1/*
2 * Copyright (c) 2000 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.
3 *
4 * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
5 *
6 * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
7 * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
8 * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
9 * compliance with the License. The rights granted to you under the License
10 * may not be used to create, or enable the creation or redistribution of,
11 * unlawful or unlicensed copies of an Apple operating system, or to
12 * circumvent, violate, or enable the circumvention or violation of, any
13 * terms of an Apple operating system software license agreement.
14 *
15 * Please obtain a copy of the License at
16 * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file.
17 *
18 * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
19 * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
20 * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
21 * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
22 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
23 * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
24 * limitations under the License.
25 *
26 * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
27 */
28#ifndef _MACHO_LOADER_H_
29#define _MACHO_LOADER_H_
30
31/*
32 * This file describes the format of mach object files.
33 *
34 * NOTE:	This header is used for manipulationg 32 bit mach object
35 *		withing a 32 bit mach_kernel for the purpose of dealing
36 *		with linking loadable kernel modules.
37 */
38
39/*
40 * <mach/machine.h> is needed here for the cpu_type_t and cpu_subtype_t types
41 * and contains the constants for the possible values of these types.
42 */
43#include <mach/machine.h>
44
45/*
46 * <mach/vm_prot.h> is needed here for the vm_prot_t type and contains the
47 * constants that are or'ed together for the possible values of this type.
48 */
49#include <mach/vm_prot.h>
50
51/*
52 * <machine/thread_status.h> is expected to define the flavors of the thread
53 * states and the structures of those flavors for each machine.
54 */
55#include <mach/machine/thread_status.h>
56
57/*
58 * The mach header appears at the very beginning of the object file.
59 */
60struct mach_header {
61	unsigned long	magic;		/* mach magic number identifier */
62	cpu_type_t	cputype;	/* cpu specifier */
63	cpu_subtype_t	cpusubtype;	/* machine specifier */
64	unsigned long	filetype;	/* type of file */
65	unsigned long	ncmds;		/* number of load commands */
66	unsigned long	sizeofcmds;	/* the size of all the load commands */
67	unsigned long	flags;		/* flags */
68};
69
70/* Constant for the magic field of the mach_header */
71#define	MH_MAGIC	0xfeedface	/* the mach magic number */
72#define MH_CIGAM	0xcefaedfe
73
74/*
75 * The layout of the file depends on the filetype.  For all but the MH_OBJECT
76 * file type the segments are padded out and aligned on a segment alignment
77 * boundary for efficient demand pageing.  The MH_EXECUTE, MH_FVMLIB, MH_DYLIB,
78 * MH_DYLINKER and MH_BUNDLE file types also have the headers included as part
79 * of their first segment.
80 *
81 * The file type MH_OBJECT is a compact format intended as output of the
82 * assembler and input (and possibly output) of the link editor (the .o
83 * format).  All sections are in one unnamed segment with no segment padding.
84 * This format is used as an executable format when the file is so small the
85 * segment padding greatly increases it's size.
86 *
87 * The file type MH_PRELOAD is an executable format intended for things that
88 * not executed under the kernel (proms, stand alones, kernels, etc).  The
89 * format can be executed under the kernel but may demand paged it and not
90 * preload it before execution.
91 *
92 * A core file is in MH_CORE format and can be any in an arbritray legal
93 * Mach-O file.
