1/*- 2 * Copyright (c) 1987, 1991, 1993 3 * The Regents of the University of California. 4 * Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Robert N. M. Watson 5 * All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9 * are met: 10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 16 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 17 * without specific prior written permission. 18 * 19 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 20 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 21 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 22 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 23 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 24 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 25 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 26 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 27 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 28 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 29 * SUCH DAMAGE. 30 * 31 * @(#)kern_malloc.c 8.3 (Berkeley) 1/4/94 32 */ 33 34/* 35 * Kernel malloc(9) implementation -- general purpose kernel memory allocator 36 * based on memory types. Back end is implemented using the UMA(9) zone 37 * allocator. A set of fixed-size buckets are used for smaller allocations, 38 * and a special UMA allocation interface is used for larger allocations. 39 * Callers declare memory types, and statistics are maintained independently 40 * for each memory type. Statistics are maintained per-CPU for performance 41 * reasons. See malloc(9) and comments in malloc.h for a detailed 42 * description. 43 */ 44 45#include <sys/cdefs.h> 46__FBSDID("$FreeBSD$"); 47 48#include "opt_ddb.h" 49#include "opt_kdtrace.h" 50#include "opt_vm.h" 51 52#include <sys/param.h> 53#include <sys/systm.h> 54#include <sys/kdb.h> 55#include <sys/kernel.h> 56#include <sys/lock.h> 57#include <sys/malloc.h> 58#include <sys/mbuf.h> 59#include <sys/mutex.h> 60#include <sys/vmmeter.h> 61#include <sys/proc.h> 62#include <sys/sbuf.h> 63#include <sys/sysctl.h> 64#include <sys/time.h> 65 66#include <vm/vm.h> 67#include <vm/pmap.h> 68#include <vm/vm_param.h> 69#include <vm/vm_kern.h> 70#include <vm/vm_extern.h> 71#include <vm/vm_map.h> 72#include <vm/vm_page.h> 73#include <vm/uma.h> 74#include <vm/uma_int.h> 75#include <vm/uma_dbg.h> 76 77#ifdef DEBUG_MEMGUARD 78#include <vm/memguard.h> 79#endif 80#ifdef DEBUG_REDZONE 81#include <vm/redzone.h> 82#endif 83 84#if defined(INVARIANTS) && defined(__i386__) 85#include <machine/cpu.h> 86#endif 87 88#include <ddb/ddb.h> 89 90#ifdef KDTRACE_HOOKS 91#include <sys/dtrace_bsd.h> 92 93dtrace_malloc_probe_func_t dtrace_malloc_probe; 94#endif 95 96/* 97 * When realloc() is called, if the new size is sufficiently smaller than 98 * the old size, realloc() will allocate a new, smaller block to avoid 99 * wasting memory. 'Sufficiently smaller' is defined as: newsize <= 100 * oldsize / 2^n, where REALLOC_FRACTION defines the value of 'n'. 101 */ 102#ifndef REALLOC_FRACTION 103#define REALLOC_FRACTION 1 /* new block if <= half the size */ 104#endif 105 106/* 107 * Centrally define some common malloc types. 108 */ 109MALLOC_DEFINE(M_CACHE, "cache", "Various Dynamically allocated caches"); 110MALLOC_DEFINE(M_DEVBUF, "devbuf", "device driver memory"); 111MALLOC_DEFINE(M_TEMP, "temp", "misc temporary data buffers"); 112 113MALLOC_DEFINE(M_IP6OPT, "ip6opt", "IPv6 options"); 114MALLOC_DEFINE(M_IP6NDP, "ip6ndp", "IPv6 Neighbor Discovery"); 115 116static void kmeminit(void *); 117SYSINIT(kmem, SI_SUB_KMEM, SI_ORDER_FIRST, kmeminit, NULL); 118 119static struct malloc_type *kmemstatistics; 120static vm_offset_t kmembase; 121static vm_offset_t kmemlimit; 122static int kmemcount; 123 124#define KMEM_ZSHIFT 4 125#define KMEM_ZBASE 16 126#define KMEM_ZMASK (KMEM_ZBASE - 1) 127 128#define KMEM_ZMAX PAGE_SIZE 129#define KMEM_ZSIZE (KMEM_ZMAX >> KMEM_ZSHIFT) 130static uint8_t kmemsize[KMEM_ZSIZE + 1]; 131 132#ifndef MALLOC_DEBUG_MAXZONES 133#define MALLOC_DEBUG_MAXZONES 1 134#endif 135static int numzones = MALLOC_DEBUG_MAXZONES; 136 137/* 138 * Small malloc(9) memory allocations are allocated from a set of UMA buckets 139 * of various sizes. 