1/* Traverse a file hierarchy.
2
3   Copyright (C) 2004-2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4
5   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
6   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
7   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
8   (at your option) any later version.
9
10   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
13   GNU General Public License for more details.
14
15   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
17
18/*
19 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
20 *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
21 *
22 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
23 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
24 * are met:
25 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
26 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
27 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
28 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
29 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
30 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
31 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
32 *    without specific prior written permission.
33 *
34 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
35 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
36 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
37 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
38 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
39 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
40 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
41 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
42 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
43 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
44 * SUCH DAMAGE.
45 *
46 *      @(#)fts.h       8.3 (Berkeley) 8/14/94
47 */
48
49#ifndef _FTS_H
50# define _FTS_H 1
51
52# ifdef _LIBC
53#  include <features.h>
54# else
55#  undef __THROW
56#  define __THROW
57#  undef __BEGIN_DECLS
58#  define __BEGIN_DECLS
59#  undef __END_DECLS
60#  define __END_DECLS
61# endif
62
63# include <stddef.h>
64# include <sys/types.h>
65# include <sys/stat.h>
66# include "i-ring.h"
67
68typedef struct {
69        struct _ftsent *fts_cur;        /* current node */
70        struct _ftsent *fts_child;      /* linked list of children */
71        struct _ftsent **fts_array;     /* sort array */
72        dev_t fts_dev;                  /* starting device # */
73        char *fts_path;                 /* file name for this descent */
74        int fts_rfd;                    /* fd for root */
75        int fts_cwd_fd;                 /* the file descriptor on which the
76                                           virtual cwd is open, or AT_FDCWD */
77        size_t fts_pathlen;             /* sizeof(path) */
78        size_t fts_nitems;              /* elements in the sort array */
79        int (*fts_compar) (struct _ftsent const **, struct _ftsent const **);
80                                        /* compare fn */
81
82# define FTS_COMFOLLOW  0x0001          /* follow command line symlinks */
83# define FTS_LOGICAL    0x0002          /* logical walk */
84# define FTS_NOCHDIR    0x0004          /* don't change directories */
85# define FTS_NOSTAT     0x0008          /* don't get stat info */
86# define FTS_PHYSICAL   0x0010          /* physical walk */
87# define FTS_SEEDOT     0x0020          /* return dot and dot-dot */
88# define FTS_XDEV       0x0040          /* don't cross devices */
89# define FTS_WHITEOUT   0x0080          /* return whiteout information */
90
91  /* There are two ways to detect cycles.
92     The lazy way (which works only with FTS_PHYSICAL),
93     with which one may process a directory that is a
94     part of the cycle several times before detecting the cycle.
95     The `tight' way, whereby fts uses more memory (proportional
96     to number of `active' directories, aka distance from root
97     of current tree to current directory -- see active_dir_ht)
98     to detect any cycle right away.  For example, du must use
99     this option to avoid counting disk space in a cycle multiple
100     times, but chown -R need not.
101     The default is to use the constant-memory lazy way, when possible
102     (see below).
103
104     However, with FTS_LOGICAL (when following symlinks, e.g., chown -L)
105     using lazy cycle detection is inadequate.  For example, traversing
106     a directory containing a symbolic link to a peer directory, it is
107     possible to encounter the same directory twice even though there
108     is no cycle:
109     dir
110     ...
111     slink -> dir
112     So, when FTS_LOGICAL is selected, we have to use a different
113     mode of cycle detection: FTS_TIGHT_CYCLE_CHECK.  */
114# define FTS_TIGHT_CYCLE_CHECK  0x0100
115
116  /* Use this flag to enable semantics with which the parent
117     application may be made both more efficient and more robust.
118     Whereas the default is to visit each directory in a recursive
119     traversal (via chdir), using this flag makes it so the initial
120     working directory is never changed.  Instead, these functions
121     perform the traversal via a virtual working directory, maintained
122     through the file descriptor member, fts_cwd_fd.  */
123# define FTS_CWDFD              0x0200
124
125  /* Historically, for each directory that fts initially encounters, it would
126     open it, read all entries, and stat each entry, storing the results, and
127     then it would process the first entry.  But that behavior is bad for
128     locality of reference, and also causes trouble with inode-simulating
129     file systems like FAT, CIFS, FUSE-based ones, etc., when entries from
130     their name/inode cache are flushed too early.
131     Use this flag to make fts_open and fts_read defer the stat/lstat/fststat
132     of each entry until it is actually processed.  However, note that if you
133     use this option and also specify a comparison function, that function may
134     not examine any data via fts_statp.  However, when fts_statp->st_mode is
135     nonzero, the S_IFMT type bits are valid, with mapped dirent.d_type data.
136     Of course, that happens only on file systems that provide useful
137     dirent.d_type data.  */
138# define FTS_DEFER_STAT         0x0400
139
140# define FTS_OPTIONMASK 0x07ff          /* valid user option mask */
141
142# define FTS_NAMEONLY   0x1000          /* (private) child names only */
143# define FTS_STOP       0x2000          /* (private) unrecoverable error */
144        int fts_options;                /* fts_open options, global flags */
145
146# if GNULIB_FTS
147        /* Map a directory's device number to a boolean.  The boolean is
148           true if for that file system (type determined by a single fstatfs
149           call per FS) st_nlink can be used to calculate the number of
150           sub-directory entries in a directory.
