1/* 2 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 6 * Mike Muuss. 7 * 8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10 * are met: 11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 15 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18 * without specific prior written permission. 19 * 20 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30 * SUCH DAMAGE. 31 */ 32 33#if 0 34#ifndef lint 35static const char copyright[] = 36"@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\ 37 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; 38#endif /* not lint */ 39 40#ifndef lint 41static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ping.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93"; 42#endif /* not lint */ 43#endif 44#include <sys/cdefs.h> 45__FBSDID("$FreeBSD$"); 46 47/* 48 * P I N G . C 49 * 50 * Using the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, 51 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. 52 * 53 * Author - 54 * Mike Muuss 55 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory 56 * December, 1983 57 * 58 * Status - 59 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. 60 * Bugs - 61 * More statistics could always be gathered. 62 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. 63 */ 64 65#include <sys/param.h> /* NB: we rely on this for <sys/types.h> */ 66#include <sys/socket.h> 67#include <sys/sysctl.h> 68#include <sys/time.h> 69#include <sys/uio.h> 70 71#include <netinet/in.h> 72#include <netinet/in_systm.h> 73#include <netinet/ip.h> 74#include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 75#include <netinet/ip_var.h> 76#include <arpa/inet.h> 77 78#ifdef IPSEC 79#include <netipsec/ipsec.h> 80#endif /*IPSEC*/ 81 82#include <ctype.h> 83#include <err.h> 84#include <errno.h> 85#include <math.h> 86#include <netdb.h> 87#include <signal.h> 88#include <stdio.h> 89#include <stdlib.h> 90#include <string.h> 91#include <sysexits.h> 92#include <unistd.h> 93 94#define INADDR_LEN ((int)sizeof(in_addr_t)) 95#define TIMEVAL_LEN ((int)sizeof(struct tv32)) 96#define MASK_LEN (ICMP_MASKLEN - ICMP_MINLEN) 97#define TS_LEN (ICMP_TSLEN - ICMP_MINLEN) 98#define DEFDATALEN 56 /* default data length */ 99#define FLOOD_BACKOFF 20000 /* usecs to back off if F_FLOOD mode */ 100 /* runs out of buffer space */ 101#define MAXIPLEN (sizeof(struct ip) + MAX_IPOPTLEN) 102#define MAXICMPLEN (ICMP_ADVLENMIN + MAX_IPOPTLEN) 103#define MAXWAIT 10000 /* max ms to wait for response */ 104#define MAXALARM (60 * 60) /* max seconds for alarm timeout */ 105#define MAXTOS 255 106 107#define A(bit) rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3] /* identify byte in array */ 108#define B(bit) (1 << ((bit) & 0x07)) /* identify bit in byte */ 109#define SET(bit) (A(bit) |= B(bit)) 110#define CLR(bit) (A(bit) &= (~B(bit))) 111#define TST(bit) (A(bit) & B(bit)) 112 113struct tv32 { 114 int32_t tv32_sec; 115 int32_t tv32_usec; 116}; 117 118/* various options */ 119int options; 120#define F_FLOOD 0x0001 121#define F_INTERVAL 0x0002 122#define F_NUMERIC 0x0004 123#define F_PINGFILLED 0x0008 124#define F_QUIET 0x0010 125#define F_RROUTE 0x0020 126#define F_SO_DEBUG 0x0040 127#define F_SO_DONTROUTE 0x0080 128#define F_VERBOSE 0x0100 129#define F_QUIET2 0x0200 130#define F_NOLOOP 0x0400 131#define F_MTTL 0x0800 132#define F_MIF 0x1000 133#define F_AUDIBLE 0x2000 134#ifdef IPSEC 135#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 136#define F_POLICY 0x4000 137#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 138#endif /*IPSEC*/ 139#define F_TTL 0x8000 140#define F_MISSED 0x10000 141#define F_ONCE 0x20000 142#define F_HDRINCL 0x40000 143#define F_MASK 0x80000 144#define F_TIME 0x100000 145#define F_SWEEP 0x200000 146#define F_WAITTIME 0x400000 147 148/* 149 * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum 150 * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of. Change 128 151 * to 8192 for complete accuracy... 152 */ 153#define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 128) 154int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK; 155char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8]; 156 157struct sockaddr_in whereto; /* who to ping */ 158int datalen = DEFDATALEN; 159int maxpayload; 160int s; /* socket file descriptor */ 161u_char outpackhdr[IP_MAXPACKET], *outpack; 162char BBELL = '\a'; /* characters written for MISSED and AUDIBLE */ 163char BSPACE = '\b'; /* characters written for flood */ 164char DOT = '.'; 165char *hostname; 166char *shostname; 167int ident; /* process id to identify our packets */ 168int uid; /* cached uid for micro-optimization */ 169u_char icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; 170u_char icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_ECHOREPLY; 171int phdr_len = 0; 172int send_len; 173 174/* counters */ 175long nmissedmax; /* max value of ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 */ 176long npackets; /* max packets to transmit */ 177long nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */ 178long nrepeats; /* number of duplicates */ 179long ntransmitted; /* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */ 180long snpackets; /* max packets to transmit in one sweep */ 181long snreceived; /* # of packets we got back in this sweep */ 182long sntransmitted; /* # of packets we sent in this sweep */ 183int sweepmax; /* max value of payload in sweep */ 184int sweepmin = 0; /* start value of payload in sweep */ 185int sweepincr = 1; /* payload increment in sweep */ 186int interval = 1000; /* interval between packets, ms */ 187int waittime = MAXWAIT; /* timeout for each packet */ 188long nrcvtimeout = 0; /* # of packets we got back after waittime */ 189 190/* timing */ 191int timing; /* flag to do timing */ 192double tmin = 999999999.0; /* minimum round trip time */ 193double tmax = 0.0; /* maximum round trip time */ 194double tsum = 0.0; /* sum of all times, for doing average */ 195double tsumsq = 0.0; /* sum of all times squared, for std. dev. */ 196 197volatile sig_atomic_t finish_up; /* nonzero if we've been told to finish up */ 198volatile sig_atomic_t siginfo_p; 199 200static void fill(char *, char *); 201static u_short in_cksum(u_short *, int); 202static void check_status(void); 203static void finish(void) __dead2; 204static void pinger(void); 205static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr); 206static char *pr_ntime(n_time); 207static void pr_icmph(struct icmp *); 208static void pr_iph(struct ip *); 209static void pr_pack(char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *, struct timeval *); 210static