140 * 141 * XXX: The comment here used to read "These won't be powers of two for 142 * long." It's possible that a significant amount of wasted memory could be 143 * recovered by tuning the sizes of these buckets. 144 */ 145struct { 146 int kz_size; 147 char *kz_name; 148 uma_zone_t kz_zone[MALLOC_DEBUG_MAXZONES]; 149} kmemzones[] = { 150 {16, "16", }, 151 {32, "32", }, 152 {64, "64", }, 153 {128, "128", }, 154 {256, "256", }, 155 {512, "512", }, 156 {1024, "1024", }, 157 {2048, "2048", }, 158 {4096, "4096", }, 159#if PAGE_SIZE > 4096 160 {8192, "8192", }, 161#if PAGE_SIZE > 8192 162 {16384, "16384", }, 163#if PAGE_SIZE > 16384 164 {32768, "32768", }, 165#if PAGE_SIZE > 32768 166 {65536, "65536", }, 167#if PAGE_SIZE > 65536 168#error "Unsupported PAGE_SIZE" 169#endif /* 65536 */ 170#endif /* 32768 */ 171#endif /* 16384 */ 172#endif /* 8192 */ 173#endif /* 4096 */ 174 {0, NULL}, 175}; 176 177/* 178 * Zone to allocate malloc type descriptions from. For ABI reasons, memory 179 * types are described by a data structure passed by the declaring code, but 180 * the malloc(9) implementation has its own data structure describing the 181 * type and statistics. This permits the malloc(9)-internal data structures 182 * to be modified without breaking binary-compiled kernel modules that 183 * declare malloc types. 184 */ 185static uma_zone_t mt_zone; 186 187u_long vm_kmem_size; 188SYSCTL_ULONG(_vm, OID_AUTO, kmem_size, CTLFLAG_RDTUN, &vm_kmem_size, 0, 189 "Size of kernel memory"); 190 191static u_long vm_kmem_size_min; 192SYSCTL_ULONG(_vm, OID_AUTO, kmem_size_min, CTLFLAG_RDTUN, &vm_kmem_size_min, 0, 193 "Minimum size of kernel memory"); 194 195static u_long vm_kmem_size_max; 196SYSCTL_ULONG(_vm, OID_AUTO, kmem_size_max, CTLFLAG_RDTUN, &vm_kmem_size_max, 0, 197 "Maximum size of kernel memory"); 198 199static u_int vm_kmem_size_scale; 200SYSCTL_UINT(_vm, OID_AUTO, kmem_size_scale, CTLFLAG_RDTUN, &vm_kmem_size_scale, 0, 201 "Scale factor for kernel memory size"); 202 203static int sysctl_kmem_map_size(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS); 204SYSCTL_PROC(_vm, OID_AUTO, kmem_map_size, 205 CTLFLAG_RD | CTLTYPE_ULONG | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, NULL, 0, 206 sysctl_kmem_map_size, "LU", "Current kmem_map allocation size"); 207 208static int sysctl_kmem_map_free(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS); 209SYSCTL_PROC(_vm, OID_AUTO, kmem_map_free, 210 CTLFLAG_RD | CTLTYPE_ULONG | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, NULL, 0, 211 sysctl_kmem_map_free, "LU", "Largest contiguous free range in kmem_map"); 212 213/* 214 * The malloc_mtx protects the kmemstatistics linked list. 215 */ 216struct mtx malloc_mtx; 217 218#ifdef MALLOC_PROFILE 219uint64_t krequests[KMEM_ZSIZE + 1]; 220 221static int sysctl_kern_mprof(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS); 222#endif 223 224static int sysctl_kern_malloc_stats(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS); 225 226/* 227 * time_uptime of the last malloc(9) failure (induced or real). 228 */ 229static time_t t_malloc_fail; 230 231#if defined(MALLOC_MAKE_FAILURES) || (MALLOC_DEBUG_MAXZONES > 1) 232static SYSCTL_NODE(_debug, OID_AUTO, malloc, CTLFLAG_RD, 0, 233 "Kernel malloc debugging options"); 234#endif 235 236/* 237 * malloc(9) fault injection -- cause malloc failures every (n) mallocs when 238 * the caller specifies M_NOWAIT. If set to 0, no failures are caused. 