1/*
2 * Copyright (c) 2000-2014 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
3 *
4 * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
5 *
6 * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
7 * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
8 * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
9 * compliance with the License. The rights granted to you under the License
10 * may not be used to create, or enable the creation or redistribution of,
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14 *
15 * Please obtain a copy of the License at
16 * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file.
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27 */
28/*
29 * @OSF_COPYRIGHT@
30 */
31/*
32 * Mach Operating System
33 * Copyright (c) 1991,1990,1989,1988,1987 Carnegie Mellon University
34 * All Rights Reserved.
35 *
36 * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its
37 * documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
38 * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
39 * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
40 * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
41 *
42 * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
43 * CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND FOR
44 * ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
45 *
46 * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
47 *
48 *  Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
49 *  School of Computer Science
50 *  Carnegie Mellon University
51 *  Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
52 *
53 * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie Mellon
54 * the rights to redistribute these changes.
55 */
56/*
57 */
58/*
59 *	File:	zalloc.h
60 *	Author:	Avadis Tevanian, Jr.
61 *	Date:	 1985
62 *
63 */
64
65#ifdef	KERNEL_PRIVATE
66
67#ifndef	_KERN_ZALLOC_H_
68#define _KERN_ZALLOC_H_
69
70#include <mach/machine/vm_types.h>
71#include <kern/kern_types.h>
72#include <sys/cdefs.h>
73
74#ifdef	MACH_KERNEL_PRIVATE
75
76#include <zone_debug.h>
77#include <kern/locks.h>
78#include <kern/queue.h>
79#include <kern/thread_call.h>
80
81#if	CONFIG_GZALLOC
82typedef struct gzalloc_data {
83	uint32_t	gzfc_index;
84	vm_offset_t 	*gzfc;
85} gzalloc_data_t;
86#endif
87
88/*
89 *	A zone is a collection of fixed size blocks for which there
90 *	is fast allocation/deallocation access.  Kernel routines can
91 *	use zones to manage data structures dynamically, creating a zone
92 *	for each type of data structure to be managed.
93 *
94 */
95
96struct zone_free_element;
97struct zone_page_metadata;
98
99struct zone {
100	struct zone_free_element *free_elements;	/* free elements directly linked */
101	struct {
102		queue_head_t			any_free_foreign;	/* foreign pages crammed into zone */
103		queue_head_t			all_free;
104		queue_head_t			intermediate;
105		queue_head_t			all_used;
106	} pages;		/* list of zone_page_metadata structs, which maintain per-page free element lists */
107	int		count;		/* Number of elements used now */
108	int		countfree;	/* Number of free elements */
109	lck_attr_t      lock_attr;	/* zone lock attribute */
110	decl_lck_mtx_data(,lock)	/* zone lock */
111	lck_mtx_ext_t   lock_ext;	/* placeholder for indirect mutex */
112	vm_size_t	cur_size;	/* current memory utilization */
113	vm_size_t	max_size;	/* how large can this zone grow */
114	vm_size_t	elem_size;	/* size of an element */
115	vm_size_t	alloc_size;	/* size used for more memory */
116	uint64_t	page_count __attribute__((aligned(8)));   /* number of pages used by this zone */
117	uint64_t	sum_count;	/* count of allocs (life of zone) */
118	uint32_t
119	/* boolean_t */ exhaustible        :1,	/* (F) merely return if empty? */
120	/* boolean_t */	collectable        :1,	/* (F) garbage collect empty pages */
121	/* boolean_t */	expandable         :1,	/* (T) expand zone (with message)? */
122	/* boolean_t */ allows_foreign     :1,  /* (F) allow non-zalloc space */
123	/* boolean_t */	doing_alloc        :1,	/* is zone expanding now? */
124	/* boolean_t */	waiting            :1,	/* is thread waiting for expansion? */
125	/* boolean_t */	async_pending      :1,	/* asynchronous allocation pending? */
126	/* boolean_t */ zleak_on           :1,	/* Are we collecting allocation information? */
127	/* boolean_t */	caller_acct        :1,  /* do we account allocation/free to the caller? */
128	/* boolean_t */	doing_gc           :1,	/* garbage collect in progress? */
129	/* boolean_t */ noencrypt          :1,
130	/* boolean_t */	no_callout         :1,
131	/* boolean_t */	async_prio_refill  :1,
132	/* boolean_t */	gzalloc_exempt     :1,
133	/* boolean_t */	alignment_required :1,
134	/* boolean_t */	use_page_list 	   :1,
135	/* future    */ _reserved          :16;
136
137	int		index;		/* index into zone_info arrays for this zone */
138	struct zone	*next_zone;	/* Link for all-zones list */
139	const char	*zone_name;	/* a name for the zone */
140#if	ZONE_DEBUG
141	queue_head_t	active_zones;	/* active elements */
142#endif	/* ZONE_DEBUG */
143
144#if CONFIG_ZLEAKS
145	uint32_t zleak_capture;		/* per-zone counter for capturing every N allocations */
146#endif /* CONFIG_ZLEAKS */
147	uint32_t zp_count;              /* counter for poisoning every N frees */
148	vm_size_t	prio_refill_watermark;
149	thread_t	zone_replenish_thread;
150#if	CONFIG_GZALLOC
151	gzalloc_data_t	gz;
152#endif /* CONFIG_GZALLOC */
153};
154
155/*
156 *	structure for tracking zone usage
157 *	Used either one per task/thread for all zones or <per-task,per-zone>.
