ping.c revision 135957 
1/*
2 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
3 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6 * Mike Muuss.
7 *
8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10 * are met:
11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18 *    without specific prior written permission.
19 *
20 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30 * SUCH DAMAGE.
31 */
32
33#if 0
34#ifndef lint
35static const char copyright[] =
36"@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
37	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
38#endif /* not lint */
39
40#ifndef lint
41static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ping.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93";
42#endif /* not lint */
43#endif
44#include <sys/cdefs.h>
45__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: head/sbin/ping/ping.c 135957 2004-09-30 07:35:56Z maxim $");
46
47/*
48 *			P I N G . C
49 *
50 * Using the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility,
51 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths.
52 *
53 * Author -
54 *	Mike Muuss
55 *	U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory
56 *	December, 1983
57 *
58 * Status -
59 *	Public Domain.  Distribution Unlimited.
60 * Bugs -
61 *	More statistics could always be gathered.
62 *	This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket.
63 */
64
65#include <sys/param.h>		/* NB: we rely on this for <sys/types.h> */
66#include <sys/socket.h>
67#include <sys/sysctl.h>
68#include <sys/time.h>
69#include <sys/uio.h>
70
71#include <netinet/in.h>
72#include <netinet/in_systm.h>
73#include <netinet/ip.h>
74#include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
75#include <netinet/ip_var.h>
76#include <arpa/inet.h>
77
78#ifdef IPSEC
79#include <netinet6/ipsec.h>
80#endif /*IPSEC*/
81
82#include <ctype.h>
83#include <err.h>
84#include <errno.h>
85#include <math.h>
86#include <netdb.h>
87#include <signal.h>
88#include <stdio.h>
89#include <stdlib.h>
90#include <string.h>
91#include <sysexits.h>
92#include <unistd.h>
93
94#define	INADDR_LEN	((int)sizeof(in_addr_t))
95#define	TIMEVAL_LEN	((int)sizeof(struct tv32))
96#define	MASK_LEN	(ICMP_MASKLEN - ICMP_MINLEN)
97#define	TS_LEN		(ICMP_TSLEN - ICMP_MINLEN)
98#define	DEFDATALEN	56		/* default data length */
99#define	FLOOD_BACKOFF	20000		/* usecs to back off if F_FLOOD mode */
100					/* runs out of buffer space */
101#define	MAXIPLEN	(sizeof(struct ip) + MAX_IPOPTLEN)
102#define	MAXICMPLEN	(ICMP_ADVLENMIN + MAX_IPOPTLEN)
103#define	MAXWAIT		10		/* max seconds to wait for response */
104#define	MAXALARM	(60 * 60)	/* max seconds for alarm timeout */
105#define	MAXTOS		255
106
107#define	A(bit)		rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3]	/* identify byte in array */
108#define	B(bit)		(1 << ((bit) & 0x07))	/* identify bit in byte */
109#define	SET(bit)	(A(bit) |= B(bit))
110#define	CLR(bit)	(A(bit) &= (~B(bit)))
111#define	TST(bit)	(A(bit) & B(bit))
112
113struct tv32 {
114	int32_t tv32_sec;
115	int32_t tv32_usec;
116};
117
118/* various options */
119int options;
120#define	F_FLOOD		0x0001
121#define	F_INTERVAL	0x0002
122#define	F_NUMERIC	0x0004
123#define	F_PINGFILLED	0x0008
124#define	F_QUIET		0x0010
125#define	F_RROUTE	0x0020
126#define	F_SO_DEBUG	0x0040
127#define	F_SO_DONTROUTE	0x0080
128#define	F_VERBOSE	0x0100
129#define	F_QUIET2	0x0200
130#define	F_NOLOOP	0x0400
131#define	F_MTTL		0x0800
132#define	F_MIF		0x1000
133#define	F_AUDIBLE	0x2000
134#ifdef IPSEC
135#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
136#define F_POLICY	0x4000
137#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
138#endif /*IPSEC*/
139#define	F_TTL		0x8000
140#define	F_MISSED	0x10000
141#define	F_ONCE		0x20000
142#define	F_HDRINCL	0x40000
143#define	F_MASK		0x80000
144#define	F_TIME		0x100000
145
146/*
147 * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum
148 * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of.  Change 128
149 * to 8192 for complete accuracy...