94 *
95 * Constants for the filetype field of the mach_header
96 */
97#define	MH_OBJECT	0x1		/* relocatable object file */
98#define	MH_EXECUTE	0x2		/* demand paged executable file */
99#define	MH_FVMLIB	0x3		/* fixed VM shared library file */
100#define	MH_CORE		0x4		/* core file */
101#define	MH_PRELOAD	0x5		/* preloaded executable file */
102#define	MH_DYLIB	0x6		/* dynamicly bound shared library file*/
103#define	MH_DYLINKER	0x7		/* dynamic link editor */
104#define	MH_BUNDLE	0x8		/* dynamicly bound bundle file */
105
106/* Constants for the flags field of the mach_header */
107#define	MH_NOUNDEFS	0x1		/* the object file has no undefined
108					   references, can be executed */
109#define	MH_INCRLINK	0x2		/* the object file is the output of an
110					   incremental link against a base file
111					   and can't be link edited again */
112#define MH_DYLDLINK	0x4		/* the object file is input for the
113					   dynamic linker and can't be staticly
114					   link edited again */
115#define MH_BINDATLOAD	0x8		/* the object file's undefined
116					   references are bound by the dynamic
117					   linker when loaded. */
118#define MH_PREBOUND	0x10		/* the file has it's dynamic undefined
119					   references prebound. */
120
121/*
122 * The load commands directly follow the mach_header.  The total size of all
123 * of the commands is given by the sizeofcmds field in the mach_header.  All
124 * load commands must have as their first two fields cmd and cmdsize.  The cmd
125 * field is filled in with a constant for that command type.  Each command type
126 * has a structure specifically for it.  The cmdsize field is the size in bytes
127 * of the particular load command structure plus anything that follows it that
128 * is a part of the load command (i.e. section structures, strings, etc.).  To
129 * advance to the next load command the cmdsize can be added to the offset or
130 * pointer of the current load command.  The cmdsize MUST be a multiple of
131 * sizeof(long) (this is forever the maximum alignment of any load commands).
132 * The padded bytes must be zero.  All tables in the object file must also
133 * follow these rules so the file can be memory mapped.  Otherwise the pointers
134 * to these tables will not work well or at all on some machines.  With all
135 * padding zeroed like objects will compare byte for byte.
136 */
137struct load_command {
138	unsigned long cmd;		/* type of load command */
139	unsigned long cmdsize;		/* total size of command in bytes */
140};
141
142/* Constants for the cmd field of all load commands, the type */
143#define	LC_SEGMENT	0x1	/* segment of this file to be mapped */
144#define	LC_SYMTAB	0x2	/* link-edit stab symbol table info */
145#define	LC_SYMSEG	0x3	/* link-edit gdb symbol table info (obsolete) */
146#define	LC_THREAD	0x4	/* thread */
147#define	LC_UNIXTHREAD	0x5	/* unix thread (includes a stack) */
148#define	LC_LOADFVMLIB	0x6	/* load a specified fixed VM shared library */
149#define	LC_IDFVMLIB	0x7	/* fixed VM shared library identification */
150#define	LC_IDENT	0x8	/* object identification info (obsolete) */
151#define LC_FVMFILE	0x9	/* fixed VM file inclusion (internal use) */
152#define LC_PREPAGE      0xa     /* prepage command (internal use) */
153#define	LC_DYSYMTAB	0xb	/* dynamic link-edit symbol table info */
154#define	LC_LOAD_DYLIB	0xc	/* load a dynamicly linked shared library */
155#define	LC_ID_DYLIB	0xd	/* dynamicly linked shared lib identification */
156#define LC_LOAD_DYLINKER 0xe	/* load a dynamic linker */
157#define LC_ID_DYLINKER	0xf	/* dynamic linker identification */
158#define	LC_PREBOUND_DYLIB 0x10	/* modules prebound for a dynamicly */
159				/*  linked shared library */
160
161#define LC_UUID		0x1b	/* the uuid */
162
163/*
164 * A variable length string in a load command is represented by an lc_str
165 * union.  The strings are stored just after the load command structure and
166 * the offset is from the start of the load command structure.  The size
167 * of the string is reflected in the cmdsize field of the load command.
168 * Once again any padded bytes to bring the cmdsize field to a multiple
169 * of sizeof(long) must be zero.
170 */
171union lc_str {
172	unsigned long	offset;	/* offset to the string */
173	char		*ptr;	/* pointer to the string */
174};
175
176/*
177 * The segment load command indicates that a part of this file is to be
178 * mapped into the task's address space.  The size of this segment in memory,
179 * vmsize, maybe equal to or larger than the amount to map from this file,
180 * filesize.  The file is mapped starting at fileoff to the beginning of
181 * the segment in memory, vmaddr.  The rest of the memory of the segment,
182 * if any, is allocated zero fill on demand.  The segment's maximum virtual
183 * memory protection and initial virtual memory protection are specified
184 * by the maxprot and initprot fields.  If the segment has sections then the
185 * section structures directly follow the segment command and their size is
186 * reflected in cmdsize.