158 */
159typedef struct zinfo_usage_store_t {
160	/* These fields may be updated atomically, and so must be 8 byte aligned */
161	uint64_t	alloc __attribute__((aligned(8)));		/* allocation counter */
162	uint64_t	free __attribute__((aligned(8)));		/* free counter */
163} zinfo_usage_store_t;
164typedef zinfo_usage_store_t *zinfo_usage_t;
165
166extern void		zone_gc(boolean_t);
167extern void		consider_zone_gc(boolean_t);
168
169/* Steal memory for zone module */
170extern void		zone_steal_memory(void);
171
172/* Bootstrap zone module (create zone zone) */
173extern void		zone_bootstrap(void);
174
175/* Init zone module */
176extern void		zone_init(
177					vm_size_t	map_size);
178
179/* Handle per-task zone info */
180extern void		zinfo_task_init(task_t task);
181extern void		zinfo_task_free(task_t task);
182
183
184/* Stack use statistics */
185extern void		stack_fake_zone_init(int zone_index);
186extern void		stack_fake_zone_info(
187					int			*count,
188					vm_size_t	*cur_size,
189					vm_size_t	*max_size,
190					vm_size_t	*elem_size,
191					vm_size_t	*alloc_size,
192					uint64_t	*sum_size,
193					int			*collectable,
194					int			*exhaustable,
195					int		*caller_acct);
196
197#if		ZONE_DEBUG
198
199extern void		zone_debug_enable(
200				zone_t		z);
201
202extern void		zone_debug_disable(
203				zone_t		z);
204
205#define zone_debug_enabled(z) z->active_zones.next
206#define	ROUNDUP(x,y)		((((x)+(y)-1)/(y))*(y))
207#define ZONE_DEBUG_OFFSET	ROUNDUP(sizeof(queue_chain_t),16)
208#endif	/* ZONE_DEBUG */
209
210#endif	/* MACH_KERNEL_PRIVATE */
211
212__BEGIN_DECLS
213
214#ifdef	XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE
215
216extern vm_offset_t     zone_map_min_address;
217extern vm_offset_t     zone_map_max_address;
218
219
220/* Allocate from zone */
221extern void *	zalloc(
222					zone_t		zone);
223
224/* Free zone element */
225extern void		zfree(
226					zone_t		zone,
227					void 		*elem);
228
229/* Create zone */
230extern zone_t	zinit(
231					vm_size_t	size,		/* the size of an element */
232					vm_size_t	maxmem,		/* maximum memory to use */
233					vm_size_t	alloc,		/* allocation size */
234					const char	*name);		/* a name for the zone */
235
236
237/* Non-waiting for memory version of zalloc */
238extern void *	zalloc_nopagewait(
239					zone_t		zone);
240
241/* Non-blocking version of zalloc */
242extern void *	zalloc_noblock(
243					zone_t		zone);
244
245/* selective version of zalloc */
246extern void *	zalloc_canblock(
247					zone_t		zone,
248					boolean_t	canblock);
249
250/* Get from zone free list */
251extern void *	zget(
252					zone_t		zone);
253
254/* Fill zone with memory */
255extern void		zcram(
256					zone_t		zone,
257					vm_offset_t	newmem,
258					vm_size_t	size);
259
260/* Initially fill zone with specified number of elements */
261extern int		zfill(
262					zone_t		zone,
263					int			nelem);
264
265/* Change zone parameters */
266extern void		zone_change(
267					zone_t			zone,
268					unsigned int	item,
269					boolean_t		value);
270extern void		zone_prio_refill_configure(zone_t, vm_size_t);
271/* Item definitions */
272#define Z_EXHAUST	1	/* Make zone exhaustible	*/
273#define Z_COLLECT	2	/* Make zone collectable	*/
