ping.c revision 17474
1/* 2 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 6 * Mike Muuss. 7 * 8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10 * are met: 11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 15 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 17 * must display the following acknowledgement: 18 * This product includes software developed by the University of 19 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 20 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 21 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 22 * without specific prior written permission. 23 * 24 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 25 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 26 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 27 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 28 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 29 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 30 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 31 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 32 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 33 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 34 * SUCH DAMAGE. 35 */ 36 37#ifndef lint 38static char copyright[] = 39"@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\ 40 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; 41#endif /* not lint */ 42 43#ifndef lint 44static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ping.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93"; 45#endif /* not lint */ 46 47/* 48 * P I N G . C 49 * 50 * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, 51 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. 52 * 53 * Author - 54 * Mike Muuss 55 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory 56 * December, 1983 57 * 58 * Status - 59 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. 60 * Bugs - 61 * More statistics could always be gathered. 62 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. 63 */ 64 65#include <sys/param.h> 66#include <sys/socket.h> 67#include <sys/file.h> 68#include <sys/time.h> 69#include <sys/signal.h> 70#include <termios.h> 71 72#include <netinet/in_systm.h> 73#include <netinet/in.h> 74#include <netinet/ip.h> 75#include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 76#include <netinet/ip_var.h> 77#include <netdb.h> 78#include <unistd.h> 79#include <stdio.h> 80#include <ctype.h> 81#include <errno.h> 82#include <string.h> 83 84#define DEFDATALEN (64 - 8) /* default data length */ 85#define MAXIPLEN 60 86#define MAXICMPLEN 76 87#define MAXPACKET (65536 - 60 - 8)/* max packet size */ 88#define MAXWAIT 10 /* max seconds to wait for response */ 89#define NROUTES 9 /* number of record route slots */ 90 91#define A(bit) rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3] /* identify byte in array */ 92#define B(bit) (1 << ((bit) & 0x07)) /* identify bit in byte */ 93#define SET(bit) (A(bit) |= B(bit)) 94#define CLR(bit) (A(bit) &= (~B(bit))) 95#define TST(bit) (A(bit) & B(bit)) 96 97/* various options */ 98int options; 99#define F_FLOOD 0x001 100#define F_INTERVAL 0x002 101#define F_NUMERIC 0x004 102#define F_PINGFILLED 0x008 103#define F_QUIET 0x010 104#define F_RROUTE 0x020 105#define F_SO_DEBUG 0x040 106#define F_SO_DONTROUTE 0x080 107#define F_VERBOSE 0x100 108 109/* 110 * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum 111 * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of. Change 128 112 * to 8192 for complete accuracy... 113 */ 114#define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 128) 115int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK; 116char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8]; 117 118struct sockaddr whereto; /* who to ping */ 119int datalen = DEFDATALEN; 120int s; /* socket file descriptor */ 121u_char outpack[MAXPACKET]; 122char BSPACE = '\b'; /* characters written for flood */ 123char DOT = '.'; 124char *hostname; 125int ident; /* process id to identify our packets */ 126 127/* counters */ 128long npackets; /* max packets to transmit */ 129long nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */ 130long nrepeats; /* number of duplicates */ 131long ntransmitted; /* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */ 132int interval = 1; /* interval between packets */ 133 134/* timing */ 135int timing; /* flag to do timing */ 136double tmin = 999999999.0; /* minimum round trip time */ 137double tmax = 0.0; /* maximum round trip time */ 138double tsum = 0.0; /* sum of all times, for doing average */ 139 140int reset_kerninfo; 141 142char *pr_addr(); 143void catcher(), finish(), status(); 144 145main(argc, argv) 146 int argc; 147 char **argv; 148{ 149 extern int errno, optind; 150 extern char *optarg; 151 struct timeval timeout; 152 struct hostent *hp; 153 struct sockaddr_in *to; 154 struct protoent *proto; 155 struct termios ts; 156 register int i; 157 int ch, fdmask, hold, packlen, preload, sockerrno; 158 u_char *datap, *packet; 159 char *target, hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], *malloc(); 160#ifdef IP_OPTIONS 161 char rspace[3 + 4 * NROUTES + 1]; /* record route space */ 162#endif 163 164 /* 165 * Do the stuff that we need root priv's for *first*, and 166 * then drop our setuid bit. Save error reporting for 167 * after arg parsing. 