1/* $NetBSD: cp.c,v 1.58 2012/01/04 15:58:37 christos Exp $ */
2
3/*
4 * Copyright (c) 1988, 1993, 1994
5 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6 *
7 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8 * David Hitz of Auspex Systems Inc.
9 *
10 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12 * are met:
13 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
19 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
20 *    without specific prior written permission.
21 *
22 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
26 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32 * SUCH DAMAGE.
33 */
34
35#include <sys/cdefs.h>
36#ifndef lint
37__COPYRIGHT(
38"@(#) Copyright (c) 1988, 1993, 1994\
39 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.");
40#endif /* not lint */
41
42#ifndef lint
43#if 0
44static char sccsid[] = "@(#)cp.c	8.5 (Berkeley) 4/29/95";
45#else
46__RCSID("$NetBSD: cp.c,v 1.58 2012/01/04 15:58:37 christos Exp $");
47#endif
48#endif /* not lint */
49
50/*
51 * Cp copies source files to target files.
52 *
53 * The global PATH_T structure "to" always contains the path to the
54 * current target file.  Since fts(3) does not change directories,
55 * this path can be either absolute or dot-relative.
56 *
57 * The basic algorithm is to initialize "to" and use fts(3) to traverse
58 * the file hierarchy rooted in the argument list.  A trivial case is the
59 * case of 'cp file1 file2'.  The more interesting case is the case of
60 * 'cp file1 file2 ... fileN dir' where the hierarchy is traversed and the
61 * path (relative to the root of the traversal) is appended to dir (stored
62 * in "to") to form the final target path.
63 */
64
65#include <sys/param.h>
66#include <sys/stat.h>
67
68#include <assert.h>
69#include <err.h>
70#include <errno.h>
71#include <fts.h>
72#include <locale.h>
73#include <signal.h>
74#include <stdlib.h>
75#include <stdio.h>
76#include <string.h>
77#include <unistd.h>
78
79#include "extern.h"
80
81#define	STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(p) {					\
82        while ((p).p_end > (p).p_path + 1 && (p).p_end[-1] == '/')	\
83                *--(p).p_end = '\0';					\
84}
85
86static char empty[] = "";
87PATH_T to = { .p_end = to.p_path, .target_end = empty  };
88
89uid_t myuid;
90int Hflag, Lflag, Rflag, Pflag, fflag, iflag, lflag, pflag, rflag, vflag, Nflag;
91mode_t myumask;
92sig_atomic_t pinfo;
93
94enum op { FILE_TO_FILE, FILE_TO_DIR, DIR_TO_DNE };
95
96static int copy(char *[], enum op, int);
97
98static void
99progress(int sig __unused)
100{
101
102	pinfo++;
103}
104
105int
106main(int argc, char *argv[])
107{
108	struct stat to_stat, tmp_stat;
109	enum op type;
110	int ch, fts_options, r, have_trailing_slash;
111	char *target, **src;
112
113	setprogname(argv[0]);
114	(void)setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
115
116	Hflag = Lflag = Pflag = Rflag = 0;
117	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "HLNPRfailprv")) != -1)
118		switch (ch) {
119		case 'H':
120			Hflag = 1;
121			Lflag = Pflag = 0;
122			break;
123		case 'L':
124			Lflag = 1;
125			Hflag = Pflag = 0;
126			break;
127		case 'N':
128			Nflag = 1;
129			break;
130		case 'P':
131			Pflag = 1;
132			Hflag = Lflag = 0;
133			break;
134		case 'R':
135			Rflag = 1;
136			break;
137		case 'a':
138			Pflag = 1;
139			pflag = 1;
140			Rflag = 1;
141			Hflag = Lflag = 0;
142			break;
143		case 'f':
144			fflag = 1;
145			iflag = 0;
146			break;
147		case 'i':
148			iflag = isatty(fileno(stdin));
149			fflag = 0;
150			break;
151		case 'l':
152			lflag = 1;
