/*
2335	 * Try each of the non-local-network-interface capture
2336	 * source types until we find one that works for this
2337	 * device or run out of types.
2338	 */
2339	for (i = 0; capture_source_types[i].create_op != NULL; i++) {
2340		is_theirs = 0;
2341		p = capture_source_types[i].create_op(device_str, errbuf,
2342		    &is_theirs);
2343		if (is_theirs) {
2344			/*
2345			 * The device name refers to a device of the
2346			 * type in question; either it succeeded,
2347			 * in which case p refers to a pcap_t to
2348			 * later activate for the device, or it
2349			 * failed, in which case p is null and we
2350			 * should return that to report the failure
2351			 * to create.
2352			 */
2353			if (p == NULL) {
2354				/*
2355				 * We assume the caller filled in errbuf.
2356				 */
2357				free(device_str);
2358				return (NULL);
2359			}
2360			p->opt.device = device_str;
2361			return (p);
2362		}
2363	}
2364
2365	/*
2366	 * OK, try it as a regular network interface.
2367	 */
2368	p = pcap_create_interface(device_str, errbuf);
2369	if (p == NULL) {
2370		/*
2371		 * We assume the caller filled in errbuf.
2372		 */
2373		free(device_str);
2374		return (NULL);
2375	}
2376	p->opt.device = device_str;
2377	return (p);
2378}
2379
2380/*
2381 * Set nonblocking mode on an unactivated pcap_t; this sets a flag
2382 * checked by pcap_activate(), which sets the mode after calling
2383 * the activate routine.
2384 */
2385static int
2386pcap_setnonblock_unactivated(pcap_t *p, int nonblock)
2387{
2388	p->opt.nonblock = nonblock;
2389	return (0);
2390}
2391
2392static void
2393initialize_ops(pcap_t *p)
2394{
2395	/*
2396	 * Set operation pointers for operations that only work on
2397	 * an activated pcap_t to point to a routine that returns
2398	 * a "this isn't activated" error.
2399	 */
2400	p->read_op = pcap_read_not_initialized;
2401	p->inject_op = pcap_inject_not_initialized;
2402	p->setfilter_op = pcap_setfilter_not_initialized;
2403	p->setdirection_op = pcap_setdirection_not_initialized;
2404	p->set_datalink_op = pcap_set_datalink_not_initialized;
2405	p->getnonblock_op = pcap_getnonblock_not_initialized;
2406	p->stats_op = pcap_stats_not_initialized;
2407#ifdef _WIN32
2408	p->stats_ex_op = pcap_stats_ex_not_initialized;
2409	p->setbuff_op = pcap_setbuff_not_initialized;
2410	p->setmode_op = pcap_setmode_not_initialized;
2411	p->setmintocopy_op = pcap_setmintocopy_not_initialized;
2412	p->getevent_op = pcap_getevent_not_initialized;
2413	p->oid_get_request_op = pcap_oid_get_request_not_initialized;
2414	p->oid_set_request_op = pcap_oid_set_request_not_initialized;
2415	p->sendqueue_transmit_op = pcap_sendqueue_transmit_not_initialized;
2416	p->setuserbuffer_op = pcap_setuserbuffer_not_initialized;
2417	p->live_dump_op = pcap_live_dump_not_initialized;
2418	p->live_dump_ended_op = pcap_live_dump_ended_not_initialized;
2419	p->get_airpcap_handle_op = pcap_get_airpcap_handle_not_initialized;
2420#endif
2421
2422	/*
2423	 * Default cleanup operation - implementations can override
2424	 * this, but should call pcap_cleanup_live_common() after
2425	 * doing their own additional cleanup.
2426	 */
2427	p->cleanup_op = pcap_cleanup_live_common;
2428
2429	/*
2430	 * In most cases, the standard one-shot callback can
2431	 * be used for pcap_next()/pcap_next_ex().
2432	 */
2433	p->oneshot_callback = pcap_oneshot;
2434
2435	/*
2436	 * Default breakloop operation - implementations can override
2437	 * this, but should call pcap_breakloop_common() before doing
2438	 * their own logic.
2439	 */
2440	p->breakloop_op = pcap_breakloop_common;
2441}
2442
2443static pcap_t *
2444pcap_alloc_pcap_t(char *ebuf, size_t total_size, size_t private_offset)
2445{
2446	char *chunk;
2447	pcap_t *p;
2448
2449	/*
2450	 * total_size is the size of a structure containing a pcap_t
2451	 * followed by a private structure.
2452	 */
2453	chunk = calloc(total_size, 1);
2454	if (chunk == NULL) {
2455		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
2456		    errno, "malloc");
2457		return (NULL);
2458	}
2459
2460	/*
2461	 * Get a pointer to the pcap_t at the beginning.
2462	 */
2463	p = (pcap_t *)chunk;
2464
2465#ifdef _WIN32
2466	p->handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;	/* not opened yet */
2467#else /* _WIN32 */
2468	p->fd = -1;	/* not opened yet */
2469#ifndef MSDOS
2470	p->selectable_fd = -1;
2471	p->required_select_timeout = NULL;
2472#endif /* MSDOS */
2473#endif /* _WIN32 */
2474
2475	/*
2476	 * private_offset is the offset, in bytes, of the private
2477	 * data from the beginning of the structure.
2478	 *
2479	 * Set the pointer to the private data; that's private_offset
2480	 * bytes past the pcap_t.
2481	 */
2482	p->priv = (void *)(chunk + private_offset);
2483
2484	return (p);
2485}
2486
2487pcap_t *
2488pcap_create_common(char *ebuf, size_t total_size, size_t private_offset)
2489{
2490	pcap_t *p;
2491
2492	p = pcap_alloc_pcap_t(ebuf, total_size, private_offset);
2493	if (p == NULL)
2494		return (NULL);
2495
2496	/*
2497	 * Default to "can't set rfmon mode"; if it's supported by
2498	 * a platform, the create routine that called us can set
2499	 * the op to its routine to check whether a particular
2500	 * device supports it.
2501	 */
2502	p->can_set_rfmon_op = pcap_cant_set_rfmon;
2503
2504	/*
2505	 * If pcap_setnonblock() is called on a not-yet-activated
2506	 * pcap_t, default to setting a flag and turning
2507	 * on non-blocking mode when activated.
2508	 */
2509	p->setnonblock_op = pcap_setnonblock_unactivated;
2510
2511	initialize_ops(p);
2512
2513	/* put in some defaults*/
2514	p->snapshot = 0;		/* max packet size unspecified */
2515	p->opt.timeout = 0;		/* no timeout specified */
2516	p->opt.buffer_size = 0;		/* use the platform's default */
2517	p->opt.promisc = 0;
2518	p->opt.rfmon = 0;
2519	p->opt.immediate = 0;
2520	p->opt.tstamp_type = -1;	/* default to not setting time stamp type */
2521	p->opt.tstamp_precision = PCAP_TSTAMP_PRECISION_MICRO;
2522	/*
2523	 * Platform-dependent options.
2524	 */
2525#ifdef __linux__
2526	p->opt.protocol = 0;
2527#endif
2528#ifdef _WIN32
2529	p->opt.nocapture_local = 0;
2530#endif
2531
2532	/*
2533	 * Start out with no BPF code generation flags set.
2534	 */
2535	p->bpf_codegen_flags = 0;
2536
2537	return (p);
2538}
2539
2540int
2541pcap_check_activated(pcap_t *p)
2542{
2543	if (p->activated) {
2544		snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "can't perform "
2545			" operation on activated capture");
2546		return (-1);
2547	}
2548	return (0);
2549}
2550
2551int
2552pcap_set_snaplen(pcap_t *p, int snaplen)
2553{
2554	if (pcap_check_activated(p))
2555		return (PCAP_ERROR_ACTIVATED);
2556	p->snapshot = snaplen;
2557	return (0);
2558}
2559
2560int
2561pcap_set_promisc(pcap_t *p, int promisc)
2562{
2563	if (pcap_check_activated(p))
2564		return (PCAP_ERROR_ACTIVATED);
2565	p->opt.promisc = promisc;
2566	return (0);
2567}
2568
2569int
2570pcap_set_rfmon(pcap_t *p, int rfmon)
2571{
2572	if (pcap_check_activated(p))
2573		return (PCAP_ERROR_ACTIVATED);
2574	p->opt.rfmon = rfmon;
2575	return (0);
2576}
2577
2578int
2579pcap_set_timeout(pcap_t *p, int timeout_ms)
2580{
2581	if (pcap_check_activated(p))
2582		return (PCAP_ERROR_ACTIVATED);
2583	p->opt.timeout = timeout_ms;
2584	return (0);
2585}
2586
2587int
2588pcap_set_tstamp_type(pcap_t *p, int tstamp_type)
2589{
2590	int i;
2591
2592	if (pcap_check_activated(p))
2593		return (PCAP_ERROR_ACTIVATED);
2594
2595	/*
2596	 * The argument should have been u_int, but that's too late
2597	 * to change now - it's an API.
2598	 */
2599	if (tstamp_type < 0)
2600		return (PCAP_WARNING_TSTAMP_TYPE_NOTSUP);
2601
2602	/*
2603	 * If p->tstamp_type_count is 0, we only support PCAP_TSTAMP_HOST;
2604	 * the default time stamp type is PCAP_TSTAMP_HOST.
2605	 */
2606	if (p->tstamp_type_count == 0) {
2607		if (tstamp_type == PCAP_TSTAMP_HOST) {
2608			p->opt.tstamp_type = tstamp_type;
2609			return (0);
2610		}
2611	} else {
2612		/*
2613		 * Check whether we claim to support this type of time stamp.
2614		 */
2615		for (i = 0; i < p->tstamp_type_count; i++) {
2616			if (p->tstamp_type_list[i] == (u_int)tstamp_type) {
2617				/*
2618				 * Yes.
2619				 */
2620				p->opt.tstamp_type = tstamp_type;
2621				return (0);
2622			}
2623		}
2624	}
2625
2626	/*
2627	 * We don't support this type of time stamp.