168 */ 169 proto = getprotobyname("icmp"); 170 if (proto) { 171 s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, proto->p_proto); 172 sockerrno = errno; 173 } 174 175 setuid(getuid()); 176 177 preload = 0; 178 if (tcgetattr (0, &ts) != -1) { 179 reset_kerninfo = !(ts.c_lflag & NOKERNINFO); 180 ts.c_lflag |= NOKERNINFO; 181 tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &ts); 182 } 183 184 datap = &outpack[8 + sizeof(struct timeval)]; 185 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "Rc:dfh:i:l:np:qrs:v")) != EOF) 186 switch(ch) { 187 case 'c': 188 npackets = atoi(optarg); 189 if (npackets <= 0) { 190 (void)fprintf(stderr, 191 "ping: bad number of packets to transmit.\n"); 192 exit(1); 193 } 194 break; 195 case 'd': 196 options |= F_SO_DEBUG; 197 break; 198 case 'f': 199 if (getuid()) { 200 (void)fprintf(stderr, 201 "ping: %s\n", strerror(EPERM)); 202 exit(1); 203 } 204 options |= F_FLOOD; 205 setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL); 206 break; 207 case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */ 208 interval = atoi(optarg); 209 if (interval <= 0) { 210 (void)fprintf(stderr, 211 "ping: bad timing interval.\n"); 212 exit(1); 213 } 214 options |= F_INTERVAL; 215 break; 216 case 'l': 217 preload = atoi(optarg); 218 if (preload < 0) { 219 (void)fprintf(stderr, 220 "ping: bad preload value.\n"); 221 exit(1); 222 } 223 break; 224 case 'n': 225 options |= F_NUMERIC; 226 break; 227 case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */ 228 options |= F_PINGFILLED; 229 fill((char *)datap, optarg); 230 break; 231 case 'q': 232 options |= F_QUIET; 233 break; 234 case 'R': 235 options |= F_RROUTE; 236 break; 237 case 'r': 238 options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE; 239 break; 240 case 's': /* size of packet to send */ 241 datalen = atoi(optarg); 242 if (datalen > MAXPACKET) { 243 (void)fprintf(stderr, 244 "ping: packet size too large.\n"); 245 exit(1); 246 } 247 if (datalen <= 0) { 248 (void)fprintf(stderr, 249 "ping: illegal packet size.\n"); 250 exit(1); 251 } 252 break; 253 case 'v': 254 options |= F_VERBOSE; 255 break; 256 default: 257 usage(); 258 } 259 argc -= optind; 260 argv += optind; 261 262 if (argc != 1) 263 usage(); 264 target = *argv; 265 266 bzero((char *)&whereto, sizeof(struct sockaddr)); 267 to = (struct sockaddr_in *)&whereto; 268 to->sin_family = AF_INET; 269 to->sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(target); 270 if (to->sin_addr.s_addr != (u_int)-1) 271 hostname = target; 272 else { 273 hp = gethostbyname(target); 274 if (!hp) { 275 (void)fprintf(stderr, 276 "ping: unknown host %s\n", target); 277 exit(1); 278 } 279 to->sin_family = hp->h_addrtype; 280 bcopy(hp->h_addr, (caddr_t)&to->sin_addr, hp->h_length); 281 (void)strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1); 282 hostname = hnamebuf; 283 } 284 285 if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL) { 286 (void)fprintf(stderr, 287 "ping: -f and -i incompatible options.\n"); 288 exit(1); 289 } 290 291 if (datalen >= sizeof(struct timeval)) /* can we time transfer */ 292 timing = 1; 293 packlen = datalen + MAXIPLEN + MAXICMPLEN; 294 if (!(packet = (u_char *)malloc((u_int)packlen))) { 295 (void)fprintf(stderr, "ping: out of memory.\n"); 296 exit(1); 297 } 298 if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED)) 299 for (i = 8; i < datalen; ++i) 300 *datap++ = i; 301 302 ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF; 303 304 if (!proto) { 305 (void)fprintf(stderr, "ping: unknown protocol icmp.\n"); 306 exit(1); 307 } 308 if (s < 0) { 309 errno = sockerrno; 310 perror("ping: socket"); 311 exit(1); 312 } 313 hold = 1; 314 if (options & F_SO_DEBUG) 315 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold, 316 sizeof(hold)); 317 if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE) 318 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold, 319 sizeof(hold)); 320 321 /* record route option */ 322 if (options & F_RROUTE) { 323#ifdef IP_OPTIONS 324 rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR; 325 rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace)-1; 326 rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 327 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace, 328 sizeof(rspace)) < 0) { 329 perror("ping: record route"); 330 exit(1); 331 } 332#else 333 (void)fprintf(stderr, 334 "ping: record route not available in this implementation.\n"); 335 exit(1); 336#endif /* IP_OPTIONS */ 337 } 338 339 /* 340 * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers. 341 * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the 342 * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for 343 * /etc/ethers. 