150 */
151#define	MAX_DUP_CHK	(8 * 128)
152int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK;
153char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8];
154
155struct sockaddr_in whereto;	/* who to ping */
156int datalen = DEFDATALEN;
157int maxpayload;
158int s;				/* socket file descriptor */
159u_char outpackhdr[IP_MAXPACKET], *outpack;
160char BBELL = '\a';		/* characters written for MISSED and AUDIBLE */
161char BSPACE = '\b';		/* characters written for flood */
162char DOT = '.';
163char *hostname;
164char *shostname;
165int ident;			/* process id to identify our packets */
166int uid;			/* cached uid for micro-optimization */
167u_char icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO;
168u_char icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_ECHOREPLY;
169int phdr_len = 0;
170int send_len;
171
172/* counters */
173long nmissedmax;		/* max value of ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 */
174long npackets;			/* max packets to transmit */
175long nreceived;			/* # of packets we got back */
176long nrepeats;			/* number of duplicates */
177long ntransmitted;		/* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */
178int interval = 1000;		/* interval between packets, ms */
179
180/* timing */
181int timing;			/* flag to do timing */
182double tmin = 999999999.0;	/* minimum round trip time */
183double tmax = 0.0;		/* maximum round trip time */
184double tsum = 0.0;		/* sum of all times, for doing average */
185double tsumsq = 0.0;		/* sum of all times squared, for std. dev. */
186
187volatile sig_atomic_t finish_up;  /* nonzero if we've been told to finish up */
188volatile sig_atomic_t siginfo_p;
189
190static void fill(char *, char *);
191static u_short in_cksum(u_short *, int);
192static void check_status(void);
193static void finish(void) __dead2;
194static void pinger(void);
195static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr);
196static char *pr_ntime(n_time);
197static void pr_icmph(struct icmp *);
198static void pr_iph(struct ip *);
199static void pr_pack(char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *, struct timeval *);
200static void pr_retip(struct ip *);
201static void status(int);
202static void stopit(int);
203static void tvsub(struct timeval *, struct timeval *);
204static void usage(void) __dead2;
205
206int
207main(argc, argv)
208	int argc;
209	char *const *argv;
210{
211	struct sockaddr_in from, sock_in;
212	struct in_addr ifaddr;
213	struct timeval last, intvl;
214	struct iovec iov;
215	struct ip *ip;
216	struct msghdr msg;
217	struct sigaction si_sa;
218	size_t sz;
219	u_char *datap, packet[IP_MAXPACKET];
220	char *ep, *source, *target, *payload;
221	struct hostent *hp;
222#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
223	char *policy_in, *policy_out;
224#endif
225	struct sockaddr_in *to;
226	double t;
227	u_long alarmtimeout, ultmp;
228	int almost_done, ch, df, hold, i, icmp_len, mib[4], preload, sockerrno,
229	    tos, ttl;
230	char ctrl[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct timeval))];
231	char hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], snamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
232#ifdef IP_OPTIONS
233	char rspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN];	/* record route space */
234#endif
235	unsigned char loop, mttl;
236
237	payload = source = NULL;
238#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
239	policy_in = policy_out = NULL;
240#endif
241
242	/*
243	 * Do the stuff that we need root priv's for *first*, and
244	 * then drop our setuid bit.  Save error reporting for
245	 * after arg parsing.