153			break;
154		case 'p':
155			pflag = 1;
156			break;
157		case 'r':
158			rflag = 1;
159			break;
160		case 'v':
161			vflag = 1;
162			break;
163		case '?':
164		default:
165			usage();
166			/* NOTREACHED */
167		}
168	argc -= optind;
169	argv += optind;
170
171	if (argc < 2)
172		usage();
173
174	fts_options = FTS_NOCHDIR | FTS_PHYSICAL;
175	if (rflag) {
176		if (Rflag) {
177			errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
178		    "the -R and -r options may not be specified together.");
179			/* NOTREACHED */
180		}
181		if (Hflag || Lflag || Pflag) {
182			errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
183	"the -H, -L, and -P options may not be specified with the -r option.");
184			/* NOTREACHED */
185		}
186		fts_options &= ~FTS_PHYSICAL;
187		fts_options |= FTS_LOGICAL;
188	}
189
190	if (Rflag) {
191		if (Hflag)
192			fts_options |= FTS_COMFOLLOW;
193		if (Lflag) {
194			fts_options &= ~FTS_PHYSICAL;
195			fts_options |= FTS_LOGICAL;
196		}
197	} else if (!Pflag) {
198		fts_options &= ~FTS_PHYSICAL;
199		fts_options |= FTS_LOGICAL | FTS_COMFOLLOW;
200	}
201
202	myuid = getuid();
203
204	/* Copy the umask for explicit mode setting. */
205	myumask = umask(0);
206	(void)umask(myumask);
207
208	/* Save the target base in "to". */
209	target = argv[--argc];
210	if (strlcpy(to.p_path, target, sizeof(to.p_path)) >= sizeof(to.p_path))
211		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: name too long", target);
212	to.p_end = to.p_path + strlen(to.p_path);
213	have_trailing_slash = (to.p_end[-1] == '/');
214	if (have_trailing_slash)
215		STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(to);
216	to.target_end = to.p_end;
217
218	/* Set end of argument list for fts(3). */
219	argv[argc] = NULL;
220
221	(void)signal(SIGINFO, progress);
222
223	/*
224	 * Cp has two distinct cases:
225	 *
226	 * cp [-R] source target
227	 * cp [-R] source1 ... sourceN directory
228	 *
229	 * In both cases, source can be either a file or a directory.
230	 *
231	 * In (1), the target becomes a copy of the source. That is, if the
232	 * source is a file, the target will be a file, and likewise for
233	 * directories.
234	 *
235	 * In (2), the real target is not directory, but "directory/source".
236	 */
237	if (Pflag)
238		r = lstat(to.p_path, &to_stat);
239	else
240		r = stat(to.p_path, &to_stat);
241	if (r == -1 && errno != ENOENT) {
242		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", to.p_path);
243		/* NOTREACHED */
244	}
245	if (r == -1 || !S_ISDIR(to_stat.st_mode)) {
246		/*
247		 * Case (1).  Target is not a directory.
248		 */
249		if (argc > 1)
250			usage();
251		/*
252		 * Need to detect the case:
253		 *	cp -R dir foo
254		 * Where dir is a directory and foo does not exist, where
255		 * we want pathname concatenations turned on but not for
256		 * the initial mkdir().
257		 */
258		if (r == -1) {
259			if (rflag || (Rflag && (Lflag || Hflag)))
260				r = stat(*argv, &tmp_stat);
261			else
262				r = lstat(*argv, &tmp_stat);
263			if (r == -1) {
264				err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", *argv);
265				/* NOTREACHED */
266			}
267
268			if (S_ISDIR(tmp_stat.st_mode) && (Rflag || rflag))
269				type = DIR_TO_DNE;
270			else
271				type = FILE_TO_FILE;
272		} else
273			type = FILE_TO_FILE;
274
275		if (have_trailing_slash && type == FILE_TO_FILE) {
276			if (r == -1)
277				errx(1, "directory %s does not exist",
278				     to.p_path);
279			else
280				errx(1, "%s is not a directory", to.p_path);
281		}
282	} else {
283		/*
284		 * Case (2).  Target is a directory.