187 */
188struct segment_command {
189	unsigned long	cmd;		/* LC_SEGMENT */
190	unsigned long	cmdsize;	/* includes sizeof section structs */
191	char		segname[16];	/* segment name */
192	unsigned long	vmaddr;		/* memory address of this segment */
193	unsigned long	vmsize;		/* memory size of this segment */
194	unsigned long	fileoff;	/* file offset of this segment */
195	unsigned long	filesize;	/* amount to map from the file */
196	vm_prot_t	maxprot;	/* maximum VM protection */
197	vm_prot_t	initprot;	/* initial VM protection */
198	unsigned long	nsects;		/* number of sections in segment */
199	unsigned long	flags;		/* flags */
200};
201
202/* Constants for the flags field of the segment_command */
203#define	SG_HIGHVM	0x1	/* the file contents for this segment is for
204				   the high part of the VM space, the low part
205				   is zero filled (for stacks in core files) */
206#define	SG_FVMLIB	0x2	/* this segment is the VM that is allocated by
207				   a fixed VM library, for overlap checking in
208				   the link editor */
209#define	SG_NORELOC	0x4	/* this segment has nothing that was relocated
210				   in it and nothing relocated to it, that is
211				   it maybe safely replaced without relocation*/
212
213/*
214 * A segment is made up of zero or more sections.  Non-MH_OBJECT files have
215 * all of their segments with the proper sections in each, and padded to the
216 * specified segment alignment when produced by the link editor.  The first
217 * segment of a MH_EXECUTE and MH_FVMLIB format file contains the mach_header
218 * and load commands of the object file before it's first section.  The zero
219 * fill sections are always last in their segment (in all formats).  This
220 * allows the zeroed segment padding to be mapped into memory where zero fill
221 * sections might be.
222 *
223 * The MH_OBJECT format has all of it's sections in one segment for
224 * compactness.  There is no padding to a specified segment boundary and the
225 * mach_header and load commands are not part of the segment.
226 *
227 * Sections with the same section name, sectname, going into the same segment,
228 * segname, are combined by the link editor.  The resulting section is aligned
229 * to the maximum alignment of the combined sections and is the new section's
230 * alignment.  The combined sections are aligned to their original alignment in
231 * the combined section.  Any padded bytes to get the specified alignment are
232 * zeroed.
233 *
234 * The format of the relocation entries referenced by the reloff and nreloc
235 * fields of the section structure for mach object files is described in the
236 * header file <reloc.h>.
237 */
238struct section {
239	char		sectname[16];	/* name of this section */
240	char		segname[16];	/* segment this section goes in */
241	unsigned long	addr;		/* memory address of this section */
242	unsigned long	size;		/* size in bytes of this section */
243	unsigned long	offset;		/* file offset of this section */
244	unsigned long	align;		/* section alignment (power of 2) */
245	unsigned long	reloff;		/* file offset of relocation entries */
246	unsigned long	nreloc;		/* number of relocation entries */
247	unsigned long	flags;		/* flags (section type and attributes)*/
248	unsigned long	reserved1;	/* reserved */
249	unsigned long	reserved2;	/* reserved */
250};
251
252/*
253 * The flags field of a section structure is separated into two parts a section
254 * type and section attributes.  The section types are mutually exclusive (it
255 * can only have one type) but the section attributes are not (it may have more
256 * than one attribute).
257 */
258#define SECTION_TYPE		 0x000000ff	/* 256 section types */
259#define SECTION_ATTRIBUTES	 0xffffff00	/*  24 section attributes */
260
261/* Constants for the type of a section */
262#define	S_REGULAR		0x0	/* regular section */
263#define	S_ZEROFILL		0x1	/* zero fill on demand section */
264#define	S_CSTRING_LITERALS	0x2	/* section with only literal C strings*/
265#define	S_4BYTE_LITERALS	0x3	/* section with only 4 byte literals */
266#define	S_8BYTE_LITERALS	0x4	/* section with only 8 byte literals */
267#define	S_LITERAL_POINTERS	0x5	/* section with only pointers to */
268					/*  literals */
269/*
270 * For the two types of symbol pointers sections and the symbol stubs section
271 * they have indirect symbol table entries.  For each of the entries in the
272 * section the indirect symbol table entries, in corresponding order in the
273 * indirect symbol table, start at the index stored in the reserved1 field
274 * of the section structure.  Since the indirect symbol table entries
275 * correspond to the entries in the section the number of indirect symbol table
276 * entries is inferred from the size of the section divided by the size of the
277 * entries in the section.  For symbol pointers sections the size of the entries
278 * in the section is 4 bytes and for symbol stubs sections the byte size of the
279 * stubs is stored in the reserved2 field of the section structure.
