1*various.txt* For Vim version 7.3. Last change: 2010 Aug 10 2 3 4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar 5 6 7Various commands *various* 8 91. Various commands |various-cmds| 102. Using Vim like less or more |less| 11 12============================================================================== 131. Various commands *various-cmds* 14 15 *CTRL-L* 16CTRL-L Clear and redraw the screen. The redraw may happen 17 later, after processing typeahead. 18 19 *:redr* *:redraw* 20:redr[aw][!] Redraw the screen right now. When ! is included it is 21 cleared first. 22 Useful to update the screen halfway executing a script 23 or function. Also when halfway a mapping and 24 'lazyredraw' is set. 25 26 *:redraws* *:redrawstatus* 27:redraws[tatus][!] Redraw the status line of the current window. When ! 28 is included all status lines are redrawn. 29 Useful to update the status line(s) when 'statusline' 30 includes an item that doesn't cause automatic 31 updating. 32 33 *N<Del>* 34<Del> When entering a number: Remove the last digit. 35 Note: if you like to use <BS> for this, add this 36 mapping to your .vimrc: > 37 :map CTRL-V <BS> CTRL-V <Del> 38< See |:fixdel| if your <Del> key does not do what you 39 want. 40 41:as[cii] or *ga* *:as* *:ascii* 42ga Print the ascii value of the character under the 43 cursor in decimal, hexadecimal and octal. For 44 example, when the cursor is on a 'R': 45 <R> 82, Hex 52, Octal 122 ~ 46 When the character is a non-standard ASCII character, 47 but printable according to the 'isprint' option, the 48 non-printable version is also given. When the 49 character is larger than 127, the <M-x> form is also 50 printed. For example: 51 <~A> <M-^A> 129, Hex 81, Octal 201 ~ 52 <p> <|~> <M-~> 254, Hex fe, Octal 376 ~ 53 (where <p> is a special character) 54 The <Nul> character in a file is stored internally as 55 <NL>, but it will be shown as: 56 <^@> 0, Hex 00, Octal 000 ~ 57 If the character has composing characters these are 58 also shown. The value of 'maxcombine' doesn't matter. 59 Mnemonic: Get Ascii value. {not in Vi} 60 61 *g8* 62g8 Print the hex values of the bytes used in the 63 character under the cursor, assuming it is in |UTF-8| 64 encoding. This also shows composing characters. The 65 value of 'maxcombine' doesn't matter. 66 Example of a character with two composing characters: 67 e0 b8 81 + e0 b8 b9 + e0 b9 89 ~ 68 {not in Vi} {only when compiled with the |+multi_byte| 69 feature} 70 71 *8g8* 728g8 Find an illegal UTF-8 byte sequence at or after the 73 cursor. This works in two situations: 74 1. when 'encoding' is any 8-bit encoding 75 2. when 'encoding' is "utf-8" and 'fileencoding' is 76 any 8-bit encoding 77 Thus it can be used when editing a file that was 78 supposed to be UTF-8 but was read as if it is an 8-bit 79 encoding because it contains illegal bytes. 80 Does not wrap around the end of the file. 81 Note that when the cursor is on an illegal byte or the 82 cursor is halfway a multi-byte character the command 83 won't move the cursor. 84 {not in Vi} {only when compiled with the |+multi_byte| 85 feature} 86 87 *:p* *:pr* *:print* *E749* 88:[range]p[rint] [flags] 89 Print [range] lines (default current line). 90 Note: If you are looking for a way to print your text 91 on paper see |:hardcopy|. In the GUI you can use the 92 File.Print menu entry. 93 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. 94 95:[range]p[rint] {count} [flags] 96 Print {count} lines, starting with [range] (default 97 current line |cmdline-ranges|). 98 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. 99 100 *:P* *:Print* 101:[range]P[rint] [count] [flags] 102 Just as ":print". Was apparently added to Vi for 103 people that keep the shift key pressed too long... 104 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. 