1<!-- Input file for bug #431716 - use "-slides" option --> 2<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> 3<html> 4<head> 5<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org"> 6<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content= 7"text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> 8<meta name="GENERATOR" content= 9"Mozilla/4.76 [en] (WinNT; U) [Netscape]"> 10<title>civRights2</title> 11</head> 12<body> 13<h2>Civil Rights #2</h2> 14 15<h2>Overview</h2> 16 17<ul> 18<li>Who are you protected from?</li> 19 20<li>How are you supposed to do anything about it?</li> 21 22<li>Why do protections grow and shrink?</li> 23 24<li>Rights of women</li> 25 26<li>Rights of disabled people</li> 27 28<li>Native Americans</li> 29</ul> 30 31<h2>Who are you protected from?</h2> 32 33<ul> 34<li>"State government" under 14th Amendment</li> 35 36<li style="list-style: none"> 37<ul> 38<li>Sex/race, not age!</li> 39 40<li>People who act "on behalf" of state government</li> 41</ul> 42</li> 43</ul> 44 45<h2>Who are you protected from?</h2> 46 47<ul> 48<li>"State government" under 14th Amendment</li> 49 50<li style="list-style: none"> 51<ul> 52<li>Sex/race, not age!</li> 53 54<li>People who act "on behalf" of state government</li> 55</ul> 56</li> 57 58<li>Federal Government Contractors</li> 59</ul> 60 61<h2>Who are you protected from?</h2> 62 63<ul> 64<li>"State government" under 14th Amendment</li> 65 66<li style="list-style: none"> 67<ul> 68<li>Sex/race, not age!</li> 69 70<li>People who act "on behalf" of state government</li> 71</ul> 72</li> 73 74<li>Federal Government Contractors</li> 75 76<li>Anybody Congress can regulate under the commerce clause</li> 77 78<li style="list-style: none"> 79<ul> 80<li>Civil Rights Acts (1866, 1964, 1991)</li> 81</ul> 82</li> 83</ul> 84 85<h2>How are rules enforced?</h2> 86 87<ol> 88<li>Criminal prosecution</li> 89</ol> 90 91<h2>How are rules enforced?</h2> 92 93<ol> 94<li>Criminal prosecution</li> 95 96<li>EEOC complaint</li> 97 98<li style="list-style: none"> 99<ol> 100<li>Lawsuit for back pay and reinstatement</li> 101 102<li>Affirmative Action order.</li> 103</ol> 104</li> 105</ol> 106 107<h2>How are rules enforced?</h2> 108 109<ol> 110<li>Criminal prosecution</li> 111 112<li>EEOC complaint</li> 113 114<li style="list-style: none"> 115<ol> 116<li>Lawsuit for back pay and reinstatement</li> 117 118<li>Affirmative Action order.</li> 119</ol> 120</li> 121 122<li>Private lawsuit--financial compensation</li> 123</ol> 124 125<h2>What about Affirmative Action?</h2> 126 127<ul> 128<li>what is it?</li> 129</ul> 130 131<h2>What about Affirmative Action?</h2> 132 133<ul> 134<li>what is it?</li> 135 136<li>reverse discrimination</li> 137</ul> 138 139<h2>What about Affirmative Action?</h2> 140 141<ul> 142<li>what is it?</li> 143 144<li>reverse discrimination</li> 145 146<li>diversity policy and the University</li> 147 148<li style="list-style: none"> 149<ul> 150<li>Bakke's lawsuit & followups</li> 151</ul> 152</li> 153 154<li>diversity in government contracting: quotas?</li> 155</ul> 156 157<h2>Why do protections grow and shrink?</h2> 158 159<ul> 160<li>Courts have limited government intervention in society</li> 161 162<li>Is protest necessary?</li> 163 164<li style="list-style: none"> 165<ul> 166<li> Need to "get attention"</li> 167 168<li>Maybe if you don't have a good lawyer...