280 */
281#define	S_NON_LAZY_SYMBOL_POINTERS	0x6	/* section with only non-lazy
282						   symbol pointers */
283#define	S_LAZY_SYMBOL_POINTERS		0x7	/* section with only lazy symbol
284						   pointers */
285#define	S_SYMBOL_STUBS			0x8	/* section with only symbol
286						   stubs, byte size of stub in
287						   the reserved2 field */
288#define	S_MOD_INIT_FUNC_POINTERS	0x9	/* section with only function
289						   pointers for initialization*/
290/*
291 * Constants for the section attributes part of the flags field of a section
292 * structure.
293 */
294#define SECTION_ATTRIBUTES_USR	 0xff000000	/* User setable attributes */
295#define S_ATTR_PURE_INSTRUCTIONS 0x80000000	/* section contains only true
296						   machine instructions */
297#define SECTION_ATTRIBUTES_SYS	 0x00ffff00	/* system setable attributes */
298#define S_ATTR_SOME_INSTRUCTIONS 0x00000400	/* section contains some
299						   machine instructions */
300#define S_ATTR_EXT_RELOC	 0x00000200	/* section has external
301						   relocation entries */
302#define S_ATTR_LOC_RELOC	 0x00000100	/* section has local
303						   relocation entries */
304
305
306/*
307 * The names of segments and sections in them are mostly meaningless to the
308 * link-editor.  But there are few things to support traditional UNIX
309 * executables that require the link-editor and assembler to use some names
310 * agreed upon by convention.
311 *
312 * The initial protection of the "__TEXT" segment has write protection turned
313 * off (not writeable).
314 *
315 * The link-editor will allocate common symbols at the end of the "__common"
316 * section in the "__DATA" segment.  It will create the section and segment
317 * if needed.
318 */
319
320/* The currently known segment names and the section names in those segments */
321
322#define	SEG_PAGEZERO	"__PAGEZERO"	/* the pagezero segment which has no */
323					/* protections and catches NULL */
324					/* references for MH_EXECUTE files */
325
326
327#define	SEG_TEXT	"__TEXT"	/* the tradition UNIX text segment */
328#define	SECT_TEXT	"__text"	/* the real text part of the text */
329					/* section no headers, and no padding */
330#define SECT_FVMLIB_INIT0 "__fvmlib_init0"	/* the fvmlib initialization */
331						/*  section */
332#define SECT_FVMLIB_INIT1 "__fvmlib_init1"	/* the section following the */
333					        /*  fvmlib initialization */
334						/*  section */
335
336#define	SEG_DATA	"__DATA"	/* the tradition UNIX data segment */
337#define	SECT_DATA	"__data"	/* the real initialized data section */
338					/* no padding, no bss overlap */
339#define	SECT_BSS	"__bss"		/* the real uninitialized data section*/
340					/* no padding */
341#define SECT_COMMON	"__common"	/* the section common symbols are */
342					/* allocated in by the link editor */
343
344#define	SEG_OBJC	"__OBJC"	/* objective-C runtime segment */
345#define SECT_OBJC_SYMBOLS "__symbol_table"	/* symbol table */
346#define SECT_OBJC_MODULES "__module_info"	/* module information */
347#define SECT_OBJC_STRINGS "__selector_strs"	/* string table */
348#define SECT_OBJC_REFS "__selector_refs"	/* string table */
349
350#define	SEG_ICON	 "__ICON"	/* the NeXT icon segment */
351#define	SECT_ICON_HEADER "__header"	/* the icon headers */
352#define	SECT_ICON_TIFF   "__tiff"	/* the icons in tiff format */
353
354#define	SEG_LINKEDIT	"__LINKEDIT"	/* the segment containing all structs */
355					/* created and maintained by the link */
356					/* editor.  Created with -seglinkedit */
357					/* option to ld(1) for MH_EXECUTE and */
358					/* FVMLIB file types only */
359
360#define SEG_UNIXSTACK	"__UNIXSTACK"	/* the unix stack segment */
361
362/*
363 * Fixed virtual memory shared libraries are identified by two things.  The
364 * target pathname (the name of the library as found for execution), and the
365 * minor version number.  The address of where the headers are loaded is in
366 * header_addr.