void pr_retip(struct ip *); 211static void status(int); 212static void stopit(int); 213static void tvsub(struct timeval *, const struct timeval *); 214static void usage(void) __dead2; 215 216int 217main(int argc, char *const *argv) 218{ 219 struct sockaddr_in from, sock_in; 220 struct in_addr ifaddr; 221 struct timeval last, intvl; 222 struct iovec iov; 223 struct ip *ip; 224 struct msghdr msg; 225 struct sigaction si_sa; 226 size_t sz; 227 u_char *datap, packet[IP_MAXPACKET] __aligned(4); 228 char *ep, *source, *target, *payload; 229 struct hostent *hp; 230#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 231 char *policy_in, *policy_out; 232#endif 233 struct sockaddr_in *to; 234 double t; 235 u_long alarmtimeout, ultmp; 236 int almost_done, ch, df, hold, i, icmp_len, mib[4], preload, sockerrno, 237 tos, ttl; 238 char ctrl[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct timeval))]; 239 char hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], snamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 240#ifdef IP_OPTIONS 241 char rspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; /* record route space */ 242#endif 243 unsigned char loop, mttl; 244 245 payload = source = NULL; 246#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 247 policy_in = policy_out = NULL; 248#endif 249 250 /* 251 * Do the stuff that we need root priv's for *first*, and 252 * then drop our setuid bit. Save error reporting for 253 * after arg parsing. 254 */ 255 s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP); 256 sockerrno = errno; 257 258 setuid(getuid()); 259 uid = getuid(); 260 261 alarmtimeout = df = preload = tos = 0; 262 263 outpack = outpackhdr + sizeof(struct ip); 264 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, 265 "Aac:DdfG:g:h:I:i:Ll:M:m:nop:QqRrS:s:T:t:vW:z:" 266#ifdef IPSEC 267#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 268 "P:" 269#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 270#endif /*IPSEC*/ 271 )) != -1) 272 { 273 switch(ch) { 274 case 'A': 275 options |= F_MISSED; 276 break; 277 case 'a': 278 options |= F_AUDIBLE; 279 break; 280 case 'c': 281 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 282 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > LONG_MAX || !ultmp) 283 errx(EX_USAGE, 284 "invalid count of packets to transmit: `%s'", 285 optarg); 286 npackets = ultmp; 287 break; 288 case 'D': 289 options |= F_HDRINCL; 290 df = 1; 291 break; 292 case 'd': 293 options |= F_SO_DEBUG; 294 break; 295 case 'f': 296 if (uid) { 297 errno = EPERM; 298 err(EX_NOPERM, "-f flag"); 299 } 300 options |= F_FLOOD; 301 setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL); 302 break; 303 case 'G': /* Maximum packet size for ping sweep */ 304 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 305 if (*ep || ep == optarg) 306 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'", 307 optarg); 308 if (uid != 0 && ultmp > DEFDATALEN) { 309 errno = EPERM; 310 err(EX_NOPERM, 311 "packet size too large: %lu > %u", 312 ultmp, DEFDATALEN); 313 } 314 options |= F_SWEEP; 315 sweepmax = ultmp; 316 break; 317 case 'g': /* Minimum packet size for ping sweep */ 318 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 319 if (*ep || ep == optarg) 320 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'", 321 optarg); 322 if (uid != 0 && ultmp > DEFDATALEN) { 323 errno = EPERM; 324 err(EX_NOPERM, 325 "packet size too large: %lu > %u", 326 ultmp, DEFDATALEN); 327 } 328 options |= F_SWEEP; 329 sweepmin = ultmp; 330 break; 331 case 'h': /* Packet size increment for ping sweep */ 332 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 333 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp < 1) 334 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid increment size: `%s'", 335 optarg); 336 if (uid != 0 && ultmp > DEFDATALEN) { 337 errno = EPERM; 338 err(EX_NOPERM, 339 "packet size too large: %lu > %u", 340 ultmp, DEFDATALEN); 341 } 342 options |= F_SWEEP; 343 sweepincr = ultmp; 344 break; 345 case 'I': /* multicast interface */ 346 if (inet_aton(optarg, &ifaddr) == 0) 347 errx(EX_USAGE, 348 "invalid multicast interface: `%s'", 349 optarg); 350 options |= F_MIF; 351 break; 352 case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */ 353 t = strtod(optarg, &ep) * 1000.0; 354 if (*ep || ep == optarg || t > (double)INT_MAX) 355 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timing interval: `%s'", 356 optarg); 357 options |= F_INTERVAL; 358 interval = (int)t; 359 if (uid && interval < 1000) { 360 errno = EPERM; 361 err(EX_NOPERM, "-i interval too short"); 362 } 363 break; 364 case 'L': 365 options |= F_NOLOOP; 366 loop = 0; 367 break; 368 case 'l': 369 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 370 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > INT_MAX) 371 errx(EX_USAGE, 372 "invalid preload value: `%s'", optarg); 373 if (uid) { 374 errno = EPERM; 375 err(EX_NOPERM, "-l flag"); 376 } 377 preload = ultmp; 378 break; 379 case 'M': 380 switch(optarg[0]) { 381 case 'M': 382 case 'm': 383 options |= F_MASK; 384 break; 385 case 'T': 386 case 't': 387 options |= F_TIME; 388 break; 389 default: 390 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid message: `%c'", optarg[0]); 391 break; 392 } 393 break; 394 case 'm': /* TTL */ 395 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 396 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTTL) 397 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TTL: `%s'", optarg); 398 ttl = ultmp; 399 options |= F_TTL; 400 break; 401 case 'n': 402 options |= F_NUMERIC; 403 break; 404 case 'o': 405 options |= F_ONCE; 406 break; 407#ifdef IPSEC 408#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 409 case 'P': 410 options |= F_POLICY; 411 if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2)) 412 policy_in = strdup(optarg); 413 else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3)) 414 policy_out = strdup(optarg); 415 else 416 errx(1, "invalid security policy"); 417 break; 418#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 419#endif /*IPSEC*/ 420 case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */ 421 options |= F_PINGFILLED; 422 payload = optarg; 423 break; 424 case 'Q': 425 options |= F_QUIET2; 426 break; 427 case 'q': 428 options |= F_QUIET; 429 break; 430 case 'R': 431 options |= F_RROUTE; 432 break; 433 case 'r': 434 options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE; 435 break; 436 case 'S': 437 source = optarg; 438 break; 439 case 's': /* size of packet to send */ 440 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 441 if (*ep || ep == optarg) 442 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'", 443 optarg); 444 if (uid != 0 && ultmp > DEFDATALEN) { 445 errno = EPERM; 446 err(EX_NOPERM, 447 "packet size too large: %lu > %u", 448 ultmp, DEFDATALEN); 449 } 450 datalen = ultmp; 451 break; 452 case 'T': /* multicast TTL */ 453 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 454 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTTL) 455 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid multicast TTL: `%s'", 456 optarg); 457 mttl = ultmp; 458 options |= F_MTTL; 459 break; 460 case 't': 461 alarmtimeout = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 462 if ((alarmtimeout < 1) || (alarmtimeout == ULONG_MAX)) 463 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s'", 464 optarg); 465 if (alarmtimeout > MAXALARM) 466 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s' > %d", 467 optarg, MAXALARM); 468 alarm((int)alarmtimeout); 469 break; 470 case 'v': 471 options |= F_VERBOSE; 472 break; 473 case 'W': /* wait ms for answer */ 474 t = strtod(optarg, &ep); 475 if (*ep || ep == optarg || t > (double)INT_MAX) 476 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timing interval: `%s'", 477 optarg); 478 options |= F_WAITTIME; 479 waittime = (int)t; 480 break; 481 case 'z': 482 options |= F_HDRINCL; 483 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 484 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTOS) 485 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TOS: `%s'", optarg); 486 tos = ultmp; 487 break; 488 default: 489 usage(); 490 } 491 } 492 493 if (argc - optind != 1) 494 usage(); 495 target = argv[optind]; 496 497 switch (options & (F_MASK|F_TIME)) { 498 case 0: break; 499 case F_MASK: 500 icmp_type = ICMP_MASKREQ; 501 icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_MASKREPLY; 502 phdr_len = MASK_LEN; 503 if (!(options & F_QUIET)) 504 (void)printf("ICMP_MASKREQ\n"); 505 break; 506 case F_TIME: 507 icmp_type = ICMP_TSTAMP; 508 icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY; 509 phdr_len = TS_LEN; 510 if (!(options & F_QUIET)) 511 (void)printf("ICMP_TSTAMP\n"); 512 break; 513 default: 514 errx(EX_USAGE, "ICMP_TSTAMP and ICMP_MASKREQ are exclusive."); 515 break; 516 } 517 icmp_len = sizeof(struct ip) + ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len; 518 if (options & F_RROUTE) 519 icmp_len += MAX_IPOPTLEN; 520 maxpayload = IP_MAXPACKET - icmp_len; 521 if (datalen > maxpayload) 522 errx(EX_USAGE, "packet size too large: %d > %d", datalen, 523 maxpayload); 524 send_len = icmp_len + datalen; 525 datap = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + TIMEVAL_LEN]; 526 if (options & F_PINGFILLED) { 527 fill((char *)datap, payload); 528 } 529 if (source) { 530 bzero((char *)&sock_in, sizeof(sock_in)); 531 sock_in.sin_family = AF_INET; 532 if (inet_aton(source, &sock_in.sin_addr) != 0) { 533 shostname = source; 534 } else { 535 hp = gethostbyname2(source, AF_INET); 536 if (!hp) 537 errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s", 538 source, hstrerror(h_errno)); 539 540 sock_in.sin_len = sizeof sock_in; 541 if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr) || 542 hp->h_length < 0) 543 errx(1, "gethostbyname2: illegal address"); 544 memcpy(&sock_in.sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0], 545 sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr)); 546 (void)strncpy(snamebuf, hp->h_name, 547 sizeof(snamebuf) - 1); 548 snamebuf[sizeof(snamebuf) - 1] = '\0'; 549 shostname = snamebuf; 550 } 551 if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sock_in, sizeof sock_in) == -1) 552 err(1, "bind"); 553 } 554 555 bzero(&whereto, sizeof(whereto)); 556 to = &whereto; 557 to->sin_family = AF_INET; 558 to->sin_len = sizeof *to; 559 if (inet_aton(target, &to->sin_addr) != 0) { 560 hostname = target; 561 } else { 562 hp = gethostbyname2(target, AF_INET); 563 if (!hp) 564 errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s", 565 target, hstrerror(h_errno)); 566 567 if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(to->sin_addr)) 568 errx(1, "gethostbyname2 returned an illegal address"); 569 memcpy(&to->sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0], sizeof to->sin_addr); 570 (void)strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1); 571 hnamebuf[sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1] = '\0'; 572 hostname = hnamebuf; 573 } 574 575 if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL) 576 errx(EX_USAGE, "-f and -i: incompatible options"); 577 578 if (options & F_FLOOD && IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr))) 579 errx(EX_USAGE, 580 "-f flag cannot be used with multicast destination"); 581 if (options & (F_MIF | F_NOLOOP | F_MTTL) 582 && !IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr))) 583 errx(EX_USAGE, 584 "-I, -L, -T flags cannot be used with unicast destination"); 585 586 if (datalen >= TIMEVAL_LEN) /* can we time transfer */ 587 timing = 1; 588 589 if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED)) 590 for (i = TIMEVAL_LEN; i < datalen; ++i) 591 *datap++ = i; 592 593 ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF; 594 595 if (s < 0) { 596 errno = sockerrno; 597 err(EX_OSERR, "socket"); 598 } 599 hold = 1; 600 if (options & F_SO_DEBUG) 601 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold, 602 sizeof(hold)); 603 if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE) 604 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold, 605 sizeof(hold)); 606#ifdef IPSEC 607#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 608 if (options & F_POLICY) { 609 char *buf; 610 if (policy_in != NULL) { 611 buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_in, strlen(policy_in)); 612 if (buf == NULL) 613 errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 614 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 615 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) 616 err(EX_CONFIG, 617 "ipsec policy cannot be configured"); 618 free(buf); 619 } 620 621 if (policy_out != NULL) { 622 buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_out, strlen(policy_out)); 623 if (buf == NULL) 624 errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 625 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 626 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) 627 err(EX_CONFIG, 628 "ipsec policy cannot be configured"); 629 free(buf); 630 } 631 } 632#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 633#endif /*IPSEC*/ 634 635 if (options & F_HDRINCL) { 636 ip = (struct ip*)outpackhdr; 637 if (!