1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> 2<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> 3<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head><!-- 4 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX 5 This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT 6 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX 7 --> 8<title>Per-user web directories - Apache HTTP Server</title> 9<link href="/style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" /> 10<link href="/style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" /> 11<link href="/style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/style/css/prettify.css" /> 12<script src="/style/scripts/prettify.min.js" type="text/javascript"> 13</script> 14 15<link href="/images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head> 16<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header"> 17<p class="menu"><a href="/mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="/mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="/glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="/sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p> 18<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</p> 19<img alt="" src="/images/feather.gif" /></div> 20<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="/images/left.gif" /></a></div> 21<div id="path"> 22<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.4</a> > <a href="./">How-To / Tutorials</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Per-user web directories</h1> 23<div class="toplang"> 24<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="/en/howto/public_html.html" title="English"> en </a> | 25<a href="/fr/howto/public_html.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Fran�ais"> fr </a> | 26<a href="/ja/howto/public_html.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> | 27<a href="/ko/howto/public_html.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> | 28<a href="/tr/howto/public_html.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="T�rk�e"> tr </a></p> 29</div> 30 31<p>On systems with multiple users, each user can be permitted to have a 32 web site in their home directory using the <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> directive. Visitors 33 to a URL <code>http://example.com/~username/</code> will get content 34 out of the home directory of the user "<code>username</code>", out of 35 the subdirectory specified by the <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> directive.</p> 36<p>Note that, by default, access to these directories is <strong>not</strong> 37 enabled. You can enable access when using <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> by uncommenting the line</p> 38 <div class="example"><p><code> 39 #Include conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf 40 </code></p></div> 41 <p>in the default config file, and adapting the <code>httpd-userdir.conf</code> 42 file as necessary, or by including the appropriate directives in a 43 <code>Directory</code> block within the main config file.</p> 44</div> 45<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="/images/down.gif" /> <a href="#related">Per-user web directories</a></li> 46<li><img alt="" src="/images/down.gif" /> <a href="#userdir">Setting the file path with UserDir</a></li> 47<li><img alt="" src="/images/down.gif" /> <a href="#redirect">Redirecting to external URLs</a></li> 48<li><img alt="" src="/images/down.gif" /> <a href="#enable">Restricting what users are permitted to use this 49 feature</a></li> 50<li><img alt="" src="/images/down.gif" /> <a href="#cgi">Enabling a cgi directory for each user</a></li> 51<li><img alt="" src="/images/down.gif" /> <a href="#htaccess">Allowing users to alter configuration</a></li> 52</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="/urlmapping.html">Mapping URLs to the Filesystem</a></li></ul><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div> 53<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="/images/up.gif" /></a></div> 54<div class="section"> 55<h2><a name="related" id="related">Per-user web directories</a></h2> 56 57 <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_userdir.html">mod_userdir</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="/mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="/mod/core.html#directorymatch">DirectoryMatch</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="/mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table> 58 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="/images/up.gif" /></a></div> 59<div class="section"> 60<h2><a name="userdir" id="userdir">Setting the file path with UserDir</a></h2> 61 62 63 <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> 64 directive specifies a directory out of which per-user 65 content is loaded. This directive may take several different forms.</p> 66 67 <p>If a path is given which does not start with a leading slash, it is 68 assumed to be a directory path relative to the home directory of the 69 specified user. Given this configuration:</p> 70 71 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">UserDir public_html</pre> 72 73 74 <p>the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code> will be 75 translated to the file path 76 <code>/home/rbowen/public_html/file.html</code></p> 77 78 <p>If a path is given starting with a slash, a directory path will be 79 constructed using that path, plus the username specified. Given this 80 configuration:</p> 81 82 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">UserDir /var/html</pre> 83 84 85 <p>the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code> will be 86 translated to the file path <code>/var/html/rbowen/file.html</code></p> 87 88 <p>If a path is provided which contains an asterisk (*), a path is used 89 in which the asterisk is replaced with the username. Given this 90 configuration:</p> 91 92 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">UserDir /var/www/*/docs</pre> 93 94 95 <p>the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code> will be 96 translated to the file path 97 <code>/var/www/rbowen/docs/file.html</code></p> 98 99 <p>Multiple directories or directory paths can also be set.</p> 100 101 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">UserDir public_html /var/html</pre> 102 103 104 <p>For the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code>, 105 Apache will search for <code>~rbowen</code>. If it isn't found, 106 Apache will search for <code>rbowen</code> in <code>/var/html</code>. If 107 found, the above URL will then be translated to the file path 108 <code>/var/html/rbowen/file.html</code></p> 109 110 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="/images/up.gif" /></a></div> 111<div class="section"> 112<h2><a name="redirect" id="redirect">Redirecting to external URLs</a></h2> 113 114 <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> directive can be 115 used to redirect user directory requests to external URLs.</p> 116 117 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">UserDir http://example.org/users/*/</pre> 118 119 120 <p>The above example will redirect a request for 121 <code>http://example.com/~bob/abc.html</code> to 122 <code>http://example.org/users/bob/abc.html</code>.</p> 123 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="/images/up.gif" /></a></div> 124<div class="section"> 125<h2><a name="enable" id="enable">Restricting what users are permitted to use this 126 feature</a></h2> 127 128 129 <p>Using the syntax shown in the UserDir documentation, you can restrict 130 what users are permitted to use this functionality:</p> 131 132 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">UserDir disabled root jro fish</pre> 133 134 135 <p>The configuration above will enable the feature for all users 136 except for those listed in the <code>disabled</code> statement. 137 You can, likewise, disable the feature for all but a few users by 138 using a configuration like the following:</p> 139 140 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> UserDir disabled<br /> 141 UserDir enabled rbowen krietz</pre> 142 143 144 <p>See <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> 145 documentation for additional examples.</p> 146 147 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="/images/up.gif" /></a></div> 148<div class="section"> 149<h2><a name="cgi" id="cgi">Enabling a cgi directory for each user</a></h2> 150 151 152 <p>In order to give each user their own cgi-bin directory, you can use 153 a <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> 154 directive to make a particular subdirectory of a user's home directory 155 cgi-enabled.</p> 156 157 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config"><Directory /home/*/public_html/cgi-bin/> 158 Options ExecCGI 159 SetHandler cgi-script 160</Directory></pre> 161 162 163 <p>Then, presuming that <code>UserDir</code> is set to 164 <code>public_html</code>, a cgi program <code>example.cgi</code> 165 could be loaded from that directory as:</p> 166 167 <div class="example"><p><code> 168 http://example.com/~rbowen/cgi-bin/example.cgi 169 </code></p></div> 170 171 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="/images/up.gif" /></a></div> 172<div class="section"> 173<h2><a name="htaccess" id="htaccess">Allowing users to alter configuration</a></h2> 174 175 176 <p>If you want to allows users to modify the server configuration in 177 their web space, they will need to use <code>.htaccess</code> files to 178 make these changed. Ensure that you have set <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code> to a 179 value sufficient for the directives that you want to permit the users 180 to modify. See the <a href="htaccess.html">.htaccess tutorial</a> for 181 additional details on how this works.</p> 182 183 </div></div> 184<div class="bottomlang"> 185<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="/en/howto/public_html.html" title="English"> en </a> | 186<a href="/fr/howto/public_html.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Fran�ais"> fr </a> | 187<a href="/ja/howto/public_html.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> | 188<a href="/ko/howto/public_html.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> | 189<a href="/tr/howto/public_html.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="T�rk�e"> tr </a></p> 190</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="/images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">Comments</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&A section. 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