1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> 2<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> 3<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head><!-- 4 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX 5 This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT 6 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX 7 --> 8<title>Starting Apache - Apache HTTP Server</title> 9<link href="/style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" /> 10<link href="/style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" /> 11<link href="/style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/style/css/prettify.css" /> 12<script src="/style/scripts/prettify.min.js" type="text/javascript"> 13</script> 14 15<link href="/images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head> 16<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header"> 17<p class="menu"><a href="/mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="/mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="/glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="/sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p> 18<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</p> 19<img alt="" src="/images/feather.gif" /></div> 20<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="/images/left.gif" /></a></div> 21<div id="path"> 22<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.4</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Starting Apache</h1> 23<div class="toplang"> 24<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="/de/invoking.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> | 25<a href="/en/invoking.html" title="English"> en </a> | 26<a href="/es/invoking.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Espa�ol"> es </a> | 27<a href="/fr/invoking.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Fran�ais"> fr </a> | 28<a href="/ja/invoking.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> | 29<a href="/ko/invoking.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> | 30<a href="/tr/invoking.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="T�rk�e"> tr </a></p> 31</div> 32 33 <p>On Windows, Apache is normally run as a service on Windows 34 NT, 2000 and XP, Vista and 7. For details, see <a href="platform/windows.html#winsvc">Running Apache as a Service</a>. 35 </p> 36 37 <p>On Unix, the <code class="program"><a href="/programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> program 38 is run as a daemon that executes continuously in the 39 background to handle requests. This document describes how 40 to invoke <code class="program"><a href="/programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>.</p> 41</div> 42<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="/images/down.gif" /> <a href="#startup">How Apache Starts</a></li> 43<li><img alt="" src="/images/down.gif" /> <a href="#errors">Errors During Start-up</a></li> 44<li><img alt="" src="/images/down.gif" /> <a href="#boot">Starting at Boot-Time</a></li> 45<li><img alt="" src="/images/down.gif" /> <a href="#info">Additional Information</a></li> 46</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="stopping.html">Stopping and Restarting</a></li><li><code class="program"><a href="/programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code></li><li><code class="program"><a href="/programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code></li></ul><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div> 47<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="/images/up.gif" /></a></div> 48<div class="section"> 49<h2><a name="startup" id="startup">How Apache Starts</a></h2> 50 51 <p>If the <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code> 52 specified in the configuration file is default of 80 (or any other 53 port below 1024), then it is necessary to have root privileges in 54 order to start apache, so that it can bind to this privileged 55 port. Once the server has started and performed a few preliminary 56 activities such as opening its log files, it will launch several 57 <em>child</em> processes which do the work of listening for and 58 answering requests from clients. The main <code>httpd</code> 59 process continues to run as the root user, but the child processes 60 run as a less privileged user. This is controlled by the selected 61 <a href="mpm.html">Multi-Processing Module</a>.</p> 62 63 <p>The recommended method of invoking the <code class="program"><a href="/programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> 64 executable is to use the <code class="program"><a href="/programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> control script. This 65 script sets certain environment variables that are necessary for 66 <code class="program"><a href="/programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> to function correctly under some operating 67 systems, and then invokes the <code class="program"><a href="/programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> binary. 68 <code class="program"><a href="/programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> will pass through any command line 69 arguments, so any <code class="program"><a href="/programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> options may also be used with 70 <code class="program"><a href="/programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code>. You may also directly edit the 71 <code class="program"><a href="/programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> script by changing the <code>HTTPD</code> 72 variable near the top to specify the correct location of the 73 <code class="program"><a href="/programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> binary and any command-line arguments that you 74 wish to be <em>always</em> present.