274#define Z_EXPAND	3	/* Make zone expandable		*/
275#define	Z_FOREIGN	4	/* Allow collectable zone to contain foreign elements */
276#define Z_CALLERACCT	5	/* Account alloc/free against the caller */
277#define Z_NOENCRYPT	6	/* Don't encrypt zone during hibernation */
278#define Z_NOCALLOUT 	7	/* Don't asynchronously replenish the zone via
279				 * callouts
280				 */
281#define Z_ALIGNMENT_REQUIRED 8
282#define Z_GZALLOC_EXEMPT 9	/* Not tracked in guard allocation mode */
283
284/* Preallocate space for zone from zone map */
285extern void		zprealloc(
286					zone_t		zone,
287					vm_size_t	size);
288
289extern integer_t	zone_free_count(
290						zone_t		zone);
291
292/*
293 * MAX_ZTRACE_DEPTH configures how deep of a stack trace is taken on each zalloc in the zone of interest.  15
294 * levels is usually enough to get past all the layers of code in kalloc and IOKit and see who the actual
295 * caller is up above these lower levels.
296 *
297 * This is used both for the zone leak detector and the zone corruption log.
298 */
299
300#define MAX_ZTRACE_DEPTH	15
301
302/*
303 *  Structure for keeping track of a backtrace, used for leak detection.
304 *  This is in the .h file because it is used during panic, see kern/debug.c
305 *  A non-zero size indicates that the trace is in use.
306 */
307struct ztrace {
308	vm_size_t		zt_size;			/* How much memory are all the allocations referring to this trace taking up? */
309	uint32_t		zt_depth;			/* depth of stack (0 to MAX_ZTRACE_DEPTH) */
310	void*			zt_stack[MAX_ZTRACE_DEPTH];	/* series of return addresses from OSBacktrace */
311	uint32_t		zt_collisions;			/* How many times did a different stack land here while it was occupied? */
312	uint32_t		zt_hit_count;			/* for determining effectiveness of hash function */
313};
314
315#if CONFIG_ZLEAKS
316
317/* support for the kern.zleak.* sysctls */
318
319extern kern_return_t zleak_activate(void);
320extern vm_size_t zleak_max_zonemap_size;
321extern vm_size_t zleak_global_tracking_threshold;
322extern vm_size_t zleak_per_zone_tracking_threshold;
323
324extern int get_zleak_state(void);
325
326#endif	/* CONFIG_ZLEAKS */
327
328/* These functions used for leak detection both in zalloc.c and mbuf.c */
329extern uint32_t fastbacktrace(uintptr_t* bt, uint32_t max_frames) __attribute__((noinline));
330extern uintptr_t hash_mix(uintptr_t);
331extern uint32_t hashbacktrace(uintptr_t *, uint32_t, uint32_t);
332extern uint32_t hashaddr(uintptr_t, uint32_t);
333
334#define lock_zone(zone)					\
335MACRO_BEGIN						\
336	lck_mtx_lock_spin(&(zone)->lock);		\
337MACRO_END
338
339#define unlock_zone(zone)				\
340MACRO_BEGIN						\
341	lck_mtx_unlock(&(zone)->lock);			\
342MACRO_END
343
344#if	CONFIG_GZALLOC
345void gzalloc_init(vm_size_t);
346void gzalloc_zone_init(zone_t);
347void gzalloc_configure(void);
348void gzalloc_reconfigure(zone_t);
349boolean_t gzalloc_enabled(void);
350
351vm_offset_t gzalloc_alloc(zone_t, boolean_t);
352boolean_t gzalloc_free(zone_t, void *);
353#endif /* CONFIG_GZALLOC */
354
355#endif	/* XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE */
356
357__END_DECLS
358
359#endif	/* _KERN_ZALLOC_H_ */
360
361#endif	/* KERNEL_PRIVATE */
362