(options & (F_TTL | F_MTTL))) { 638 mib[0] = CTL_NET; 639 mib[1] = PF_INET; 640 mib[2] = IPPROTO_IP; 641 mib[3] = IPCTL_DEFTTL; 642 sz = sizeof(ttl); 643 if (sysctl(mib, 4, &ttl, &sz, NULL, 0) == -1) 644 err(1, "sysctl(net.inet.ip.ttl)"); 645 } 646 setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, &hold, sizeof(hold)); 647 ip->ip_v = IPVERSION; 648 ip->ip_hl = sizeof(struct ip) >> 2; 649 ip->ip_tos = tos; 650 ip->ip_id = 0; 651 ip->ip_off = df ? IP_DF : 0; 652 ip->ip_ttl = ttl; 653 ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP; 654 ip->ip_src.s_addr = source ? sock_in.sin_addr.s_addr : INADDR_ANY; 655 ip->ip_dst = to->sin_addr; 656 } 657 /* record route option */ 658 if (options & F_RROUTE) { 659#ifdef IP_OPTIONS 660 bzero(rspace, sizeof(rspace)); 661 rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR; 662 rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace) - 1; 663 rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 664 rspace[sizeof(rspace) - 1] = IPOPT_EOL; 665 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace, 666 sizeof(rspace)) < 0) 667 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_OPTIONS"); 668#else 669 errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE, 670 "record route not available in this implementation"); 671#endif /* IP_OPTIONS */ 672 } 673 674 if (options & F_TTL) { 675 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, &ttl, 676 sizeof(ttl)) < 0) { 677 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_TTL"); 678 } 679 } 680 if (options & F_NOLOOP) { 681 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, &loop, 682 sizeof(loop)) < 0) { 683 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_LOOP"); 684 } 685 } 686 if (options & F_MTTL) { 687 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, &mttl, 688 sizeof(mttl)) < 0) { 689 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_TTL"); 690 } 691 } 692 if (options & F_MIF) { 693 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, &ifaddr, 694 sizeof(ifaddr)) < 0) { 695 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_IF"); 696 } 697 } 698#ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP 699 { int on = 1; 700 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_TIMESTAMP, &on, sizeof(on)) < 0) 701 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt SO_TIMESTAMP"); 702 } 703#endif 704 if (sweepmax) { 705 if (sweepmin >= sweepmax) 706 errx(EX_USAGE, "Maximum packet size must be greater than the minimum packet size"); 707 708 if (datalen != DEFDATALEN) 709 errx(EX_USAGE, "Packet size and ping sweep are mutually exclusive"); 710 711 if (npackets > 0) { 712 snpackets = npackets; 713 npackets = 0; 714 } else 715 snpackets = 1; 716 datalen = sweepmin; 717 send_len = icmp_len + sweepmin; 718 } 719 if (options & F_SWEEP && !sweepmax) 720 errx(EX_USAGE, "Maximum sweep size must be specified"); 721 722 /* 723 * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers. 724 * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the 725 * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for 726 * /etc/ethers. But beware: RFC 1122 allows hosts to ignore broadcast 727 * or multicast pings if they wish. 728 */ 729 730 /* 731 * XXX receive buffer needs undetermined space for mbuf overhead 732 * as well. 733 */ 734 hold = IP_MAXPACKET + 128; 735 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold, 736 sizeof(hold)); 737 if (uid == 0) 738 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&hold, 739 sizeof(hold)); 740 741 if (to->sin_family == AF_INET) { 742 (void)printf("PING %s (%s)", hostname, 743 inet_ntoa(to->sin_addr)); 744 if (source) 745 (void)printf(" from %s", shostname); 746 if (sweepmax) 747 (void)printf(": (%d ... %d) data bytes\n", 748 sweepmin, sweepmax); 749 else 750 (void)printf(": %d data bytes\n", datalen); 751 752 } else { 753 if (sweepmax) 754 (void)printf("PING %s: (%d ... %d) data bytes\n", 755 hostname, sweepmin, sweepmax); 756 else 757 (void)printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen); 758 } 759 760 /* 761 * Use sigaction() instead of signal() to get unambiguous semantics, 762 * in particular with SA_RESTART not set. 763 */ 764 765 sigemptyset(&si_sa.sa_mask); 766 si_sa.sa_flags = 0; 767 768 si_sa.sa_handler = stopit; 769 if (sigaction(SIGINT, &si_sa, 0) == -1) { 770 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGINT"); 771 } 772 773 si_sa.sa_handler = status; 774 if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, 0) == -1) { 775 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction"); 776 } 777 778 if (alarmtimeout > 0) { 779 si_sa.sa_handler = stopit; 780 if (sigaction(SIGALRM, &si_sa, 0) == -1) 781 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGALRM"); 782 } 783 784 bzero(&msg, sizeof(msg)); 785 msg.msg_name = (caddr_t)&from; 786 msg.msg_iov = &iov; 787 msg.msg_iovlen = 1; 788#ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP 789 msg.msg_control = (caddr_t)ctrl; 790#endif 791 iov.iov_base = packet; 792 iov.iov_len = IP_MAXPACKET; 793 794 if (preload == 0) 795 pinger(); /* send the first ping */ 796 else { 797 if (npackets != 0 && preload > npackets) 798 preload = npackets; 799 while (preload--) /* fire off them quickies */ 800 pinger(); 801 } 802 (void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL); 803 804 if (options & F_FLOOD) { 805 intvl.tv_sec = 0; 806 intvl.tv_usec = 10000; 807 } else { 808 intvl.tv_sec = interval / 1000; 809 intvl.tv_usec = interval % 1000 * 1000; 810 } 811 812 almost_done = 0; 813 while (!finish_up) { 814 struct timeval now, timeout; 815 fd_set rfds; 816 int cc, n; 817 818 check_status(); 819 if ((unsigned)s >= FD_SETSIZE) 820 errx(EX_OSERR, "descriptor too large"); 821 FD_ZERO(&rfds); 822 FD_SET(s, &rfds); 823 (void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL); 824 timeout.tv_sec = last.tv_sec + intvl.tv_sec - now.tv_sec; 825 timeout.tv_usec = last.tv_usec + intvl.tv_usec - now.tv_usec; 826 while (timeout.tv_usec < 0) { 827 timeout.tv_usec += 1000000; 828 timeout.tv_sec--; 829 } 830 while (timeout.tv_usec >= 1000000) { 831 timeout.tv_usec -= 1000000; 832 timeout.tv_sec++; 833 } 834 if (timeout.tv_sec < 0) 835 timeout.tv_sec = timeout.tv_usec = 0; 836 n = select(s + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout); 837 if (n < 0) 838 continue; /* Must be EINTR. */ 839 if (n == 1) { 840 struct timeval *tv = NULL; 841#ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP 842 struct cmsghdr *cmsg = (struct cmsghdr *)&ctrl; 843 844 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(ctrl); 845#endif 846 msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(from); 847 if ((cc = recvmsg(s, &msg, 0)) < 0) { 848 if (errno == EINTR) 849 continue; 850 warn("recvmsg"); 851 continue; 852 } 853#ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP 854 if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET && 855 cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_TIMESTAMP && 856 cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof *tv)) { 857 /* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */ 858 memcpy(&now, CMSG_DATA(cmsg), sizeof(now)); 859 tv = &now; 860 } 861#endif 862 if (tv == NULL) { 863 (void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL); 864 tv = &now; 865 } 866 pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from, tv); 867 if ((options & F_ONCE && nreceived) || 868 (npackets && nreceived >= npackets)) 869 break; 870 } 871 if (n == 0 || options & F_FLOOD) { 872 if (sweepmax && sntransmitted == snpackets) { 873 for (i = 0; i < sweepincr ; ++i) 874 *datap++ = i; 875 datalen += sweepincr; 876 if (datalen > sweepmax) 877 break; 878 send_len = icmp_len + datalen; 879 sntransmitted = 0; 880 } 881 if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets) 882 pinger(); 883 else { 884 if (almost_done) 885 break; 886 almost_done = 1; 887 intvl.tv_usec = 0; 888 if (nreceived) { 889 intvl.tv_sec = 2 * tmax / 1000; 890 if (!intvl.tv_sec) 891 intvl.tv_sec = 1; 892 } else { 893 intvl.tv_sec = waittime / 1000; 894 intvl.tv_usec = waittime % 1000 * 1000; 895 } 896 } 897 (void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL); 898 if (ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 > nmissedmax) { 899 nmissedmax = ntransmitted - nreceived - 1; 900 if (options & F_MISSED) 901 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1); 902 } 903 } 904 } 905 finish(); 906 /* NOTREACHED */ 907 exit(0); /* Make the compiler happy */ 908} 909 910/* 911 * stopit -- 912 * Set the global bit that causes the main loop to quit. 913 * Do NOT call finish() from here, since finish() does far too much 914 * to be called from a signal handler. 915 */ 916void 917stopit(int sig __unused) 918{ 919 920 /* 921 * When doing reverse DNS lookups, the finish_up flag might not 922 * be noticed for a while. Just exit if we get a second SIGINT. 923 */ 924 if (!(options & F_NUMERIC) && finish_up) 925 _exit(nreceived ? 0 : 2); 926 finish_up = 1; 927} 928 929/* 930 * pinger -- 931 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet 932 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, 933 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first TIMEVAL_LEN 934 * bytes of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in 935 * host byte-order, to compute the round-trip time. 936 */ 937static void 938pinger(void) 939{ 940 struct timeval now; 941 struct tv32 tv32; 942 struct ip *ip; 943 struct icmp *icp; 944 int cc, i; 945 u_char *packet; 946 947 packet = outpack; 948 icp = (struct icmp *)outpack; 949 icp->icmp_type = icmp_type; 950 icp->icmp_code = 0; 951 icp->icmp_cksum = 0; 952 icp->icmp_seq = htons(ntransmitted); 953 icp->icmp_id = ident; /* ID */ 954 955 CLR(ntransmitted % mx_dup_ck); 956 957 if ((options & F_TIME) || timing) { 958 (void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL); 959 960 tv32.tv32_sec = htonl(now.tv_sec); 961 tv32.tv32_usec = htonl(now.tv_usec); 962 if (options & F_TIME) 963 icp->icmp_otime = htonl((now.tv_sec % (24*60*60)) 964 * 1000 + now.tv_usec / 1000); 965 if (timing) 966 bcopy((void *)&tv32, 967 (void *)&outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len], 968 sizeof(tv32)); 969 } 970 971 cc = ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + datalen; 972 973 /* compute ICMP checksum here */ 974 icp->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc); 975 976 if (options & F_HDRINCL) { 977 cc += sizeof(struct ip); 978 ip = (struct ip *)outpackhdr; 979 ip->ip_len = cc; 980 ip->ip_sum = in_cksum((u_short *)outpackhdr, cc); 981 packet = outpackhdr; 982 } 983 i = sendto(s, (char *)packet, cc, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&whereto, 984 sizeof(whereto)); 985 986 if (i < 0 || i != cc) { 987 if (i < 0) { 988 if (options & F_FLOOD && errno == ENOBUFS) { 989 usleep(FLOOD_BACKOFF); 990 return; 991 } 992 warn("sendto"); 993 } else { 994 warn("%s: partial write: %d of %d bytes", 995 hostname, i, cc); 996 } 997 } 998 ntransmitted++; 999 sntransmitted++; 1000 if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_FLOOD) 1001 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT, 1); 1002} 1003 1004/* 1005 * pr_pack -- 1006 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary 1007 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets 1008 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this 1009 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). 1010 */ 1011static void 1012pr_pack(char *buf, int cc, struct sockaddr_in *from, struct timeval *tv) 1013{ 1014 struct in_addr ina; 1015 u_char *cp, *dp; 1016 struct icmp *icp; 1017 struct ip *ip; 1018 const void *tp; 1019 double triptime; 1020 int dupflag, hlen, i, j, recv_len, seq; 1021 static int old_rrlen; 1022 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 1023 1024 /* Check the IP header */ 1025 ip = (struct ip *)buf; 1026 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1027 recv_len = cc; 1028 if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) { 1029 if (options & F_VERBOSE) 1030 warn("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s", cc, 1031 inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); 1032 return; 1033 } 1034 1035 /* Now the ICMP part */ 1036 cc -= hlen; 1037 icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen); 1038 if (icp->icmp_type == icmp_type_rsp) { 1039 if (icp->icmp_id != ident) 1040 return; /* 'Twas not our ECHO */ 1041 ++nreceived; 1042 triptime = 0.0; 1043 if (timing) { 1044 struct timeval tv1; 1045 struct tv32 tv32; 1046#ifndef icmp_data 1047 tp = &icp->icmp_ip; 1048#else 1049 tp = icp->icmp_data; 1050#endif 1051 tp = (const char *)tp + phdr_len; 1052 1053 if (cc - ICMP_MINLEN - phdr_len >= sizeof(tv1)) { 1054 /* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */ 1055 memcpy(&tv32, tp, sizeof(tv32)); 1056 tv1.tv_sec = ntohl(tv32.tv32_sec); 1057 tv1.tv_usec = ntohl(tv32.tv32_usec); 1058 tvsub(tv, &tv1); 1059 triptime = ((double)tv->tv_sec) * 1000.0 + 1060 ((double)tv->tv_usec) / 1000.0; 1061 tsum += triptime; 1062 tsumsq += triptime * triptime; 1063 if (triptime < tmin) 1064 tmin = triptime; 1065 if (triptime > tmax) 1066 tmax = triptime; 1067 } else 1068 timing = 0; 1069 } 1070 1071 seq = ntohs(icp->icmp_seq); 