239 */ 240#ifdef MALLOC_MAKE_FAILURES 241static int malloc_failure_rate; 242static int malloc_nowait_count; 243static int malloc_failure_count; 244SYSCTL_INT(_debug_malloc, OID_AUTO, failure_rate, CTLFLAG_RW, 245 &malloc_failure_rate, 0, "Every (n) mallocs with M_NOWAIT will fail"); 246TUNABLE_INT("debug.malloc.failure_rate", &malloc_failure_rate); 247SYSCTL_INT(_debug_malloc, OID_AUTO, failure_count, CTLFLAG_RD, 248 &malloc_failure_count, 0, "Number of imposed M_NOWAIT malloc failures"); 249#endif 250 251static int 252sysctl_kmem_map_size(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS) 253{ 254 u_long size; 255 256 size = kmem_map->size; 257 return (sysctl_handle_long(oidp, &size, 0, req)); 258} 259 260static int 261sysctl_kmem_map_free(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS) 262{ 263 u_long size; 264 265 vm_map_lock_read(kmem_map); 266 size = kmem_map->root != NULL ? kmem_map->root->max_free : 267 kmem_map->max_offset - kmem_map->min_offset; 268 vm_map_unlock_read(kmem_map); 269 return (sysctl_handle_long(oidp, &size, 0, req)); 270} 271 272/* 273 * malloc(9) uma zone separation -- sub-page buffer overruns in one 274 * malloc type will affect only a subset of other malloc types. 275 */ 276#if MALLOC_DEBUG_MAXZONES > 1 277static void 278tunable_set_numzones(void) 279{ 280 281 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("debug.malloc.numzones", 282 &numzones); 283 284 /* Sanity check the number of malloc uma zones. */ 285 if (numzones <= 0) 286 numzones = 1; 287 if (numzones > MALLOC_DEBUG_MAXZONES) 288 numzones = MALLOC_DEBUG_MAXZONES; 289} 290SYSINIT(numzones, SI_SUB_TUNABLES, SI_ORDER_ANY, tunable_set_numzones, NULL); 291SYSCTL_INT(_debug_malloc, OID_AUTO, numzones, CTLFLAG_RDTUN, 292 &numzones, 0, "Number of malloc uma subzones"); 293 294/* 295 * Any number that changes regularly is an okay choice for the 296 * offset. Build numbers are pretty good of you have them. 297 */ 298static u_int zone_offset = __FreeBSD_version; 299TUNABLE_INT("debug.malloc.zone_offset", &zone_offset); 300SYSCTL_UINT(_debug_malloc, OID_AUTO, zone_offset, CTLFLAG_RDTUN, 301 &zone_offset, 0, "Separate malloc types by examining the " 302 "Nth character in the malloc type short description."); 303 304static u_int 305mtp_get_subzone(const char *desc) 306{ 307 size_t len; 308 u_int val; 309 310 if (desc == NULL || (len = strlen(desc)) == 0) 311 return (0); 312 val = desc[zone_offset % len]; 313 return (val % numzones); 314} 315#elif MALLOC_DEBUG_MAXZONES == 0 316#error "MALLOC_DEBUG_MAXZONES must be positive." 317#else 318static inline u_int 319mtp_get_subzone(const char *desc) 320{ 321 322 return (0); 323} 324#endif /* MALLOC_DEBUG_MAXZONES > 1 */ 325 326int 327malloc_last_fail(void) 328{ 329 330 return (time_uptime - t_malloc_fail); 331} 332 333/* 334 * An allocation has succeeded -- update malloc type statistics for the 335 * amount of bucket size. Occurs within a critical section so that the 336 * thread isn't preempted and doesn't migrate while updating per-PCU 337 * statistics. 338 */ 339static void 340malloc_type_zone_allocated(struct malloc_type *mtp, unsigned long size, 341 int zindx) 342{ 343 struct malloc_type_internal *mtip; 344 struct malloc_type_stats *mtsp; 345 346 critical_enter(); 347 mtip = mtp->ks_handle; 348 mtsp = &mtip->mti_stats[curcpu]; 349 if (size > 0) { 350 mtsp->mts_memalloced += size; 351 mtsp->mts_numallocs++; 352 } 353 if (zindx != -1) 354 mtsp->mts_size |= 1 << zindx; 355 356#ifdef KDTRACE_HOOKS 357 if (dtrace_malloc_probe != NULL) { 358 uint32_t probe_id = mtip->mti_probes[DTMALLOC_PROBE_MALLOC]; 359 if (probe_id != 0) 360 (dtrace_malloc_probe)(probe_id, 361 (uintptr_t) mtp, (uintptr_t) mtip, 362 (uintptr_t) mtsp, size, zindx); 363 } 364#endif 365 366 critical_exit(); 367} 368 369void 370malloc_type_allocated(struct malloc_type *mtp, unsigned long size) 371{ 372 373 if (size > 0) 374 malloc_type_zone_allocated(mtp, size, -1); 375} 376 377/* 378 * A free operation has occurred -- update malloc type statistics for the 379 * amount of the bucket size. Occurs within a critical section so that the 380 * thread isn't preempted and doesn't migrate while updating per-CPU 381 * statistics. 