1The Academic Free License 2v. 2.1 3 4This Academic Free License (the "License") applies to any original work of authorship (the "Original Work") whose owner (the "Licensor") has placed the following notice immediately following the copyright notice for the Original Work: 5 6Licensed under the Academic Free License version 2.1 7 81) Grant of Copyright License. Licensor hereby grants You a 9world-wide, royalty-free, non-exclusive, perpetual, sublicenseable 10license to do the following: 11 12a) to reproduce the Original Work in copies; 13 14b) to prepare derivative works ("Derivative Works") based upon the Original Work; 15 16c) to distribute copies of the Original Work and Derivative Works to the public; 17 18d) to perform the Original Work publicly; and 19 20e) to display the Original Work publicly. 21 222) Grant of Patent License. Licensor hereby grants You a world-wide, 23royalty-free, non-exclusive, perpetual, sublicenseable license, under 24patent claims owned or controlled by the Licensor that are embodied in 25the Original Work as furnished by the Licensor, to make, use, sell and 26offer for sale the Original Work and Derivative Works. 27 283) Grant of Source Code License. The term "Source Code" means the 29preferred form of the Original Work for making modifications to it and 30all available documentation describing how to modify the Original 31Work. Licensor hereby agrees to provide a machine-readable copy of the 32Source Code of the Original Work along with each copy of the Original 33Work that Licensor distributes. 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No patent license is granted to make, use, sell or offer to 49sell embodiments of any patent claims other than the licensed claims 50defined in Section 2. No right is granted to the trademarks of 51Licensor even if such marks are included in the Original Work. Nothing 52in this License shall be interpreted to prohibit Licensor from 53licensing under different terms from this License any Original Work 54that Licensor otherwise would have a right to license. 55 565) This section intentionally omitted. 57 586) Attribution Rights. You must retain, in the Source Code of any 59Derivative Works that You create, all copyright, patent or trademark 60notices from the Source Code of the Original Work, as well as any 61notices of licensing and any descriptive text identified therein as an 62"Attribution Notice." You must cause the Source Code for any 63Derivative Works that You create to carry a prominent Attribution 64Notice reasonably calculated to inform recipients that You have 65modified the Original Work. 66 677) Warranty of Provenance and Disclaimer of Warranty. Licensor 68warrants that the copyright in and to the Original Work and the patent 69rights granted herein by Licensor are owned by the Licensor or are 70sublicensed to You under the terms of this License with the permission 71of the contributor(s) of those copyrights and patent rights. Except as 72expressly stated in the immediately proceeding sentence, the Original 73Work is provided under this License on an "AS IS" BASIS and WITHOUT 74WARRANTY, either express or implied, including, without limitation, 75the warranties of NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A 76PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY OF THE ORIGINAL 77WORK IS WITH YOU. This DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY constitutes an essential 78part of this License. No license to Original Work is granted hereunder 79except under this disclaimer. 80 818) Limitation of Liability. Under no circumstances and under no legal 82theory, whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or 83otherwise, shall the Licensor be liable to any person for any direct, 84indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages of any 85character arising as a result of this License or the use of the 86Original Work including, without limitation, damages for loss of 87goodwill, work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and 88all other commercial damages or losses. This limitation of liability 89shall not apply to liability for death or personal injury resulting 90from Licensor's negligence to the extent applicable law prohibits such 91limitation. Some jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion or 92limitation of incidental or consequential damages, so this exclusion 93and limitation may not apply to You. 94 959) Acceptance and Termination. If You distribute copies of the 96Original Work or a Derivative Work, You must make a reasonable effort 97under the circumstances to obtain the express assent of recipients to 98the terms of this License. Nothing else but this License (or another 99written agreement between Licensor and You) grants You permission to 100create Derivative Works based upon the Original Work or to exercise 101any of the rights granted in Section 1 herein, and any attempt to do 102so except under the terms of this License (or another written 103agreement between Licensor and You) is expressly prohibited by 104U.S. copyright law, the equivalent laws of other countries, and by 105international treaty. Therefore, by exercising any of the rights 106granted to You in Section 1 herein, You indicate Your acceptance of 107this License and all of its terms and conditions. 