1<!-- 2 - Copyright (C) 2004-2010 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC") 3 - Copyright (C) 2000-2003 Internet Software Consortium. 4 - 5 - Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any 6 - purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above 7 - copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. 8 - 9 - THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH 10 - REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY 11 - AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, 12 - INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM 13 - LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE 14 - OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR 15 - PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. 16--> 17<!-- $Id$ --> 18<html> 19<head> 20<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"> 21<title>dig</title> 22<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.71.1"> 23</head> 24<body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"> 25<a name="man.dig"></a><div class="titlepage"></div> 26<div class="refnamediv"> 27<h2>Name</h2> 28<p>dig — DNS lookup utility</p> 29</div> 30<div class="refsynopsisdiv"> 31<h2>Synopsis</h2> 32<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dig</code> [@server] [<code class="option">-b <em class="replaceable"><code>address</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-m</code>] [<code class="option">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port#</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-q <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>type</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-x <em class="replaceable"><code>addr</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-y <em class="replaceable"><code>[<span class="optional">hmac:</span>]name:key</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-4</code>] [<code class="option">-6</code>] [name] [type] [class] [queryopt...]</p></div> 33<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dig</code> [<code class="option">-h</code>]</p></div> 34<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dig</code> [global-queryopt...] [query...]</p></div> 35</div> 36<div class="refsect1" lang="en"> 37<a name="id2543524"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2> 38<p><span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> 39 (domain information groper) is a flexible tool 40 for interrogating DNS name servers. It performs DNS lookups and 41 displays the answers that are returned from the name server(s) that 42 were queried. Most DNS administrators use <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> to 43 troubleshoot DNS problems because of its flexibility, ease of use and 44 clarity of output. Other lookup tools tend to have less functionality 45 than <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>. 46 </p> 47<p> 48 Although <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> is normally used with 49 command-line 50 arguments, it also has a batch mode of operation for reading lookup 51 requests from a file. A brief summary of its command-line arguments 52 and options is printed when the <code class="option">-h</code> option is given. 53 Unlike earlier versions, the BIND 9 implementation of 54 <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> allows multiple lookups to be issued 55 from the 56 command line. 57 </p> 58<p> 59 Unless it is told to query a specific name server, 60 <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> will try each of the servers listed 61 in 62 <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>. 63 </p> 64<p> 65 When no command line arguments or options are given, 66 <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> will perform an NS query for "." (the root). 67 </p> 68<p> 69 It is possible to set per-user defaults for <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> via 70 <code class="filename">${HOME}/.digrc</code>. This file is read and 71 any options in it 72 are applied before the command line arguments. 73 </p> 74<p> 75 The IN and CH class names overlap with the IN and CH top level 76 domains names. Either use the <code class="option">-t</code> and 77 <code class="option">-c</code> options to specify the type and class, 78 use the <code class="option">-q</code> the specify the domain name, or 79 use "IN." and "CH." when looking up these top level domains. 80 </p> 81</div> 82<div class="refsect1" lang="en"> 83<a name="id2543597"></a><h2>SIMPLE USAGE</h2> 84<p> 85 A typical invocation of <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> looks like: 86 </p> 87<pre class="programlisting"> dig @server name type </pre> 88<p> 89 where: 90 91 </p> 92<div class="variablelist"><dl> 93<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">server</code></span></dt> 94<dd><p> 95 is the name or IP address of the name server to query. This can 96 be an IPv4 97 address in dotted-decimal notation or an IPv6 98 address in colon-delimited notation. When the supplied 99 <em class="parameter"><code>server</code></em> argument is a 100 hostname, 101 <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> resolves that name before 102 querying that name 103 server. If no <em class="parameter"><code>server</code></em> 104 argument is provided, 105 <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> consults <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code> 106 and queries the name servers listed there. The reply from the 107 name 108 server that responds is displayed. 109 </p></dd> 110<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">name</code></span></dt> 111<dd><p> 112 is the name of the resource record that is to be looked up. 113 </p></dd> 114<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">type</code></span></dt> 115<dd><p> 116 indicates what type of query is required — 117 ANY, A, MX, SIG, etc. 118 <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> can be any valid query 119 type. If no 120 <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> argument is supplied, 121 <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> will perform a lookup for an 122 A record. 