382 */ 383void 384malloc_type_freed(struct malloc_type *mtp, unsigned long size) 385{ 386 struct malloc_type_internal *mtip; 387 struct malloc_type_stats *mtsp; 388 389 critical_enter(); 390 mtip = mtp->ks_handle; 391 mtsp = &mtip->mti_stats[curcpu]; 392 mtsp->mts_memfreed += size; 393 mtsp->mts_numfrees++; 394 395#ifdef KDTRACE_HOOKS 396 if (dtrace_malloc_probe != NULL) { 397 uint32_t probe_id = mtip->mti_probes[DTMALLOC_PROBE_FREE]; 398 if (probe_id != 0) 399 (dtrace_malloc_probe)(probe_id, 400 (uintptr_t) mtp, (uintptr_t) mtip, 401 (uintptr_t) mtsp, size, 0); 402 } 403#endif 404 405 critical_exit(); 406} 407 408/* 409 * contigmalloc: 410 * 411 * Allocate a block of physically contiguous memory. 412 * 413 * If M_NOWAIT is set, this routine will not block and return NULL if 414 * the allocation fails. 415 */ 416void * 417contigmalloc(unsigned long size, struct malloc_type *type, int flags, 418 vm_paddr_t low, vm_paddr_t high, unsigned long alignment, 419 unsigned long boundary) 420{ 421 void *ret; 422 423 ret = (void *)kmem_alloc_contig(kernel_map, size, flags, low, high, 424 alignment, boundary, VM_MEMATTR_DEFAULT); 425 if (ret != NULL) 426 malloc_type_allocated(type, round_page(size)); 427 return (ret); 428} 429 430/* 431 * contigfree: 432 * 433 * Free a block of memory allocated by contigmalloc. 434 * 435 * This routine may not block. 436 */ 437void 438contigfree(void *addr, unsigned long size, struct malloc_type *type) 439{ 440 441 kmem_free(kernel_map, (vm_offset_t)addr, size); 442 malloc_type_freed(type, round_page(size)); 443} 444 445/* 446 * malloc: 447 * 448 * Allocate a block of memory. 449 * 450 * If M_NOWAIT is set, this routine will not block and return NULL if 451 * the allocation fails. 452 */ 453void * 454malloc(unsigned long size, struct malloc_type *mtp, int flags) 455{ 456 int indx; 457 struct malloc_type_internal *mtip; 458 caddr_t va; 459 uma_zone_t zone; 460#if defined(DIAGNOSTIC) || defined(DEBUG_REDZONE) 461 unsigned long osize = size; 462#endif 463 464#ifdef INVARIANTS 465 KASSERT(mtp->ks_magic == M_MAGIC, ("malloc: bad malloc type magic")); 466 /* 467 * Check that exactly one of M_WAITOK or M_NOWAIT is specified. 468 */ 469 indx = flags & (M_WAITOK | M_NOWAIT); 470 if (indx != M_NOWAIT && indx != M_WAITOK) { 471 static struct timeval lasterr; 472 static int curerr, once; 473 if (once == 0 && ppsratecheck(&lasterr, &curerr, 1)) { 474 printf("Bad malloc flags: %x\n", indx); 475 kdb_backtrace(); 476 flags |= M_WAITOK; 477 once++; 478 } 479 } 480#endif 481#ifdef MALLOC_MAKE_FAILURES 482 if ((flags & M_NOWAIT) && (malloc_failure_rate != 0)) { 483 atomic_add_int(&malloc_nowait_count, 1); 484 if ((malloc_nowait_count % malloc_failure_rate) == 0) { 485 atomic_add_int(&malloc_failure_count, 1); 486 t_malloc_fail = time_uptime; 487 return (NULL); 488 } 489 } 490#endif 491 if (flags & M_WAITOK) 492 KASSERT(curthread->td_intr_nesting_level == 0, 493 ("malloc(M_WAITOK) in interrupt context")); 494 495#ifdef DEBUG_MEMGUARD 496 if (memguard_cmp(mtp, size)) { 497 va = memguard_alloc(size, flags); 498 if (va != NULL) 499 return (va); 500 /* This is unfortunate but should not be fatal. */ 501 } 502#endif 503 504#ifdef DEBUG_REDZONE 505 size = redzone_size_ntor(size); 506#endif 507 508 if (size <= KMEM_ZMAX) { 509 mtip = mtp->ks_handle; 510 if (size & KMEM_ZMASK) 511 size = (size & ~KMEM_ZMASK) + KMEM_ZBASE; 512 indx = kmemsize[size >> KMEM_ZSHIFT]; 513 KASSERT(mtip->mti_zone < numzones, 514 ("mti_zone %u out of range %d", 515 mtip->mti_zone, numzones)); 516 zone = kmemzones[indx].kz_zone[mtip->mti_zone]; 517#ifdef MALLOC_PROFILE 518 krequests[size >> KMEM_ZSHIFT]++; 519#endif 520 va = uma_zalloc(zone, flags); 521 if (va != NULL) 522 size = zone->uz_size; 523 malloc_type_zone_allocated(mtp, va == NULL ? 