1/*
2 *
3 * (C) Copyright IBM Corp. 1998-2007 - All Rights Reserved
4 *
5 * This file is a modification of the ICU file IndicReordering.cpp
6 * by Jens Herden and Javier Sola for Khmer language
7 *
8 */
9
10#include "LETypes.h"
11#include "OpenTypeTables.h"
12#include "KhmerReordering.h"
13#include "LEGlyphStorage.h"
14
15
16U_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
17
18// Characters that get refered to by name...
19enum
20{
21    C_SIGN_ZWNJ     = 0x200C,
22    C_SIGN_ZWJ      = 0x200D,
23    C_DOTTED_CIRCLE = 0x25CC,
24    C_RO            = 0x179A,
25    C_VOWEL_AA      = 0x17B6,
26    C_SIGN_NIKAHIT  = 0x17C6,
27    C_VOWEL_E       = 0x17C1,
28    C_COENG         = 0x17D2
29};
30
31
32enum
33{
34    // simple classes, they are used in the statetable (in this file) to control the length of a syllable
35    // they are also used to know where a character should be placed (location in reference to the base character)
36    // and also to know if a character, when independtly displayed, should be displayed with a dotted-circle to
37    // indicate error in syllable construction
38    _xx = KhmerClassTable::CC_RESERVED,
39    _sa = KhmerClassTable::CC_SIGN_ABOVE | KhmerClassTable::CF_DOTTED_CIRCLE | KhmerClassTable::CF_POS_ABOVE,
40    _sp = KhmerClassTable::CC_SIGN_AFTER | KhmerClassTable::CF_DOTTED_CIRCLE| KhmerClassTable::CF_POS_AFTER,
41    _c1 = KhmerClassTable::CC_CONSONANT | KhmerClassTable::CF_CONSONANT,
42    _c2 = KhmerClassTable::CC_CONSONANT2 | KhmerClassTable::CF_CONSONANT,
43    _c3 = KhmerClassTable::CC_CONSONANT3 | KhmerClassTable::CF_CONSONANT,
44    _rb = KhmerClassTable::CC_ROBAT | KhmerClassTable::CF_POS_ABOVE | KhmerClassTable::CF_DOTTED_CIRCLE,
45    _cs = KhmerClassTable::CC_CONSONANT_SHIFTER | KhmerClassTable::CF_DOTTED_CIRCLE | KhmerClassTable::CF_SHIFTER,
46    _dl = KhmerClassTable::CC_DEPENDENT_VOWEL | KhmerClassTable::CF_POS_BEFORE | KhmerClassTable::CF_DOTTED_CIRCLE,
47    _db = KhmerClassTable::CC_DEPENDENT_VOWEL | KhmerClassTable::CF_POS_BELOW | KhmerClassTable::CF_DOTTED_CIRCLE,
48    _da = KhmerClassTable::CC_DEPENDENT_VOWEL | KhmerClassTable::CF_POS_ABOVE | KhmerClassTable::CF_DOTTED_CIRCLE | KhmerClassTable::CF_ABOVE_VOWEL,
49    _dr = KhmerClassTable::CC_DEPENDENT_VOWEL | KhmerClassTable::CF_POS_AFTER | KhmerClassTable::CF_DOTTED_CIRCLE,
50    _co = KhmerClassTable::CC_COENG | KhmerClassTable::CF_COENG | KhmerClassTable::CF_DOTTED_CIRCLE,
51
52    // split vowel
53    _va = _da | KhmerClassTable::CF_SPLIT_VOWEL,
54    _vr = _dr | KhmerClassTable::CF_SPLIT_VOWEL
55};
56
57
58// Character class tables
59// _xx character does not combine into syllable, such as numbers, puntuation marks, non-Khmer signs...