246	 */
247	s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP);
248	sockerrno = errno;
249
250	setuid(getuid());
251	uid = getuid();
252
253	alarmtimeout = df = preload = tos = 0;
254
255	outpack = outpackhdr + sizeof(struct ip);
256	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
257		"Aac:DdfI:i:Ll:M:m:nop:QqRrS:s:T:t:vz:"
258#ifdef IPSEC
259#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
260		"P:"
261#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
262#endif /*IPSEC*/
263		)) != -1)
264	{
265		switch(ch) {
266		case 'A':
267			options |= F_MISSED;
268			break;
269		case 'a':
270			options |= F_AUDIBLE;
271			break;
272		case 'c':
273			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
274			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > LONG_MAX || !ultmp)
275				errx(EX_USAGE,
276				    "invalid count of packets to transmit: `%s'",
277				    optarg);
278			npackets = ultmp;
279			break;
280		case 'D':
281			options |= F_HDRINCL;
282			df = 1;
283			break;
284		case 'd':
285			options |= F_SO_DEBUG;
286			break;
287		case 'f':
288			if (uid) {
289				errno = EPERM;
290				err(EX_NOPERM, "-f flag");
291			}
292			options |= F_FLOOD;
293			setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL);
294			break;
295		case 'I':		/* multicast interface */
296			if (inet_aton(optarg, &ifaddr) == 0)
297				errx(EX_USAGE,
298				    "invalid multicast interface: `%s'",
299				    optarg);
300			options |= F_MIF;
301			break;
302		case 'i':		/* wait between sending packets */
303			t = strtod(optarg, &ep) * 1000.0;
304			if (*ep || ep == optarg || t > (double)INT_MAX)
305				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timing interval: `%s'",
306				    optarg);
307			options |= F_INTERVAL;
308			interval = (int)t;
309			if (uid && interval < 1000) {
310				errno = EPERM;
311				err(EX_NOPERM, "-i interval too short");
312			}
313			break;
314		case 'L':
315			options |= F_NOLOOP;
316			loop = 0;
317			break;
318		case 'l':
319			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
320			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > INT_MAX)
321				errx(EX_USAGE,
322				    "invalid preload value: `%s'", optarg);
323			if (uid) {
324				errno = EPERM;
325				err(EX_NOPERM, "-l flag");
326			}
327			preload = ultmp;
328			break;
329		case 'M':
330			switch(optarg[0]) {
331			case 'M':
332			case 'm':
333				options |= F_MASK;
334				break;
335			case 'T':
336			case 't':
337				options |= F_TIME;
338				break;
339			default:
340				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid message: `%c'", optarg[0]);
341				break;
342			}
343			break;
344		case 'm':		/* TTL */
345			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
346			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTTL)
347				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TTL: `%s'", optarg);
348			ttl = ultmp;
349			options |= F_TTL;
350			break;
351		case 'n':
352			options |= F_NUMERIC;
353			break;
354		case 'o':
355			options |= F_ONCE;
356			break;
357#ifdef IPSEC
358#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
359		case 'P':
360			options |= F_POLICY;
361			if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2))
362				policy_in = strdup(optarg);
363			else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3))
364				policy_out = strdup(optarg);
365			else
366				errx(1, "invalid security policy");
367			break;
368#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
369#endif /*IPSEC*/
370		case 'p':		/* fill buffer with user pattern */
371			options |= F_PINGFILLED;
372			payload = optarg;
373			break;
374		case 'Q':
375			options |= F_QUIET2;
376			break;
377		case 'q':
378			options |= F_QUIET;
379			break;
380		case 'R':
381			options |= F_RROUTE;
382			break;
383		case 'r':
384			options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE;
385			break;
386		case 'S':
387			source = optarg;
388			break;
389		case 's':		/* size of packet to send */
390			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
391			if (*ep || ep == optarg)
392				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'",
393				    optarg);
394			if (uid != 0 && ultmp > DEFDATALEN) {
395				errno = EPERM;
396				err(EX_NOPERM,
397				    "packet size too large: %lu > %u",
398				    ultmp, DEFDATALEN);
399			}
400			datalen = ultmp;
401			break;
402		case 'T':		/* multicast TTL */