105 106 *:l* *:list* 107:[range]l[ist] [count] [flags] 108 Same as :print, but display unprintable characters 109 with '^' and put $ after the line. This can be 110 changed with the 'listchars' option. 111 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. 112 113 *:nu* *:number* 114:[range]nu[mber] [count] [flags] 115 Same as :print, but precede each line with its line 116 number. (See also 'highlight' and 'numberwidth' 117 option). 118 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. 119 120 *:#* 121:[range]# [count] [flags] 122 synonym for :number. 123 124 *:#!* 125:#!{anything} Ignored, so that you can start a Vim script with: > 126 #!vim -S 127 echo "this is a Vim script" 128 quit 129< 130 *:z* *E144* 131:{range}z[+-^.=]{count} Display several lines of text surrounding the line 132 specified with {range}, or around the current line 133 if there is no {range}. If there is a {count}, that's 134 how many lines you'll see; if there is only one window 135 then the 'window' option is used, otherwise the 136 current window size is used. 137 138 :z can be used either alone or followed by any of 139 several punctuation marks. These have the following 140 effect: 141 142 mark first line last line new location ~ 143 ---- ---------- --------- ------------ 144 + current line 1 scr forward 1 scr forward 145 - 1 scr back current line current line 146 ^ 2 scr back 1 scr back 1 scr back 147 . 1/2 scr back 1/2 scr fwd 1/2 scr fwd 148 = 1/2 scr back 1/2 scr fwd current line 149 150 Specifying no mark at all is the same as "+". 151 If the mark is "=", a line of dashes is printed 152 around the current line. 153 154:{range}z#[+-^.=]{count} *:z#* 155 Like ":z", but number the lines. 156 {not in all versions of Vi, not with these arguments} 157 158 *:=* 159:= [flags] Print the last line number. 160 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. 161 162:{range}= [flags] Prints the last line number in {range}. For example, 163 this prints the current line number: > 164 :.= 165< See |ex-flags| for [flags]. 166 167:norm[al][!] {commands} *:norm* *:normal* 168 Execute Normal mode commands {commands}. This makes 169 it possible to execute Normal mode commands typed on 170 the command-line. {commands} is executed like it is 171 typed. For undo all commands are undone together. 172 Execution stops when an error is encountered. 173 If the [!] is given, mappings will not be used. 174 {commands} should be a complete command. If 175 {commands} does not finish a command, the last one 176 will be aborted as if <Esc> or <C-C> was typed. 177 The display isn't updated while ":normal" is busy. 178 This implies that an insert command must be completed 179 (to start Insert mode, see |:startinsert|). A ":" 180 command must be completed as well. And you can't use 181 "Q" or "gQ" to start Ex mode. 182 {commands} cannot start with a space. Put a count of 183 1 (one) before it, "1 " is one space. 184 The 'insertmode' option is ignored for {commands}. 185 This command cannot be followed by another command, 186 since any '|' is considered part of the command. 187 This command can be used recursively, but the depth is 188 limited by 'maxmapdepth'. 189 When this command is called from a non-remappable 190 mapping |:noremap|, the argument can be mapped anyway. 191 An alternative is to use |:execute|, which uses an 192 expression as argument. This allows the use of 193 printable characters to represent special characters. 194 Example: > 195 :exe "normal \<c-w>\<c-w>" 196< {not in Vi, of course} 197 {not available when the |+ex_extra| feature was 198 disabled at compile time} 199 200:{range}norm[al][!] {commands} *:normal-range* 201 Execute Normal mode commands {commands} for each line 202 in the {range}. Before executing the {commands}, the 203 cursor is positioned in the first column of the range, 204 for each line. Otherwise it's the same as the 205 ":normal" command without a range. 