60// _sa Sign placed above the base
61// _sp Sign placed after the base
62// _c1 Consonant of type 1 or independent vowel (independent vowels behave as type 1 consonants)
63// _c2 Consonant of type 2 (only RO)
64// _c3 Consonant of type 3
65// _rb Khmer sign robat u17CC. combining mark for subscript consonants
66// _cd Consonant-shifter
67// _dl Dependent vowel placed before the base (left of the base)
68// _db Dependent vowel placed below the base
69// _da Dependent vowel placed above the base
70// _dr Dependent vowel placed behind the base (right of the base)
71// _co Khmer combining mark COENG u17D2, combines with the consonant or independent vowel following
72//     it to create a subscript consonant or independent vowel
73// _va Khmer split vowel in wich the first part is before the base and the second one above the base
74// _vr Khmer split vowel in wich the first part is before the base and the second one behind (right of) the base
75
76static const KhmerClassTable::CharClass khmerCharClasses[] =
77{
78    _c1, _c1, _c1, _c3, _c1, _c1, _c1, _c1, _c3, _c1, _c1, _c1, _c1, _c3, _c1, _c1, // 1780 - 178F
79    _c1, _c1, _c1, _c1, _c3, _c1, _c1, _c1, _c1, _c3, _c2, _c1, _c1, _c1, _c3, _c3, // 1790 - 179F
80    _c1, _c3, _c1, _c1, _c1, _c1, _c1, _c1, _c1, _c1, _c1, _c1, _c1, _c1, _c1, _c1, // 17A0 - 17AF
81    _c1, _c1, _c1, _c1, _dr, _dr, _dr, _da, _da, _da, _da, _db, _db, _db, _va, _vr, // 17B0 - 17BF
82    _vr, _dl, _dl, _dl, _vr, _vr, _sa, _sp, _sp, _cs, _cs, _sa, _rb, _sa, _sa, _sa, // 17C0 - 17CF
83    _sa, _sa, _co, _sa, _xx, _xx, _xx, _xx, _xx, _xx, _xx, _xx, _xx, _sa, _xx, _xx, // 17D0 - 17DF
84};
85
86
87//
88// Khmer Class Tables
89//
90
91//
92// The range of characters defined in the above table is defined here. FOr Khmer 1780 to 17DF
93// Even if the Khmer range is bigger, all other characters are not combinable, and therefore treated
94// as _xx
95static const KhmerClassTable khmerClassTable = {0x1780, 0x17df, khmerCharClasses};
96
97
98// Below we define how a character in the input string is either in the khmerCharClasses table
99// (in which case we get its type back), a ZWJ or ZWNJ (two characters that may appear
100// within the syllable, but are not in the table) we also get their type back, or an unknown object
101// in which case we get _xx (CC_RESERVED) back
102KhmerClassTable::CharClass KhmerClassTable::getCharClass(LEUnicode ch) const
103{
104
105    if (ch == C_SIGN_ZWJ) {
106        return CC_ZERO_WIDTH_J_MARK;
107    }
108
109    if (ch == C_SIGN_ZWNJ) {
110        return CC_ZERO_WIDTH_NJ_MARK;
111    }
112
113    if (ch < firstChar || ch > lastChar) {
114        return CC_RESERVED;
115    }
116
117    return classTable[ch - firstChar];
118}
119
120const KhmerClassTable *KhmerClassTable::getKhmerClassTable()
121{
122    return &khmerClassTable;
123}
124
125
126
127class KhmerReorderingOutput : public UMemory {
128private:
129    le_int32 fSyllableCount;
130    le_int32 fOutIndex;
131    LEUnicode *fOutChars;
132
133    LEGlyphStorage &fGlyphStorage;
134
135
136public:
137    KhmerReorderingOutput(LEUnicode *outChars, LEGlyphStorage &glyphStorage)
138        : fSyllableCount(0), fOutIndex(0), fOutChars(outChars), fGlyphStorage(glyphStorage)
139    {
140        // nothing else to do...
141    }
142
143    ~KhmerReorderingOutput()
144    {
145        // nothing to do here...