403			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
404			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTTL)
405				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid multicast TTL: `%s'",
406				    optarg);
407			mttl = ultmp;
408			options |= F_MTTL;
409			break;
410		case 't':
411			alarmtimeout = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
412			if ((alarmtimeout < 1) || (alarmtimeout == ULONG_MAX))
413				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s'",
414				    optarg);
415			if (alarmtimeout > MAXALARM)
416				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s' > %d",
417				    optarg, MAXALARM);
418			alarm((int)alarmtimeout);
419			break;
420		case 'v':
421			options |= F_VERBOSE;
422			break;
423		case 'z':
424			options |= F_HDRINCL;
425			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
426			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTOS)
427				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TOS: `%s'", optarg);
428			tos = ultmp;
429			break;
430		default:
431			usage();
432		}
433	}
434
435	if (argc - optind != 1)
436		usage();
437	target = argv[optind];
438
439	switch (options & (F_MASK|F_TIME)) {
440	case 0: break;
441	case F_MASK:
442		icmp_type = ICMP_MASKREQ;
443		icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_MASKREPLY;
444		phdr_len = MASK_LEN;
445		if (!(options & F_QUIET))
446			(void)printf("ICMP_MASKREQ\n");
447		break;
448	case F_TIME:
449		icmp_type = ICMP_TSTAMP;
450		icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY;
451		phdr_len = TS_LEN;
452		if (!(options & F_QUIET))
453			(void)printf("ICMP_TSTAMP\n");
454		break;
455	default:
456		errx(EX_USAGE, "ICMP_TSTAMP and ICMP_MASKREQ are exclusive.");
457		break;
458	}
459	icmp_len = sizeof(struct ip) + ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len;
460	if (options & F_RROUTE)
461		icmp_len += MAX_IPOPTLEN;
462	maxpayload = IP_MAXPACKET - icmp_len;
463	if (datalen > maxpayload)
464		errx(EX_USAGE, "packet size too large: %d > %d", datalen,
465		    maxpayload);
466	send_len = icmp_len + datalen;
467	datap = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + TIMEVAL_LEN];
468	if (options & F_PINGFILLED) {
469		fill((char *)datap, payload);
470	}
471	if (source) {
472		bzero((char *)&sock_in, sizeof(sock_in));
473		sock_in.sin_family = AF_INET;
474		if (inet_aton(source, &sock_in.sin_addr) != 0) {
475			shostname = source;
476		} else {
477			hp = gethostbyname2(source, AF_INET);
478			if (!hp)
479				errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
480				    source, hstrerror(h_errno));
481
482			sock_in.sin_len = sizeof sock_in;
483			if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr) ||
484			    hp->h_length < 0)
485				errx(1, "gethostbyname2: illegal address");
486			memcpy(&sock_in.sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0],
487			    sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr));
488			(void)strncpy(snamebuf, hp->h_name,
489			    sizeof(snamebuf) - 1);
490			snamebuf[sizeof(snamebuf) - 1] = '\0';
491			shostname = snamebuf;
492		}
493		if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sock_in, sizeof sock_in) == -1)
494			err(1, "bind");
495	}
496
497	bzero(&whereto, sizeof(whereto));
498	to = &whereto;
499	to->sin_family = AF_INET;
500	to->sin_len = sizeof *to;
501	if (inet_aton(target, &to->sin_addr) != 0) {
502		hostname = target;
503	} else {
504		hp = gethostbyname2(target, AF_INET);
505		if (!hp)
506			errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
507			    target, hstrerror(h_errno));
508
509		if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(to->sin_addr))
510			errx(1, "gethostbyname2 returned an illegal address");
511		memcpy(&to->sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0], sizeof to->sin_addr);
512		(void)strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1);
513		hnamebuf[sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1] = '\0';
514		hostname = hnamebuf;
515	}
516
517	if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL)
518		errx(EX_USAGE, "-f and -i: incompatible options");
519
520	if (options & F_FLOOD && IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr)))
521		errx(EX_USAGE,
522		    "-f flag cannot be used with multicast destination");
523	if (options & (F_MIF | F_NOLOOP | F_MTTL)
524	    && !IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr)))