367 */
368struct fvmlib {
369	union lc_str	name;		/* library's target pathname */
370	unsigned long	minor_version;	/* library's minor version number */
371	unsigned long	header_addr;	/* library's header address */
372};
373
374/*
375 * A fixed virtual shared library (filetype == MH_FVMLIB in the mach header)
376 * contains a fvmlib_command (cmd == LC_IDFVMLIB) to identify the library.
377 * An object that uses a fixed virtual shared library also contains a
378 * fvmlib_command (cmd == LC_LOADFVMLIB) for each library it uses.
379 */
380struct fvmlib_command {
381	unsigned long	cmd;		/* LC_IDFVMLIB or LC_LOADFVMLIB */
382	unsigned long	cmdsize;	/* includes pathname string */
383	struct fvmlib	fvmlib;		/* the library identification */
384};
385
386/*
387 * Dynamicly linked shared libraries are identified by two things.  The
388 * pathname (the name of the library as found for execution), and the
389 * compatibility version number.  The pathname must match and the compatibility
390 * number in the user of the library must be greater than or equal to the
391 * library being used.  The time stamp is used to record the time a library was
392 * built and copied into user so it can be use to determined if the library used
393 * at runtime is exactly the same as used to built the program.
394 */
395struct dylib {
396    union lc_str  name;			/* library's path name */
397    unsigned long timestamp;		/* library's build time stamp */
398    unsigned long current_version;	/* library's current version number */
399    unsigned long compatibility_version;/* library's compatibility vers number*/
400};
401
402/*
403 * A dynamicly linked shared library (filetype == MH_DYLIB in the mach header)
404 * contains a dylib_command (cmd == LC_ID_DYLIB) to identify the library.
405 * An object that uses a dynamicly linked shared library also contains a
406 * dylib_command (cmd == LC_LOAD_DYLIB) for each library it uses.
407 */
408struct dylib_command {
409	unsigned long	cmd;		/* LC_ID_DYLIB or LC_LOAD_DYLIB */
410	unsigned long	cmdsize;	/* includes pathname string */
411	struct dylib	dylib;		/* the library identification */
412};
413
414/*
415 * A program (filetype == MH_EXECUTE) or bundle (filetype == MH_BUNDLE) that is
416 * prebound to it's dynamic libraries has one of these for each library that
417 * the static linker used in prebinding.  It contains a bit vector for the
418 * modules in the library.  The bits indicate which modules are bound (1) and
419 * which are not (0) from the library.  The bit for module 0 is the low bit
420 * of the first byte.  So the bit for the Nth module is:
421 * (linked_modules[N/8] >> N%8) & 1
422 */
423struct prebound_dylib_command {
424	unsigned long	cmd;		/* LC_PREBOUND_DYLIB */
425	unsigned long	cmdsize;	/* includes strings */
426	union lc_str	name;		/* library's path name */
427	unsigned long	nmodules;	/* number of modules in library */
428	union lc_str	linked_modules;	/* bit vector of linked modules */
429};
430
431/*
432 * A program that uses a dynamic linker contains a dylinker_command to identify
433 * the name of the dynamic linker (LC_LOAD_DYLINKER).  And a dynamic linker
434 * contains a dylinker_command to identify the dynamic linker (LC_ID_DYLINKER).
435 * A file can have at most one of these.
436 */
437struct dylinker_command {
438	unsigned long	cmd;		/* LC_ID_DYLINKER or LC_LOAD_DYLINKER */
439	unsigned long	cmdsize;	/* includes pathname string */
440	union lc_str    name;		/* dynamic linker's path name */
441};
442
443/*
444 * Thread commands contain machine-specific data structures suitable for
445 * use in the thread state primitives.  The machine specific data structures
446 * follow the struct thread_command as follows.
447 * Each flavor of machine specific data structure is preceded by an unsigned
448 * long constant for the flavor of that data structure, an unsigned long
449 * that is the count of longs of the size of the state data structure and then
450 * the state data structure follows.  This triple may be repeated for many
451 * flavors.  The constants for the flavors, counts and state data structure
452 * definitions are expected to be in the header file <machine/thread_status.h>.