123 </p></dd> 124</dl></div> 125<p> 126 </p> 127</div> 128<div class="refsect1" lang="en"> 129<a name="id2543688"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2> 130<p> 131 The <code class="option">-b</code> option sets the source IP address of the query 132 to <em class="parameter"><code>address</code></em>. This must be a valid 133 address on 134 one of the host's network interfaces or "0.0.0.0" or "::". An optional 135 port 136 may be specified by appending "#<port>" 137 </p> 138<p> 139 The default query class (IN for internet) is overridden by the 140 <code class="option">-c</code> option. <em class="parameter"><code>class</code></em> is 141 any valid 142 class, such as HS for Hesiod records or CH for Chaosnet records. 143 </p> 144<p> 145 The <code class="option">-f</code> option makes <span><strong class="command">dig </strong></span> 146 operate 147 in batch mode by reading a list of lookup requests to process from the 148 file <em class="parameter"><code>filename</code></em>. The file contains a 149 number of 150 queries, one per line. Each entry in the file should be organized in 151 the same way they would be presented as queries to 152 <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> using the command-line interface. 153 </p> 154<p> 155 The <code class="option">-m</code> option enables memory usage debugging. 156 157 </p> 158<p> 159 If a non-standard port number is to be queried, the 160 <code class="option">-p</code> option is used. <em class="parameter"><code>port#</code></em> is 161 the port number that <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> will send its 162 queries 163 instead of the standard DNS port number 53. This option would be used 164 to test a name server that has been configured to listen for queries 165 on a non-standard port number. 166 </p> 167<p> 168 The <code class="option">-4</code> option forces <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> 169 to only 170 use IPv4 query transport. The <code class="option">-6</code> option forces 171 <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> to only use IPv6 query transport. 172 </p> 173<p> 174 The <code class="option">-t</code> option sets the query type to 175 <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em>. It can be any valid query type 176 which is 177 supported in BIND 9. The default query type is "A", unless the 178 <code class="option">-x</code> option is supplied to indicate a reverse lookup. 179 A zone transfer can be requested by specifying a type of AXFR. When 180 an incremental zone transfer (IXFR) is required, 181 <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> is set to <code class="literal">ixfr=N</code>. 182 The incremental zone transfer will contain the changes made to the zone 183 since the serial number in the zone's SOA record was 184 <em class="parameter"><code>N</code></em>. 185 </p> 186<p> 187 The <code class="option">-q</code> option sets the query name to 188 <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em>. This useful do distinguish the 189 <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> from other arguments. 190 </p> 191<p> 192 Reverse lookups — mapping addresses to names — are simplified by the 193 <code class="option">-x</code> option. <em class="parameter"><code>addr</code></em> is 194 an IPv4 195 address in dotted-decimal notation, or a colon-delimited IPv6 address. 196 When this option is used, there is no need to provide the 197 <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em>, <em class="parameter"><code>class</code></em> and 198 <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> arguments. <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> 199 automatically performs a lookup for a name like 200 <code class="literal">11.12.13.10.in-addr.arpa</code> and sets the 201 query type and 202 class to PTR and IN respectively. By default, IPv6 addresses are 203 looked up using nibble format under the IP6.ARPA domain. 204 To use the older RFC1886 method using the IP6.INT domain 205 specify the <code class="option">-i</code> option. Bit string labels (RFC2874) 206 are now experimental and are not attempted. 207 </p> 208<p> 209 To sign the DNS queries sent by <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> and 210 their 211 responses using transaction signatures (TSIG), specify a TSIG key file 212 using the <code class="option">-k</code> option. You can also specify the TSIG 213 key itself on the command line using the <code class="option">-y</code> option; 214 <em class="parameter"><code>hmac</code></em> is the type of the TSIG, default HMAC-MD5, 215 <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> is the name of the TSIG key and 216 <em class="parameter"><code>key</code></em> is the actual key. The key is a 217 base-64 218 encoded string, typically generated by 219 <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</span>(8)</span>. 220 221 Caution should be taken when using the <code class="option">-y</code> option on 222 multi-user systems as the key can be visible in the output from 223 <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">ps</span>(1)</span> 224 or in the shell's history file. When 225 using TSIG authentication with <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>, the name 226 server that is queried needs to know the key and algorithm that is 227 being used. In BIND, this is done by providing appropriate 228 <span><strong class="command">key</strong></span> and <span><strong class="command">server</strong></span> statements in 229 <code class="filename">named.conf</code>. 