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@(#)hier.7 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93
.Dd July 23, 2007 .Dt HIER 7 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm hier .Nd layout of filesystems .Sh DESCRIPTION A historical sketch of the filesystem hierarchy. The modern OS X filesystem is documented in the .Dq File System Programming Guide available on Apple Developer. l -tag -width "/mach_kernel" t Li / root directory of the filesystem t Li /bin/ user utilities fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments t Li /dev/ block and character device files
p l -tag -width "fd/" -compact t Li fd/ file descriptor files; see .Xr fd 4 .El t Li /etc/ system configuration files and scripts t Li /mach_kernel kernel executable (the operating system loaded into memory at boot time). t Li /sbin/ system programs and administration utilities fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments t Li /tmp/ temporary files t Li /usr/ contains the majority of user utilities and applications
p l -tag -width "libexec/" -compact t Li bin/ common utilities, programming tools, and applications t Li include/ standard C include files
p l -tag -width "protocols/" -compact t Li arpa/ C include files for Internet service protocols t Li hfs/ C include files for HFS t Li machine/ machine specific C include files t Li net/ misc network C include files t Li netinet/ C include files for Internet standard protocols; see .Xr inet 4 t Li nfs/ C include files for NFS (Network File System) t Li objc/ C include files for Objective-C t Li protocols/ C include files for Berkeley service protocols t Li sys/ system C include files (kernel data structures) t Li ufs/ C include files for UFS .El
p t Li lib/ archive libraries t Li libexec/ system daemons & system utilities (executed by other programs) t Li local/ executables, libraries, etc. not included by the basic operating system t Li sbin/ system daemons & system utilities (executed by users) t Li share/ architecture-independent data files
p l -tag -width "calendar/" -compact t Li calendar/ a variety of pre-fab calendar files; see .Xr calendar 1 t Li dict/ word lists; see .Xr look 1
p l -tag -width Fl -compact t Li web2 words from Webster's 2nd International t Li words common words .El
p t Li man/ manual pages t Li misc/ misc system-wide ascii text files t Li mk/ templates for make; see .Xr make 1 t Li skel/ example . (dot) files for new accounts t Li tabset/ tab description files for a variety of terminals; used in the termcap file; see .Xr termcap 5 t Li zoneinfo/ timezone configuration information; see .Xr tzfile 5 .El .El t Li /var/ multi-purpose log, temporary, transient, and spool files
p l -tag -width "preserve/" -compact t Li at/ timed command scheduling files; see .Xr at 1 t Li backups/ misc. backup files t Li db/ misc. automatically generated system-specific database files t Li log/ misc. system log files
p t Li mail/ user mailbox files t Li run/ system information files describing various info about system since it was booted
p l -tag -width Fl -compact t Li utmpx database of current users; see .Xr utmpx 5 .El
p t Li rwho/ rwho data files; see .Xr rwhod 8 , .Xr rwho 1 , and .Xr ruptime 1 t Li spool/ misc. printer and mail system spooling directories
p l -tag -width Fl -compact t Li mqueue/ undelivered mail queue; see .Xr sendmail 8 .El
p t Li tmp/ temporary files that are kept between system reboots t Li folders/ per-user temporary files and caches .El .El .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr ls 1 , .Xr apropos 1 , .Xr whatis 1 , .Xr whereis 1 , .Xr finger 1 , .Xr which 1 , .Xr find 1 , .Xr grep 1 , .Xr fsck 8 .Sh HISTORY A .Nm hier manual page appeared in .At v7 .