151           Using this table is an optimization that permits us to look up
152           file system type on a per-inode basis at the minimal cost of
153           calling fstatfs only once per traversed device.  */
154        struct hash_table *fts_leaf_optimization_works_ht;
155
156        union {
157                /* This data structure is used if FTS_TIGHT_CYCLE_CHECK is
158                   specified.  It records the directories between a starting
159                   point and the current directory.  I.e., a directory is
160                   recorded here IFF we have visited it once, but we have not
161                   yet completed processing of all its entries.  Every time we
162                   visit a new directory, we add that directory to this set.
163                   When we finish with a directory (usually by visiting it a
164                   second time), we remove it from this set.  Each entry in
165                   this data structure is a device/inode pair.  This data
166                   structure is used to detect directory cycles efficiently and
167                   promptly even when the depth of a hierarchy is in the tens
168                   of thousands.  */
169                struct hash_table *ht;
170
171                /* FIXME: rename these two members to have the fts_ prefix */
172                /* This data structure uses a lazy cycle-detection algorithm,
173                   as done by rm via cycle-check.c.  It's the default,
174                   but it's not appropriate for programs like du.  */
175                struct cycle_check_state *state;
176        } fts_cycle;
177
178# endif
179        /* A stack of the file descriptors corresponding to the
180           most-recently traversed parent directories.
181           Currently used only in FTS_CWDFD mode.  */
182        I_ring fts_fd_ring;
183} FTS;
184
185typedef struct _ftsent {
186        struct _ftsent *fts_cycle;      /* cycle node */
187        struct _ftsent *fts_parent;     /* parent directory */
188        struct _ftsent *fts_link;       /* next file in directory */
189        long fts_number;                /* local numeric value */
190        void *fts_pointer;              /* local address value */
191        char *fts_accpath;              /* access file name */
192        char *fts_path;                 /* root name; == fts_fts->fts_path */
193        int fts_errno;                  /* errno for this node */
194        int fts_symfd;                  /* fd for symlink */
195        size_t fts_pathlen;             /* strlen(fts_path) */
196
197        FTS *fts_fts;                   /* the file hierarchy itself */
198
199# define FTS_ROOTPARENTLEVEL    (-1)
200# define FTS_ROOTLEVEL           0
201        ptrdiff_t fts_level;            /* depth (-1 to N) */
202
203        size_t fts_namelen;             /* strlen(fts_name) */
204        nlink_t fts_n_dirs_remaining;   /* count down from st_nlink */
205
206# define FTS_D           1              /* preorder directory */
207# define FTS_DC          2              /* directory that causes cycles */
208# define FTS_DEFAULT     3              /* none of the above */
209# define FTS_DNR         4              /* unreadable directory */
210# define FTS_DOT         5              /* dot or dot-dot */
211# define FTS_DP          6              /* postorder directory */
212# define FTS_ERR         7              /* error; errno is set */
213# define FTS_F           8              /* regular file */
214# define FTS_INIT        9              /* initialized only */
215# define FTS_NS         10              /* stat(2) failed */
216# define FTS_NSOK       11              /* no stat(2) requested */
217# define FTS_SL         12              /* symbolic link */
218# define FTS_SLNONE     13              /* symbolic link without target */
219# define FTS_W          14              /* whiteout object */
220        unsigned short int fts_info;    /* user flags for FTSENT structure */
221
222# define FTS_DONTCHDIR   0x01           /* don't chdir .. to the parent */
223# define FTS_SYMFOLLOW   0x02           /* followed a symlink to get here */
224        unsigned short int fts_flags;   /* private flags for FTSENT structure */
225
226# define FTS_AGAIN       1              /* read node again */
227# define FTS_FOLLOW      2              /* follow symbolic link */
228# define FTS_NOINSTR     3              /* no instructions */
229# define FTS_SKIP        4              /* discard node */
230        unsigned short int fts_instr;   /* fts_set() instructions */
231
232        struct stat fts_statp[1];       /* stat(2) information */
233        char fts_name[1];               /* file name */
234} FTSENT;
235
236#ifndef __GNUC_PREREQ
237# if defined __GNUC__ && defined __GNUC_MINOR__
238#  define __GNUC_PREREQ(maj, min) \
239         ((__GNUC__ << 16) + __GNUC_MINOR__ >= ((maj) << 16) + (min))
240# else
241#  define __GNUC_PREREQ(maj, min) 0
242# endif
243#endif
244
245#if __GNUC_PREREQ (3,4)
246# undef __attribute_warn_unused_result__
247# define __attribute_warn_unused_result__ \
248   __attribute__ ((__warn_unused_result__))
249#else
250# define __attribute_warn_unused_result__ /* empty */
251#endif
252
253__BEGIN_DECLS
254FTSENT  *fts_children (FTS *, int) __THROW __attribute_warn_unused_result__;
255int      fts_close (FTS *) __THROW __attribute_warn_unused_result__;
256FTS     *fts_open (char * const *, int,
257                   int (*)(const FTSENT **, const FTSENT **))
258  __THROW __attribute_warn_unused_result__;
259FTSENT  *fts_read (FTS *) __THROW __attribute_warn_unused_result__;
260int      fts_set (FTS *, FTSENT *, int) __THROW;
261__END_DECLS
262
263#endif /* fts.h */
264