453 * These machine specific data structures sizes must be multiples of
454 * sizeof(long).  The cmdsize reflects the total size of the thread_command
455 * and all of the sizes of the constants for the flavors, counts and state
456 * data structures.
457 *
458 * For executable objects that are unix processes there will be one
459 * thread_command (cmd == LC_UNIXTHREAD) created for it by the link-editor.
460 * This is the same as a LC_THREAD, except that a stack is automatically
461 * created (based on the shell's limit for the stack size).  Command arguments
462 * and environment variables are copied onto that stack.
463 */
464struct thread_command {
465	unsigned long	cmd;		/* LC_THREAD or  LC_UNIXTHREAD */
466	unsigned long	cmdsize;	/* total size of this command */
467	/* unsigned long flavor		   flavor of thread state */
468	/* unsigned long count		   count of longs in thread state */
469	/* struct XXX_thread_state state   thread state for this flavor */
470	/* ... */
471};
472
473/*
474 * The symtab_command contains the offsets and sizes of the link-edit 4.3BSD
475 * "stab" style symbol table information as described in the header files
476 * <nlist.h> and <stab.h>.
477 */
478struct symtab_command {
479	unsigned long	cmd;		/* LC_SYMTAB */
480	unsigned long	cmdsize;	/* sizeof(struct symtab_command) */
481	unsigned long	symoff;		/* symbol table offset */
482	unsigned long	nsyms;		/* number of symbol table entries */
483	unsigned long	stroff;		/* string table offset */
484	unsigned long	strsize;	/* string table size in bytes */
485};
486
487/*
488 * This is the second set of the symbolic information which is used to support
489 * the data structures for the dynamicly link editor.
490 *
491 * The original set of symbolic information in the symtab_command which contains
492 * the symbol and string tables must also be present when this load command is
493 * present.  When this load command is present the symbol table is organized
494 * into three groups of symbols:
495 *	local symbols (static and debugging symbols) - grouped by module
496 *	defined external symbols - grouped by module (sorted by name if not lib)
497 *	undefined external symbols (sorted by name)
498 * In this load command there are offsets and counts to each of the three groups
499 * of symbols.
500 *
501 * This load command contains a the offsets and sizes of the following new
502 * symbolic information tables:
503 *	table of contents
504 *	module table
505 *	reference symbol table
506 *	indirect symbol table
507 * The first three tables above (the table of contents, module table and
508 * reference symbol table) are only present if the file is a dynamicly linked
509 * shared library.  For executable and object modules, which are files
510 * containing only one module, the information that would be in these three
511 * tables is determined as follows:
512 * 	table of contents - the defined external symbols are sorted by name
513 *	module table - the file contains only one module so everything in the
514 *		       file is part of the module.
515 *	reference symbol table - is the defined and undefined external symbols
516 *
517 * For dynamicly linked shared library files this load command also contains
518 * offsets and sizes to the pool of relocation entries for all sections
519 * separated into two groups:
520 *	external relocation entries
521 *	local relocation entries
522 * For executable and object modules the relocation entries continue to hang
523 * off the section structures.
524 */
525struct dysymtab_command {
526    unsigned long cmd;		/* LC_DYSYMTAB */
527    unsigned long cmdsize;	/* sizeof(struct dysymtab_command) */
528
529    /*
530     * The symbols indicated by symoff and nsyms of the LC_SYMTAB load command
531     * are grouped into the following three groups:
532     *    local symbols (further grouped by the module they are from)
533     *    defined external symbols (further grouped by the module they are from)
534     *    undefined symbols
535     *
536     * The local symbols are used only for debugging.  The dynamic binding
537     * process may have to use them to indicate to the debugger the local
538     * symbols for a module that is being bound.
539     *
540     * The last two groups are used by the dynamic binding process to do the
541     * binding (indirectly through the module table and the reference symbol
542     * table when this is a dynamicly linked shared library file).