230 </p> 231</div> 232<div class="refsect1" lang="en"> 233<a name="id2544037"></a><h2>QUERY OPTIONS</h2> 234<p><span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> 235 provides a number of query options which affect 236 the way in which lookups are made and the results displayed. Some of 237 these set or reset flag bits in the query header, some determine which 238 sections of the answer get printed, and others determine the timeout 239 and retry strategies. 240 </p> 241<p> 242 Each query option is identified by a keyword preceded by a plus sign 243 (<code class="literal">+</code>). Some keywords set or reset an 244 option. These may be preceded 245 by the string <code class="literal">no</code> to negate the meaning of 246 that keyword. Other 247 keywords assign values to options like the timeout interval. They 248 have the form <code class="option">+keyword=value</code>. 249 The query options are: 250 251 </p> 252<div class="variablelist"><dl> 253<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]tcp</code></span></dt> 254<dd><p> 255 Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. The default 256 behavior is to use UDP unless an AXFR or IXFR query is 257 requested, in 258 which case a TCP connection is used. 259 </p></dd> 260<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]vc</code></span></dt> 261<dd><p> 262 Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. This alternate 263 syntax to <em class="parameter"><code>+[no]tcp</code></em> is 264 provided for backwards 265 compatibility. The "vc" stands for "virtual circuit". 266 </p></dd> 267<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]ignore</code></span></dt> 268<dd><p> 269 Ignore truncation in UDP responses instead of retrying with TCP. 270 By 271 default, TCP retries are performed. 272 </p></dd> 273<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+domain=somename</code></span></dt> 274<dd><p> 275 Set the search list to contain the single domain 276 <em class="parameter"><code>somename</code></em>, as if specified in 277 a 278 <span><strong class="command">domain</strong></span> directive in 279 <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>, and enable 280 search list 281 processing as if the <em class="parameter"><code>+search</code></em> 282 option were given. 283 </p></dd> 284<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]search</code></span></dt> 285<dd><p> 286 Use [do not use] the search list defined by the searchlist or 287 domain 288 directive in <code class="filename">resolv.conf</code> (if 289 any). 290 The search list is not used by default. 291 </p></dd> 292<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]showsearch</code></span></dt> 293<dd><p> 294 Perform [do not perform] a search showing intermediate 295 results. 296 </p></dd> 297<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]defname</code></span></dt> 298<dd><p> 299 Deprecated, treated as a synonym for <em class="parameter"><code>+[no]search</code></em> 300 </p></dd> 301<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]aaonly</code></span></dt> 302<dd><p> 303 Sets the "aa" flag in the query. 304 </p></dd> 305<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]aaflag</code></span></dt> 306<dd><p> 307 A synonym for <em class="parameter"><code>+[no]aaonly</code></em>. 308 </p></dd> 309<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]adflag</code></span></dt> 310<dd><p> 311 Set [do not set] the AD (authentic data) bit in the 312 query. This requests the server to return whether 313 all of the answer and authority sections have all 314 been validated as secure according to the security 315 policy of the server. AD=1 indicates that all records 316 have been validated as secure and the answer is not 317 from a OPT-OUT range. AD=0 indicate that some part 318 of the answer was insecure or not validated. 319 </p></dd> 320<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]cdflag</code></span></dt> 321<dd><p> 322 Set [do not set] the CD (checking disabled) bit in the query. 323 This 324 requests the server to not perform DNSSEC validation of 325 responses. 326 </p></dd> 327<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]cl</code></span></dt> 328<dd><p> 329 Display [do not display] the CLASS when printing the record. 330 </p></dd> 331<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]ttlid</code></span></dt> 332<dd><p> 333 Display [do not display] the TTL when printing the record. 334 </p></dd> 335<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]recurse</code></span></dt> 336<dd><p> 337 Toggle the setting of the RD (recursion desired) bit in the 338 query. 339 This bit is set by default, which means <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> 340 normally sends recursive queries. Recursion is automatically 341 disabled 342 when the <em class="parameter"><code>+nssearch</code></em> or 343 <em class="parameter"><code>+trace</code></em> query options are 344 used. 345 </p></dd> 346<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]nssearch</code></span></dt> 347<dd><p> 348 When this option is set, <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> 349 attempts to find the 350 authoritative name servers for the zone containing the name 351 being 352 looked up and display the SOA record that each name server has 353 for the 354 zone. 355 </p></dd> 356<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]trace</code></span></dt> 357<dd><p> 358 Toggle tracing of the delegation path from the root name servers 359 for 360 the name being looked up. Tracing is disabled by default. When 361 tracing is enabled, <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> makes 362 iterative queries to 363 resolve the name being looked up. It will follow referrals from 364 the 365 root servers, showing the answer from each server that was used 366 to 367 resolve the lookup. 