</li> 169</ul> 170</li> 171 172<li>Terrorism/violence usually "counter productive"</li> 173</ul> 174 175<h2>Racial Minorities</h2> 176 177<ul> 178<li>14th shrank in response to Court decisions and politics</li> 179 180<li>Some protections won through legal action</li> 181 182<li>Biggest protections result from nonviolent action</li> 183</ul> 184 185<h2>Rights of Women</h2> 186 187<ul> 188<li>Long era of "protectionism"</li> 189</ul> 190 191<h2>Rights of Women</h2> 192 193<ul> 194<li>Long era of "protectionism"</li> 195 196<li>excluded from many professions</li> 197</ul> 198 199<h2>Rights of Women</h2> 200 201<ul> 202<li>Long era of "protectionism"</li> 203 204<li>excluded from many professions</li> 205 206<li>couldn't vote</li> 207 208<li>own property</li> 209</ul> 210 211<h2>Equal Rights Amendments</h2> 212 213<ul> 214<li>Remember the 14th Amendment?</li> 215</ul> 216 217<h2>Equal Rights Amendments</h2> 218 219<ul> 220<li>Remember the 14th Amendment?</li> 221 222<li>ERA proposed by Congress 1972. Failed.</li> 223</ul> 224 225<h2>Equal Rights Amendments</h2> 226 227<ul> 228<li>Remember the 14th Amendment?</li> 229 230<li>ERA proposed by Congress 1972. Failed.</li> 231 232<li>1970s: Revival of 14th for women.</li> 233 234<li style="list-style: none"> 235<ul> 236<li>Sexual classifications no longer allowed by State without 237persuasive justification</li> 238</ul> 239</li> 240</ul> 241 242<h2>Women in the Labor Force</h2> 243 244<ul> 245<li>Why do women earn less?</li> 246 247<li style="list-style: none"> 248<ul> 249<li>Job type</li> 250 251<li>Skill</li> 252 253<li>Discrimination</li> 254</ul> 255</li> 256</ul> 257 258<h2>Women in the Labor Force</h2> 259 260<ul> 261<li>Why do women earn less?</li> 262 263<li style="list-style: none"> 264<ul> 265<li>Job type</li> 266 267<li>Skill</li> 268 269<li>Discrimination</li> 270</ul> 271</li> 272 273<li>1964 CRA included "sex" but...</li> 274 275<li>EEOC initially refused to pursue sex discrimination 276cases</li> 277</ul> 278 279<h2>Women in the Labor Force</h2> 280 281<ul> 282<li>Why do women earn less?</li> 283 284<li style="list-style: none"> 285<ul> 286<li>Job type</li> 287 288<li>Skill</li> 289 290<li>Discrimination</li> 291</ul> 292</li> 293 294<li>1964 CRA included "sex" but...</li> 295 296<li>EEOC initially refused to pursue sex discrimination 297cases</li> 298 299<li>1991 CRA: restated 1866 CRA right to sue for $ damages for 300discrimination or sexual harassment.</li> 301</ul> 302 303<h2>Higher Education</h2> 304 305<ul> 306<li>Higher Educ. Act, Title IX (1972) Prohibit sex 307discrimination in fed. funded programs</li> 308 309<li>Rising emphasis on women's athletics</li> 310 311<li>Backlash in some states (California, Texas)</li> 312</ul> 313 314<h2>Rights of disabled people</h2> 315 316<ul> 317<li>1973 Federal law prohibited discrimination by federal 318contractors</li> 319 320<li style="list-style: none"> 321<ul> 322<li>must not discriminate against an otherwise qualified person 323solely by reason of handicap</li> 324</ul> 325</li> 326</ul> 327 328<h2>Rights of disabled people</h2> 329 330<ul> 331<li>1973 Federal law prohibited discrimination by federal 332contractors</li> 333 334<li style="list-style: none"> 335<ul> 336<li>must not discriminate against an otherwise qualified person 337solely by reason of handicap</li> 338</ul> 339</li> 340 341<li>1990 Americans with Disabilities Act</li> 342 343<li style="list-style: none"> 344<ul> 345<li>extends protection to businesses and public accommodations 346(commerce clause)</li> 347 348<li>requires reasonable accommodation</li> 349</ul> 350</li> 351</ul> 352 353<h2>Politics and Native American Rights</h2> 354 355<ul> 356<li>Battle on 2 fronts</li> 357 358<li style="list-style: none"> 359<ul> 360<li>Tribal autonomy & relations with US/BIA</li> 361 362<li>Opportunities within "mainstream" US</li> 363</ul> 364</li> 365 366<li>State Government and the 14th amendment</li> 367 368<li style="list-style: none"> 369<ul> 370<li>Complicated peyote story</li> 371</ul> 372</li> 373</ul> 374</body> 375</html> 376 377 378