543     */
544    unsigned long ilocalsym;	/* index to local symbols */
545    unsigned long nlocalsym;	/* number of local symbols */
546
547    unsigned long iextdefsym;	/* index to externally defined symbols */
548    unsigned long nextdefsym;	/* number of externally defined symbols */
549
550    unsigned long iundefsym;	/* index to undefined symbols */
551    unsigned long nundefsym;	/* number of undefined symbols */
552
553    /*
554     * For the for the dynamic binding process to find which module a symbol
555     * is defined in the table of contents is used (analogous to the ranlib
556     * structure in an archive) which maps defined external symbols to modules
557     * they are defined in.  This exists only in a dynamicly linked shared
558     * library file.  For executable and object modules the defined external
559     * symbols are sorted by name and is use as the table of contents.
560     */
561    unsigned long tocoff;	/* file offset to table of contents */
562    unsigned long ntoc;		/* number of entries in table of contents */
563
564    /*
565     * To support dynamic binding of "modules" (whole object files) the symbol
566     * table must reflect the modules that the file was created from.  This is
567     * done by having a module table that has indexes and counts into the merged
568     * tables for each module.  The module structure that these two entries
569     * refer to is described below.  This exists only in a dynamicly linked
570     * shared library file.  For executable and object modules the file only
571     * contains one module so everything in the file belongs to the module.
572     */
573    unsigned long modtaboff;	/* file offset to module table */
574    unsigned long nmodtab;	/* number of module table entries */
575
576    /*
577     * To support dynamic module binding the module structure for each module
578     * indicates the external references (defined and undefined) each module
579     * makes.  For each module there is an offset and a count into the
580     * reference symbol table for the symbols that the module references.
581     * This exists only in a dynamicly linked shared library file.  For
582     * executable and object modules the defined external symbols and the
583     * undefined external symbols indicates the external references.
584     */
585    unsigned long extrefsymoff;  /* offset to referenced symbol table */
586    unsigned long nextrefsyms;	 /* number of referenced symbol table entries */
587
588    /*
589     * The sections that contain "symbol pointers" and "routine stubs" have
590     * indexes and (implied counts based on the size of the section and fixed
591     * size of the entry) into the "indirect symbol" table for each pointer
592     * and stub.  For every section of these two types the index into the
593     * indirect symbol table is stored in the section header in the field
594     * reserved1.  An indirect symbol table entry is simply a 32bit index into
595     * the symbol table to the symbol that the pointer or stub is referring to.
596     * The indirect symbol table is ordered to match the entries in the section.
597     */
598    unsigned long indirectsymoff; /* file offset to the indirect symbol table */
599    unsigned long nindirectsyms;  /* number of indirect symbol table entries */
600
601    /*
602     * To support relocating an individual module in a library file quickly the
603     * external relocation entries for each module in the library need to be
604     * accessed efficiently.  Since the relocation entries can't be accessed
605     * through the section headers for a library file they are separated into
606     * groups of local and external entries further grouped by module.  In this
607     * case the presents of this load command who's extreloff, nextrel,
608     * locreloff and nlocrel fields are non-zero indicates that the relocation
609     * entries of non-merged sections are not referenced through the section
610     * structures (and the reloff and nreloc fields in the section headers are
611     * set to zero).
612     *
613     * Since the relocation entries are not accessed through the section headers
614     * this requires the r_address field to be something other than a section
615     * offset to identify the item to be relocated.  In this case r_address is
616     * set to the offset from the vmaddr of the first LC_SEGMENT command.
617     *
618     * The relocation entries are grouped by module and the module table
619     * entries have indexes and counts into them for the group of external
620     * relocation entries for that the module.
621     *
622     * For sections that are merged across modules there must not be any
623     * remaining external relocation entries for them (for merged sections
624     * remaining relocation entries must be local).
625     */
626    unsigned long extreloff;	/* offset to external relocation entries */
627    unsigned long nextrel;	/* number of external relocation entries */
628
629    /*
630     * All the local relocation entries are grouped together (they are not
631     * grouped by their module since they are only used if the object is moved
632     * from it staticly link edited address).
633     */
634    unsigned long locreloff;	/* offset to local relocation entries */
635    unsigned long nlocrel;	/* number of local relocation entries */
636
637};
638
639/*
640 * An indirect symbol table entry is simply a 32bit index into the symbol table
641 * to the symbol that the pointer or stub is refering to.  Unless it is for a
642 * non-lazy symbol pointer section for a defined symbol which strip(1) as
643 * removed.  In which case it has the value INDIRECT_SYMBOL_LOCAL.  If the
644 * symbol was also absolute INDIRECT_SYMBOL_ABS is or'ed with that.