108 10910) Termination for Patent Action. This License shall terminate 110automatically and You may no longer exercise any of the rights granted 111to You by this License as of the date You commence an action, 112including a cross-claim or counterclaim, against Licensor or any 113licensee alleging that the Original Work infringes a patent. This 114termination provision shall not apply for an action alleging patent 115infringement by combinations of the Original Work with other software 116or hardware. 117 11811) Jurisdiction, Venue and Governing Law. Any action or suit relating 119to this License may be brought only in the courts of a jurisdiction 120wherein the Licensor resides or in which Licensor conducts its primary 121business, and under the laws of that jurisdiction excluding its 122conflict-of-law provisions. The application of the United Nations 123Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods is 124expressly excluded. Any use of the Original Work outside the scope of 125this License or after its termination shall be subject to the 126requirements and penalties of the U.S. Copyright Act, 17 U.S.C. ���� 101 127et seq., the equivalent laws of other countries, and international 128treaty. This section shall survive the termination of this License. 129 13012) Attorneys Fees. In any action to enforce the terms of this License 131or seeking damages relating thereto, the prevailing party shall be 132entitled to recover its costs and expenses, including, without 133limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees and costs incurred in 134connection with such action, including any appeal of such action. This 135section shall survive the termination of this License. 136 13713) Miscellaneous. This License represents the complete agreement 138concerning the subject matter hereof. If any provision of this License 139is held to be unenforceable, such provision shall be reformed only to 140the extent necessary to make it enforceable. 141 14214) Definition of "You" in This License. "You" throughout this 143License, whether in upper or lower case, means an individual or a 144legal entity exercising rights under, and complying with all of the 145terms of, this License. For legal entities, "You" includes any entity 146that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with 147you. For purposes of this definition, "control" means (i) the power, 148direct or indirect, to cause the direction or management of such 149entity, whether by contract or otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty 150percent (50%) or more of the outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial 151ownership of such entity. 152 15315) Right to Use. You may use the Original Work in all ways not 154otherwise restricted or conditioned by this License or by law, and 155Licensor promises not to interfere with or be responsible for such 156uses by You. 157 158This license is Copyright (C) 2003-2004 Lawrence E. Rosen. All rights 159reserved. Permission is hereby granted to copy and distribute this 160license without modification. This license may not be modified without 161the express written permission of its copyright owner. 162 163 164----- 165 166END OF ACADEMIC FREE LICENSE. The following is intended to describe the essential 167differences between the Academic Free License (AFL) version 1.0 and other 168open source licenses: 169 170The Academic Free License is similar to the BSD, MIT, UoI/NCSA and Apache 171licenses in many respects but it is intended to solve a few problems with 172those licenses. 173 174* The AFL is written so as to make it clear what software is being 175licensed (by the inclusion of a statement following the copyright notice 176in the software). This way, the license functions better than a template 177license. The BSD, MIT and UoI/NCSA licenses apply to unidentified software. 178 179* The AFL contains a complete copyright grant to the software. The BSD 180and Apache licenses are vague and incomplete in that respect. 181 182* The AFL contains a complete patent grant to the software. The BSD, MIT, 183UoI/NCSA and Apache licenses rely on an implied patent license and contain 184no explicit patent grant. 185 186* The AFL makes it clear that no trademark rights are granted to the 187licensor's trademarks. The Apache license contains such a provision, but the 188BSD, MIT and UoI/NCSA licenses do not. 189 190* The AFL includes the warranty by the licensor that it either owns the 191copyright or that it is distributing the software under a license. None of 192the other licenses contain that warranty. All other warranties are disclaimed, 193as is the case for the other licenses. 194 195* The AFL is itself copyrighted (with the right granted to copy and distribute 196without modification). This ensures that the owner of the copyright to the 197license will control changes. The Apache license contains a copyright notice, 198but the BSD, MIT and UoI/NCSA licenses do not.