0 : size, indx); 524 } else { 525 size = roundup(size, PAGE_SIZE); 526 zone = NULL; 527 va = uma_large_malloc(size, flags); 528 malloc_type_allocated(mtp, va == NULL ? 0 : size); 529 } 530 if (flags & M_WAITOK) 531 KASSERT(va != NULL, ("malloc(M_WAITOK) returned NULL")); 532 else if (va == NULL) 533 t_malloc_fail = time_uptime; 534#ifdef DIAGNOSTIC 535 if (va != NULL && !(flags & M_ZERO)) { 536 memset(va, 0x70, osize); 537 } 538#endif 539#ifdef DEBUG_REDZONE 540 if (va != NULL) 541 va = redzone_setup(va, osize); 542#endif 543 return ((void *) va); 544} 545 546/* 547 * free: 548 * 549 * Free a block of memory allocated by malloc. 550 * 551 * This routine may not block. 552 */ 553void 554free(void *addr, struct malloc_type *mtp) 555{ 556 uma_slab_t slab; 557 u_long size; 558 559 KASSERT(mtp->ks_magic == M_MAGIC, ("free: bad malloc type magic")); 560 561 /* free(NULL, ...) does nothing */ 562 if (addr == NULL) 563 return; 564 565#ifdef DEBUG_MEMGUARD 566 if (is_memguard_addr(addr)) { 567 memguard_free(addr); 568 return; 569 } 570#endif 571 572#ifdef DEBUG_REDZONE 573 redzone_check(addr); 574 addr = redzone_addr_ntor(addr); 575#endif 576 577 slab = vtoslab((vm_offset_t)addr & (~UMA_SLAB_MASK)); 578 579 if (slab == NULL) 580 panic("free: address %p(%p) has not been allocated.\n", 581 addr, (void *)((u_long)addr & (~UMA_SLAB_MASK))); 582 583 584 if (!(slab->us_flags & UMA_SLAB_MALLOC)) { 585#ifdef INVARIANTS 586 struct malloc_type **mtpp = addr; 587#endif 588 size = slab->us_keg->uk_size; 589#ifdef INVARIANTS 590 /* 591 * Cache a pointer to the malloc_type that most recently freed 592 * this memory here. This way we know who is most likely to 593 * have stepped on it later. 594 * 595 * This code assumes that size is a multiple of 8 bytes for 596 * 64 bit machines 597 */ 598 mtpp = (struct malloc_type **) 599 ((unsigned long)mtpp & ~UMA_ALIGN_PTR); 600 mtpp += (size - sizeof(struct malloc_type *)) / 601 sizeof(struct malloc_type *); 602 *mtpp = mtp; 603#endif 604 uma_zfree_arg(LIST_FIRST(&slab->us_keg->uk_zones), addr, slab); 605 } else { 606 size = slab->us_size; 607 uma_large_free(slab); 608 } 609 malloc_type_freed(mtp, size); 610} 611 612/* 613 * realloc: change the size of a memory block 614 */ 615void * 616realloc(void *addr, unsigned long size, struct malloc_type *mtp, int flags) 617{ 618 uma_slab_t slab; 619 unsigned long alloc; 620 void *newaddr; 621 622 KASSERT(mtp->ks_magic == M_MAGIC, 623 ("realloc: bad malloc type magic")); 624 625 /* realloc(NULL, ...) is equivalent to malloc(...) */ 626 if (addr == NULL) 627 return (malloc(size, mtp, flags)); 628 629 /* 630 * XXX: Should report free of old memory and alloc of new memory to 631 * per-CPU stats. 632 */ 633 634#ifdef DEBUG_MEMGUARD 635 if (is_memguard_addr(addr)) 636 return (memguard_realloc(addr, size, mtp, flags)); 637#endif 638 639#ifdef DEBUG_REDZONE 640 slab = NULL; 641 alloc = redzone_get_size(addr); 642#else 643 slab = vtoslab((vm_offset_t)addr & ~(UMA_SLAB_MASK)); 644 645 /* Sanity check */ 646 KASSERT(slab != NULL, 647 ("realloc: address %p out of range", (void *)addr)); 648 649 /* Get the size of the original block */ 650 if (!(slab->us_flags & UMA_SLAB_MALLOC)) 651 alloc = slab->us_keg->uk_size; 652 else 653 alloc = slab->us_size; 654 655 /* Reuse the original block if appropriate */ 656 if (size <= alloc 657 && (size > (alloc >> REALLOC_FRACTION) || alloc == MINALLOCSIZE)) 658 return (addr); 659#endif /* !DEBUG_REDZONE */ 660 661 /* Allocate a new, bigger (or smaller) block */ 662 if ((newaddr = malloc(size, mtp, flags)) == NULL) 663 return (NULL); 664 665 /* Copy over original contents */ 666 bcopy(addr, newaddr, min(size, alloc)); 667 free(addr, mtp); 668 return (newaddr); 669} 670 671/* 672 * reallocf: same as realloc() but free memory on failure. 