1072 1073 if (TST(seq % mx_dup_ck)) { 1074 ++nrepeats; 1075 --nreceived; 1076 dupflag = 1; 1077 } else { 1078 SET(seq % mx_dup_ck); 1079 dupflag = 0; 1080 } 1081 1082 if (options & F_QUIET) 1083 return; 1084 1085 if (options & F_WAITTIME && triptime > waittime) { 1086 ++nrcvtimeout; 1087 return; 1088 } 1089 1090 if (options & F_FLOOD) 1091 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1); 1092 else { 1093 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc, 1094 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr), 1095 seq); 1096 (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ip->ip_ttl); 1097 if (timing) 1098 (void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime); 1099 if (dupflag) 1100 (void)printf(" (DUP!)"); 1101 if (options & F_AUDIBLE) 1102 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1); 1103 if (options & F_MASK) { 1104 /* Just prentend this cast isn't ugly */ 1105 (void)printf(" mask=%s", 1106 pr_addr(*(struct in_addr *)&(icp->icmp_mask))); 1107 } 1108 if (options & F_TIME) { 1109 (void)printf(" tso=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_otime)); 1110 (void)printf(" tsr=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_rtime)); 1111 (void)printf(" tst=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_ttime)); 1112 } 1113 if (recv_len != send_len) { 1114 (void)printf( 1115 "\nwrong total length %d instead of %d", 1116 recv_len, send_len); 1117 } 1118 /* check the data */ 1119 cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[phdr_len]; 1120 dp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len]; 1121 cc -= ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len; 1122 i = 0; 1123 if (timing) { /* don't check variable timestamp */ 1124 cp += TIMEVAL_LEN; 1125 dp += TIMEVAL_LEN; 1126 cc -= TIMEVAL_LEN; 1127 i += TIMEVAL_LEN; 1128 } 1129 for (; i < datalen && cc > 0; ++i, ++cp, ++dp, --cc) { 1130 if (*cp != *dp) { 1131 (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x", 1132 i, *dp, *cp); 1133 (void)printf("\ncp:"); 1134 cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[0]; 1135 for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) { 1136 if ((i % 16) == 8) 1137 (void)printf("\n\t"); 1138 (void)printf("%2x ", *cp); 1139 } 1140 (void)printf("\ndp:"); 1141 cp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN]; 1142 for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) { 1143 if ((i % 16) == 8) 1144 (void)printf("\n\t"); 1145 (void)printf("%2x ", *cp); 1146 } 1147 break; 1148 } 1149 } 1150 } 1151 } else { 1152 /* 1153 * We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY. 1154 * See if it's a reply to something that we sent. 1155 * We can compare IP destination, protocol, 1156 * and ICMP type and ID. 1157 * 1158 * Only print all the error messages if we are running 1159 * as root to avoid leaking information not normally 1160 * available to those not running as root. 1161 */ 1162#ifndef icmp_data 1163 struct ip *oip = &icp->icmp_ip; 1164#else 1165 struct ip *oip = (struct ip *)icp->icmp_data; 1166#endif 1167 struct icmp *oicmp = (struct icmp *)(oip + 1); 1168 1169 if (((options & F_VERBOSE) && uid == 0) || 1170 (!(options & F_QUIET2) && 1171 (oip->ip_dst.s_addr == whereto.sin_addr.s_addr) && 1172 (oip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) && 1173 (oicmp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) && 1174 (oicmp->icmp_id == ident))) { 1175 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc, 1176 pr_addr(from->sin_addr)); 1177 pr_icmph(icp); 1178 } else 1179 return; 1180 } 1181 1182 /* Display any IP options */ 1183 cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip); 1184 1185 for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp) 1186 switch (*cp) { 1187 case IPOPT_EOL: 1188 hlen = 0; 1189 break; 1190 case IPOPT_LSRR: 1191 case IPOPT_SSRR: 1192 (void)printf(*cp == IPOPT_LSRR ? 1193 "\nLSRR: " : "\nSSRR: "); 1194 j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN] - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1; 1195 hlen -= 2; 1196 cp += 2; 1197 if (j >= INADDR_LEN && 1198 j <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) { 1199 for (;;) { 1200 bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN); 1201 if (ina.s_addr == 0) 1202 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0"); 1203 else 1204 (void)printf("\t%s", 1205 pr_addr(ina)); 1206 hlen -= INADDR_LEN; 1207 cp += INADDR_LEN - 1; 1208 j -= INADDR_LEN; 1209 if (j < INADDR_LEN) 1210 break; 1211 (void)putchar('\n'); 1212 } 1213 } else 1214 (void)printf("\t(truncated route)\n"); 1215 break; 1216 case IPOPT_RR: 1217 j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN]; /* get length */ 1218 i = cp[IPOPT_OFFSET]; /* and pointer */ 1219 hlen -= 2; 1220 cp += 2; 1221 if (i > j) 1222 i = j; 1223 i = i - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1; 1224 if (i < 0 || i > (hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip))) { 1225 old_rrlen = 0; 1226 continue; 1227 } 1228 if (i == old_rrlen 1229 && !bcmp((char *)cp, old_rr, i) 1230 && !(options & F_FLOOD)) { 1231 (void)printf("\t(same route)"); 1232 hlen -= i; 1233 cp += i; 1234 break; 1235 } 1236 old_rrlen = i; 1237 bcopy((char *)cp, old_rr, i); 1238 (void)printf("\nRR: "); 1239 if (i >= INADDR_LEN && 1240 i <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) { 1241 for (;;) { 1242 bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN); 1243 if (ina.s_addr == 0) 1244 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0"); 1245 else 1246 (void)printf("\t%s", 1247 pr_addr(ina)); 1248 hlen -= INADDR_LEN; 1249 cp += INADDR_LEN - 1; 1250 i -= INADDR_LEN; 1251 if (i < INADDR_LEN) 1252 break; 1253 (void)putchar('\n'); 1254 } 1255 } else 1256 (void)printf("\t(truncated route)"); 1257 break; 1258 case IPOPT_NOP: 1259 (void)printf("\nNOP"); 1260 break; 1261 default: 1262 (void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp); 1263 break; 1264 } 1265 if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) { 1266 (void)putchar('\n'); 1267 (void)fflush(stdout); 1268 } 1269} 1270 1271/* 1272 * in_cksum -- 1273 * Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version) 1274 */ 1275u_short 1276in_cksum(u_short *addr, int len) 1277{ 1278 int nleft, sum; 1279 u_short *w; 1280 union { 1281 u_short us; 1282 u_char uc[2]; 1283 } last; 1284 u_short answer; 1285 1286 nleft = len; 1287 sum = 0; 1288 w = addr; 1289 1290 /* 1291 * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add 1292 * sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the 1293 * carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits. 