2628	 */
2629	return (PCAP_WARNING_TSTAMP_TYPE_NOTSUP);
2630}
2631
2632int
2633pcap_set_immediate_mode(pcap_t *p, int immediate)
2634{
2635	if (pcap_check_activated(p))
2636		return (PCAP_ERROR_ACTIVATED);
2637	p->opt.immediate = immediate;
2638	return (0);
2639}
2640
2641int
2642pcap_set_buffer_size(pcap_t *p, int buffer_size)
2643{
2644	if (pcap_check_activated(p))
2645		return (PCAP_ERROR_ACTIVATED);
2646	if (buffer_size <= 0) {
2647		/*
2648		 * Silently ignore invalid values.
2649		 */
2650		return (0);
2651	}
2652	p->opt.buffer_size = buffer_size;
2653	return (0);
2654}
2655
2656int
2657pcap_set_tstamp_precision(pcap_t *p, int tstamp_precision)
2658{
2659	int i;
2660
2661	if (pcap_check_activated(p))
2662		return (PCAP_ERROR_ACTIVATED);
2663
2664	/*
2665	 * The argument should have been u_int, but that's too late
2666	 * to change now - it's an API.
2667	 */
2668	if (tstamp_precision < 0)
2669		return (PCAP_ERROR_TSTAMP_PRECISION_NOTSUP);
2670
2671	/*
2672	 * If p->tstamp_precision_count is 0, we only support setting
2673	 * the time stamp precision to microsecond precision; every
2674	 * pcap module *MUST* support microsecond precision, even if
2675	 * it does so by converting the native precision to
2676	 * microseconds.
2677	 */
2678	if (p->tstamp_precision_count == 0) {
2679		if (tstamp_precision == PCAP_TSTAMP_PRECISION_MICRO) {
2680			p->opt.tstamp_precision = tstamp_precision;
2681			return (0);
2682		}
2683	} else {
2684		/*
2685		 * Check whether we claim to support this precision of
2686		 * time stamp.
2687		 */
2688		for (i = 0; i < p->tstamp_precision_count; i++) {
2689			if (p->tstamp_precision_list[i] == (u_int)tstamp_precision) {
2690				/*
2691				 * Yes.
2692				 */
2693				p->opt.tstamp_precision = tstamp_precision;
2694				return (0);
2695			}
2696		}
2697	}
2698
2699	/*
2700	 * We don't support this time stamp precision.
2701	 */
2702	return (PCAP_ERROR_TSTAMP_PRECISION_NOTSUP);
2703}
2704
2705int
2706pcap_get_tstamp_precision(pcap_t *p)
2707{
2708        return (p->opt.tstamp_precision);
2709}
2710
2711int
2712pcap_activate(pcap_t *p)
2713{
2714	int status;
2715
2716	/*
2717	 * Catch attempts to re-activate an already-activated
2718	 * pcap_t; this should, for example, catch code that
2719	 * calls pcap_open_live() followed by pcap_activate(),
2720	 * as some code that showed up in a Stack Exchange
2721	 * question did.
2722	 */
2723	if (pcap_check_activated(p))
2724		return (PCAP_ERROR_ACTIVATED);
2725	status = p->activate_op(p);
2726	if (status >= 0) {
2727		/*
2728		 * If somebody requested non-blocking mode before
2729		 * calling pcap_activate(), turn it on now.
2730		 */
2731		if (p->opt.nonblock) {
2732			status = p->setnonblock_op(p, 1);
2733			if (status < 0) {
2734				/*
2735				 * Failed.  Undo everything done by
2736				 * the activate operation.
2737				 */
2738				p->cleanup_op(p);
2739				initialize_ops(p);
2740				return (status);
2741			}
2742		}
2743		p->activated = 1;
2744	} else {
2745		if (p->errbuf[0] == '\0') {
2746			/*
2747			 * No error message supplied by the activate routine;
2748			 * for the benefit of programs that don't specially
2749			 * handle errors other than PCAP_ERROR, return the
2750			 * error message corresponding to the status.
2751			 */
2752			snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "%s",
2753			    pcap_statustostr(status));
2754		}
2755
2756		/*
2757		 * Undo any operation pointer setting, etc. done by
2758		 * the activate operation.
2759		 */
2760		initialize_ops(p);
2761	}
2762	return (status);
2763}
2764
2765pcap_t *
2766pcap_open_live(const char *device, int snaplen, int promisc, int to_ms, char *errbuf)
2767{
2768	pcap_t *p;
2769	int status;
2770#ifdef ENABLE_REMOTE
2771	char host[PCAP_BUF_SIZE + 1];
2772	char port[PCAP_BUF_SIZE + 1];
2773	char name[PCAP_BUF_SIZE + 1];
2774	int srctype;
2775
2776	/*
2777	 * A null device name is equivalent to the "any" device -
2778	 * which might not be supported on this platform, but
2779	 * this means that you'll get a "not supported" error
2780	 * rather than, say, a crash when we try to dereference
2781	 * the null pointer.
2782	 */
2783	if (device == NULL)
2784		device = "any";
2785
2786	/*
2787	 * Retrofit - we have to make older applications compatible with
2788	 * remote capture.
2789	 * So we're calling pcap_open_remote() from here; this is a very
2790	 * dirty hack.
2791	 * Obviously, we cannot exploit all the new features; for instance,
2792	 * we cannot send authentication, we cannot use a UDP data connection,
2793	 * and so on.
2794	 */
2795	if (pcap_parsesrcstr(device, &srctype, host, port, name, errbuf))
2796		return (NULL);
2797
2798	if (srctype == PCAP_SRC_IFREMOTE) {
2799		/*
2800		 * Although we already have host, port and iface, we prefer
2801		 * to pass only 'device' to pcap_open_rpcap(), so that it has
2802		 * to call pcap_parsesrcstr() again.
2803		 * This is less optimized, but much clearer.
2804		 */
2805		return (pcap_open_rpcap(device, snaplen,
2806		    promisc ? PCAP_OPENFLAG_PROMISCUOUS : 0, to_ms,
2807		    NULL, errbuf));
2808	}
2809	if (srctype == PCAP_SRC_FILE) {
2810		snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "unknown URL scheme \"file\"");
2811		return (NULL);
2812	}
2813	if (srctype == PCAP_SRC_IFLOCAL) {
2814		/*
2815		 * If it starts with rpcap://, that refers to a local device
2816		 * (no host part in the URL). Remove the rpcap://, and
2817		 * fall through to the regular open path.
2818		 */
2819		if (strncmp(device, PCAP_SRC_IF_STRING, strlen(PCAP_SRC_IF_STRING)) == 0) {
2820			size_t len = strlen(device) - strlen(PCAP_SRC_IF_STRING) + 1;
2821
2822			if (len > 0)
2823				device += strlen(PCAP_SRC_IF_STRING);
2824		}
2825	}
2826#endif	/* ENABLE_REMOTE */
2827
2828	p = pcap_create(device, errbuf);
2829	if (p == NULL)
2830		return (NULL);
2831	status = pcap_set_snaplen(p, snaplen);
2832	if (status < 0)
2833		goto fail;
2834	status = pcap_set_promisc(p, promisc);
2835	if (status < 0)
2836		goto fail;
2837	status = pcap_set_timeout(p, to_ms);
2838	if (status < 0)
2839		goto fail;
2840	/*
2841	 * Mark this as opened with pcap_open_live(), so that, for
2842	 * example, we show the full list of DLT_ values, rather
2843	 * than just the ones that are compatible with capturing
2844	 * when not in monitor mode.  That allows existing applications
2845	 * to work the way they used to work, but allows new applications
2846	 * that know about the new open API to, for example, find out the
2847	 * DLT_ values that they can select without changing whether
2848	 * the adapter is in monitor mode or not.
2849	 */
2850	p->oldstyle = 1;
2851	status = pcap_activate(p);
2852	if (status < 0)
2853		goto fail;
2854	return (p);
2855fail:
2856	if (status == PCAP_ERROR) {
2857		/*
2858		 * Another buffer is a bit cumbersome, but it avoids
2859		 * -Wformat-truncation.
2860		 */
2861		char trimbuf[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE - 5]; /* 2 bytes shorter */
2862
2863		pcap_strlcpy(trimbuf, p->errbuf, sizeof(trimbuf));
2864		snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "%s: %.*s", device,
2865		    PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE - 3, trimbuf);
2866	} else if (status == PCAP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_DEVICE ||
2867	    status == PCAP_ERROR_PERM_DENIED ||
2868	    status == PCAP_ERROR_PROMISC_PERM_DENIED) {
2869		/*
2870		 * Only show the additional message if it's not
2871		 * empty.
2872		 */
2873		if (p->errbuf[0] != '\0') {
2874			/*
2875			 * Idem.
2876			 */
2877			char trimbuf[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE - 8]; /* 2 bytes shorter */
2878
2879			pcap_strlcpy(trimbuf, p->errbuf, sizeof(trimbuf));
2880			snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "%s: %s (%.*s)",
2881			    device, pcap_statustostr(status),
2882			    PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE - 6, trimbuf);
2883		} else {
2884			snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "%s: %s",
2885			    device, pcap_statustostr(status));
2886		}
2887	} else {
2888		snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "%s: %s", device,
2889		    pcap_statustostr(status));
2890	}
2891	pcap_close(p);
2892	return (NULL);
2893}
2894
2895pcap_t *
2896pcap_open_offline_common(char *ebuf, size_t total_size, size_t private_offset)
2897{
2898	pcap_t *p;
2899
2900	p = pcap_alloc_pcap_t(ebuf, total_size, private_offset);
2901	if (p == NULL)
2902		return (NULL);
2903
2904	p->opt.tstamp_precision = PCAP_TSTAMP_PRECISION_MICRO;
2905
2906	return (p);
2907}
2908
2909int
2910pcap_dispatch(pcap_t *p, int cnt, pcap_handler callback, u_char *user)
2911{
2912	return (p->read_op(p, cnt, callback, user));
2913}
2914
2915int
2916pcap_loop(pcap_t *p, int cnt, pcap_handler callback, u_char *user)
2917{
2918	register int n;
2919
2920	for (;;) {
2921		if (p->rfile != NULL) {
2922			/*
2923			 * 0 means EOF, so don't loop if we get 0.
2924			 */
2925			n = pcap_offline_read(p, cnt, callback, user);
2926		} else {
2927			/*
2928			 * XXX keep reading until we get something
2929			 * (or an error occurs)
2930			 */
2931			do {
2932				n = p->read_op(p, cnt, callback, user);
2933			} while (n == 0);
2934		}
2935		if (n <= 0)
2936			return (n);
2937		if (!PACKET_COUNT_IS_UNLIMITED(cnt)) {
2938			cnt -= n;
2939			if (cnt <= 0)
2940				return (0);
2941		}
2942	}
2943}
2944
2945/*
2946 * Force the loop in "pcap_read()" or "pcap_read_offline()" to terminate.