525		errx(EX_USAGE,
526		    "-I, -L, -T flags cannot be used with unicast destination");
527
528	if (datalen >= TIMEVAL_LEN)	/* can we time transfer */
529		timing = 1;
530
531	if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED))
532		for (i = TIMEVAL_LEN; i < datalen; ++i)
533			*datap++ = i;
534
535	ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF;
536
537	if (s < 0) {
538		errno = sockerrno;
539		err(EX_OSERR, "socket");
540	}
541	hold = 1;
542	if (options & F_SO_DEBUG)
543		(void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold,
544		    sizeof(hold));
545	if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE)
546		(void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold,
547		    sizeof(hold));
548#ifdef IPSEC
549#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
550	if (options & F_POLICY) {
551		char *buf;
552		if (policy_in != NULL) {
553			buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_in, strlen(policy_in));
554			if (buf == NULL)
555				errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
556			if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY,
557					buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0)
558				err(EX_CONFIG,
559				    "ipsec policy cannot be configured");
560			free(buf);
561		}
562
563		if (policy_out != NULL) {
564			buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_out, strlen(policy_out));
565			if (buf == NULL)
566				errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
567			if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY,
568					buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0)
569				err(EX_CONFIG,
570				    "ipsec policy cannot be configured");
571			free(buf);
572		}
573	}
574#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
575#endif /*IPSEC*/
576
577	if (options & F_HDRINCL) {
578		ip = (struct ip*)outpackhdr;
579		if (!(options & (F_TTL | F_MTTL))) {
580			mib[0] = CTL_NET;
581			mib[1] = PF_INET;
582			mib[2] = IPPROTO_IP;
583			mib[3] = IPCTL_DEFTTL;
584			sz = sizeof(ttl);
585			if (sysctl(mib, 4, &ttl, &sz, NULL, 0) == -1)
586				err(1, "sysctl(net.inet.ip.ttl)");
587		}
588		setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, &hold, sizeof(hold));
589		ip->ip_v = IPVERSION;
590		ip->ip_hl = sizeof(struct ip) >> 2;
591		ip->ip_tos = tos;
592		ip->ip_id = 0;
593		ip->ip_off = df ? IP_DF : 0;
594		ip->ip_ttl = ttl;
595		ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP;
596		ip->ip_src.s_addr = source ? sock_in.sin_addr.s_addr : INADDR_ANY;
597		ip->ip_dst = to->sin_addr;
598        }
599	/* record route option */
600	if (options & F_RROUTE) {
601#ifdef IP_OPTIONS
602		bzero(rspace, sizeof(rspace));
603		rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR;
604		rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace) - 1;
605		rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF;
606		rspace[sizeof(rspace) - 1] = IPOPT_EOL;
607		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace,
608		    sizeof(rspace)) < 0)
609			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_OPTIONS");
610#else
611		errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
612		    "record route not available in this implementation");
613#endif /* IP_OPTIONS */
614	}
615
616	if (options & F_TTL) {
617		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, &ttl,
618		    sizeof(ttl)) < 0) {
619			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_TTL");
620		}
621	}
622	if (options & F_NOLOOP) {
623		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, &loop,
624		    sizeof(loop)) < 0) {
625			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_LOOP");
626		}
627	}
628	if (options & F_MTTL) {
629		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, &mttl,
630		    sizeof(mttl)) < 0) {
631			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_TTL");
632		}
633	}
634	if (options & F_MIF) {
635		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, &ifaddr,
636		    sizeof(ifaddr)) < 0) {
637			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_IF");
638		}
639	}
640#ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
641	{ int on = 1;
642	if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_TIMESTAMP, &on, sizeof(on)) < 0)
643		err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt SO_TIMESTAMP");
644	}
645#endif
646
647	/*
648	 * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers.