1294 */ 1295 while (nleft > 1) { 1296 sum += *w++; 1297 nleft -= 2; 1298 } 1299 1300 /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */ 1301 if (nleft == 1) { 1302 last.uc[0] = *(u_char *)w; 1303 last.uc[1] = 0; 1304 sum += last.us; 1305 } 1306 1307 /* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */ 1308 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */ 1309 sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */ 1310 answer = ~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */ 1311 return(answer); 1312} 1313 1314/* 1315 * tvsub -- 1316 * Subtract 2 timeval structs: out = out - in. Out is assumed to 1317 * be >= in. 1318 */ 1319static void 1320tvsub(struct timeval *out, const struct timeval *in) 1321{ 1322 1323 if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) { 1324 --out->tv_sec; 1325 out->tv_usec += 1000000; 1326 } 1327 out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec; 1328} 1329 1330/* 1331 * status -- 1332 * Print out statistics when SIGINFO is received. 1333 */ 1334 1335static void 1336status(int sig __unused) 1337{ 1338 1339 siginfo_p = 1; 1340} 1341 1342static void 1343check_status(void) 1344{ 1345 1346 if (siginfo_p) { 1347 siginfo_p = 0; 1348 (void)fprintf(stderr, "\r%ld/%ld packets received (%.1f%%)", 1349 nreceived, ntransmitted, 1350 ntransmitted ? nreceived * 100.0 / ntransmitted : 0.0); 1351 if (nreceived && timing) 1352 (void)fprintf(stderr, " %.3f min / %.3f avg / %.3f max", 1353 tmin, tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats), tmax); 1354 (void)fprintf(stderr, "\n"); 1355 } 1356} 1357 1358/* 1359 * finish -- 1360 * Print out statistics, and give up. 1361 */ 1362static void 1363finish(void) 1364{ 1365 1366 (void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN); 1367 (void)signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN); 1368 (void)putchar('\n'); 1369 (void)fflush(stdout); 1370 (void)printf("--- %s ping statistics ---\n", hostname); 1371 (void)printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted); 1372 (void)printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived); 1373 if (nrepeats) 1374 (void)printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats); 1375 if (ntransmitted) { 1376 if (nreceived > ntransmitted) 1377 (void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!"); 1378 else 1379 (void)printf("%.1f%% packet loss", 1380 ((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100.0) / 1381 ntransmitted); 1382 } 1383 if (nrcvtimeout) 1384 (void)printf(", %ld packets out of wait time", nrcvtimeout); 1385 (void)putchar('\n'); 1386 if (nreceived && timing) { 1387 double n = nreceived + nrepeats; 1388 double avg = tsum / n; 1389 double vari = tsumsq / n - avg * avg; 1390 (void)printf( 1391 "round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = %.3f/%.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n", 1392 tmin, avg, tmax, sqrt(vari)); 1393 } 1394 1395 if (nreceived) 1396 exit(0); 1397 else 1398 exit(2); 1399} 1400 1401#ifdef notdef 1402static char *ttab[] = { 1403 "Echo Reply", /* ip + seq + udata */ 1404 "Dest Unreachable", /* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */ 1405 "Source Quench", /* IP */ 1406 "Redirect", /* redirect type, gateway, + IP */ 1407 "Echo", 1408 "Time Exceeded", /* transit, frag reassem + IP */ 1409 "Parameter Problem", /* pointer + IP */ 1410 "Timestamp", /* id + seq + three timestamps */ 1411 "Timestamp Reply", /* " */ 1412 "Info Request", /* id + sq */ 1413 "Info Reply" /* " */ 1414}; 1415#endif 1416 1417/* 1418 * pr_icmph -- 1419 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header. 1420 */ 1421static void 1422pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp) 1423{ 1424 1425 switch(icp->icmp_type) { 1426 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: 1427 (void)printf("Echo Reply\n"); 1428 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ 1429 break; 1430 case ICMP_UNREACH: 1431 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 1432 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET: 1433 (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n"); 1434 break; 1435 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST: 1436 (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n"); 1437 break; 1438 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL: 1439 (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n"); 1440 break; 1441 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT: 1442 (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n"); 1443 break; 1444 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG: 1445 (void)printf("frag needed and DF set (MTU %d)\n", 1446 ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu)); 1447 break; 1448 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL: 1449 (void)printf("Source Route Failed\n"); 1450 break; 1451 case ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB: 1452 (void)printf("Communication prohibited by filter\n"); 1453 break; 1454 default: 1455 (void)printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n", 1456 icp->icmp_code); 1457 break; 1458 } 1459 /* Print returned IP header information */ 1460#ifndef icmp_data 1461 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1462#else 1463 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1464#endif 1465 break; 1466 case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH: 1467 (void)printf("Source Quench\n"); 1468#ifndef icmp_data 1469 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1470#else 1471 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1472#endif 1473 break; 1474 case ICMP_REDIRECT: 1475 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 1476 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET: 1477 (void)printf("Redirect Network"); 1478 break; 1479 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST: 1480 (void)printf("Redirect Host"); 1481 break; 1482 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET: 1483 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network"); 1484 break; 1485 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST: 1486 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host"); 1487 break; 1488 default: 1489 (void)printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code); 1490 break; 1491 } 1492 (void)printf("(New addr: %s)\n", inet_ntoa(icp->icmp_gwaddr)); 1493#ifndef icmp_data 1494 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1495#else 1496 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1497#endif 1498 break; 1499 case ICMP_ECHO: 1500 (void)printf("Echo Request\n"); 