2947 */
2948void
2949pcap_breakloop(pcap_t *p)
2950{
2951	p->breakloop_op(p);
2952}
2953
2954int
2955pcap_datalink(pcap_t *p)
2956{
2957	if (!p->activated)
2958		return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
2959	return (p->linktype);
2960}
2961
2962int
2963pcap_datalink_ext(pcap_t *p)
2964{
2965	if (!p->activated)
2966		return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
2967	return (p->linktype_ext);
2968}
2969
2970int
2971pcap_list_datalinks(pcap_t *p, int **dlt_buffer)
2972{
2973	if (!p->activated)
2974		return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
2975	if (p->dlt_count == 0) {
2976		/*
2977		 * We couldn't fetch the list of DLTs, which means
2978		 * this platform doesn't support changing the
2979		 * DLT for an interface.  Return a list of DLTs
2980		 * containing only the DLT this device supports.
2981		 */
2982		*dlt_buffer = (int*)malloc(sizeof(**dlt_buffer));
2983		if (*dlt_buffer == NULL) {
2984			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, sizeof(p->errbuf),
2985			    errno, "malloc");
2986			return (PCAP_ERROR);
2987		}
2988		**dlt_buffer = p->linktype;
2989		return (1);
2990	} else {
2991		*dlt_buffer = (int*)calloc(sizeof(**dlt_buffer), p->dlt_count);
2992		if (*dlt_buffer == NULL) {
2993			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, sizeof(p->errbuf),
2994			    errno, "malloc");
2995			return (PCAP_ERROR);
2996		}
2997		(void)memcpy(*dlt_buffer, p->dlt_list,
2998		    sizeof(**dlt_buffer) * p->dlt_count);
2999		return (p->dlt_count);
3000	}
3001}
3002
3003/*
3004 * In Windows, you might have a library built with one version of the
3005 * C runtime library and an application built with another version of
3006 * the C runtime library, which means that the library might use one
3007 * version of malloc() and free() and the application might use another
3008 * version of malloc() and free().  If so, that means something
3009 * allocated by the library cannot be freed by the application, so we
3010 * need to have a pcap_free_datalinks() routine to free up the list
3011 * allocated by pcap_list_datalinks(), even though it's just a wrapper
3012 * around free().
3013 */
3014void
3015pcap_free_datalinks(int *dlt_list)
3016{
3017	free(dlt_list);
3018}
3019
3020int
3021pcap_set_datalink(pcap_t *p, int dlt)
3022{
3023	int i;
3024	const char *dlt_name;
3025
3026	if (dlt < 0)
3027		goto unsupported;
3028
3029	if (p->dlt_count == 0 || p->set_datalink_op == NULL) {
3030		/*
3031		 * We couldn't fetch the list of DLTs, or we don't
3032		 * have a "set datalink" operation, which means
3033		 * this platform doesn't support changing the
3034		 * DLT for an interface.  Check whether the new
3035		 * DLT is the one this interface supports.
3036		 */
3037		if (p->linktype != dlt)
3038			goto unsupported;
3039
3040		/*
3041		 * It is, so there's nothing we need to do here.
3042		 */
3043		return (0);
3044	}
3045	for (i = 0; i < p->dlt_count; i++)
3046		if (p->dlt_list[i] == (u_int)dlt)
3047			break;
3048	if (i >= p->dlt_count)
3049		goto unsupported;
3050	if (p->dlt_count == 2 && p->dlt_list[0] == DLT_EN10MB &&
3051	    dlt == DLT_DOCSIS) {
3052		/*
3053		 * This is presumably an Ethernet device, as the first
3054		 * link-layer type it offers is DLT_EN10MB, and the only
3055		 * other type it offers is DLT_DOCSIS.  That means that
3056		 * we can't tell the driver to supply DOCSIS link-layer
3057		 * headers - we're just pretending that's what we're
3058		 * getting, as, presumably, we're capturing on a dedicated
3059		 * link to a Cisco Cable Modem Termination System, and
3060		 * it's putting raw DOCSIS frames on the wire inside low-level
3061		 * Ethernet framing.
3062		 */
3063		p->linktype = dlt;
3064		return (0);
3065	}
3066	if (p->set_datalink_op(p, dlt) == -1)
3067		return (-1);
3068	p->linktype = dlt;
3069	return (0);
3070
3071unsupported:
3072	dlt_name = pcap_datalink_val_to_name(dlt);
3073	if (dlt_name != NULL) {
3074		(void) snprintf(p->errbuf, sizeof(p->errbuf),
3075		    "%s is not one of the DLTs supported by this device",
3076		    dlt_name);
3077	} else {
3078		(void) snprintf(p->errbuf, sizeof(p->errbuf),
3079		    "DLT %d is not one of the DLTs supported by this device",
3080		    dlt);
3081	}
3082	return (-1);
3083}
3084
3085/*
3086 * This array is designed for mapping upper and lower case letter
3087 * together for a case independent comparison.  The mappings are
3088 * based upon ascii character sequences.
3089 */
3090static const u_char charmap[] = {
3091	(u_char)'\000', (u_char)'\001', (u_char)'\002', (u_char)'\003',
3092	(u_char)'\004', (u_char)'\005', (u_char)'\006', (u_char)'\007',
3093	(u_char)'\010', (u_char)'\011', (u_char)'\012', (u_char)'\013',
3094	(u_char)'\014', (u_char)'\015', (u_char)'\016', (u_char)'\017',
3095	(u_char)'\020', (u_char)'\021', (u_char)'\022', (u_char)'\023',
3096	(u_char)'\024', (u_char)'\025', (u_char)'\026', (u_char)'\027',
3097	(u_char)'\030', (u_char)'\031', (u_char)'\032', (u_char)'\033',
3098	(u_char)'\034', (u_char)'\035', (u_char)'\036', (u_char)'\037',
3099	(u_char)'\040', (u_char)'\041', (u_char)'\042', (u_char)'\043',
3100	(u_char)'\044', (u_char)'\045', (u_char)'\046', (u_char)'\047',
3101	(u_char)'\050', (u_char)'\051', (u_char)'\052', (u_char)'\053',
3102	(u_char)'\054', (u_char)'\055', (u_char)'\056', (u_char)'\057',
3103	(u_char)'\060', (u_char)'\061', (u_char)'\062', (u_char)'\063',
3104	(u_char)'\064', (u_char)'\065', (u_char)'\066', (u_char)'\067',
3105	(u_char)'\070', (u_char)'\071', (u_char)'\072', (u_char)'\073',
3106	(u_char)'\074', (u_char)'\075', (u_char)'\076', (u_char)'\077',
3107	(u_char)'\100', (u_char)'\141', (u_char)'\142', (u_char)'\143',
3108	(u_char)'\144', (u_char)'\145', (u_char)'\146', (u_char)'\147',
3109	(u_char)'\150', (u_char)'\151', (u_char)'\152', (u_char)'\153',
3110	(u_char)'\154', (u_char)'\155', (u_char)'\156', (u_char)'\157',
3111	(u_char)'\160', (u_char)'\161', (u_char)'\162', (u_char)'\163',
3112	(u_char)'\164', (u_char)'\165', (u_char)'\166', (u_char)'\167',
3113	(u_char)'\170', (u_char)'\171', (u_char)'\172', (u_char)'\133',
3114	(u_char)'\134', (u_char)'\135', (u_char)'\136', (u_char)'\137',
3115	(u_char)'\140', (u_char)'\141', (u_char)'\142', (u_char)'\143',
3116	(u_char)'\144', (u_char)'\145', (u_char)'\146', (u_char)'\147',
3117	(u_char)'\150', (u_char)'\151', (u_char)'\152', (u_char)'\153',
3118	(u_char)'\154', (u_char)'\155', (u_char)'\156', (u_char)'\157',
3119	(u_char)'\160', (u_char)'\161', (u_char)'\162', (u_char)'\163',
3120	(u_char)'\164', (u_char)'\165', (u_char)'\166', (u_char)'\167',
3121	(u_char)'\170', (u_char)'\171', (u_char)'\172', (u_char)'\173',
3122	(u_char)'\174', (u_char)'\175', (u_char)'\176', (u_char)'\177',
3123	(u_char)'\200', (u_char)'\201', (u_char)'\202', (u_char)'\203',
3124	(u_char)'\204', (u_char)'\205', (u_char)'\206', (u_char)'\207',
3125	(u_char)'\210', (u_char)'\211', (u_char)'\212', (u_char)'\213',
3126	(u_char)'\214', (u_char)'\215', (u_char)'\216', (u_char)'\217',
3127	(u_char)'\220', (u_char)'\221', (u_char)'\222', (u_char)'\223',
3128	(u_char)'\224', (u_char)'\225', (u_char)'\226', (u_char)'\227',
3129	(u_char)'\230', (u_char)'\231', (u_char)'\232', (u_char)'\233',
3130	(u_char)'\234', (u_char)'\235', (u_char)'\236', (u_char)'\237',
3131	(u_char)'\240', (u_char)'\241', (u_char)'\242', (u_char)'\243',
3132	(u_char)'\244', (u_char)'\245', (u_char)'\246', (u_char)'\247',
3133	(u_char)'\250', (u_char)'\251', (u_char)'\252', (u_char)'\253',
3134	(u_char)'\254', (u_char)'\255', (u_char)'\256', (u_char)'\257',
3135	(u_char)'\260', (u_char)'\261', (u_char)'\262', (u_char)'\263',
3136	(u_char)'\264', (u_char)'\265', (u_char)'\266', (u_char)'\267',
3137	(u_char)'\270', (u_char)'\271', (u_char)'\272', (u_char)'\273',
