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17<p class="menu"><a href="/mod/">模块</a> | <a href="/mod/directives.html">指令</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">常见问题</a> | <a href="/glossary.html">术语</a> | <a href="/sitemap.html">网站导航</a></p>
18<p class="apache">Apache HTTP 服务器版本 2.4</p>
19<img alt="" src="/images/feather.gif" /></div>
20<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="&lt;-" alt="&lt;-" src="/images/left.gif" /></a></div>
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22<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP 服务器</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">文档</a> &gt; <a href="./">版本 2.4</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Apache 的处理器</h1>
23<div class="toplang">
24<p><span>可用语言: </span><a href="/en/handler.html" hreflang="en" rel="alternate" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a> |
25<a href="/es/handler.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español">&nbsp;es&nbsp;</a> |
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30<a href="/zh-cn/handler.html" title="Simplified Chinese">&nbsp;zh-cn&nbsp;</a></p>
31</div>
32<div class="outofdate">此翻译可能过期。要了解最近的更改,请阅读英文版。</div>
33
34    <p>本页描述 Apache 处理器的用法。</p>
35  </div>
36<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="/images/down.gif" /> <a href="#definition">什么是处理器</a></li>
37<li><img alt="" src="/images/down.gif" /> <a href="#examples">例子</a></li>
38<li><img alt="" src="/images/down.gif" /> <a href="#programmer">对程序员的说明</a></li>
39</ul><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">评论</a></li></ul></div>
40<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="/images/up.gif" /></a></div>
41<div class="section">
42<h2><a name="definition" id="definition">什么是处理器</a></h2>
43    
44    <table class="related"><tr><th>相关模块</th><th>相关指令</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_actions.html">mod_actions</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_asis.html">mod_asis</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_imagemap.html">mod_imagemap</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_info.html">mod_info</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_mime.html">mod_mime</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_status.html">mod_status</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="/mod/mod_actions.html#action">Action</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="/mod/mod_mime.html#addhandler">AddHandler</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="/mod/mod_mime.html#removehandler">RemoveHandler</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="/mod/core.html#sethandler">SetHandler</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
45
46
47    <p>“处理器”是当文件被调用时,Apache 要执行的动作的内部表示形式。
48    一般来说,每个文件都有基于其文件类型的隐式处理器。通常的文件会被
49    服务器简单处理,但是某些文件类型会被分别“处理”。</p>
50
51    <p>处理器也可以被基于扩展名或位置来明确配置。它们都很有用,这不仅
52    因为它是优雅的方案,而且还允许类型<strong>与</strong>处理器关联到文件
53    (参见<a href="mod/mod_mime.html#multipleext">文件与多个扩展名</a>)。</p>
54
55    <p>处理器可以编译到服务器中,或者包含在模块中,它们还可以被 <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/mod_actions.html#action">Action</a></code> 指令增加。标准发行版中内置的处理器有:</p>
56
57    <ul>
58      <li><strong>default-handler</strong>: 使用
59      <code>default_handler()</code> 发送文件,它是用来处理静态内容的处理器(核心)。</li>
60
61      <li><strong>send-as-is</strong>: 直接发送,不增加 HTTP 头(<code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_asis.html">mod_asis</a></code>)。</li>
62
63      <li><strong>cgi-script</strong>: 按 CGI 脚本处理(<code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code>)。</li>
64
65      <li><strong>imap-file</strong>: 按 imagemap 规则处理(<code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_imagemap.html">mod_imagemap</a></code>)。</li>
66
67      <li><strong>server-info</strong>: 取得服务器配置信息(<code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_info.html">mod_info</a></code>)。</li>
68
69      <li><strong>server-status</strong>: 取得服务器状态报告(<code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_status.html">mod_status</a></code>)。</li>
70
71      <li><strong>type-map</strong>: 用于内容协商,按类型映射文件处理(<code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code>)。</li>
72    </ul>
73  </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="/images/up.gif" /></a></div>
74<div class="section">
75<h2><a name="examples" id="examples">例子</a></h2>
76    
77
78    <h3><a name="example1" id="example1">使用 CGI 脚本修改静态内容</a></h3>
79      
80
81      <p>下面的指令将会使具有<code>html</code>扩展名的文件,触发 CGI 脚本<code>footer.pl</code>的执行。</p>
82
83      <div class="example"><p><code>
84        Action add-footer /cgi-bin/footer.pl<br />
85        AddHandler add-footer .html
86      </code></p></div>
87
88      <p>于是 CGI 负责发送请求的文档(<code>PATH_TRANSLATED</code> 环境变量指向它),按照需要作出  and making
89      whatever modifications or additions are desired.</p>
90
91    
92    <h3><a name="example2" id="example2">含有 HTTP 头的文件</a></h3>
93      
94
95      <p>下面的指令会启用
96      <code>send-as-is</code> 处理器,用于包含自己的 HTTP 的文件。不管什么扩展名,
97      所有位于 <code>/web/htdocs/asis/</code> 目录的文件会被
98      <code>send-as-is</code> 处理器处理。</p>
99
100      <div class="example"><p><code>
101        &lt;Directory /web/htdocs/asis&gt;<br />
102        SetHandler send-as-is<br />
103        &lt;/Directory&gt;
104      </code></p></div>
105
106    
107  </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="/images/up.gif" /></a></div>
108<div class="section">
109<h2><a name="programmer" id="programmer">对程序员的说明</a></h2>
110    
111
112    <p>为了实现处理器特性,增加了需要使用的 <a href="developer/API.html">Apache API</a>。
113    特别的,结构 <code>request_rec</code> 增加了新成员:</p>
114
115    <div class="example"><p><code>
116      char *handler
117    </code></p></div>
118
119    <p>如果你想要模块实现处理器,只需要在在处理请求,调用 <code>invoke_handler</code>
120    之前,将 <code>r-&gt;handler</code> 指向处理器名称。处理器的实现与以前一样,只是用处理器名称取代了内容类型。
121    虽然不是必要,处理器的命名约定是使用破折号分割的单词,没有斜杠,从而不侵入媒体类型名称空间。</p>
122  </div></div>
123<div class="bottomlang">
124<p><span>可用语言: </span><a href="/en/handler.html" hreflang="en" rel="alternate" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a> |
125<a href="/es/handler.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español">&nbsp;es&nbsp;</a> |
126<a href="/fr/handler.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français">&nbsp;fr&nbsp;</a> |
127<a href="/ja/handler.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese">&nbsp;ja&nbsp;</a> |
128<a href="/ko/handler.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean">&nbsp;ko&nbsp;</a> |
129<a href="/tr/handler.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe">&nbsp;tr&nbsp;</a> |
130<a href="/zh-cn/handler.html" title="Simplified Chinese">&nbsp;zh-cn&nbsp;</a></p>
131</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="/images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">评论</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&amp;A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. Questions on how to manage the Apache HTTP Server should be directed at either our IRC channel, #httpd, on Freenode, or sent to our <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</div>
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