146    }
147
148    void reset()
149    {
150        fSyllableCount += 1;
151    }
152
153    void writeChar(LEUnicode ch, le_uint32 charIndex, FeatureMask charFeatures)
154    {
155        LEErrorCode success = LE_NO_ERROR;
156
157        fOutChars[fOutIndex] = ch;
158
159        fGlyphStorage.setCharIndex(fOutIndex, charIndex, success);
160        fGlyphStorage.setAuxData(fOutIndex, charFeatures | (fSyllableCount & LE_GLYPH_GROUP_MASK), success);
161
162        fOutIndex += 1;
163    }
164
165    le_int32 getOutputIndex()
166    {
167        return fOutIndex;
168    }
169};
170
171
172#define blwfFeatureTag LE_BLWF_FEATURE_TAG
173#define pstfFeatureTag LE_PSTF_FEATURE_TAG
174#define presFeatureTag LE_PRES_FEATURE_TAG
175#define blwsFeatureTag LE_BLWS_FEATURE_TAG
176#define abvsFeatureTag LE_ABVS_FEATURE_TAG
177#define pstsFeatureTag LE_PSTS_FEATURE_TAG
178
179#define blwmFeatureTag LE_BLWM_FEATURE_TAG
180#define abvmFeatureTag LE_ABVM_FEATURE_TAG
181#define distFeatureTag LE_DIST_FEATURE_TAG
182
183#define prefFeatureTag LE_PREF_FEATURE_TAG
184#define abvfFeatureTag LE_ABVF_FEATURE_TAG
185#define cligFeatureTag LE_CLIG_FEATURE_TAG
186#define mkmkFeatureTag LE_MKMK_FEATURE_TAG
187
188#define prefFeatureMask 0x80000000UL
189#define blwfFeatureMask 0x40000000UL
190#define abvfFeatureMask 0x20000000UL
191#define pstfFeatureMask 0x10000000UL
192#define presFeatureMask 0x08000000UL
193#define blwsFeatureMask 0x04000000UL
194#define abvsFeatureMask 0x02000000UL
195#define pstsFeatureMask 0x01000000UL
196#define cligFeatureMask 0x00800000UL
197#define distFeatureMask 0x00400000UL
198#define blwmFeatureMask 0x00200000UL
199#define abvmFeatureMask 0x00100000UL
200#define mkmkFeatureMask 0x00080000UL
201
202#define tagPref    (prefFeatureMask | presFeatureMask | cligFeatureMask | distFeatureMask)
203#define tagAbvf    (abvfFeatureMask | abvsFeatureMask | cligFeatureMask | distFeatureMask | abvmFeatureMask | mkmkFeatureMask)
204#define tagPstf    (blwfFeatureMask | blwsFeatureMask | prefFeatureMask | presFeatureMask | pstfFeatureMask | pstsFeatureMask | cligFeatureMask | distFeatureMask | blwmFeatureMask)
205#define tagBlwf    (blwfFeatureMask | blwsFeatureMask | cligFeatureMask | distFeatureMask | blwmFeatureMask | mkmkFeatureMask)
206#define tagDefault (prefFeatureMask | blwfFeatureMask | presFeatureMask | blwsFeatureMask | cligFeatureMask | distFeatureMask | abvmFeatureMask | blwmFeatureMask | mkmkFeatureMask)
207
208
209
210// These are in the order in which the features need to be applied
211// for correct processing
212static const FeatureMap featureMap[] =
213{
214    // Shaping features
215    {prefFeatureTag, prefFeatureMask},
216    {blwfFeatureTag, blwfFeatureMask},
217    {abvfFeatureTag, abvfFeatureMask},
218    {pstfFeatureTag, pstfFeatureMask},
219    {presFeatureTag, presFeatureMask},
220    {blwsFeatureTag, blwsFeatureMask},
221    {abvsFeatureTag, abvsFeatureMask},
222    {pstsFeatureTag, pstsFeatureMask},
223    {cligFeatureTag, cligFeatureMask},
224
225    // Positioning features
226    {distFeatureTag, distFeatureMask},
227    {blwmFeatureTag, blwmFeatureMask},
228    {abvmFeatureTag, abvmFeatureMask},
229    {mkmkFeatureTag, mkmkFeatureMask},
230};
231
232static const le_int32 featureMapCount = LE_ARRAY_SIZE(featureMap);
233
234// The stateTable is used to calculate the end (the length) of a well
235// formed Khmer Syllable.