206 {not in Vi} 207 {not available when |+ex_extra| feature was disabled 208 at compile time} 209 210 *:sh* *:shell* *E371* 211:sh[ell] This command starts a shell. When the shell exits 212 (after the "exit" command) you return to Vim. The 213 name for the shell command comes from 'shell' option. 214 *E360* 215 Note: This doesn't work when Vim on the Amiga was 216 started in QuickFix mode from a compiler, because the 217 compiler will have set stdin to a non-interactive 218 mode. 219 220 *:!cmd* *:!* *E34* 221:!{cmd} Execute {cmd} with the shell. See also the 'shell' 222 and 'shelltype' option. 223 Any '!' in {cmd} is replaced with the previous 224 external command (see also 'cpoptions'). But not when 225 there is a backslash before the '!', then that 226 backslash is removed. Example: ":!ls" followed by 227 ":!echo ! \! \\!" executes "echo ls ! \!". 228 After the command has been executed, the timestamp of 229 the current file is checked |timestamp|. 230 A '|' in {cmd} is passed to the shell, you cannot use 231 it to append a Vim command. See |:bar|. 232 A newline character ends {cmd}, what follows is 233 interpreted as a following ":" command. However, if 234 there is a backslash before the newline it is removed 235 and {cmd} continues. It doesn't matter how many 236 backslashes are before the newline, only one is 237 removed. 238 On Unix the command normally runs in a non-interactive 239 shell. If you want an interactive shell to be used 240 (to use aliases) set 'shellcmdflag' to "-ic". 241 For Win32 also see |:!start|. 242 Vim redraws the screen after the command is finished, 243 because it may have printed any text. This requires a 244 hit-enter prompt, so that you can read any messages. 245 To avoid this use: > 246 :silent !{cmd} 247< The screen is not redrawn then, thus you have to use 248 CTRL-L or ":redraw!" if the command did display 249 something. 250 Also see |shell-window|. 251 252 *:!!* 253:!! Repeat last ":!{cmd}". 254 255 *:ve* *:version* 256:ve[rsion] Print the version number of the editor. If the 257 compiler used understands "__DATE__" the compilation 258 date is mentioned. Otherwise a fixed release-date is 259 shown. 260 The following lines contain information about which 261 features were enabled when Vim was compiled. When 262 there is a preceding '+', the feature is included, 263 when there is a '-' it is excluded. To change this, 264 you have to edit feature.h and recompile Vim. 265 To check for this in an expression, see |has()|. 266 Here is an overview of the features. 267 The first column shows the smallest version in which 268 they are included: 269 T tiny 270 S small 271 N normal 272 B big 273 H huge 274 m manually enabled or depends on other features 275 (none) system dependent 276 Thus if a feature is marked with "N", it is included 277 in the normal, big and huge versions of Vim. 278 279 *+feature-list* 280 *+ARP* Amiga only: ARP support included 281B *+arabic* |Arabic| language support 282N *+autocmd* |:autocmd|, automatic commands 283m *+balloon_eval* |balloon-eval| support. Included when compiling with 284 supported GUI (Motif, GTK, GUI) and either 285 Netbeans/Sun Workshop integration or |+eval| feature. 286N *+browse* |:browse| command 287N *+builtin_terms* some terminals builtin |builtin-terms| 288B *++builtin_terms* maximal terminals builtin |builtin-terms| 289N *+byte_offset* support for 'o' flag in 'statusline' option, "go" 290 and ":goto" commands. 