673 */ 674void * 675reallocf(void *addr, unsigned long size, struct malloc_type *mtp, int flags) 676{ 677 void *mem; 678 679 if ((mem = realloc(addr, size, mtp, flags)) == NULL) 680 free(addr, mtp); 681 return (mem); 682} 683 684/* 685 * Initialize the kernel memory allocator 686 */ 687/* ARGSUSED*/ 688static void 689kmeminit(void *dummy) 690{ 691 uint8_t indx; 692 u_long mem_size, tmp; 693 int i; 694 695 mtx_init(&malloc_mtx, "malloc", NULL, MTX_DEF); 696 697 /* 698 * Try to auto-tune the kernel memory size, so that it is 699 * more applicable for a wider range of machine sizes. The 700 * VM_KMEM_SIZE_MAX is dependent on the maximum KVA space 701 * available. 702 * 703 * Note that the kmem_map is also used by the zone allocator, 704 * so make sure that there is enough space. 705 */ 706 vm_kmem_size = VM_KMEM_SIZE + nmbclusters * PAGE_SIZE; 707 mem_size = cnt.v_page_count; 708 709#if defined(VM_KMEM_SIZE_SCALE) 710 vm_kmem_size_scale = VM_KMEM_SIZE_SCALE; 711#endif 712 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("vm.kmem_size_scale", &vm_kmem_size_scale); 713 if (vm_kmem_size_scale > 0 && 714 (mem_size / vm_kmem_size_scale) > (vm_kmem_size / PAGE_SIZE)) 715 vm_kmem_size = (mem_size / vm_kmem_size_scale) * PAGE_SIZE; 716 717#if defined(VM_KMEM_SIZE_MIN) 718 vm_kmem_size_min = VM_KMEM_SIZE_MIN; 719#endif 720 TUNABLE_ULONG_FETCH("vm.kmem_size_min", &vm_kmem_size_min); 721 if (vm_kmem_size_min > 0 && vm_kmem_size < vm_kmem_size_min) { 722 vm_kmem_size = vm_kmem_size_min; 723 } 724 725#if defined(VM_KMEM_SIZE_MAX) 726 vm_kmem_size_max = VM_KMEM_SIZE_MAX; 727#endif 728 TUNABLE_ULONG_FETCH("vm.kmem_size_max", &vm_kmem_size_max); 729 if (vm_kmem_size_max > 0 && vm_kmem_size >= vm_kmem_size_max) 730 vm_kmem_size = vm_kmem_size_max; 731 732 /* Allow final override from the kernel environment */ 733 TUNABLE_ULONG_FETCH("vm.kmem_size", &vm_kmem_size); 734 735 /* 736 * Limit kmem virtual size to twice the physical memory. 737 * This allows for kmem map sparseness, but limits the size 738 * to something sane. Be careful to not overflow the 32bit 739 * ints while doing the check or the adjustment. 740 */ 741 if (vm_kmem_size / 2 / PAGE_SIZE > mem_size) 742 vm_kmem_size = 2 * mem_size * PAGE_SIZE; 743 744#ifdef DEBUG_MEMGUARD 745 tmp = memguard_fudge(vm_kmem_size, kernel_map); 746#else 747 tmp = vm_kmem_size; 748#endif 749 kmem_map = kmem_suballoc(kernel_map, &kmembase, &kmemlimit, 750 tmp, TRUE); 751 kmem_map->system_map = 1; 752 753#ifdef DEBUG_MEMGUARD 754 /* 755 * Initialize MemGuard if support compiled in. MemGuard is a 756 * replacement allocator used for detecting tamper-after-free 757 * scenarios as they occur. It is only used for debugging. 758 */ 759 memguard_init(kmem_map); 760#endif 761 762 uma_startup2(); 763 764 mt_zone = uma_zcreate("mt_zone", sizeof(struct malloc_type_internal), 765#ifdef INVARIANTS 766 mtrash_ctor, mtrash_dtor, mtrash_init, mtrash_fini, 767#else 768 NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 769#endif 770 UMA_ALIGN_PTR, UMA_ZONE_MALLOC); 771 for (i = 0, indx = 0; kmemzones[indx].kz_size != 0; indx++) { 772 int size = kmemzones[indx].kz_size; 773 char *name = kmemzones[indx].kz_name; 774 int subzone; 775 776 for (subzone = 0; subzone < numzones; subzone++) { 777 kmemzones[indx].kz_zone[subzone] = 778 uma_zcreate(name, size, 779#ifdef INVARIANTS 780 mtrash_ctor, mtrash_dtor, mtrash_init, mtrash_fini, 781#else 782 NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 783#endif 784 UMA_ALIGN_PTR, UMA_ZONE_MALLOC); 785 } 786 for (;i <= size; i+= KMEM_ZBASE) 787 kmemsize[i >> KMEM_ZSHIFT] = indx; 788 789 } 790} 791 792void 793malloc_init(void *data) 794{ 795 struct malloc_type_internal *mtip; 796 struct malloc_type *mtp; 797 798 KASSERT(cnt.v_page_count != 0, ("malloc_register before vm_init")); 799 800 mtp = data; 801 if (mtp->ks_magic != M_MAGIC) 802 