344 */ 345 hold = 48 * 1024; 346 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold, 347 sizeof(hold)); 348 349 if (to->sin_family == AF_INET) 350 (void)printf("PING %s (%s): %d data bytes\n", hostname, 351 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&to->sin_addr.s_addr), 352 datalen); 353 else 354 (void)printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen); 355 356 (void)signal(SIGINT, finish); 357 (void)signal(SIGALRM, catcher); 358 (void)signal(SIGINFO, status); 359 360 while (preload--) /* fire off them quickies */ 361 pinger(); 362 363 if ((options & F_FLOOD) == 0) 364 catcher(); /* start things going */ 365 366 for (;;) { 367 struct sockaddr_in from; 368 register int cc; 369 int fromlen; 370 371 if (options & F_FLOOD) { 372 pinger(); 373 timeout.tv_sec = 0; 374 timeout.tv_usec = 10000; 375 fdmask = 1 << s; 376 if (select(s + 1, (fd_set *)&fdmask, (fd_set *)NULL, 377 (fd_set *)NULL, &timeout) < 1) 378 continue; 379 } 380 fromlen = sizeof(from); 381 if ((cc = recvfrom(s, (char *)packet, packlen, 0, 382 (struct sockaddr *)&from, &fromlen)) < 0) { 383 if (errno == EINTR) 384 continue; 385 perror("ping: recvfrom"); 386 continue; 387 } 388 pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from); 389 if (npackets && nreceived >= npackets) 390 break; 391 } 392 finish(); 393 /* NOTREACHED */ 394} 395 396/* 397 * catcher -- 398 * This routine causes another PING to be transmitted, and then 399 * schedules another SIGALRM for 1 second from now. 400 * 401 * bug -- 402 * Our sense of time will slowly skew (i.e., packets will not be 403 * launched exactly at 1-second intervals). This does not affect the 404 * quality of the delay and loss statistics. 405 */ 406void 407catcher() 408{ 409 int waittime; 410 411 pinger(); 412 (void)signal(SIGALRM, catcher); 413 if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets) 414 alarm((u_int)interval); 415 else { 416 if (nreceived) { 417 waittime = 2 * tmax / 1000; 418 if (!waittime) 419 waittime = 1; 420 } else 421 waittime = MAXWAIT; 422 (void)signal(SIGALRM, finish); 423 (void)alarm((u_int)waittime); 424 } 425} 426 427/* 428 * pinger -- 429 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet 430 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, 431 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first 8 bytes 432 * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in VAX 433 * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time. 434 */ 435pinger() 436{ 437 register struct icmp *icp; 438 register int cc; 439 int i; 440 441 icp = (struct icmp *)outpack; 442 icp->icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; 443 icp->icmp_code = 0; 444 icp->icmp_cksum = 0; 445 icp->icmp_seq = ntransmitted++; 446 icp->icmp_id = ident; /* ID */ 447 448 CLR(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck); 449 450 if (timing) 451 (void)gettimeofday((struct timeval *)&outpack[8], 452 (struct timezone *)NULL); 453 454 cc = datalen + 8; /* skips ICMP portion */ 455 456 /* compute ICMP checksum here */ 457 icp->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc); 458 459 i = sendto(s, (char *)outpack, cc, 0, &whereto, 460 sizeof(struct sockaddr)); 461 462 if (i < 0 || i != cc) { 463 if (i < 0) 464 perror("ping: sendto"); 465 (void)printf("ping: wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d\n", 466 hostname, cc, i); 467 } 468 if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_FLOOD) 469 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT, 1); 470} 471 472/* 473 * pr_pack -- 474 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary 475 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets 476 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this 477 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). 478 */ 479pr_pack(buf, cc, from) 480 char *buf; 481 int cc; 482 struct sockaddr_in *from; 483{ 484 register struct icmp *icp; 485 register u_long l; 486 register int i, j; 487 register u_char *cp,*dp; 488 static int old_rrlen; 489 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 490 struct ip *ip; 491 struct timeval tv, *tp; 492 double triptime; 493 int hlen, dupflag; 494 495 (void)gettimeofday(&tv, (struct timezone *)NULL); 496 497 /* Check the IP header */ 498 ip = (struct ip *)buf; 499 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 500 if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) { 501 if (options & F_VERBOSE) 502 (void)fprintf(stderr, 503 "ping: packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", cc, 504 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr)); 505 return; 506 } 507 508 /* Now the ICMP part */ 509 cc -= hlen; 510 icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen); 511 if (icp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY) { 512 if (icp->icmp_id != ident) 513 return; /* 'Twas not our ECHO */ 514 ++nreceived; 515 if (timing) { 516#ifndef icmp_data 517 tp = (struct timeval *)&icp->icmp_ip; 518#else 519 tp = (struct timeval *)icp->icmp_data; 520#endif 521 tvsub(&tv, tp); 522 triptime = ((double)tv.tv_sec) * 1000.0 + 523 ((double)tv.tv_usec) / 1000.0; 524 tsum += triptime; 525 if (triptime < tmin) 526 tmin = triptime; 527 if (triptime > tmax) 528 tmax = triptime; 529 } 530 531 if (TST(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck)) { 532 ++nrepeats; 533 --nreceived; 534 dupflag = 1; 535 } else { 536 SET(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck); 537 dupflag = 0; 538 } 539 540 if (options & F_QUIET) 541 return; 542 543 if (options & F_FLOOD) 544 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1); 545 else { 546 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc, 547 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr), 548 icp->icmp_seq); 549 (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ip->ip_ttl); 550 if (timing) 551 (void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime); 552 if (dupflag) 553 (void)printf(" (DUP!)"); 554 /* check the data */ 555 cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[8]; 556 dp = &outpack[8 + sizeof(struct timeval)]; 557 for (i = 8; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp, ++dp) { 558 if (*cp != *dp) { 559 (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x", 560 i, *dp, *cp); 561 cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[0]; 562 for (i = 8; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) { 563 if ((i % 32) == 8) 564 (void)printf("\n\t"); 565 (void)printf("%x ", *cp); 566 } 567 break; 568 } 569 } 570 } 571 } else { 572 /* We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY */ 573 if (!(options & F_VERBOSE)) 574 return; 575 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc, 576 pr_addr(from->sin_addr.s_addr)); 577 pr_icmph(icp); 578 } 579 580 /* Display any IP options */ 581 cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip); 582 583 for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp) 584 switch (*cp) { 585 case IPOPT_EOL: 586 hlen = 0; 587 break; 588 case IPOPT_LSRR: 589 (void)printf("\nLSRR: "); 590 hlen -= 2; 591 j = *++cp; 592 ++cp; 593 if (j > IPOPT_MINOFF) 594 for (;;) { 595 l = *++cp; 596 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 597 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 598 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 599 if (l == 0) 600 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0"); 601 else 602 (void)printf("\t%s", pr_addr(ntohl(l))); 603 hlen -= 4; 604 j -= 4; 605 if (j <= IPOPT_MINOFF) 606 break; 607 (void)putchar('\n'); 608 } 609 break; 610 case IPOPT_RR: 611 j = *++cp; /* get length */ 612 i = *++cp; /* and pointer */ 613 hlen -= 2; 614 if (i > j) 615 i = j; 616 i -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 617 if (i <= 0) 618 continue; 619 if (i == old_rrlen 620 && cp == (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip) + 2 621 && !bcmp((char *)cp, old_rr, i) 622 && !(options & F_FLOOD)) { 623 (void)printf("\t(same route)"); 624 i = ((i + 3) / 4) * 4; 625 hlen -= i; 626 cp += i; 627 break; 628 } 629 old_rrlen = i; 630 bcopy((char *)cp, old_rr, i); 631 (void)printf("\nRR: "); 632 for (;;) { 633 l = *++cp; 634 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 635 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 636 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 637 if (l == 0) 638 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0"); 639 else 640 (void)printf("\t%s", pr_addr(ntohl(l))); 641 hlen -= 4; 642 i -= 4; 643 if (i <= 0) 644 break; 645 (void)putchar('\n'); 646 } 647 break; 648 case IPOPT_NOP: 649 (void)printf("\nNOP"); 650 break; 651 default: 652 (void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp); 653 break; 654 } 655 if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) { 656 (void)putchar('\n'); 657 (void)fflush(stdout); 658 } 659} 660 661/* 662 * in_cksum -- 663 * Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version) 664 */ 665in_cksum(addr, len) 666 u_short *addr; 667 int len; 668{ 669 register int nleft = len; 670 register u_short *w = addr; 671 register int sum = 0; 672 u_short answer = 0; 673 674 /* 675 * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add 676 * sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the 677 * carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits. 678 */ 679 while (nleft > 1) { 680 sum += *w++; 681 nleft -= 2; 682 } 683 684 /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */ 685 if (nleft == 1) { 686 *(u_char *)(&answer) = *(u_char *)w ; 687 sum += answer; 688 } 689 690 /* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */ 691 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */ 692 sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */ 693 answer = ~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */ 694 return(answer); 695} 696 697/* 698 * tvsub -- 699 * Subtract 2 timeval structs: out = out - in. Out is assumed to 700 * be >= in. 701 */ 702tvsub(out, in) 703 register struct timeval *out, *in; 704{ 705 if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) { 706 --out->tv_sec; 707 out->tv_usec += 1000000; 708 } 709 out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec; 710} 711 712/* 713 * status -- 714 * Print out statistics when SIGINFO is received. 715 */ 716 717void 718status() 719{ 720 double temp_min = nreceived ? tmin : 0; 721 (void)fprintf(stderr, "%ld/%ld packets received (%ld%%) " 722 "%.3f min / %.3f avg / %.3f max\n", 723 nreceived, ntransmitted, 724 (ntransmitted ? 