</p> 75 76 <p>The first thing that <code class="program"><a href="/programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> does when it is 77 invoked is to locate and read the <a href="configuring.html">configuration file</a> 78 <code>httpd.conf</code>. The location of this file is set at 79 compile-time, but it is possible to specify its location at run 80 time using the <code>-f</code> command-line option as in</p> 81 82<div class="example"><p><code>/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl -f 83 /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf</code></p></div> 84 85 <p>If all goes well during startup, the server will detach from 86 the terminal and the command prompt will return almost 87 immediately. This indicates that the server is up and running. 88 You can then use your browser to connect to the server and view 89 the test page in the <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> directory.</p> 90</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="/images/up.gif" /></a></div> 91<div class="section"> 92<h2><a name="errors" id="errors">Errors During Start-up</a></h2> 93 94 <p>If Apache suffers a fatal problem during startup, it will 95 write a message describing the problem either to the console or 96 to the <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code> before 97 exiting. One of the most common error messages is "<code>Unable 98 to bind to Port ...</code>". This message is usually caused by 99 either:</p> 100 101 <ul> 102 <li>Trying to start the server on a privileged port when not 103 logged in as the root user; or</li> 104 105 <li>Trying to start the server when there is another instance 106 of Apache or some other web server already bound to the same 107 Port.</li> 108 </ul> 109 110 <p>For further trouble-shooting instructions, consult the 111 Apache <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a>.</p> 112</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="/images/up.gif" /></a></div> 113<div class="section"> 114<h2><a name="boot" id="boot">Starting at Boot-Time</a></h2> 115 116 <p>If you want your server to continue running after a system 117 reboot, you should add a call to <code class="program"><a href="/programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> to your 118 system startup files (typically <code>rc.local</code> or a file in 119 an <code>rc.N</code> directory). This will start Apache as 120 root. Before doing this ensure that your server is properly 121 configured for security and access restrictions.</p> 122 123 <p>The <code class="program"><a href="/programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> script is designed to act like a 124 standard SysV init script; it can take the arguments 125 <code>start</code>, <code>restart</code>, and <code>stop</code> 126 and translate them into the appropriate signals to 127 <code class="program"><a href="/programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>. So you can often simply link 128 <code class="program"><a href="/programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> into the appropriate init directory. But be 129 sure to check the exact requirements of your system.</p> 130</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="/images/up.gif" /></a></div> 131<div class="section"> 132<h2><a name="info" id="info">Additional Information</a></h2> 133 134 <p>Additional information about the command-line options of <code class="program"><a href="/programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> and <code class="program"><a href="/programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> as well as other support 135 programs included with the server is available on the 136 <a href="programs/">Server and Supporting Programs</a> page. 137 There is also documentation on all the <a href="mod/">modules</a> included with the Apache distribution 138 and the <a href="mod/directives.html">directives</a> that they 139 provide.</p> 140</div></div> 141<div class="bottomlang"> 142<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="/de/invoking.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> | 143<a href="/en/invoking.html" title="English"> en </a> | 144<a href="/es/invoking.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Espa�ol"> es </a> | 145<a href="/fr/invoking.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Fran�ais"> fr </a> | 146<a href="/ja/invoking.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> | 147<a href="/ko/invoking.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> | 148<a href="/tr/invoking.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="T�rk�e"> tr </a></p> 149</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="/images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">Comments</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. Questions on how to manage the Apache HTTP Server should be directed at either our IRC channel, #httpd, on Freenode, or sent to our <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</div> 150<script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- 151var comments_shortname = 'httpd'; 152var comments_identifier = 'http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/invoking.html'; 153(function(w, d) { 154 if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "httpd.apache.org") { 155 d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>'); 156 var s = d.createElement('script'); 157 s.type = 'text/javascript'; 158 s.async = true; 159 s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier; 160 (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s); 161 } 162 else { 163 d.write('<div id="comments_thread">Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/div>'); 164 } 165})(window, document); 166//--><!]]></script></div><div id="footer"> 167<p class="apache">Copyright 2014 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p> 168<p class="menu"><a href="/mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="/mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="/glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="/sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- 169if (typeof(prettyPrint) !== 'undefined') { 170 prettyPrint(); 171} 172//--><!]]></script> 173</body></html>