1501 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ 1502 break; 1503 case ICMP_TIMXCEED: 1504 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 1505 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS: 1506 (void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n"); 1507 break; 1508 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS: 1509 (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n"); 1510 break; 1511 default: 1512 (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n", 1513 icp->icmp_code); 1514 break; 1515 } 1516#ifndef icmp_data 1517 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1518#else 1519 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1520#endif 1521 break; 1522 case ICMP_PARAMPROB: 1523 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x\n", 1524 icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr); 1525#ifndef icmp_data 1526 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1527#else 1528 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1529#endif 1530 break; 1531 case ICMP_TSTAMP: 1532 (void)printf("Timestamp\n"); 1533 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ 1534 break; 1535 case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY: 1536 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply\n"); 1537 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ 1538 break; 1539 case ICMP_IREQ: 1540 (void)printf("Information Request\n"); 1541 /* XXX ID + Seq */ 1542 break; 1543 case ICMP_IREQREPLY: 1544 (void)printf("Information Reply\n"); 1545 /* XXX ID + Seq */ 1546 break; 1547 case ICMP_MASKREQ: 1548 (void)printf("Address Mask Request\n"); 1549 break; 1550 case ICMP_MASKREPLY: 1551 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply\n"); 1552 break; 1553 case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT: 1554 (void)printf("Router Advertisement\n"); 1555 break; 1556 case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT: 1557 (void)printf("Router Solicitation\n"); 1558 break; 1559 default: 1560 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type); 1561 } 1562} 1563 1564/* 1565 * pr_iph -- 1566 * Print an IP header with options. 1567 */ 1568static void 1569pr_iph(struct ip *ip) 1570{ 1571 u_char *cp; 1572 int hlen; 1573 1574 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1575 cp = (u_char *)ip + 20; /* point to options */ 1576 1577 (void)printf("Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst\n"); 1578 (void)printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", 1579 ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ntohs(ip->ip_len), 1580 ntohs(ip->ip_id)); 1581 (void)printf(" %1lx %04lx", 1582 (u_long) (ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13, 1583 (u_long) ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff); 1584 (void)printf(" %02x %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p, 1585 ntohs(ip->ip_sum)); 1586 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr)); 1587 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr)); 1588 /* dump any option bytes */ 1589 while (hlen-- > 20) { 1590 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++); 1591 } 1592 (void)putchar('\n'); 1593} 1594 1595/* 1596 * pr_addr -- 1597 * Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with 1598 * a hostname. 1599 */ 1600static char * 1601pr_addr(struct in_addr ina) 1602{ 1603 struct hostent *hp; 1604 static char buf[16 + 3 + MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 1605 1606 if ((options & F_NUMERIC) || 1607 !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&ina, 4, AF_INET))) 1608 return inet_ntoa(ina); 1609 else 1610 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name, 1611 inet_ntoa(ina)); 1612 return(buf); 1613} 1614 1615/* 1616 * pr_retip -- 1617 * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet. 1618 */ 1619static void 1620pr_retip(struct ip *ip) 1621{ 1622 u_char *cp; 1623 int hlen; 1624 1625 pr_iph(ip); 1626 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1627 cp = (u_char *)ip + hlen; 1628 1629 if (ip->ip_p == 6) 1630 (void)printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n", 1631 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3))); 1632 else if (ip->ip_p == 17) 1633 (void)printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n", 1634 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3))); 1635} 1636 1637static char * 1638pr_ntime(n_time timestamp) 1639{ 1640 static char buf[10]; 1641 int hour, min, sec; 1642 1643 sec = ntohl(timestamp) / 1000; 1644 hour = sec / 60 / 60; 1645 min = (sec % (60 * 60)) / 60; 1646 sec = (sec % (60 * 60)) % 60; 1647 1648 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%02d:%02d:%02d", hour, min, sec); 1649 1650 return (buf); 1651} 1652 1653static void 1654fill(char *bp, char *patp) 1655{ 1656 char *cp; 1657 int pat[16]; 1658 u_int ii, jj, kk; 1659 1660 for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++) { 1661 if (!isxdigit(*cp)) 1662 errx(EX_USAGE, 1663 "patterns must be specified as hex digits"); 1664 1665 } 1666 ii = sscanf(patp, 1667 "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x", 1668 &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6], 1669 &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12], 1670 &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]); 1671 1672 if (ii > 0) 1673 for (kk = 0; kk <= maxpayload - (TIMEVAL_LEN + ii); kk += ii) 1674 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj) 1675 bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj]; 1676 if (!(options & F_QUIET)) { 1677 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x"); 1678 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj) 1679 (void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF); 1680 (void)printf("\n"); 1681 } 1682} 1683 1684#if defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC) 1685#define SECOPT " [-P policy]" 1686#else 1687#define SECOPT "" 1688#endif 1689static void 1690usage(void) 1691{ 1692 1693 (void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n", 1694"usage: ping [-AaDdfnoQqRrv] [-c count] [-G sweepmaxsize] [-g sweepminsize]", 1695" [-h sweepincrsize] [-i wait] [-l preload] [-M mask | time] [-m ttl]", 1696" " SECOPT " [-p pattern] [-S src_addr] [-s packetsize] [-t timeout]", 1697" [-W waittime] [-z tos] host", 1698" ping [-AaDdfLnoQqRrv] [-c count] [-I iface] [-i wait] [-l preload]", 1699" [-M mask | time] [-m ttl]" SECOPT " [-p pattern] [-S src_addr]", 1700" [-s packetsize] [-T ttl] [-t timeout] [-W waittime]", 1701" [-z tos] mcast-group"); 1702 exit(EX_USAGE); 1703} 1704