645 */
646#define INDIRECT_SYMBOL_LOCAL	0x80000000
647#define INDIRECT_SYMBOL_ABS	0x40000000
648
649
650/* a table of contents entry */
651struct dylib_table_of_contents {
652    unsigned long symbol_index;	/* the defined external symbol
653				   (index into the symbol table) */
654    unsigned long module_index;	/* index into the module table this symbol
655				   is defined in */
656};
657
658/* a module table entry */
659struct dylib_module {
660    unsigned long module_name;	/* the module name (index into string table) */
661
662    unsigned long iextdefsym;	/* index into externally defined symbols */
663    unsigned long nextdefsym;	/* number of externally defined symbols */
664    unsigned long irefsym;		/* index into reference symbol table */
665    unsigned long nrefsym;	/* number of reference symbol table entries */
666    unsigned long ilocalsym;	/* index into symbols for local symbols */
667    unsigned long nlocalsym;	/* number of local symbols */
668
669    unsigned long iextrel;	/* index into external relocation entries */
670    unsigned long nextrel;	/* number of external relocation entries */
671
672    unsigned long iinit;	/* index into the init section */
673    unsigned long ninit;	/* number of init section entries */
674
675    unsigned long		/* for this module address of the start of */
676	objc_module_info_addr;  /*  the (__OBJC,__module_info) section */
677    unsigned long		/* for this module size of */
678	objc_module_info_size;	/*  the (__OBJC,__module_info) section */
679};
680
681/*
682 * The entries in the reference symbol table are used when loading the module
683 * (both by the static and dynamic link editors) and if the module is unloaded
684 * or replaced.  Therefore all external symbols (defined and undefined) are
685 * listed in the module's reference table.  The flags describe the type of
686 * reference that is being made.  The constants for the flags are defined in
687 * <mach-o/nlist.h> as they are also used for symbol table entries.
688 */
689struct dylib_reference {
690    unsigned long isym:24,	/* index into the symbol table */
691    		  flags:8;	/* flags to indicate the type of reference */
692};
693
694/*
695 * The uuid load command contains a single 128-bit unique random number that
696 * identifies an object produced by the static link editor.
697 */
698struct uuid_command {
699    unsigned long	cmd;		/* LC_UUID */
700    unsigned long	cmdsize;	/* sizeof(struct uuid_command) */
701    unsigned char	uuid[16];	/* the 128-bit uuid */
702};
703
704/*
705 * The symseg_command contains the offset and size of the GNU style
706 * symbol table information as described in the header file <symseg.h>.
707 * The symbol roots of the symbol segments must also be aligned properly
708 * in the file.  So the requirement of keeping the offsets aligned to a
709 * multiple of a sizeof(long) translates to the length field of the symbol
710 * roots also being a multiple of a long.  Also the padding must again be
711 * zeroed. (THIS IS OBSOLETE and no longer supported).
712 */
713struct symseg_command {
714	unsigned long	cmd;		/* LC_SYMSEG */
715	unsigned long	cmdsize;	/* sizeof(struct symseg_command) */
716	unsigned long	offset;		/* symbol segment offset */
717	unsigned long	size;		/* symbol segment size in bytes */
718};
719
720/*
721 * The ident_command contains a free format string table following the
722 * ident_command structure.  The strings are null terminated and the size of
723 * the command is padded out with zero bytes to a multiple of sizeof(long).
724 * (THIS IS OBSOLETE and no longer supported).
725 */
726struct ident_command {
727	unsigned long cmd;		/* LC_IDENT */
728	unsigned long cmdsize;		/* strings that follow this command */
729};
730
731/*
732 * The fvmfile_command contains a reference to a file to be loaded at the
733 * specified virtual address.  (Presently, this command is reserved for NeXT
734 * internal use.  The kernel ignores this command when loading a program into
735 * memory).
736 */
737struct fvmfile_command {
738	unsigned long cmd;		/* LC_FVMFILE */
739	unsigned long cmdsize;		/* includes pathname string */
740	union lc_str	name;		/* files pathname */
741	unsigned long	header_addr;	/* files virtual address */
742};
743
744#endif /*_MACHO_LOADER_H_*/
745