291N *+cindent* |'cindent'|, C indenting 292N *+clientserver* Unix and Win32: Remote invocation |clientserver| 293 *+clipboard* |clipboard| support 294N *+cmdline_compl* command line completion |cmdline-completion| 295N *+cmdline_hist* command line history |cmdline-history| 296N *+cmdline_info* |'showcmd'| and |'ruler'| 297N *+comments* |'comments'| support 298B *+conceal* "conceal" support, see |conceal| |:syn-conceal| etc. 299N *+cryptv* encryption support |encryption| 300B *+cscope* |cscope| support 301m *+cursorbind* |'cursorbind'| support 302m *+cursorshape* |termcap-cursor-shape| support 303m *+debug* Compiled for debugging. 304N *+dialog_gui* Support for |:confirm| with GUI dialog. 305N *+dialog_con* Support for |:confirm| with console dialog. 306N *+dialog_con_gui* Support for |:confirm| with GUI and console dialog. 307N *+diff* |vimdiff| and 'diff' 308N *+digraphs* |digraphs| *E196* 309 *+dnd* Support for DnD into the "~ register |quote_~|. 310B *+emacs_tags* |emacs-tags| files 311N *+eval* expression evaluation |eval.txt| 312N *+ex_extra* Vim's extra Ex commands: |:center|, |:left|, 313 |:normal|, |:retab| and |:right| 314N *+extra_search* |'hlsearch'| and |'incsearch'| options. 315B *+farsi* |farsi| language 316N *+file_in_path* |gf|, |CTRL-W_f| and |<cfile>| 317N *+find_in_path* include file searches: |[I|, |:isearch|, 318 |CTRL-W_CTRL-I|, |:checkpath|, etc. 319N *+folding* |folding| 320 *+footer* |gui-footer| 321 *+fork* Unix only: |fork| shell commands 322 *+float* Floating point support 323N *+gettext* message translations |multi-lang| 324 *+GUI_Athena* Unix only: Athena |GUI| 325 *+GUI_neXtaw* Unix only: neXtaw |GUI| 326 *+GUI_GTK* Unix only: GTK+ |GUI| 327 *+GUI_Motif* Unix only: Motif |GUI| 328 *+GUI_Photon* QNX only: Photon |GUI| 329m *+hangul_input* Hangul input support |hangul| 330 *+iconv* Compiled with the |iconv()| function 331 *+iconv/dyn* Likewise |iconv-dynamic| |/dyn| 332N *+insert_expand* |insert_expand| Insert mode completion 333N *+jumplist* |jumplist| 334B *+keymap* |'keymap'| 335B *+langmap* |'langmap'| 336N *+libcall* |libcall()| 337N *+linebreak* |'linebreak'|, |'breakat'| and |'showbreak'| 338N *+lispindent* |'lisp'| 339N *+listcmds* Vim commands for the list of buffers |buffer-hidden| 340 and argument list |:argdelete| 341N *+localmap* Support for mappings local to a buffer |:map-local| 342m *+lua* |Lua| interface 343m *+lua/dyn* |Lua| interface |/dyn| 344N *+menu* |:menu| 345N *+mksession* |:mksession| 346N *+modify_fname* |filename-modifiers| 347N *+mouse* Mouse handling |mouse-using| 348N *+mouseshape* |'mouseshape'| 349B *+mouse_dec* Unix only: Dec terminal mouse handling |dec-mouse| 350N *+mouse_gpm* Unix only: Linux console mouse handling |gpm-mouse| 351B *+mouse_netterm* Unix only: netterm mouse handling |netterm-mouse| 352N *+mouse_pterm* QNX only: pterm mouse handling |qnx-terminal| 353N *+mouse_sysmouse* Unix only: *BSD console mouse handling |sysmouse| 354N *+mouse_xterm* Unix only: xterm mouse handling |xterm-mouse| 355B *+multi_byte* 16 and 32 bit characters |multibyte| 356 *+multi_byte_ime* Win32 input method for multibyte chars |multibyte-ime| 357N *+multi_lang* non-English language support |multi-lang| 358m *+mzscheme* Mzscheme interface |mzscheme| 359m *+mzscheme/dyn* Mzscheme interface |mzscheme-dynamic| |/dyn| 360m *+netbeans_intg* |netbeans| 361m *+ole* Win32 GUI only: |ole-interface| 362 *+osfiletype* Support for the 'osfiletype' option and filetype 363 checking in automatic commands. |autocmd-osfiletypes| 364N *+path_extra* Up/downwards search in 'path' and 'tags' 365m *+perl* Perl interface |perl| 366m *+perl/dyn* Perl interface |perl-dynamic| |/dyn| 367N *+persistent_undo* Persistent undo |undo-persistence| 368 *+postscript* |:hardcopy| writes a PostScript file 369N *+printer* |:hardcopy| command 370H *+profile* |:profile| command 371m *+python* Python 2 interface |python| 372m *+python/dyn* Python 2 interface |python-dynamic| |/dyn| 373m *+python3* Python 3 interface |python| 374m *+python3/dyn* Python 3 interface |python-dynamic| |/dyn| 375N *+quickfix* |:make| and |quickfix| commands 376N *+reltime* |reltime()| function, 'hlsearch'/'incsearch' timeout, 377 'redrawtime' option 378B *+rightleft* Right to left typing |'rightleft'| 379m *+ruby* Ruby interface |ruby| 380m *+ruby/dyn* Ruby interface |ruby-dynamic| |/dyn| 381N *+scrollbind* |'scrollbind'| 382B *+signs* |:sign| 383N *+smartindent* |'smartindent'| 384m *+sniff* SniFF interface |sniff| 385N *+startuptime* |--startuptime| argument 386N *+statusline* Options 'statusline', 'rulerformat' and special 387 formats of 'titlestring' and 'iconstring' 388m *+sun_workshop* |workshop| 389N *+syntax* Syntax highlighting |syntax| 390 *+system()* Unix only: opposite of |+fork| 391N *+tag_binary* binary searching in tags file |tag-binary-search| 392N *+tag_old_static* old method for static tags |tag-old-static| 393m *+tag_any_white* any white space allowed in tags file |tag-any-white| 394m *+tcl* Tcl interface |tcl| 395m *+tcl/dyn* Tcl interface |tcl-dynamic| |/dyn| 396 *+terminfo* uses |terminfo| instead of termcap 397N *+termresponse* support for |t_RV| and |v:termresponse| 398N *+textobjects* |text-objects| selection 399 *+tgetent* non-Unix only: able to use external termcap 400N *+title* Setting the window 'title' and 'icon' 401N *+toolbar* |gui-toolbar| 402N *+user_commands* User-defined commands. |user-commands| 403N *+viminfo* |'viminfo'| 404N *+vertsplit* Vertically split windows |:vsplit| 405N *+virtualedit* |'virtualedit'| 406S *+visual* Visual mode |Visual-mode| 407N *+visualextra* extra Visual mode commands |blockwise-operators| 408N *+vreplace* |gR| and |gr| 409N *+wildignore* |'wildignore'| 410N *+wildmenu* |'wildmenu'| 411S *+windows* more than one window 412m *+writebackup* |'writebackup'| is default on 413m *+xim* X input method |xim| 414 *+xfontset* X fontset support |xfontset| 415 *+xsmp* XSMP (X session management) support 416 *+xsmp_interact* interactive XSMP (X session management) support 417N *+xterm_clipboard* Unix only: xterm clipboard handling 418m *+xterm_save* save and restore xterm screen |xterm-screens| 419N *+X11* Unix only: can restore window title |X11| 420 421 */dyn* *E370* *E448* 422 To some of the features "/dyn" is added when the 423 feature is only available when the related library can 424 be dynamically loaded. 425 426:ve[rsion] {nr} Is now ignored. This was previously used to check the 427 version number of a .vimrc file. It was removed, 428 because you can now use the ":if" command for 429 version-dependent behavior. {not in Vi} 430 431 *:redi* *:redir* 432:redi[r][!] > {file} Redirect messages to file {file}. The messages which 433 are the output of commands are written to that file, 434 until redirection ends. The messages are also still 435 shown on the screen. When [!] is included, an 436 existing file is overwritten. When [!] is omitted, 437 and {file} exists, this command fails. 438 Only one ":redir" can be active at a time. Calls to 439 ":redir" will close any active redirection before 440 starting redirection to the new target. 441 To stop the messages and commands from being echoed to 442 the screen, put the commands in a function and call it 443 with ":silent call Function()". 444 An alternative is to use the 'verbosefile' option, 445 this can be used in combination with ":redir". 