3138	(u_char)'\274', (u_char)'\275', (u_char)'\276', (u_char)'\277',
3139	(u_char)'\300', (u_char)'\341', (u_char)'\342', (u_char)'\343',
3140	(u_char)'\344', (u_char)'\345', (u_char)'\346', (u_char)'\347',
3141	(u_char)'\350', (u_char)'\351', (u_char)'\352', (u_char)'\353',
3142	(u_char)'\354', (u_char)'\355', (u_char)'\356', (u_char)'\357',
3143	(u_char)'\360', (u_char)'\361', (u_char)'\362', (u_char)'\363',
3144	(u_char)'\364', (u_char)'\365', (u_char)'\366', (u_char)'\367',
3145	(u_char)'\370', (u_char)'\371', (u_char)'\372', (u_char)'\333',
3146	(u_char)'\334', (u_char)'\335', (u_char)'\336', (u_char)'\337',
3147	(u_char)'\340', (u_char)'\341', (u_char)'\342', (u_char)'\343',
3148	(u_char)'\344', (u_char)'\345', (u_char)'\346', (u_char)'\347',
3149	(u_char)'\350', (u_char)'\351', (u_char)'\352', (u_char)'\353',
3150	(u_char)'\354', (u_char)'\355', (u_char)'\356', (u_char)'\357',
3151	(u_char)'\360', (u_char)'\361', (u_char)'\362', (u_char)'\363',
3152	(u_char)'\364', (u_char)'\365', (u_char)'\366', (u_char)'\367',
3153	(u_char)'\370', (u_char)'\371', (u_char)'\372', (u_char)'\373',
3154	(u_char)'\374', (u_char)'\375', (u_char)'\376', (u_char)'\377',
3155};
3156
3157int
3158pcap_strcasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2)
3159{
3160	register const u_char	*cm = charmap,
3161				*us1 = (const u_char *)s1,
3162				*us2 = (const u_char *)s2;
3163
3164	while (cm[*us1] == cm[*us2++])
3165		if (*us1++ == '\0')
3166			return(0);
3167	return (cm[*us1] - cm[*--us2]);
3168}
3169
3170struct dlt_choice {
3171	const char *name;
3172	const char *description;
3173	int	dlt;
3174};
3175
3176#define DLT_CHOICE(code, description) { #code, description, DLT_ ## code }
3177#define DLT_CHOICE_SENTINEL { NULL, NULL, 0 }
3178
3179static struct dlt_choice dlt_choices[] = {
3180	DLT_CHOICE(NULL, "BSD loopback"),
3181	DLT_CHOICE(EN10MB, "Ethernet"),
3182	DLT_CHOICE(IEEE802, "Token ring"),
3183	DLT_CHOICE(ARCNET, "BSD ARCNET"),
3184	DLT_CHOICE(SLIP, "SLIP"),
3185	DLT_CHOICE(PPP, "PPP"),
3186	DLT_CHOICE(FDDI, "FDDI"),
3187	DLT_CHOICE(ATM_RFC1483, "RFC 1483 LLC-encapsulated ATM"),
3188	DLT_CHOICE(RAW, "Raw IP"),
3189	DLT_CHOICE(SLIP_BSDOS, "BSD/OS SLIP"),
3190	DLT_CHOICE(PPP_BSDOS, "BSD/OS PPP"),
3191	DLT_CHOICE(ATM_CLIP, "Linux Classical IP over ATM"),
3192	DLT_CHOICE(PPP_SERIAL, "PPP over serial"),
3193	DLT_CHOICE(PPP_ETHER, "PPPoE"),
3194	DLT_CHOICE(SYMANTEC_FIREWALL, "Symantec Firewall"),
3195	DLT_CHOICE(C_HDLC, "Cisco HDLC"),
3196	DLT_CHOICE(IEEE802_11, "802.11"),
3197	DLT_CHOICE(FRELAY, "Frame Relay"),
3198	DLT_CHOICE(LOOP, "OpenBSD loopback"),
3199	DLT_CHOICE(ENC, "OpenBSD encapsulated IP"),
3200	DLT_CHOICE(LINUX_SLL, "Linux cooked v1"),
3201	DLT_CHOICE(LTALK, "Localtalk"),
3202	DLT_CHOICE(PFLOG, "OpenBSD pflog file"),
3203	DLT_CHOICE(PFSYNC, "Packet filter state syncing"),
3204	DLT_CHOICE(PRISM_HEADER, "802.11 plus Prism header"),
3205	DLT_CHOICE(IP_OVER_FC, "RFC 2625 IP-over-Fibre Channel"),
3206	DLT_CHOICE(SUNATM, "Sun raw ATM"),
3207	DLT_CHOICE(IEEE802_11_RADIO, "802.11 plus radiotap header"),
3208	DLT_CHOICE(ARCNET_LINUX, "Linux ARCNET"),
3209	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_MLPPP, "Juniper Multi-Link PPP"),
3210	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_MLFR, "Juniper Multi-Link Frame Relay"),
3211	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_ES, "Juniper Encryption Services PIC"),
3212	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_GGSN, "Juniper GGSN PIC"),
3213	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_MFR, "Juniper FRF.16 Frame Relay"),
3214	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_ATM2, "Juniper ATM2 PIC"),
3215	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_SERVICES, "Juniper Advanced Services PIC"),
3216	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_ATM1, "Juniper ATM1 PIC"),
3217	DLT_CHOICE(APPLE_IP_OVER_IEEE1394, "Apple IP-over-IEEE 1394"),
3218	DLT_CHOICE(MTP2_WITH_PHDR, "SS7 MTP2 with Pseudo-header"),
3219	DLT_CHOICE(MTP2, "SS7 MTP2"),
3220	DLT_CHOICE(MTP3, "SS7 MTP3"),
3221	DLT_CHOICE(SCCP, "SS7 SCCP"),
3222	DLT_CHOICE(DOCSIS, "DOCSIS"),
3223	DLT_CHOICE(LINUX_IRDA, "Linux IrDA"),
3224	DLT_CHOICE(IEEE802_11_RADIO_AVS, "802.11 plus AVS radio information header"),
3225	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_MONITOR, "Juniper Passive Monitor PIC"),
3226	DLT_CHOICE(BACNET_MS_TP, "BACnet MS/TP"),
3227	DLT_CHOICE(PPP_PPPD, "PPP for pppd, with direction flag"),
3228	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_PPPOE, "Juniper PPPoE"),
3229	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_PPPOE_ATM, "Juniper PPPoE/ATM"),
3230	DLT_CHOICE(GPRS_LLC, "GPRS LLC"),
3231	DLT_CHOICE(GPF_T, "GPF-T"),
3232	DLT_CHOICE(GPF_F, "GPF-F"),
3233	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_PIC_PEER, "Juniper PIC Peer"),
3234	DLT_CHOICE(ERF_ETH, "Ethernet with Endace ERF header"),
3235	DLT_CHOICE(ERF_POS, "Packet-over-SONET with Endace ERF header"),
3236	DLT_CHOICE(LINUX_LAPD, "Linux vISDN LAPD"),
3237	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_ETHER, "Juniper Ethernet"),
3238	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_PPP, "Juniper PPP"),
3239	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_FRELAY, "Juniper Frame Relay"),
3240	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_CHDLC, "Juniper C-HDLC"),
3241	DLT_CHOICE(MFR, "FRF.16 Frame Relay"),
3242	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_VP, "Juniper Voice PIC"),
3243	DLT_CHOICE(A429, "Arinc 429"),
3244	DLT_CHOICE(A653_ICM, "Arinc 653 Interpartition Communication"),
3245	DLT_CHOICE(USB_FREEBSD, "USB with FreeBSD header"),
3246	DLT_CHOICE(BLUETOOTH_HCI_H4, "Bluetooth HCI UART transport layer"),
3247	DLT_CHOICE(IEEE802_16_MAC_CPS, "IEEE 802.16 MAC Common Part Sublayer"),
3248	DLT_CHOICE(USB_LINUX, "USB with Linux header"),
3249	DLT_CHOICE(CAN20B, "Controller Area Network (CAN) v. 2.0B"),
3250	DLT_CHOICE(IEEE802_15_4_LINUX, "IEEE 802.15.4 with Linux padding"),
3251	DLT_CHOICE(PPI, "Per-Packet Information"),
3252	DLT_CHOICE(IEEE802_16_MAC_CPS_RADIO, "IEEE 802.16 MAC Common Part Sublayer plus radiotap header"),
3253	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_ISM, "Juniper Integrated Service Module"),
3254	DLT_CHOICE(IEEE802_15_4, "IEEE 802.15.4 with FCS"),
3255	DLT_CHOICE(SITA, "SITA pseudo-header"),
3256	DLT_CHOICE(ERF, "Endace ERF header"),
3257	DLT_CHOICE(RAIF1, "Ethernet with u10 Networks pseudo-header"),
3258	DLT_CHOICE(IPMB_KONTRON, "IPMB with Kontron pseudo-header"),
3259	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_ST, "Juniper Secure Tunnel"),
3260	DLT_CHOICE(BLUETOOTH_HCI_H4_WITH_PHDR, "Bluetooth HCI UART transport layer plus pseudo-header"),
3261	DLT_CHOICE(AX25_KISS, "AX.25 with KISS header"),
3262	DLT_CHOICE(IPMB_LINUX, "IPMB with Linux/Pigeon Point pseudo-header"),
3263	DLT_CHOICE(IEEE802_15_4_NONASK_PHY, "IEEE 802.15.4 with non-ASK PHY data"),
3264	DLT_CHOICE(MPLS, "MPLS with label as link-layer header"),
3265	DLT_CHOICE(LINUX_EVDEV, "Linux evdev events"),
3266	DLT_CHOICE(USB_LINUX_MMAPPED, "USB with padded Linux header"),
3267	DLT_CHOICE(DECT, "DECT"),
3268	DLT_CHOICE(AOS, "AOS Space Data Link protocol"),
3269	DLT_CHOICE(WIHART, "Wireless HART"),
3270	DLT_CHOICE(FC_2, "Fibre Channel FC-2"),
3271	DLT_CHOICE(FC_2_WITH_FRAME_DELIMS, "Fibre Channel FC-2 with frame delimiters"),
3272	DLT_CHOICE(IPNET, "Solaris ipnet"),
3273	DLT_CHOICE(CAN_SOCKETCAN, "CAN-bus with SocketCAN headers"),
3274	DLT_CHOICE(IPV4, "Raw IPv4"),
3275	DLT_CHOICE(IPV6, "Raw IPv6"),
3276	DLT_CHOICE(IEEE802_15_4_NOFCS, "IEEE 802.15.4 without FCS"),
3277	DLT_CHOICE(DBUS, "D-Bus"),
3278	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_VS, "Juniper Virtual Server"),