725 100 - (int) (((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100) 726 / ntransmitted) 727 : 0), 728 temp_min, 729 ((nreceived + nrepeats) ? 730 (tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats))/1000.0 731 : tsum), 732 tmax/ 1000.0); 733} 734 735/* 736 * finish -- 737 * Print out statistics, and give up. 738 */ 739void 740finish() 741{ 742 register int i; 743 struct termios ts; 744 745 (void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN); 746 (void)putchar('\n'); 747 (void)fflush(stdout); 748 (void)printf("--- %s ping statistics ---\n", hostname); 749 (void)printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted); 750 (void)printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived); 751 if (nrepeats) 752 (void)printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats); 753 if (ntransmitted) 754 if (nreceived > ntransmitted) 755 (void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!"); 756 else 757 (void)printf("%d%% packet loss", 758 (int) (((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100) / 759 ntransmitted)); 760 (void)putchar('\n'); 761 if (nreceived && timing) { 762 /* Only display average to microseconds */ 763 i = 1000.0 * tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats); 764 (void)printf("round-trip min/avg/max = %.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n", 765 tmin, ((double)i) / 1000.0, tmax); 766 } 767 if (reset_kerninfo && tcgetattr (0, &ts) != -1) { 768 ts.c_lflag &= ~NOKERNINFO; 769 tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &ts); 770 } 771 772 if (nreceived) 773 exit(0); 774 else 775 exit(2); 776} 777 778#ifdef notdef 779static char *ttab[] = { 780 "Echo Reply", /* ip + seq + udata */ 781 "Dest Unreachable", /* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */ 782 "Source Quench", /* IP */ 783 "Redirect", /* redirect type, gateway, + IP */ 784 "Echo", 785 "Time Exceeded", /* transit, frag reassem + IP */ 786 "Parameter Problem", /* pointer + IP */ 787 "Timestamp", /* id + seq + three timestamps */ 788 "Timestamp Reply", /* " */ 789 "Info Request", /* id + sq */ 790 "Info Reply" /* " */ 791}; 792#endif 793 794/* 795 * pr_icmph -- 796 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header. 797 */ 798pr_icmph(icp) 799 struct icmp *icp; 800{ 801 switch(icp->icmp_type) { 802 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: 803 (void)printf("Echo Reply\n"); 804 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ 805 break; 806 case ICMP_UNREACH: 807 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 808 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET: 809 (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n"); 810 break; 811 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST: 812 (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n"); 813 break; 814 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL: 815 (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n"); 816 break; 817 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT: 818 (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n"); 819 break; 820 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG: 821 (void)printf("frag needed and DF set\n"); 822 break; 823 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL: 824 (void)printf("Source Route Failed\n"); 825 break; 826 default: 827 (void)printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n", 828 icp->icmp_code); 829 break; 830 } 831 /* Print returned IP header information */ 832#ifndef icmp_data 833 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 834#else 835 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 836#endif 837 break; 838 case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH: 839 (void)printf("Source Quench\n"); 840#ifndef icmp_data 841 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 842#else 843 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 844#endif 845 break; 846 case ICMP_REDIRECT: 847 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 848 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET: 849 (void)printf("Redirect Network"); 850 break; 851 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST: 852 (void)printf("Redirect Host"); 853 break; 854 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET: 855 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network"); 856 break; 857 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST: 858 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host"); 859 break; 860 default: 861 (void)printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code); 862 break; 863 } 864 (void)printf("(New addr: 0x%08lx)\n", icp->icmp_gwaddr.s_addr); 865#ifndef icmp_data 866 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 867#else 868 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 869#endif 870 break; 871 case ICMP_ECHO: 872 (void)printf("Echo Request\n"); 873 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ 874 break; 875 case ICMP_TIMXCEED: 876 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 877 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS: 878 (void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n"); 879 break; 880 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS: 881 (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n"); 882 break; 883 default: 884 (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n", 885 icp->icmp_code); 886 break; 887 } 888#ifndef icmp_data 889 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 890#else 891 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 892#endif 893 break; 894 case ICMP_PARAMPROB: 895 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x\n", 896 icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr); 897#ifndef icmp_data 898 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 899#else 900 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 901#endif 902 break; 903 case ICMP_TSTAMP: 904 (void)printf("Timestamp\n"); 905 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ 906 break; 907 case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY: 908 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply\n"); 909 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ 910 break; 911 case ICMP_IREQ: 912 (void)printf("Information Request\n"); 913 /* XXX ID + Seq */ 914 break; 915 case ICMP_IREQREPLY: 916 (void)printf("Information Reply\n"); 917 /* XXX ID + Seq */ 918 break; 919#ifdef ICMP_MASKREQ 920 case ICMP_MASKREQ: 921 (void)printf("Address Mask Request\n"); 922 break; 923#endif 924#ifdef ICMP_MASKREPLY 925 case ICMP_MASKREPLY: 926 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply\n"); 927 break; 928#endif 929 default: 930 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type); 931 } 932} 933 934/* 935 * pr_iph -- 936 * Print an IP header with options. 937 */ 938pr_iph(ip) 939 struct ip *ip; 940{ 941 int hlen; 942 u_char *cp; 943 944 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 945 cp = (u_char *)ip + 20; /* point to options */ 946 947 (void)printf("Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst Data\n"); 948 (void)printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", 949 ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ip->ip_len, ip->ip_id); 950 (void)printf(" %1x %04x", ((ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13, 951 (ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff); 952 (void)printf(" %02x %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p, ip->ip_sum); 953 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr)); 954 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr)); 955 /* dump and option bytes */ 956 while (hlen-- > 20) { 957 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++); 958 } 959 (void)putchar('\n'); 960} 961 962/* 963 * pr_addr -- 964 * Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with 965 * a hostname. 966 */ 967char * 968pr_addr(l) 969 u_long l; 970{ 971 struct hostent *hp; 972 static char buf[80]; 973 974 if ((options & F_NUMERIC) || 975 !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&l, 4, AF_INET))) 976 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s", 977 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&l)); 978 else 979 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name, 980 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&l)); 981 return(buf); 982} 983 984/* 985 * pr_retip -- 986 * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet. 987 */ 988pr_retip(ip) 989 struct ip *ip; 990{ 991 int hlen; 992 u_char *cp; 993 994 pr_iph(ip); 995 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 996 cp = (u_char *)ip + hlen; 997 998 if (ip->ip_p == 6) 999 (void)printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n", 1000 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3))); 1001 else if (ip->ip_p == 17) 1002 (void)printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n", 1003 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3))); 1004} 1005 1006fill(bp, patp) 1007 char *bp, *patp; 1008{ 1009 register int ii, jj, kk; 1010 int pat[16]; 1011 char *cp; 1012 1013 for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++) 1014 if (!isxdigit(*cp)) { 1015 (void)fprintf(stderr, 1016 "ping: patterns must be specified as hex digits.\n"); 1017 exit(1); 1018 } 1019 ii = sscanf(patp, 1020 "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x", 1021 &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6], 1022 &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12], 1023 &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]); 1024 1025 if (ii > 0) 1026 for (kk = 0; 1027 kk <= MAXPACKET - (8 + sizeof(struct timeval) + ii); 1028 kk += ii) 1029 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj) 1030 bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj]; 1031 if (!(options & F_QUIET)) { 1032 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x"); 1033 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj) 1034 (void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF); 1035 (void)printf("\n"); 1036 } 1037} 1038 1039usage() 1040{ 1041 (void)fprintf(stderr, 1042 "usage: ping [-Rdfnqrv] [-c count] [-i wait] [-l preload]\n\t[-p pattern] [-s packetsize] host\n"); 1043 exit(1); 1044} 1045