285		 */
286		type = FILE_TO_DIR;
287	}
288
289	/*
290	 * make "cp -rp src/ dst" behave like "cp -rp src dst" not
291	 * like "cp -rp src/. dst"
292	 */
293	for (src = argv; *src; src++) {
294		size_t len = strlen(*src);
295		while (len-- > 1 && (*src)[len] == '/')
296			(*src)[len] = '\0';
297	}
298
299	exit(copy(argv, type, fts_options));
300	/* NOTREACHED */
301}
302
303static int dnestack[MAXPATHLEN]; /* unlikely we'll have more nested dirs */
304static ssize_t dnesp;
305static void
306pushdne(int dne)
307{
308
309	dnestack[dnesp++] = dne;
310	assert(dnesp < MAXPATHLEN);
311}
312
313static int
314popdne(void)
315{
316	int rv;
317
318	rv = dnestack[--dnesp];
319	assert(dnesp >= 0);
320	return rv;
321}
322
323static int
324copy(char *argv[], enum op type, int fts_options)
325{
326	struct stat to_stat;
327	FTS *ftsp;
328	FTSENT *curr;
329	int base, dne, sval;
330	int this_failed, any_failed;
331	size_t nlen;
332	char *p, *target_mid;
333
334	base = 0;	/* XXX gcc -Wuninitialized (see comment below) */
335
336	if ((ftsp = fts_open(argv, fts_options, NULL)) == NULL)
337		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", argv[0]);
338		/* NOTREACHED */
339	for (any_failed = 0; (curr = fts_read(ftsp)) != NULL;) {
340		this_failed = 0;
341		switch (curr->fts_info) {
342		case FTS_NS:
343		case FTS_DNR:
344		case FTS_ERR:
345			warnx("%s: %s", curr->fts_path,
346					strerror(curr->fts_errno));
347			this_failed = any_failed = 1;
348			continue;
349		case FTS_DC:			/* Warn, continue. */
350			warnx("%s: directory causes a cycle", curr->fts_path);
351			this_failed = any_failed = 1;
352			continue;
353		}
354
355		/*
356		 * If we are in case (2) or (3) above, we need to append the
357                 * source name to the target name.
358                 */
359		if (type != FILE_TO_FILE) {
360			if ((curr->fts_namelen +
361			    to.target_end - to.p_path + 1) > MAXPATHLEN) {
362				warnx("%s/%s: name too long (not copied)",
363						to.p_path, curr->fts_name);
364				this_failed = any_failed = 1;
365				continue;
366			}
367
368			/*
369			 * Need to remember the roots of traversals to create
370			 * correct pathnames.  If there's a directory being
371			 * copied to a non-existent directory, e.g.
372			 *	cp -R a/dir noexist
373			 * the resulting path name should be noexist/foo, not
374			 * noexist/dir/foo (where foo is a file in dir), which
375			 * is the case where the target exists.
376			 *
377			 * Also, check for "..".  This is for correct path
378			 * concatentation for paths ending in "..", e.g.
379			 *	cp -R .. /tmp
380			 * Paths ending in ".." are changed to ".".  This is
381			 * tricky, but seems the easiest way to fix the problem.
382			 *
383			 * XXX
384			 * Since the first level MUST be FTS_ROOTLEVEL, base
385			 * is always initialized.
386			 */
387			if (curr->fts_level == FTS_ROOTLEVEL) {
388				if (type != DIR_TO_DNE) {
389					p = strrchr(curr->fts_path, '/');
390					base = (p == NULL) ? 0 :
391					    (int)(p - curr->fts_path + 1);
392
393					if (!strcmp(&curr->fts_path[base],
394					    ".."))