panic("malloc_init: bad malloc type magic"); 803 804 mtip = uma_zalloc(mt_zone, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO); 805 mtp->ks_handle = mtip; 806 mtip->mti_zone = mtp_get_subzone(mtp->ks_shortdesc); 807 808 mtx_lock(&malloc_mtx); 809 mtp->ks_next = kmemstatistics; 810 kmemstatistics = mtp; 811 kmemcount++; 812 mtx_unlock(&malloc_mtx); 813} 814 815void 816malloc_uninit(void *data) 817{ 818 struct malloc_type_internal *mtip; 819 struct malloc_type_stats *mtsp; 820 struct malloc_type *mtp, *temp; 821 uma_slab_t slab; 822 long temp_allocs, temp_bytes; 823 int i; 824 825 mtp = data; 826 KASSERT(mtp->ks_magic == M_MAGIC, 827 ("malloc_uninit: bad malloc type magic")); 828 KASSERT(mtp->ks_handle != NULL, ("malloc_deregister: cookie NULL")); 829 830 mtx_lock(&malloc_mtx); 831 mtip = mtp->ks_handle; 832 mtp->ks_handle = NULL; 833 if (mtp != kmemstatistics) { 834 for (temp = kmemstatistics; temp != NULL; 835 temp = temp->ks_next) { 836 if (temp->ks_next == mtp) { 837 temp->ks_next = mtp->ks_next; 838 break; 839 } 840 } 841 KASSERT(temp, 842 ("malloc_uninit: type '%s' not found", mtp->ks_shortdesc)); 843 } else 844 kmemstatistics = mtp->ks_next; 845 kmemcount--; 846 mtx_unlock(&malloc_mtx); 847 848 /* 849 * Look for memory leaks. 850 */ 851 temp_allocs = temp_bytes = 0; 852 for (i = 0; i < MAXCPU; i++) { 853 mtsp = &mtip->mti_stats[i]; 854 temp_allocs += mtsp->mts_numallocs; 855 temp_allocs -= mtsp->mts_numfrees; 856 temp_bytes += mtsp->mts_memalloced; 857 temp_bytes -= mtsp->mts_memfreed; 858 } 859 if (temp_allocs > 0 || temp_bytes > 0) { 860 printf("Warning: memory type %s leaked memory on destroy " 861 "(%ld allocations, %ld bytes leaked).\n", mtp->ks_shortdesc, 862 temp_allocs, temp_bytes); 863 } 864 865 slab = vtoslab((vm_offset_t) mtip & (~UMA_SLAB_MASK)); 866 uma_zfree_arg(mt_zone, mtip, slab); 867} 868 869struct malloc_type * 870malloc_desc2type(const char *desc) 871{ 872 struct malloc_type *mtp; 873 874 mtx_assert(&malloc_mtx, MA_OWNED); 875 for (mtp = kmemstatistics; mtp != NULL; mtp = mtp->ks_next) { 876 if (strcmp(mtp->ks_shortdesc, desc) == 0) 877 return (mtp); 878 } 879 return (NULL); 880} 881 882static int 883sysctl_kern_malloc_stats(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS) 884{ 885 struct malloc_type_stream_header mtsh; 886 struct malloc_type_internal *mtip; 887 struct malloc_type_header mth; 888 struct malloc_type *mtp; 889 int error, i; 890 struct sbuf sbuf; 891 892 error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, 0); 893 if (error != 0) 894 return (error); 895 sbuf_new_for_sysctl(&sbuf, NULL, 128, req); 896 mtx_lock(&malloc_mtx); 897 898 /* 899 * Insert stream header. 900 */ 901 bzero(&mtsh, sizeof(mtsh)); 902 mtsh.mtsh_version = MALLOC_TYPE_STREAM_VERSION; 903 mtsh.mtsh_maxcpus = MAXCPU; 904 mtsh.mtsh_count = kmemcount; 905 (void)sbuf_bcat(&sbuf, &mtsh, sizeof(mtsh)); 906 907 /* 908 * Insert alternating sequence of type headers and type statistics. 909 */ 910 for (mtp = kmemstatistics; mtp != NULL; mtp = mtp->ks_next) { 911 mtip = (struct malloc_type_internal *)mtp->ks_handle; 912 913 /* 914 * Insert type header. 915 */ 916 bzero(&mth, sizeof(mth)); 917 strlcpy(mth.mth_name, mtp->ks_shortdesc, MALLOC_MAX_NAME); 918 (void)sbuf_bcat(&sbuf, &mth, sizeof(mth)); 919 920 /* 921 * Insert type statistics for each CPU. 922 */ 923 for (i = 0; i < MAXCPU; i++) { 924 (void)sbuf_bcat(&sbuf, &mtip->mti_stats[i], 925 sizeof(mtip->mti_stats[i])); 926 } 927 } 928 mtx_unlock(&malloc_mtx); 929 error = sbuf_finish(&sbuf); 930 sbuf_delete(&sbuf); 931 return (error); 932} 933 934SYSCTL_PROC(_kern, OID_AUTO, malloc_stats, CTLFLAG_RD|CTLTYPE_STRUCT, 935 0, 0, sysctl_kern_malloc_stats, "s,malloc_type_ustats", 936 "Return malloc types"); 937 938SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, malloc_count, CTLFLAG_RD, &kmemcount, 0, 939 "Count of kernel malloc types"); 940 941void 