368 </p></dd> 369<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]cmd</code></span></dt> 370<dd><p> 371 Toggles the printing of the initial comment in the output 372 identifying 373 the version of <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> and the query 374 options that have 375 been applied. This comment is printed by default. 376 </p></dd> 377<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]short</code></span></dt> 378<dd><p> 379 Provide a terse answer. The default is to print the answer in a 380 verbose form. 381 </p></dd> 382<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]identify</code></span></dt> 383<dd><p> 384 Show [or do not show] the IP address and port number that 385 supplied the 386 answer when the <em class="parameter"><code>+short</code></em> option 387 is enabled. If 388 short form answers are requested, the default is not to show the 389 source address and port number of the server that provided the 390 answer. 391 </p></dd> 392<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]comments</code></span></dt> 393<dd><p> 394 Toggle the display of comment lines in the output. The default 395 is to 396 print comments. 397 </p></dd> 398<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]stats</code></span></dt> 399<dd><p> 400 This query option toggles the printing of statistics: when the 401 query 402 was made, the size of the reply and so on. The default 403 behavior is 404 to print the query statistics. 405 </p></dd> 406<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]qr</code></span></dt> 407<dd><p> 408 Print [do not print] the query as it is sent. 409 By default, the query is not printed. 410 </p></dd> 411<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]question</code></span></dt> 412<dd><p> 413 Print [do not print] the question section of a query when an 414 answer is 415 returned. The default is to print the question section as a 416 comment. 417 </p></dd> 418<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]answer</code></span></dt> 419<dd><p> 420 Display [do not display] the answer section of a reply. The 421 default 422 is to display it. 423 </p></dd> 424<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]authority</code></span></dt> 425<dd><p> 426 Display [do not display] the authority section of a reply. The 427 default is to display it. 428 </p></dd> 429<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]additional</code></span></dt> 430<dd><p> 431 Display [do not display] the additional section of a reply. 432 The default is to display it. 433 </p></dd> 434<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]all</code></span></dt> 435<dd><p> 436 Set or clear all display flags. 437 </p></dd> 438<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+time=T</code></span></dt> 439<dd><p> 440 441 Sets the timeout for a query to 442 <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> seconds. The default 443 timeout is 5 seconds. 444 An attempt to set <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> to less 445 than 1 will result 446 in a query timeout of 1 second being applied. 447 </p></dd> 448<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+tries=T</code></span></dt> 449<dd><p> 450 Sets the number of times to try UDP queries to server to 451 <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> instead of the default, 3. 452 If 453 <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> is less than or equal to 454 zero, the number of 455 tries is silently rounded up to 1. 456 </p></dd> 457<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+retry=T</code></span></dt> 458<dd><p> 459 Sets the number of times to retry UDP queries to server to 460 <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> instead of the default, 2. 461 Unlike 462 <em class="parameter"><code>+tries</code></em>, this does not include 463 the initial 464 query. 465 </p></dd> 466<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+ndots=D</code></span></dt> 467<dd><p> 468 Set the number of dots that have to appear in 469 <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> to <em class="parameter"><code>D</code></em> for it to be 470 considered absolute. The default value is that defined using 471 the 472 ndots statement in <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>, or 1 if no 473 ndots statement is present. Names with fewer dots are 474 interpreted as 475 relative names and will be searched for in the domains listed in 476 the 477 <code class="option">search</code> or <code class="option">domain</code> directive in 478 <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>. 479 </p></dd> 480<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+bufsize=B</code></span></dt> 481<dd><p> 482 Set the UDP message buffer size advertised using EDNS0 to 483 <em class="parameter"><code>B</code></em> bytes. The maximum and minimum sizes 484 of this buffer are 65535 and 0 respectively. Values outside 485 this range are rounded up or down appropriately. 486 Values other than zero will cause a EDNS query to be sent. 487 </p></dd> 488<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+edns=#</code></span></dt> 489<dd><p> 490 Specify the EDNS version to query with. Valid values 491 are 0 to 255. Setting the EDNS version will cause a 492 EDNS query to be sent. <code class="option">+noedns</code> clears the 493 remembered EDNS version. 494 </p></dd> 495<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]multiline</code></span></dt> 496<dd><p> 497 Print records like the SOA records in a verbose multi-line 498 format with human-readable comments. The default is to print 499 each record on a single line, to facilitate machine parsing 500 of the <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> output. 