3279	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_SRX_E2E, "Juniper SRX E2E"),
3280	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_FIBRECHANNEL, "Juniper Fibre Channel"),
3281	DLT_CHOICE(DVB_CI, "DVB-CI"),
3282	DLT_CHOICE(MUX27010, "MUX27010"),
3283	DLT_CHOICE(STANAG_5066_D_PDU, "STANAG 5066 D_PDUs"),
3284	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_ATM_CEMIC, "Juniper ATM CEMIC"),
3285	DLT_CHOICE(NFLOG, "Linux netfilter log messages"),
3286	DLT_CHOICE(NETANALYZER, "Ethernet with Hilscher netANALYZER pseudo-header"),
3287	DLT_CHOICE(NETANALYZER_TRANSPARENT, "Ethernet with Hilscher netANALYZER pseudo-header and with preamble and SFD"),
3288	DLT_CHOICE(IPOIB, "RFC 4391 IP-over-Infiniband"),
3289	DLT_CHOICE(MPEG_2_TS, "MPEG-2 transport stream"),
3290	DLT_CHOICE(NG40, "ng40 protocol tester Iub/Iur"),
3291	DLT_CHOICE(NFC_LLCP, "NFC LLCP PDUs with pseudo-header"),
3292	DLT_CHOICE(INFINIBAND, "InfiniBand"),
3293	DLT_CHOICE(SCTP, "SCTP"),
3294	DLT_CHOICE(USBPCAP, "USB with USBPcap header"),
3295	DLT_CHOICE(RTAC_SERIAL, "Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories RTAC packets"),
3296	DLT_CHOICE(BLUETOOTH_LE_LL, "Bluetooth Low Energy air interface"),
3297	DLT_CHOICE(NETLINK, "Linux netlink"),
3298	DLT_CHOICE(BLUETOOTH_LINUX_MONITOR, "Bluetooth Linux Monitor"),
3299	DLT_CHOICE(BLUETOOTH_BREDR_BB, "Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate baseband packets"),
3300	DLT_CHOICE(BLUETOOTH_LE_LL_WITH_PHDR, "Bluetooth Low Energy air interface with pseudo-header"),
3301	DLT_CHOICE(PROFIBUS_DL, "PROFIBUS data link layer"),
3302	DLT_CHOICE(PKTAP, "Apple DLT_PKTAP"),
3303	DLT_CHOICE(EPON, "Ethernet with 802.3 Clause 65 EPON preamble"),
3304	DLT_CHOICE(IPMI_HPM_2, "IPMI trace packets"),
3305	DLT_CHOICE(ZWAVE_R1_R2, "Z-Wave RF profile R1 and R2 packets"),
3306	DLT_CHOICE(ZWAVE_R3, "Z-Wave RF profile R3 packets"),
3307	DLT_CHOICE(WATTSTOPPER_DLM, "WattStopper Digital Lighting Management (DLM) and Legrand Nitoo Open protocol"),
3308	DLT_CHOICE(ISO_14443, "ISO 14443 messages"),
3309	DLT_CHOICE(RDS, "IEC 62106 Radio Data System groups"),
3310	DLT_CHOICE(USB_DARWIN, "USB with Darwin header"),
3311	DLT_CHOICE(OPENFLOW, "OpenBSD DLT_OPENFLOW"),
3312	DLT_CHOICE(SDLC, "IBM SDLC frames"),
3313	DLT_CHOICE(TI_LLN_SNIFFER, "TI LLN sniffer frames"),
3314	DLT_CHOICE(VSOCK, "Linux vsock"),
3315	DLT_CHOICE(NORDIC_BLE, "Nordic Semiconductor Bluetooth LE sniffer frames"),
3316	DLT_CHOICE(DOCSIS31_XRA31, "Excentis XRA-31 DOCSIS 3.1 RF sniffer frames"),
3317	DLT_CHOICE(ETHERNET_MPACKET, "802.3br mPackets"),
3318	DLT_CHOICE(DISPLAYPORT_AUX, "DisplayPort AUX channel monitoring data"),
3319	DLT_CHOICE(LINUX_SLL2, "Linux cooked v2"),
3320	DLT_CHOICE(OPENVIZSLA, "OpenVizsla USB"),
3321	DLT_CHOICE(EBHSCR, "Elektrobit High Speed Capture and Replay (EBHSCR)"),
3322	DLT_CHOICE(VPP_DISPATCH, "VPP graph dispatch tracer"),
3323	DLT_CHOICE(DSA_TAG_BRCM, "Broadcom tag"),
3324	DLT_CHOICE(DSA_TAG_BRCM_PREPEND, "Broadcom tag (prepended)"),
3325	DLT_CHOICE(IEEE802_15_4_TAP, "IEEE 802.15.4 with pseudo-header"),
3326	DLT_CHOICE(DSA_TAG_DSA, "Marvell DSA"),
3327	DLT_CHOICE(DSA_TAG_EDSA, "Marvell EDSA"),
3328	DLT_CHOICE(ELEE, "ELEE lawful intercept packets"),
3329	DLT_CHOICE(Z_WAVE_SERIAL, "Z-Wave serial frames between host and chip"),
3330	DLT_CHOICE(USB_2_0, "USB 2.0/1.1/1.0 as transmitted over the cable"),
3331	DLT_CHOICE(ATSC_ALP, "ATSC Link-Layer Protocol packets"),
3332	DLT_CHOICE_SENTINEL
3333};
3334
3335int
3336pcap_datalink_name_to_val(const char *name)
3337{
3338	int i;
3339
3340	for (i = 0; dlt_choices[i].name != NULL; i++) {
3341		if (pcap_strcasecmp(dlt_choices[i].name, name) == 0)
3342			return (dlt_choices[i].dlt);
3343	}
3344	return (-1);
3345}
3346
3347const char *
3348pcap_datalink_val_to_name(int dlt)
3349{
3350	int i;
3351
3352	for (i = 0; dlt_choices[i].name != NULL; i++) {
3353		if (dlt_choices[i].dlt == dlt)
3354			return (dlt_choices[i].name);
3355	}
3356	return (NULL);
3357}
3358
3359const char *
3360pcap_datalink_val_to_description(int dlt)
3361{
3362	int i;
3363
3364	for (i = 0; dlt_choices[i].name != NULL; i++) {
3365		if (dlt_choices[i].dlt == dlt)
3366			return (dlt_choices[i].description);
3367	}
3368	return (NULL);
3369}
3370
3371const char *
3372pcap_datalink_val_to_description_or_dlt(int dlt)
3373{
3374        static char unkbuf[40];
3375        const char *description;
3376
3377        description = pcap_datalink_val_to_description(dlt);
3378        if (description != NULL) {
3379                return description;
3380        } else {
3381                (void)snprintf(unkbuf, sizeof(unkbuf), "DLT %d", dlt);
3382                return unkbuf;
3383        }
3384}
3385
3386struct tstamp_type_choice {
3387	const char *name;
3388	const char *description;
3389	int	type;
3390};
3391
3392static struct tstamp_type_choice tstamp_type_choices[] = {
3393	{ "host", "Host", PCAP_TSTAMP_HOST },
3394	{ "host_lowprec", "Host, low precision", PCAP_TSTAMP_HOST_LOWPREC },
3395	{ "host_hiprec", "Host, high precision", PCAP_TSTAMP_HOST_HIPREC },
3396	{ "adapter", "Adapter", PCAP_TSTAMP_ADAPTER },
3397	{ "adapter_unsynced", "Adapter, not synced with system time", PCAP_TSTAMP_ADAPTER_UNSYNCED },
3398	{ "host_hiprec_unsynced", "Host, high precision, not synced with system time", PCAP_TSTAMP_HOST_HIPREC_UNSYNCED },
3399	{ NULL, NULL, 0 }
3400};
3401
3402int
3403pcap_tstamp_type_name_to_val(const char *name)
3404{
3405	int i;
3406
3407	for (i = 0; tstamp_type_choices[i].name != NULL; i++) {
3408		if (pcap_strcasecmp(tstamp_type_choices[i].name, name) == 0)
3409			return (tstamp_type_choices[i].type);
3410	}
3411	return (PCAP_ERROR);
3412}
3413
3414const char *
3415pcap_tstamp_type_val_to_name(int tstamp_type)
3416{
3417	int i;
3418
3419	for (i = 0; tstamp_type_choices[i].name != NULL; i++) {
3420		if (tstamp_type_choices[i].type == tstamp_type)
3421			return (tstamp_type_choices[i].name);
3422	}
3423	return (NULL);
3424}
3425
3426const char *
3427pcap_tstamp_type_val_to_description(int tstamp_type)
3428{
3429	int i;
3430
3431	for (i = 0; tstamp_type_choices[i].name != NULL; i++) {
3432		if (tstamp_type_choices[i].type == tstamp_type)
3433			return (tstamp_type_choices[i].description);
3434	}
3435	return (NULL);
3436}
3437
3438int
3439pcap_snapshot(pcap_t *p)
3440{
3441	if (!p->activated)
3442		return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
3443	return (p->snapshot);
3444}
3445
3446int
3447pcap_is_swapped(pcap_t *p)
3448{
3449	if (!p->activated)
3450		return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
3451	return (p->swapped);
3452}
3453
3454int
3455pcap_major_version(pcap_t *p)
3456{
3457	if (!p->activated)
3458		return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
3459	return (p->version_major);
3460}
3461
3462int
3463pcap_minor_version(pcap_t *p)
3464{
3465	if (!p->activated)
3466		return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
3467	return (p->version_minor);
3468}
3469
3470int
3471pcap_bufsize(pcap_t *p)
3472{
3473	if (!p->activated)
3474		return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
3475	return (p->bufsize);
3476}
3477
3478FILE *
3479pcap_file(pcap_t *p)
3480{
3481	return (p->rfile);
3482}
3483
3484#ifdef _WIN32
3485int
3486pcap_fileno(pcap_t *p)
3487{
3488	if (p->handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
3489		/*
3490		 * This is a bogus and now-deprecated API; we
3491		 * squelch the narrowing warning for the cast
3492		 * from HANDLE to intptr_t.  If Windows programmmers
3493		 * need to get at the HANDLE for a pcap_t, *if*
3494		 * there is one, they should request such a
3495		 * routine (and be prepared for it to return
3496		 * INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE).