446 {not in Vi} 447 448:redi[r] >> {file} Redirect messages to file {file}. Append if {file} 449 already exists. {not in Vi} 450 451:redi[r] @{a-zA-Z} 452:redi[r] @{a-zA-Z}> Redirect messages to register {a-z}. Append to the 453 contents of the register if its name is given 454 uppercase {A-Z}. The ">" after the register name is 455 optional. {not in Vi} 456:redi[r] @{a-z}>> Append messages to register {a-z}. {not in Vi} 457 458:redi[r] @*> 459:redi[r] @+> Redirect messages to the selection or clipboard. For 460 backward compatibility, the ">" after the register 461 name can be omitted. See |quotestar| and |quoteplus|. 462 {not in Vi} 463:redi[r] @*>> 464:redi[r] @+>> Append messages to the selection or clipboard. 465 {not in Vi} 466 467:redi[r] @"> Redirect messages to the unnamed register. For 468 backward compatibility, the ">" after the register 469 name can be omitted. {not in Vi} 470:redi[r] @">> Append messages to the unnamed register. {not in Vi} 471 472:redi[r] => {var} Redirect messages to a variable. If the variable 473 doesn't exist, then it is created. If the variable 474 exists, then it is initialized to an empty string. 475 The variable will remain empty until redirection ends. 476 Only string variables can be used. After the 477 redirection starts, if the variable is removed or 478 locked or the variable type is changed, then further 479 command output messages will cause errors. {not in Vi} 480 481:redi[r] =>> {var} Append messages to an existing variable. Only string 482 variables can be used. {not in Vi} 483 484:redi[r] END End redirecting messages. {not in Vi} 485 486 *:sil* *:silent* 487:sil[ent][!] {command} Execute {command} silently. Normal messages will not 488 be given or added to the message history. 489 When [!] is added, error messages will also be 490 skipped, and commands and mappings will not be aborted 491 when an error is detected. |v:errmsg| is still set. 492 When [!] is not used, an error message will cause 493 further messages to be displayed normally. 494 Redirection, started with |:redir|, will continue as 495 usual, although there might be small differences. 496 This will allow redirecting the output of a command 497 without seeing it on the screen. Example: > 498 :redir >/tmp/foobar 499 :silent g/Aap/p 500 :redir END 501< To execute a Normal mode command silently, use the 502 |:normal| command. For example, to search for a 503 string without messages: > 504 :silent exe "normal /path\<CR>" 505< ":silent!" is useful to execute a command that may 506 fail, but the failure is to be ignored. Example: > 507 :let v:errmsg = "" 508 :silent! /^begin 509 :if v:errmsg != "" 510 : ... pattern was not found 511< ":silent" will also avoid the hit-enter prompt. When 512 using this for an external command, this may cause the 513 screen to be messed up. Use |CTRL-L| to clean it up 514 then. 515 ":silent menu ..." defines a menu that will not echo a 516 Command-line command. The command will still produce 517 messages though. Use ":silent" in the command itself 518 to avoid that: ":silent menu .... :silent command". 519 520 *:uns* *:unsilent* 521:uns[ilent] {command} Execute {command} not silently. Only makes a 522 difference when |:silent| was used to get to this 523 command. 524 Use this for giving a message even when |:silent| was 525 used. In this example |:silent| is used to avoid the 526 message about reading the file and |:unsilent| to be 527 able to list the first line of each file. > 528 :silent argdo unsilent echo expand('%') . ": " . getline(1) 529< 530 531 *:verb* *:verbose* 532:[count]verb[ose] {command} 533 Execute {command} with 'verbose' set to [count]. If 534 [count] is omitted one is used. ":0verbose" can be 535 used to set 'verbose' to zero. 536 The additional use of ":silent" makes messages 537 generated but not displayed. 