942malloc_type_list(malloc_type_list_func_t *func, void *arg) 943{ 944 struct malloc_type *mtp, **bufmtp; 945 int count, i; 946 size_t buflen; 947 948 mtx_lock(&malloc_mtx); 949restart: 950 mtx_assert(&malloc_mtx, MA_OWNED); 951 count = kmemcount; 952 mtx_unlock(&malloc_mtx); 953 954 buflen = sizeof(struct malloc_type *) * count; 955 bufmtp = malloc(buflen, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK); 956 957 mtx_lock(&malloc_mtx); 958 959 if (count < kmemcount) { 960 free(bufmtp, M_TEMP); 961 goto restart; 962 } 963 964 for (mtp = kmemstatistics, i = 0; mtp != NULL; mtp = mtp->ks_next, i++) 965 bufmtp[i] = mtp; 966 967 mtx_unlock(&malloc_mtx); 968 969 for (i = 0; i < count; i++) 970 (func)(bufmtp[i], arg); 971 972 free(bufmtp, M_TEMP); 973} 974 975#ifdef DDB 976DB_SHOW_COMMAND(malloc, db_show_malloc) 977{ 978 struct malloc_type_internal *mtip; 979 struct malloc_type *mtp; 980 uint64_t allocs, frees; 981 uint64_t alloced, freed; 982 int i; 983 984 db_printf("%18s %12s %12s %12s\n", "Type", "InUse", "MemUse", 985 "Requests"); 986 for (mtp = kmemstatistics; mtp != NULL; mtp = mtp->ks_next) { 987 mtip = (struct malloc_type_internal *)mtp->ks_handle; 988 allocs = 0; 989 frees = 0; 990 alloced = 0; 991 freed = 0; 992 for (i = 0; i < MAXCPU; i++) { 993 allocs += mtip->mti_stats[i].mts_numallocs; 994 frees += mtip->mti_stats[i].mts_numfrees; 995 alloced += mtip->mti_stats[i].mts_memalloced; 996 freed += mtip->mti_stats[i].mts_memfreed; 997 } 998 db_printf("%18s %12ju %12juK %12ju\n", 999 mtp->ks_shortdesc, allocs - frees, 1000 (alloced - freed + 1023) / 1024, allocs); 1001 if (db_pager_quit) 1002 break; 1003 } 1004} 1005 1006#if MALLOC_DEBUG_MAXZONES > 1 1007DB_SHOW_COMMAND(multizone_matches, db_show_multizone_matches) 1008{ 1009 struct malloc_type_internal *mtip; 1010 struct malloc_type *mtp; 1011 u_int subzone; 1012 1013 if (!have_addr) { 1014 db_printf("Usage: show multizone_matches <malloc type/addr>\n"); 1015 return; 1016 } 1017 mtp = (void *)addr; 1018 if (mtp->ks_magic != M_MAGIC) { 1019 db_printf("Magic %lx does not match expected %x\n", 1020 mtp->ks_magic, M_MAGIC); 1021 return; 1022 } 1023 1024 mtip = mtp->ks_handle; 1025 subzone = mtip->mti_zone; 1026 1027 for (mtp = kmemstatistics; mtp != NULL; mtp = mtp->ks_next) { 1028 mtip = mtp->ks_handle; 1029 if (mtip->mti_zone != subzone) 1030 continue; 1031 db_printf("%s\n", mtp->ks_shortdesc); 1032 if (db_pager_quit) 1033 break; 1034 } 1035} 1036#endif /* MALLOC_DEBUG_MAXZONES > 1 */ 1037#endif /* DDB */ 1038 1039#ifdef MALLOC_PROFILE 1040 1041static int 1042sysctl_kern_mprof(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS) 1043{ 1044 struct sbuf sbuf; 1045 uint64_t count; 1046 uint64_t waste; 1047 uint64_t mem; 1048 int error; 1049 int rsize; 1050 int size; 1051 int i; 1052 1053 waste = 0; 1054 mem = 0; 1055 1056 error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, 0); 1057 if (error != 0) 1058 return (error); 1059 sbuf_new_for_sysctl(&sbuf, NULL, 128, req); 1060 sbuf_printf(&sbuf, 1061 "\n Size Requests Real Size\n"); 1062 for (i = 0; i < KMEM_ZSIZE; i++) { 1063 size = i << KMEM_ZSHIFT; 1064 rsize = kmemzones[kmemsize[i]].kz_size; 1065 count = (long long unsigned)krequests[i]; 1066 1067 sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "%6d%28llu%11d\n", size, 1068 (unsigned long long)count, rsize); 1069 1070 if ((rsize * count) > (size * count)) 1071 waste += (rsize * count) - (size * count); 1072 mem += (rsize * count); 1073 } 1074 sbuf_printf(&sbuf, 1075 "\nTotal memory used:\t%30llu\nTotal Memory wasted:\t%30llu\n", 1076 (unsigned long long)mem, (unsigned long long)waste); 1077 error = sbuf_finish(&sbuf); 1078 sbuf_delete(&sbuf); 1079 return (error); 1080} 1081 1082SYSCTL_OID(_kern, OID_AUTO, mprof, CTLTYPE_STRING|CTLFLAG_RD, 1083 NULL, 0, sysctl_kern_mprof, "A", "Malloc Profiling"); 1084#endif /* MALLOC_PROFILE */ 1085