3497		 */
3498DIAG_OFF_NARROWING
3499		return ((int)(intptr_t)p->handle);
3500DIAG_ON_NARROWING
3501	} else
3502		return (PCAP_ERROR);
3503}
3504#else /* _WIN32 */
3505int
3506pcap_fileno(pcap_t *p)
3507{
3508	return (p->fd);
3509}
3510#endif /* _WIN32 */
3511
3512#if !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(MSDOS)
3513int
3514pcap_get_selectable_fd(pcap_t *p)
3515{
3516	return (p->selectable_fd);
3517}
3518
3519const struct timeval *
3520pcap_get_required_select_timeout(pcap_t *p)
3521{
3522	return (p->required_select_timeout);
3523}
3524#endif
3525
3526void
3527pcap_perror(pcap_t *p, const char *prefix)
3528{
3529	fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", prefix, p->errbuf);
3530}
3531
3532char *
3533pcap_geterr(pcap_t *p)
3534{
3535	return (p->errbuf);
3536}
3537
3538int
3539pcap_getnonblock(pcap_t *p, char *errbuf)
3540{
3541	int ret;
3542
3543	ret = p->getnonblock_op(p);
3544	if (ret == -1) {
3545		/*
3546		 * The get nonblock operation sets p->errbuf; this
3547		 * function *shouldn't* have had a separate errbuf
3548		 * argument, as it didn't need one, but I goofed
3549		 * when adding it.
3550		 *
3551		 * We copy the error message to errbuf, so callers
3552		 * can find it in either place.
3553		 */
3554		pcap_strlcpy(errbuf, p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE);
3555	}
3556	return (ret);
3557}
3558
3559/*
3560 * Get the current non-blocking mode setting, under the assumption that
3561 * it's just the standard POSIX non-blocking flag.
3562 */
3563#if !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(MSDOS)
3564int
3565pcap_getnonblock_fd(pcap_t *p)
3566{
3567	int fdflags;
3568
3569	fdflags = fcntl(p->fd, F_GETFL, 0);
3570	if (fdflags == -1) {
3571		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3572		    errno, "F_GETFL");
3573		return (-1);
3574	}
3575	if (fdflags & O_NONBLOCK)
3576		return (1);
3577	else
3578		return (0);
3579}
3580#endif
3581
3582int
3583pcap_setnonblock(pcap_t *p, int nonblock, char *errbuf)
3584{
3585	int ret;
3586
3587	ret = p->setnonblock_op(p, nonblock);
3588	if (ret == -1) {
3589		/*
3590		 * The set nonblock operation sets p->errbuf; this
3591		 * function *shouldn't* have had a separate errbuf
3592		 * argument, as it didn't need one, but I goofed
3593		 * when adding it.
3594		 *
3595		 * We copy the error message to errbuf, so callers
3596		 * can find it in either place.
3597		 */
3598		pcap_strlcpy(errbuf, p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE);
3599	}
3600	return (ret);
3601}
3602
3603#if !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(MSDOS)
3604/*
3605 * Set non-blocking mode, under the assumption that it's just the
3606 * standard POSIX non-blocking flag.  (This can be called by the
3607 * per-platform non-blocking-mode routine if that routine also
3608 * needs to do some additional work.)
3609 */
3610int
3611pcap_setnonblock_fd(pcap_t *p, int nonblock)
3612{
3613	int fdflags;
3614
3615	fdflags = fcntl(p->fd, F_GETFL, 0);
3616	if (fdflags == -1) {
3617		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3618		    errno, "F_GETFL");
3619		return (-1);
3620	}
3621	if (nonblock)
3622		fdflags |= O_NONBLOCK;
3623	else
3624		fdflags &= ~O_NONBLOCK;
3625	if (fcntl(p->fd, F_SETFL, fdflags) == -1) {
3626		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3627		    errno, "F_SETFL");
3628		return (-1);
3629	}
3630	return (0);
3631}
3632#endif
3633
3634/*
3635 * Generate error strings for PCAP_ERROR_ and PCAP_WARNING_ values.
3636 */
3637const char *
3638pcap_statustostr(int errnum)
3639{
3640	static char ebuf[15+10+1];
3641
3642	switch (errnum) {
3643
3644	case PCAP_WARNING:
3645		return("Generic warning");
3646
3647	case PCAP_WARNING_TSTAMP_TYPE_NOTSUP:
3648		return ("That type of time stamp is not supported by that device");
3649
3650	case PCAP_WARNING_PROMISC_NOTSUP:
3651		return ("That device doesn't support promiscuous mode");
3652
3653	case PCAP_ERROR:
3654		return("Generic error");
3655
3656	case PCAP_ERROR_BREAK:
3657		return("Loop terminated by pcap_breakloop");
3658
3659	case PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED:
3660		return("The pcap_t has not been activated");
3661
3662	case PCAP_ERROR_ACTIVATED:
3663		return ("The setting can't be changed after the pcap_t is activated");
3664
3665	case PCAP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_DEVICE:
3666		return ("No such device exists");
3667
3668	case PCAP_ERROR_RFMON_NOTSUP:
3669		return ("That device doesn't support monitor mode");
3670
3671	case PCAP_ERROR_NOT_RFMON:
3672		return ("That operation is supported only in monitor mode");
3673
3674	case PCAP_ERROR_PERM_DENIED:
3675		return ("You don't have permission to perform this capture on that device");
3676
3677	case PCAP_ERROR_IFACE_NOT_UP:
3678		return ("That device is not up");
3679
3680	case PCAP_ERROR_CANTSET_TSTAMP_TYPE:
3681		return ("That device doesn't support setting the time stamp type");
3682
3683	case PCAP_ERROR_PROMISC_PERM_DENIED:
3684		return ("You don't have permission to capture in promiscuous mode on that device");
3685
3686	case PCAP_ERROR_TSTAMP_PRECISION_NOTSUP:
3687		return ("That device doesn't support that time stamp precision");
3688	}
3689	(void)snprintf(ebuf, sizeof ebuf, "Unknown error: %d", errnum);
3690	return(ebuf);
3691}
3692
3693/*
3694 * Not all systems have strerror().
3695 */
3696const char *
3697pcap_strerror(int errnum)
3698{
3699#ifdef HAVE_STRERROR
3700#ifdef _WIN32
3701	static char errbuf[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE];
3702	errno_t err = strerror_s(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, errnum);
3703
3704	if (err != 0) /* err = 0 if successful */
3705		pcap_strlcpy(errbuf, "strerror_s() error", PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE);
3706	return (errbuf);
3707#else
3708	return (strerror(errnum));
3709#endif /* _WIN32 */
3710#else
3711	extern int sys_nerr;
3712	extern const char *const sys_errlist[];
3713	static char errbuf[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE];
3714
3715	if ((unsigned int)errnum < sys_nerr)
3716		return ((char *)sys_errlist[errnum]);
3717	(void)snprintf(errbuf, sizeof errbuf, "Unknown error: %d", errnum);
3718	return (errbuf);
3719#endif
3720}
3721
3722int
3723pcap_setfilter(pcap_t *p, struct bpf_program *fp)
3724{
3725	return (p->setfilter_op(p, fp));
3726}
3727
3728/*
3729 * Set direction flag, which controls whether we accept only incoming
3730 * packets, only outgoing packets, or both.
3731 * Note that, depending on the platform, some or all direction arguments
3732 * might not be supported.
3733 */
3734int
3735pcap_setdirection(pcap_t *p, pcap_direction_t d)
3736{
3737	if (p->setdirection_op == NULL) {
3738		snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3739		    "Setting direction is not supported on this device");
3740		return (-1);
3741	} else {
3742		switch (d) {
3743
3744		case PCAP_D_IN:
3745		case PCAP_D_OUT:
3746		case PCAP_D_INOUT:
3747			/*
3748			 * Valid direction.
3749			 */
3750			return (p->setdirection_op(p, d));
3751
3752		default:
3753			/*
3754			 * Invalid direction.
3755			 */
3756			snprintf(p->errbuf, sizeof(p->errbuf),
3757			    "Invalid direction");
3758			return (-1);
3759		}
3760	}
3761}
3762
3763int
3764pcap_stats(pcap_t *p, struct pcap_stat *ps)
3765{
3766	return (p->stats_op(p, ps));
3767}
3768
3769#ifdef _WIN32
3770struct pcap_stat *
3771pcap_stats_ex(pcap_t *p, int *pcap_stat_size)
3772{
3773	return (p->stats_ex_op(p, pcap_stat_size));
3774}
3775
3776int
3777pcap_setbuff(pcap_t *p, int dim)
3778{
3779	return (p->setbuff_op(p, dim));
3780}
3781
3782int
3783pcap_setmode(pcap_t *p, int mode)
3784{
3785	return (p->setmode_op(p, mode));
3786}
3787
3788int
3789pcap_setmintocopy(pcap_t *p, int size)
3790{
3791	return (p->setmintocopy_op(p, size));
3792}
3793
3794HANDLE
3795pcap_getevent(pcap_t *p)
3796{
3797	return (p->getevent_op(p));
3798}
3799
3800int
3801pcap_oid_get_request(pcap_t *p, bpf_u_int32 oid, void *data, size_t *lenp)
3802{
3803	return (p->oid_get_request_op(p, oid, data, lenp));
3804}
3805
3806int
3807pcap_oid_set_request(pcap_t *p, bpf_u_int32 oid, const void *data, size_t *lenp)
3808{
3809	return (p->oid_set_request_op(p, oid, data, lenp));
3810}
3811
3812pcap_send_queue *
3813pcap_sendqueue_alloc(u_int memsize)
3814{
3815	pcap_send_queue *tqueue;
3816
3817	/* Allocate the queue */
3818	tqueue = (pcap_send_queue *)malloc(sizeof(pcap_send_queue));
3819	if (tqueue == NULL){
3820		return (NULL);
3821	}
3822
3823	/* Allocate the buffer */
3824	tqueue->buffer = (char *)malloc(memsize);
3825	if (tqueue->buffer == NULL) {
3826		free(tqueue);
3827		return (NULL);
3828	}
3829
3830	tqueue->maxlen = memsize;
3831	tqueue->len = 0;
3832
3833	return (tqueue);
3834}
3835
3836void
3837pcap_sendqueue_destroy(pcap_send_queue *queue)
3838{
3839	free(queue->buffer);
3840	free(queue);
3841}
3842
3843int
3844pcap_sendqueue_queue(pcap_send_queue *queue, const struct pcap_pkthdr *pkt_header, const u_char *pkt_data)
3845{
3846	if (queue->len + sizeof(struct pcap_pkthdr) + pkt_header->caplen > queue->maxlen){
3847		return (-1);
3848	}
3849
3850	/* Copy the pcap_pkthdr header*/
3851	memcpy(queue->buffer + queue->len, pkt_header, sizeof(struct pcap_pkthdr));
3852	queue->len += sizeof(struct pcap_pkthdr);
3853
3854	/* copy the packet */
3855	memcpy(queue->buffer + queue->len, pkt_data, pkt_header->caplen);
3856	queue->len += pkt_header->caplen;
3857
3858	return (0);
3859}
3860
3861u_int
3862pcap_sendqueue_transmit(pcap_t *p, pcap_send_queue *queue, int sync)
3863{
3864	return (p->sendqueue_transmit_op(p, queue, sync));
3865}
3866
3867int
3868pcap_setuserbuffer(pcap_t *p, int size)
3869{
3870	return (p->setuserbuffer_op(p, size));
3871}
3872
3873int
3874pcap_live_dump(pcap_t *p, char *filename, int maxsize, int maxpacks)
3875{
3876	return (p->live_dump_op(p, filename, maxsize, maxpacks));
3877}
3878
3879int
3880pcap_live_dump_ended(pcap_t *p, int sync)
3881{
3882	return (p->live_dump_ended_op(p, sync));
3883}
3884
3885PAirpcapHandle
3886pcap_get_airpcap_handle(pcap_t *p)
3887{
3888	PAirpcapHandle handle;
3889
3890	handle = p->get_airpcap_handle_op(p);
3891	if (handle == NULL) {
3892		(void)snprintf(p->errbuf, sizeof(p->errbuf),
3893		    "This isn't an AirPcap device");
3894	}
3895	return (handle);
3896}
3897#endif
3898
3899/*
3900 * On some platforms, we need to clean up promiscuous or monitor mode
3901 * when we close a device - and we want that to happen even if the
3902 * application just exits without explicitl closing devices.