538 The combination of ":silent" and ":verbose" can be 539 used to generate messages and check them with 540 |v:statusmsg| and friends. For example: > 541 :let v:statusmsg = "" 542 :silent verbose runtime foobar.vim 543 :if v:statusmsg != "" 544 : " foobar.vim could not be found 545 :endif 546< When concatenating another command, the ":verbose" 547 only applies to the first one: > 548 :4verbose set verbose | set verbose 549< verbose=4 ~ 550 verbose=0 ~ 551 For logging verbose messages in a file use the 552 'verbosefile' option. 553 554 *:verbose-cmd* 555When 'verbose' is non-zero, listing the value of a Vim option or a key map or 556an abbreviation or a user-defined function or a command or a highlight group 557or an autocommand will also display where it was last defined. If it was 558defined manually then there will be no "Last set" message. When it was 559defined while executing a function, user command or autocommand, the script in 560which it was defined is reported. 561{not available when compiled without the |+eval| feature} 562 563 *K* 564K Run a program to lookup the keyword under the 565 cursor. The name of the program is given with the 566 'keywordprg' (kp) option (default is "man"). The 567 keyword is formed of letters, numbers and the 568 characters in 'iskeyword'. The keyword under or 569 right of the cursor is used. The same can be done 570 with the command > 571 :!{program} {keyword} 572< There is an example of a program to use in the tools 573 directory of Vim. It is called 'ref' and does a 574 simple spelling check. 575 Special cases: 576 - If 'keywordprg' is empty, the ":help" command is 577 used. It's a good idea to include more characters 578 in 'iskeyword' then, to be able to find more help. 579 - When 'keywordprg' is equal to "man", a count before 580 "K" is inserted after the "man" command and before 581 the keyword. For example, using "2K" while the 582 cursor is on "mkdir", results in: > 583 !man 2 mkdir 584< - When 'keywordprg' is equal to "man -s", a count 585 before "K" is inserted after the "-s". If there is 586 no count, the "-s" is removed. 587 {not in Vi} 588 589 *v_K* 590{Visual}K Like "K", but use the visually highlighted text for 591 the keyword. Only works when the highlighted text is 592 not more than one line. {not in Vi} 593 594[N]gs *gs* *:sl* *:sleep* 595:[N]sl[eep] [N] [m] Do nothing for [N] seconds. When [m] is included, 596 sleep for [N] milliseconds. The count for "gs" always 597 uses seconds. The default is one second. > 598 :sleep "sleep for one second 599 :5sleep "sleep for five seconds 600 :sleep 100m "sleep for a hundred milliseconds 601 10gs "sleep for ten seconds 602< Can be interrupted with CTRL-C (CTRL-Break on MS-DOS). 603 "gs" stands for "goto sleep". 604 While sleeping the cursor is positioned in the text, 605 if at a visible position. {not in Vi} 606 607 *g_CTRL-A* 608g CTRL-A Only when Vim was compiled with MEM_PROFILING defined 609 (which is very rare): print memory usage statistics. 610 Only useful for debugging Vim. 611 612============================================================================== 6133. Using Vim like less or more *less* 614 615If you use the less or more program to view a file, you don't get syntax 616highlighting. Thus you would like to use Vim instead. You can do this by 617using the shell script "$VIMRUNTIME/macros/less.sh". 618 619This shell script uses the Vim script "$VIMRUNTIME/macros/less.vim". It sets 620up mappings to simulate the commands that less supports. Otherwise, you can 621still use the Vim commands. 622 623This isn't perfect. For example, when viewing a short file Vim will still use 624the whole screen. But it works good enough for most uses, and you get syntax 625highlighting. 626 627The "h" key will give you a short overview of the available commands. 628 629 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl: 630