236//
237// Each horizontal line is ordered exactly the same way as the values in KhmerClassTable
238// CharClassValues in KhmerReordering.h This coincidence of values allows the
239// follow up of the table.
240//
241// Each line corresponds to a state, which does not necessarily need to be a type
242// of component... for example, state 2 is a base, with is always a first character
243// in the syllable, but the state could be produced a consonant of any type when
244// it is the first character that is analysed (in ground state).
245//
246// Differentiating 3 types of consonants is necessary in order to
247// forbid the use of certain combinations, such as having a second
248// coeng after a coeng RO,
249// The inexistent possibility of having a type 3 after another type 3 is permitted,
250// eliminating it would very much complicate the table, and it does not create typing
251// problems, as the case above.
252//
253// The table is quite complex, in order to limit the number of coeng consonants
254// to 2 (by means of the table).
255//
256// There a peculiarity, as far as Unicode is concerned:
257// - The consonant-shifter is considered in two possible different
258//   locations, the one considered in Unicode 3.0 and the one considered in
259//   Unicode 4.0. (there is a backwards compatibility problem in this standard).
260
261
262// xx    independent character, such as a number, punctuation sign or non-khmer char
263//
264// c1    Khmer consonant of type 1 or an independent vowel
265//       that is, a letter in which the subscript for is only under the
266//       base, not taking any space to the right or to the left
267//
268// c2    Khmer consonant of type 2, the coeng form takes space under
269//       and to the left of the base (only RO is of this type)
270//
271// c3    Khmer consonant of type 3. Its subscript form takes space under
272//       and to the right of the base.
273//
274// cs    Khmer consonant shifter
275//
276// rb    Khmer robat
277//
278// co    coeng character (u17D2)
279//
280// dv    dependent vowel (including split vowels, they are treated in the same way).
281//       even if dv is not defined above, the component that is really tested for is
282//       KhmerClassTable::CC_DEPENDENT_VOWEL, which is common to all dependent vowels
283//
284// zwj   Zero Width joiner
285//
286// zwnj  Zero width non joiner
287//
288// sa    above sign
289//
290// sp    post sign
291//
292// there are lines with equal content but for an easier understanding
293// (and maybe change in the future) we did not join them
294//
295static const le_int8 khmerStateTable[][KhmerClassTable::CC_COUNT] =
296{
297
298//   xx  c1  c2  c3 zwnj cs  rb  co  dv  sa  sp zwj
299    { 1,  2,  2,  2,  1,  1,  1,  6,  1,  1,  1,  2}, //  0 - ground state
300    {-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1}, //  1 - exit state (or sign to the right of the syllable)
301    {-1, -1, -1, -1,  3,  4,  5,  6, 16, 17,  1, -1}, //  2 - Base consonant
302    {-1, -1, -1, -1, -1,  4, -1, -1, 16, -1, -1, -1}, //  3 - First ZWNJ before a register shifter
303                                                      //      It can only be followed by a shifter or a vowel
304    {-1, -1, -1, -1, 15, -1, -1,  6, 16, 17,  1, 14}, //  4 - First register shifter
305    {-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 20, -1,  1, -1}, //  5 - Robat
306    {-1,  7,  8,  9, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1}, //  6 - First Coeng
307    {-1, -1, -1, -1, 12, 13, -1, 10, 16, 17,  1, 14}, //  7 - First consonant of type 1 after coeng
308    {-1, -1, -1, -1, 12, 13, -1, -1, 16, 17,  1, 14}, //  8 - First consonant of type 2 after coeng
309    {-1, -1, -1, -1, 12, 13, -1, 10, 16, 17,  1, 14}, //  9 - First consonant or type 3 after ceong
310    {-1, 11, 11, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1}, // 10 - Second Coeng (no register shifter before)
311    {-1, -1, -1, -1, 15, -1, -1, -1, 16, 17,  1, 14}, // 11 - Second coeng consonant (or ind. vowel) no register shifter before
312    {-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 13, -1, -1, 16, -1, -1, -1}, // 12 - Second ZWNJ before a register shifter
313    {-1, -1, -1, -1, 15, -1, -1, -1, 16, 17,  1, 14}, // 13 - Second register shifter
314    {-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 16, -1, -1, -1}, // 14 - ZWJ before vowel
315    {-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 16, -1, -1, -1}, // 15 - ZWNJ before vowel
316    {-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 17,  1, 18}, // 16 - dependent vowel
317    {-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,  1, 18}, // 17 - sign above
318    {-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 19, -1, -1, -1, -1}, // 18 - ZWJ after vowel
319    {-1,  1, -1,  1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1}, // 19 - Third coeng
320    {-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,  1, -1}, // 20 - dependent vowel after a Robat
321
322};
323
324
325const FeatureMap *KhmerReordering::getFeatureMap(le_int32 &count)
326{
327    count = featureMapCount;
328
329    return featureMap;
330}
331
332
333// Given an input string of characters and a location in which to start looking
334// calculate, using the state table, which one is the last character of the syllable
335// that starts in the starting position.