3903 * On those platforms, we need to register a "close all the pcaps"
3904 * routine to be called when we exit, and need to maintain a list of
3905 * pcaps that need to be closed to clean up modes.
3906 *
3907 * XXX - not thread-safe.
3908 */
3909
3910/*
3911 * List of pcaps on which we've done something that needs to be
3912 * cleaned up.
3913 * If there are any such pcaps, we arrange to call "pcap_close_all()"
3914 * when we exit, and have it close all of them.
3915 */
3916static struct pcap *pcaps_to_close;
3917
3918/*
3919 * TRUE if we've already called "atexit()" to cause "pcap_close_all()" to
3920 * be called on exit.
3921 */
3922static int did_atexit;
3923
3924static void
3925pcap_close_all(void)
3926{
3927	struct pcap *handle;
3928
3929	while ((handle = pcaps_to_close) != NULL) {
3930		pcap_close(handle);
3931
3932		/*
3933		 * If a pcap module adds a pcap_t to the "close all"
3934		 * list by calling pcap_add_to_pcaps_to_close(), it
3935		 * must have a cleanup routine that removes it from the
3936		 * list, by calling pcap_remove_from_pcaps_to_close(),
3937		 * and must make that cleanup routine the cleanup_op
3938		 * for the pcap_t.
3939		 *
3940		 * That means that, after pcap_close() - which calls
3941		 * the cleanup_op for the pcap_t - the pcap_t must
3942		 * have been removed from the list, so pcaps_to_close
3943		 * must not be equal to handle.
3944		 *
3945		 * We check for that, and abort if handle is still
3946		 * at the head of the list, to prevent infinite loops.
3947		 */
3948		if (pcaps_to_close == handle)
3949			abort();
3950	}
3951}
3952
3953int
3954pcap_do_addexit(pcap_t *p)
3955{
3956	/*
3957	 * If we haven't already done so, arrange to have
3958	 * "pcap_close_all()" called when we exit.
3959	 */
3960	if (!did_atexit) {
3961		if (atexit(pcap_close_all) != 0) {
3962			/*
3963			 * "atexit()" failed; let our caller know.
3964			 */
3965			pcap_strlcpy(p->errbuf, "atexit failed", PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE);
3966			return (0);
3967		}
3968		did_atexit = 1;
3969	}
3970	return (1);
3971}
3972
3973void
3974pcap_add_to_pcaps_to_close(pcap_t *p)
3975{
3976	p->next = pcaps_to_close;
3977	pcaps_to_close = p;
3978}
3979
3980void
3981pcap_remove_from_pcaps_to_close(pcap_t *p)
3982{
3983	pcap_t *pc, *prevpc;
3984
3985	for (pc = pcaps_to_close, prevpc = NULL; pc != NULL;
3986	    prevpc = pc, pc = pc->next) {
3987		if (pc == p) {
3988			/*
3989			 * Found it.  Remove it from the list.
3990			 */
3991			if (prevpc == NULL) {
3992				/*
3993				 * It was at the head of the list.
3994				 */
3995				pcaps_to_close = pc->next;
3996			} else {
3997				/*
3998				 * It was in the middle of the list.
3999				 */
4000				prevpc->next = pc->next;
4001			}
4002			break;
4003		}
4004	}
4005}
4006
4007void
4008pcap_breakloop_common(pcap_t *p)
4009{
4010	p->break_loop = 1;
4011}
4012
4013
4014void
4015pcap_cleanup_live_common(pcap_t *p)
4016{
4017	if (p->opt.device != NULL) {
4018		free(p->opt.device);
4019		p->opt.device = NULL;
4020	}
4021	if (p->buffer != NULL) {
4022		free(p->buffer);
4023		p->buffer = NULL;
4024	}
4025	if (p->dlt_list != NULL) {
4026		free(p->dlt_list);
4027		p->dlt_list = NULL;
4028		p->dlt_count = 0;
4029	}
4030	if (p->tstamp_type_list != NULL) {
4031		free(p->tstamp_type_list);
4032		p->tstamp_type_list = NULL;
4033		p->tstamp_type_count = 0;
4034	}
4035	if (p->tstamp_precision_list != NULL) {
4036		free(p->tstamp_precision_list);
4037		p->tstamp_precision_list = NULL;
4038		p->tstamp_precision_count = 0;
4039	}
4040	pcap_freecode(&p->fcode);
4041#if !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(MSDOS)
4042	if (p->fd >= 0) {
4043		close(p->fd);
4044		p->fd = -1;
4045	}
4046	p->selectable_fd = -1;
4047#endif
4048}
4049
4050/*
4051 * API compatible with WinPcap's "send a packet" routine - returns -1
4052 * on error, 0 otherwise.
4053 *
4054 * XXX - what if we get a short write?
4055 */
4056int
4057pcap_sendpacket(pcap_t *p, const u_char *buf, int size)
4058{
4059	if (size <= 0) {
4060		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
4061		    errno, "The number of bytes to be sent must be positive");
4062		return (PCAP_ERROR);
4063	}
4064
4065	if (p->inject_op(p, buf, size) == -1)
4066		return (-1);
4067	return (0);
4068}
4069
4070/*
4071 * API compatible with OpenBSD's "send a packet" routine - returns -1 on
4072 * error, number of bytes written otherwise.
4073 */
4074int
4075pcap_inject(pcap_t *p, const void *buf, size_t size)
4076{
4077	/*
4078	 * We return the number of bytes written, so the number of
4079	 * bytes to write must fit in an int.
4080	 */
4081	if (size > INT_MAX) {
4082		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
4083		    errno, "More than %d bytes cannot be injected", INT_MAX);
4084		return (PCAP_ERROR);
4085	}
4086
4087	if (size == 0) {
4088		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
4089		    errno, "The number of bytes to be injected must not be zero");
4090		return (PCAP_ERROR);
4091	}
4092
4093	return (p->inject_op(p, buf, size));
4094}
4095
4096void
4097pcap_close(pcap_t *p)
4098{
4099	p->cleanup_op(p);
4100	free(p);
4101}
4102
4103/*
4104 * Helpers for safely loading code at run time.
4105 * Currently Windows-only.
4106 */
4107#ifdef _WIN32
4108//
4109// This wrapper around loadlibrary appends the system folder (usually
4110// C:\Windows\System32) to the relative path of the DLL, so that the DLL
4111// is always loaded from an absolute path (it's no longer possible to
4112// load modules from the application folder).
4113// This solves the DLL Hijacking issue discovered in August 2010:
4114//
4115// https://blog.rapid7.com/2010/08/23/exploiting-dll-hijacking-flaws/
4116// https://blog.rapid7.com/2010/08/23/application-dll-load-hijacking/
4117// (the purported Rapid7 blog post link in the first of those two links
4118// is broken; the second of those links works.)
4119//
4120// If any links there are broken from all the content shuffling Rapid&
4121// did, see archived versions of the posts at their original homes, at
4122//
4123// https://web.archive.org/web/20110122175058/http://blog.metasploit.com/2010/08/exploiting-dll-hijacking-flaws.html
4124// https://web.archive.org/web/20100828112111/http://blog.rapid7.com/?p=5325
4125//
4126pcap_code_handle_t
4127pcap_load_code(const char *name)
4128{
4129	/*
4130	 * XXX - should this work in UTF-16LE rather than in the local
4131	 * ANSI code page?
4132	 */
4133	CHAR path[MAX_PATH];
4134	CHAR fullFileName[MAX_PATH];
4135	UINT res;
4136	HMODULE hModule = NULL;
4137
4138	do
4139	{
4140		res = GetSystemDirectoryA(path, MAX_PATH);
4141
4142		if (res == 0) {
4143			//
4144			// some bad failure occurred;
4145			//
4146			break;
4147		}
4148
4149		if (res > MAX_PATH) {
4150			//
4151			// the buffer was not big enough
4152			//
4153			SetLastError(ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER);
4154			break;
4155		}
4156
4157		if (res + 1 + strlen(name) + 1 < MAX_PATH) {
4158			memcpy(fullFileName, path, res * sizeof(TCHAR));
4159			fullFileName[res] = '\\';
4160			memcpy(&fullFileName[res + 1], name, (strlen(name) + 1) * sizeof(TCHAR));
4161
4162			hModule = LoadLibraryA(fullFileName);
4163		} else
4164			SetLastError(ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER);
4165
4166	} while(FALSE);
4167
4168	return hModule;
4169}
4170
4171pcap_funcptr_t
4172pcap_find_function(pcap_code_handle_t code, const char *func)
4173{
4174	return (GetProcAddress(code, func));
4175}
4176#endif
4177
4178/*
4179 * Given a BPF program, a pcap_pkthdr structure for a packet, and the raw
4180 * data for the packet, check whether the packet passes the filter.