395						base += 1;
396				} else
397					base = curr->fts_pathlen;
398			}
399
400			p = &curr->fts_path[base];
401			nlen = curr->fts_pathlen - base;
402			target_mid = to.target_end;
403			if (*p != '/' && target_mid[-1] != '/')
404				*target_mid++ = '/';
405			*target_mid = 0;
406
407			if (target_mid - to.p_path + nlen >= PATH_MAX) {
408				warnx("%s%s: name too long (not copied)",
409				    to.p_path, p);
410				this_failed = any_failed = 1;
411				continue;
412			}
413			(void)strncat(target_mid, p, nlen);
414			to.p_end = target_mid + nlen;
415			*to.p_end = 0;
416			STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(to);
417		}
418
419		sval = Pflag ? lstat(to.p_path, &to_stat) : stat(to.p_path, &to_stat);
420		/* Not an error but need to remember it happened */
421		if (sval == -1)
422			dne = 1;
423		else {
424			if (to_stat.st_dev == curr->fts_statp->st_dev &&
425			    to_stat.st_ino == curr->fts_statp->st_ino) {
426				warnx("%s and %s are identical (not copied).",
427				    to.p_path, curr->fts_path);
428				this_failed = any_failed = 1;
429				if (S_ISDIR(curr->fts_statp->st_mode))
430					(void)fts_set(ftsp, curr, FTS_SKIP);
431				continue;
432			}
433			if (!S_ISDIR(curr->fts_statp->st_mode) &&
434			    S_ISDIR(to_stat.st_mode)) {
435		warnx("cannot overwrite directory %s with non-directory %s",
436				    to.p_path, curr->fts_path);
437				this_failed = any_failed = 1;
438				continue;
439			}
440			dne = 0;
441		}
442
443		switch (curr->fts_statp->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
444		case S_IFLNK:
445			/* Catch special case of a non dangling symlink */
446			if((fts_options & FTS_LOGICAL) ||
447			   ((fts_options & FTS_COMFOLLOW) && curr->fts_level == 0)) {
448				if (copy_file(curr, dne))
449					this_failed = any_failed = 1;
450			} else {
451				if (copy_link(curr, !dne))
452					this_failed = any_failed = 1;
453			}
454			break;
455		case S_IFDIR:
456			if (!Rflag && !rflag) {
457				if (curr->fts_info == FTS_D)
458					warnx("%s is a directory (not copied).",
459					    curr->fts_path);
460				(void)fts_set(ftsp, curr, FTS_SKIP);
461				this_failed = any_failed = 1;
462				break;
463			}
464
465                        /*
466                         * Directories get noticed twice:
467                         *  In the first pass, create it if needed.
468                         *  In the second pass, after the children have been copied, set the permissions.
469                         */
470			if (curr->fts_info == FTS_D) /* First pass */
471			{
472				/*
473				 * If the directory doesn't exist, create the new
474				 * one with the from file mode plus owner RWX bits,
475				 * modified by the umask.  Trade-off between being
476				 * able to write the directory (if from directory is
477				 * 555) and not causing a permissions race.  If the
478				 * umask blocks owner writes, we fail..
479				 */
480				pushdne(dne);
481				if (dne) {
482					if (mkdir(to.p_path,
483					    curr->fts_statp->st_mode | S_IRWXU) < 0)
484						err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s",
485						    to.p_path);
486						/* NOTREACHED */
487				} else if (!S_ISDIR(to_stat.st_mode)) {
488					errno = ENOTDIR;
489					err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s",
490						to.p_path);
491					/* NOTREACHED */
492				}
493			}
494			else if (curr->fts_info == FTS_DP) /* Second pass */
495			{
496	                        /*
497				 * If not -p and directory didn't exist, set it to be
498				 * the same as the from directory, umodified by the
499                        	 * umask; arguably wrong, but it's been that way
500                        	 * forever.
501				 */
502				if (pflag && setfile(curr->fts_statp, 0))
503					this_failed = any_failed = 1;
504				else if ((dne = popdne()))
505					(void)chmod(to.p_path,
506					    curr->fts_statp->st_mode);
507			}
508			else
509			{
510				warnx("directory %s encountered when not expected.",
511				    curr->fts_path);
512				this_failed = any_failed = 1;
513				break;
514			}
515
516			break;
517		case S_IFBLK:
518		case S_IFCHR:
519			if (Rflag) {
520				if (copy_special(curr->fts_statp, !dne))
521					this_failed = any_failed = 1;
522			} else
523				if (copy_file(curr, dne))
524					this_failed = any_failed = 1;
525			break;
526		case S_IFIFO:
527			if (Rflag) {
528				if (copy_fifo(curr->fts_statp, !dne))
529					this_failed = any_failed = 1;
530			} else
531				if (copy_file(curr, dne))
532					this_failed = any_failed = 1;
533			break;
534		default:
535			if (copy_file(curr, dne))
536				this_failed = any_failed = 1;
537			break;
538		}
539		if (vflag && !this_failed)
540			(void)printf("%s -> %s\n", curr->fts_path, to.p_path);
541	}
542	if (errno) {
543		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "fts_read");
544		/* NOTREACHED */
545	}
546	(void)fts_close(ftsp);
547	return (any_failed);
548}
549