336le_int32 KhmerReordering::findSyllable(const KhmerClassTable *classTable, const LEUnicode *chars, le_int32 prev, le_int32 charCount)
337{
338    le_int32 cursor = prev;
339    le_int8 state = 0;
340
341    while (cursor < charCount) {
342        KhmerClassTable::CharClass charClass = (classTable->getCharClass(chars[cursor]) & KhmerClassTable::CF_CLASS_MASK);
343
344        state = khmerStateTable[state][charClass];
345
346        if (state < 0) {
347            break;
348        }
349
350        cursor += 1;
351    }
352
353    return cursor;
354}
355
356
357// This is the real reordering function as applied to the Khmer language
358
359le_int32 KhmerReordering::reorder(const LEUnicode *chars, le_int32 charCount, le_int32 /*scriptCode*/,
360                                  LEUnicode *outChars, LEGlyphStorage &glyphStorage)
361{
362    const KhmerClassTable *classTable = KhmerClassTable::getKhmerClassTable();
363
364    KhmerReorderingOutput output(outChars, glyphStorage);
365    KhmerClassTable::CharClass charClass;
366    le_int32 i, prev = 0, coengRo;
367
368
369    // This loop only exits when we reach the end of a run, which may contain
370    // several syllables.
371    while (prev < charCount) {
372        le_int32 syllable = findSyllable(classTable, chars, prev, charCount);
373
374        output.reset();
375
376        // write a pre vowel or the pre part of a split vowel first
377        // and look out for coeng + ro. RO is the only vowel of type 2, and
378        // therefore the only one that requires saving space before the base.
379        coengRo = -1;  // There is no Coeng Ro, if found this value will change
380        for (i = prev; i < syllable; i += 1) {
381            charClass = classTable->getCharClass(chars[i]);
382
383            // if a split vowel, write the pre part. In Khmer the pre part
384            // is the same for all split vowels, same glyph as pre vowel C_VOWEL_E
385            if (charClass & KhmerClassTable::CF_SPLIT_VOWEL) {
386                output.writeChar(C_VOWEL_E, i, tagPref);
387                break; // there can be only one vowel
388            }
389
390            // if a vowel with pos before write it out
391            if (charClass & KhmerClassTable::CF_POS_BEFORE) {
392                output.writeChar(chars[i], i, tagPref);
393                break; // there can be only one vowel
394            }
395
396            // look for coeng + ro and remember position
397            // works because coeng + ro is always in front of a vowel (if there is a vowel)
398            // and because CC_CONSONANT2 is enough to identify it, as it is the only consonant
399            // with this flag
400            if ( (charClass & KhmerClassTable::CF_COENG) && (i + 1 < syllable) &&
401                 ( (classTable->getCharClass(chars[i + 1]) & KhmerClassTable::CF_CLASS_MASK) == KhmerClassTable::CC_CONSONANT2) )
402            {
403                    coengRo = i;
404            }
405        }
406
407        // write coeng + ro if found
408        if (coengRo > -1) {
409            output.writeChar(C_COENG, coengRo, tagPref);
410            output.writeChar(C_RO, coengRo + 1, tagPref);
411        }
412
413        // shall we add a dotted circle?