4181 * Returns the return value of the filter program, which will be zero if
4182 * the packet doesn't pass and non-zero if the packet does pass.
4183 */
4184int
4185pcap_offline_filter(const struct bpf_program *fp, const struct pcap_pkthdr *h,
4186    const u_char *pkt)
4187{
4188	const struct bpf_insn *fcode = fp->bf_insns;
4189
4190	if (fcode != NULL)
4191		return (pcap_filter(fcode, pkt, h->len, h->caplen));
4192	else
4193		return (0);
4194}
4195
4196static int
4197pcap_can_set_rfmon_dead(pcap_t *p)
4198{
4199	snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
4200	    "Rfmon mode doesn't apply on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
4201	return (PCAP_ERROR);
4202}
4203
4204static int
4205pcap_read_dead(pcap_t *p, int cnt _U_, pcap_handler callback _U_,
4206    u_char *user _U_)
4207{
4208	snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
4209	    "Packets aren't available from a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
4210	return (-1);
4211}
4212
4213static void
4214pcap_breakloop_dead(pcap_t *p _U_)
4215{
4216	/*
4217	 * A "dead" pcap_t is just a placeholder to use in order to
4218	 * compile a filter to BPF code or to open a savefile for
4219	 * writing.  It doesn't support any operations, including
4220	 * capturing or reading packets, so there will never be a
4221	 * get-packets loop in progress to break out *of*.
4222	 *
4223	 * As such, this routine doesn't need to do anything.
4224	 */
4225}
4226
4227static int
4228pcap_inject_dead(pcap_t *p, const void *buf _U_, size_t size _U_)
4229{
4230	snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
4231	    "Packets can't be sent on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
4232	return (-1);
4233}
4234
4235static int
4236pcap_setfilter_dead(pcap_t *p, struct bpf_program *fp _U_)
4237{
4238	snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
4239	    "A filter cannot be set on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
4240	return (-1);
4241}
4242
4243static int
4244pcap_setdirection_dead(pcap_t *p, pcap_direction_t d _U_)
4245{
4246	snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
4247	    "The packet direction cannot be set on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
4248	return (-1);
4249}
4250
4251static int
4252pcap_set_datalink_dead(pcap_t *p, int dlt _U_)
4253{
4254	snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
4255	    "The link-layer header type cannot be set on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
4256	return (-1);
4257}
4258
4259static int
4260pcap_getnonblock_dead(pcap_t *p)
4261{
4262	snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
4263	    "A pcap_open_dead pcap_t does not have a non-blocking mode setting");
4264	return (-1);
4265}
4266
4267static int
4268pcap_setnonblock_dead(pcap_t *p, int nonblock _U_)
4269{
4270	snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
4271	    "A pcap_open_dead pcap_t does not have a non-blocking mode setting");
4272	return (-1);
4273}
4274
4275static int
4276pcap_stats_dead(pcap_t *p, struct pcap_stat *ps _U_)
4277{
4278	snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
4279	    "Statistics aren't available from a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
4280	return (-1);
4281}
4282
4283#ifdef _WIN32
4284static struct pcap_stat *
4285pcap_stats_ex_dead(pcap_t *p, int *pcap_stat_size _U_)
4286{
4287	snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
4288	    "Statistics aren't available from a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
4289	return (NULL);
4290}
4291
4292static int
4293pcap_setbuff_dead(pcap_t *p, int dim _U_)
4294{
4295	snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
4296	    "The kernel buffer size cannot be set on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
4297	return (-1);
4298}
4299
4300static int
4301pcap_setmode_dead(pcap_t *p, int mode _U_)
4302{
4303	snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
4304	    "impossible to set mode on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
4305	return (-1);
4306}
4307
4308static int
4309pcap_setmintocopy_dead(pcap_t *p, int size _U_)
4310{
4311	snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
4312	    "The mintocopy parameter cannot be set on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
4313	return (-1);
4314}
4315
4316static HANDLE
4317pcap_getevent_dead(pcap_t *p)
4318{
4319	snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
4320	    "A pcap_open_dead pcap_t has no event handle");
4321	return (INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE);
4322}
4323
4324static int
4325pcap_oid_get_request_dead(pcap_t *p, bpf_u_int32 oid _U_, void *data _U_,
4326    size_t *lenp _U_)
4327{
4328	snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
4329	    "An OID get request cannot be performed on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
4330	return (PCAP_ERROR);
4331}
4332
4333static int
4334pcap_oid_set_request_dead(pcap_t *p, bpf_u_int32 oid _U_, const void *data _U_,
4335    size_t *lenp _U_)
4336{
4337	snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
4338	    "An OID set request cannot be performed on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
4339	return (PCAP_ERROR);
4340}
4341
4342static u_int
4343pcap_sendqueue_transmit_dead(pcap_t *p, pcap_send_queue *queue _U_,
4344    int sync _U_)
4345{
4346	snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
4347	    "Packets cannot be transmitted on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
4348	return (0);
4349}
4350
4351static int
4352pcap_setuserbuffer_dead(pcap_t *p, int size _U_)
4353{
4354	snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
4355	    "The user buffer cannot be set on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
4356	return (-1);
4357}
4358
4359static int
4360pcap_live_dump_dead(pcap_t *p, char *filename _U_, int maxsize _U_,
4361    int maxpacks _U_)
4362{
4363	snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
4364	    "Live packet dumping cannot be performed on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
4365	return (-1);
4366}
4367
4368static int
4369pcap_live_dump_ended_dead(pcap_t *p, int sync _U_)
4370{
4371	snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
4372	    "Live packet dumping cannot be performed on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
4373	return (-1);
4374}
4375
4376static PAirpcapHandle
4377pcap_get_airpcap_handle_dead(pcap_t *p _U_)
4378{
4379	return (NULL);
4380}
4381#endif /* _WIN32 */
4382
4383static void
4384pcap_cleanup_dead(pcap_t *p _U_)
4385{
4386	/* Nothing to do. */
4387}
4388
4389pcap_t *
4390pcap_open_dead_with_tstamp_precision(int linktype, int snaplen, u_int precision)
4391{
4392	pcap_t *p;
4393
4394	switch (precision) {
4395
4396	case PCAP_TSTAMP_PRECISION_MICRO:
4397	case PCAP_TSTAMP_PRECISION_NANO:
4398		break;
4399
4400	default:
4401		/*
4402		 * This doesn't really matter, but we don't have any way
4403		 * to report particular errors, so the only failure we
4404		 * should have is a memory allocation failure.  Just
4405		 * pick microsecond precision.
4406		 */
4407		precision = PCAP_TSTAMP_PRECISION_MICRO;
4408		break;
4409	}
4410	p = malloc(sizeof(*p));
4411	if (p == NULL)
4412		return NULL;
4413	memset (p, 0, sizeof(*p));
4414	p->snapshot = snaplen;
4415	p->linktype = linktype;
4416	p->opt.tstamp_precision = precision;
4417	p->can_set_rfmon_op = pcap_can_set_rfmon_dead;
4418	p->read_op = pcap_read_dead;
4419	p->inject_op = pcap_inject_dead;
4420	p->setfilter_op = pcap_setfilter_dead;
4421	p->setdirection_op = pcap_setdirection_dead;
4422	p->set_datalink_op = pcap_set_datalink_dead;
4423	p->getnonblock_op = pcap_getnonblock_dead;
4424	p->setnonblock_op = pcap_setnonblock_dead;
4425	p->stats_op = pcap_stats_dead;
4426#ifdef _WIN32
4427	p->stats_ex_op = pcap_stats_ex_dead;
4428	p->setbuff_op = pcap_setbuff_dead;
4429	p->setmode_op = pcap_setmode_dead;
4430	p->setmintocopy_op = pcap_setmintocopy_dead;
4431	p->getevent_op = pcap_getevent_dead;
4432	p->oid_get_request_op = pcap_oid_get_request_dead;
4433	p->oid_set_request_op = pcap_oid_set_request_dead;
4434	p->sendqueue_transmit_op = pcap_sendqueue_transmit_dead;
4435	p->setuserbuffer_op = pcap_setuserbuffer_dead;
4436	p->live_dump_op = pcap_live_dump_dead;
4437	p->live_dump_ended_op = pcap_live_dump_ended_dead;
4438	p->get_airpcap_handle_op = pcap_get_airpcap_handle_dead;
4439#endif
4440	p->breakloop_op = pcap_breakloop_dead;
4441	p->cleanup_op = pcap_cleanup_dead;
4442
4443	/*
4444	 * A "dead" pcap_t never requires special BPF code generation.
4445	 */
4446	p->bpf_codegen_flags = 0;
4447
4448	p->activated = 1;
4449	return (p);
4450}
4451
4452pcap_t *
4453pcap_open_dead(int linktype, int snaplen)
4454{
4455	return (pcap_open_dead_with_tstamp_precision(linktype, snaplen,
4456	    PCAP_TSTAMP_PRECISION_MICRO));
4457}
4458
4459#ifdef YYDEBUG
4460/*
4461 * Set the internal "debug printout" flag for the filter expression parser.
4462 * The code to print that stuff is present only if YYDEBUG is defined, so
4463 * the flag, and the routine to set it, are defined only if YYDEBUG is
4464 * defined.
4465 *
4466 * This is intended for libpcap developers, not for general use.
4467 * If you want to set these in a program, you'll have to declare this
4468 * routine yourself, with the appropriate DLL import attribute on Windows;
4469 * it's not declared in any header file, and won't be declared in any
4470 * header file provided by libpcap.
4471 */
4472PCAP_API void pcap_set_parser_debug(int value);
4473
4474PCAP_API_DEF void
4475pcap_set_parser_debug(int value)
4476{
4477	pcap_debug = value;
4478}
4479#endif
4480