501 </p></dd> 502<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]onesoa</code></span></dt> 503<dd><p> 504 Print only one (starting) SOA record when performing 505 an AXFR. The default is to print both the starting and 506 ending SOA records. 507 </p></dd> 508<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]fail</code></span></dt> 509<dd><p> 510 Do not try the next server if you receive a SERVFAIL. The 511 default is 512 to not try the next server which is the reverse of normal stub 513 resolver 514 behavior. 515 </p></dd> 516<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]besteffort</code></span></dt> 517<dd><p> 518 Attempt to display the contents of messages which are malformed. 519 The default is to not display malformed answers. 520 </p></dd> 521<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]dnssec</code></span></dt> 522<dd><p> 523 Requests DNSSEC records be sent by setting the DNSSEC OK bit 524 (DO) 525 in the OPT record in the additional section of the query. 526 </p></dd> 527<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]sigchase</code></span></dt> 528<dd><p> 529 Chase DNSSEC signature chains. Requires dig be compiled with 530 -DDIG_SIGCHASE. 531 </p></dd> 532<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+trusted-key=####</code></span></dt> 533<dd> 534<p> 535 Specifies a file containing trusted keys to be used with 536 <code class="option">+sigchase</code>. Each DNSKEY record must be 537 on its own line. 538 </p> 539<p> 540 If not specified, <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> will look for 541 <code class="filename">/etc/trusted-key.key</code> then 542 <code class="filename">trusted-key.key</code> in the current directory. 543 </p> 544<p> 545 Requires dig be compiled with -DDIG_SIGCHASE. 546 </p> 547</dd> 548<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]topdown</code></span></dt> 549<dd><p> 550 When chasing DNSSEC signature chains perform a top-down 551 validation. 552 Requires dig be compiled with -DDIG_SIGCHASE. 553 </p></dd> 554<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]nsid</code></span></dt> 555<dd><p> 556 Include an EDNS name server ID request when sending a query. 557 </p></dd> 558</dl></div> 559<p> 560 561 </p> 562</div> 563<div class="refsect1" lang="en"> 564<a name="id2545186"></a><h2>MULTIPLE QUERIES</h2> 565<p> 566 The BIND 9 implementation of <span><strong class="command">dig </strong></span> 567 supports 568 specifying multiple queries on the command line (in addition to 569 supporting the <code class="option">-f</code> batch file option). Each of those 570 queries can be supplied with its own set of flags, options and query 571 options. 572 </p> 573<p> 574 In this case, each <em class="parameter"><code>query</code></em> argument 575 represent an 576 individual query in the command-line syntax described above. Each 577 consists of any of the standard options and flags, the name to be 578 looked up, an optional query type and class and any query options that 579 should be applied to that query. 580 </p> 581<p> 582 A global set of query options, which should be applied to all queries, 583 can also be supplied. These global query options must precede the 584 first tuple of name, class, type, options, flags, and query options 585 supplied on the command line. Any global query options (except 586 the <code class="option">+[no]cmd</code> option) can be 587 overridden by a query-specific set of query options. For example: 588 </p> 589<pre class="programlisting"> 590dig +qr www.isc.org any -x 127.0.0.1 isc.org ns +noqr 591</pre> 592<p> 593 shows how <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> could be used from the 594 command line 595 to make three lookups: an ANY query for <code class="literal">www.isc.org</code>, a 596 reverse lookup of 127.0.0.1 and a query for the NS records of 597 <code class="literal">isc.org</code>. 598 599 A global query option of <em class="parameter"><code>+qr</code></em> is 600 applied, so 601 that <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> shows the initial query it made 602 for each 603 lookup. The final query has a local query option of 604 <em class="parameter"><code>+noqr</code></em> which means that <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> 605 will not print the initial query when it looks up the NS records for 606 <code class="literal">isc.org</code>. 607 </p> 608</div> 609<div class="refsect1" lang="en"> 610<a name="id2545248"></a><h2>IDN SUPPORT</h2> 611<p> 612 If <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> has been built with IDN (internationalized 613 domain name) support, it can accept and display non-ASCII domain names. 614 <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> appropriately converts character encoding of 615 domain name before sending a request to DNS server or displaying a 616 reply from the server. 617 If you'd like to turn off the IDN support for some reason, defines 618 the <code class="envar">IDN_DISABLE</code> environment variable. 619 The IDN support is disabled if the variable is set when 620 <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> runs. 621 </p> 622</div> 623<div class="refsect1" lang="en"> 624<a name="id2545338"></a><h2>FILES</h2> 625<p><code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code> 626 </p> 627<p><code class="filename">${HOME}/.digrc</code> 628 </p> 629</div> 630<div class="refsect1" lang="en"> 631<a name="id2545355"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2> 632<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">host</span>(1)</span>, 633 <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>, 634 <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</span>(8)</span>, 635 <em class="citetitle">RFC1035</em>. 636 </p> 637</div> 638<div class="refsect1" lang="en"> 639<a name="id2545393"></a><h2>BUGS</h2> 640<p> 641 There are probably too many query options. 642 </p> 643</div> 644</div></body> 645</html> 646