414        // If in the position in which the base should be (first char in the string) there is
415        // a character that has the Dotted circle flag (a character that cannot be a base)
416        // then write a dotted circle
417        if (classTable->getCharClass(chars[prev]) & KhmerClassTable::CF_DOTTED_CIRCLE) {
418            output.writeChar(C_DOTTED_CIRCLE, prev, tagDefault);
419        }
420
421        // copy what is left to the output, skipping before vowels and coeng Ro if they are present
422        for (i = prev; i < syllable; i += 1) {
423            charClass = classTable->getCharClass(chars[i]);
424
425            // skip a before vowel, it was already processed
426            if (charClass & KhmerClassTable::CF_POS_BEFORE) {
427                continue;
428            }
429
430            // skip coeng + ro, it was already processed
431            if (i == coengRo) {
432                i += 1;
433                continue;
434            }
435
436            switch (charClass & KhmerClassTable::CF_POS_MASK) {
437                case KhmerClassTable::CF_POS_ABOVE :
438                    output.writeChar(chars[i], i, tagAbvf);
439                    break;
440
441                case KhmerClassTable::CF_POS_AFTER :
442                    output.writeChar(chars[i], i, tagPstf);
443                    break;
444
445                case KhmerClassTable::CF_POS_BELOW :
446                    output.writeChar(chars[i], i, tagBlwf);
447                    break;
448
449                default:
450                    // assign the correct flags to a coeng consonant
451                    // Consonants of type 3 are taged as Post forms and those type 1 as below forms
452                    if ( (charClass & KhmerClassTable::CF_COENG) && i + 1 < syllable ) {
453                        if ( (classTable->getCharClass(chars[i + 1]) & KhmerClassTable::CF_CLASS_MASK)
454                              == KhmerClassTable::CC_CONSONANT3) {
455                            output.writeChar(chars[i], i, tagPstf);
456                            i += 1;
457                            output.writeChar(chars[i], i, tagPstf);
458                        }
459                        else {
460                            output.writeChar(chars[i], i, tagBlwf);
461                            i += 1;
462                            output.writeChar(chars[i], i, tagBlwf);
463                        }
464                        break;
465                    }
466                    // if a shifter is followed by an above vowel change the shifter to below form,
467                    // an above vowel can have two possible positions i + 1 or i + 3
468                    // (position i+1 corresponds to unicode 3, position i+3 to Unicode 4)
469                    // and there is an extra rule for C_VOWEL_AA + C_SIGN_NIKAHIT also for two
470                    // different positions, right after the shifter or after a vowel (Unicode 4)
471                    if ( (charClass & KhmerClassTable::CF_SHIFTER) && (i + 1 < syllable) ) {
472                        if ((classTable->getCharClass(chars[i + 1]) & KhmerClassTable::CF_ABOVE_VOWEL)
473                            || (i + 2 < syllable
474                                && ( (classTable->getCharClass(chars[i + 1]) & KhmerClassTable::CF_CLASS_MASK) == C_VOWEL_AA)
475                                && ( (classTable->getCharClass(chars[i + 2]) & KhmerClassTable::CF_CLASS_MASK) == C_SIGN_NIKAHIT))
476                            || (i + 3 < syllable && (classTable->getCharClass(chars[i + 3]) & KhmerClassTable::CF_ABOVE_VOWEL))
477                            || (i + 4 < syllable
478                                && ( (classTable->getCharClass(chars[i + 3]) & KhmerClassTable::CF_CLASS_MASK) == C_VOWEL_AA)
479                                && ( (classTable->getCharClass(chars[i + 4]) & KhmerClassTable::CF_CLASS_MASK) == C_SIGN_NIKAHIT) ) )
480                        {
481                            output.writeChar(chars[i], i, tagBlwf);
482                            break;
483                        }
484
485                    }
486                    // default - any other characters
487                    output.writeChar(chars[i], i, tagDefault);
488                    break;
489            } // switch
490        } // for
491
492        prev = syllable; // move the pointer to the start of next syllable
493    }
494
495    return output.getOutputIndex();
496}
497
498
499U_NAMESPACE_END
500