649	 * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the
650	 * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for
651	 * /etc/ethers.  But beware: RFC 1122 allows hosts to ignore broadcast
652	 * or multicast pings if they wish.
653	 */
654
655	/*
656	 * XXX receive buffer needs undetermined space for mbuf overhead
657	 * as well.
658	 */
659	hold = IP_MAXPACKET + 128;
660	(void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold,
661	    sizeof(hold));
662	if (uid == 0)
663		(void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&hold,
664		    sizeof(hold));
665
666	if (to->sin_family == AF_INET) {
667		(void)printf("PING %s (%s)", hostname,
668		    inet_ntoa(to->sin_addr));
669		if (source)
670			(void)printf(" from %s", shostname);
671		(void)printf(": %d data bytes\n", datalen);
672	} else
673		(void)printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen);
674
675	/*
676	 * Use sigaction() instead of signal() to get unambiguous semantics,
677	 * in particular with SA_RESTART not set.
678	 */
679
680	sigemptyset(&si_sa.sa_mask);
681	si_sa.sa_flags = 0;
682
683	si_sa.sa_handler = stopit;
684	if (sigaction(SIGINT, &si_sa, 0) == -1) {
685		err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGINT");
686	}
687
688	si_sa.sa_handler = status;
689	if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, 0) == -1) {
690		err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction");
691	}
692
693        if (alarmtimeout > 0) {
694		si_sa.sa_handler = stopit;
695		if (sigaction(SIGALRM, &si_sa, 0) == -1)
696			err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGALRM");
697        }
698
699	bzero(&msg, sizeof(msg));
700	msg.msg_name = (caddr_t)&from;
701	msg.msg_iov = &iov;
702	msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
703#ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
704	msg.msg_control = (caddr_t)ctrl;
705#endif
706	iov.iov_base = packet;
707	iov.iov_len = IP_MAXPACKET;
708
709	if (preload == 0)
710		pinger();		/* send the first ping */
711	else {
712		if (npackets != 0 && preload > npackets)
713			preload = npackets;
714		while (preload--)	/* fire off them quickies */
715			pinger();
716	}
717	(void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL);
718
719	if (options & F_FLOOD) {
720		intvl.tv_sec = 0;
721		intvl.tv_usec = 10000;
722	} else {
723		intvl.tv_sec = interval / 1000;
724		intvl.tv_usec = interval % 1000 * 1000;
725	}
726
727	almost_done = 0;
728	while (!finish_up) {
729		struct timeval now, timeout;
730		fd_set rfds;
731		int cc, n;
732
733		check_status();
734		if ((unsigned)s >= FD_SETSIZE)
735			errx(EX_OSERR, "descriptor too large");
736		FD_ZERO(&rfds);
737		FD_SET(s, &rfds);
738		(void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
739		timeout.tv_sec = last.tv_sec + intvl.tv_sec - now.tv_sec;
740		timeout.tv_usec = last.tv_usec + intvl.tv_usec - now.tv_usec;
741		while (timeout.tv_usec < 0) {
742			timeout.tv_usec += 1000000;
743			timeout.tv_sec--;
744		}
745		while (timeout.tv_usec >= 1000000) {
746			timeout.tv_usec -= 1000000;
747			timeout.tv_sec++;
748		}
749		if (timeout.tv_sec < 0)
750			timeout.tv_sec = timeout.tv_usec = 0;
751		n = select(s + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout);
752		if (n < 0)
753			continue;	/* Must be EINTR. */
754		if (n == 1) {
755			struct timeval *tv = NULL;
756#ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
757			struct cmsghdr *cmsg = (struct cmsghdr *)&ctrl;
758
759			msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(ctrl);
760#endif
761			msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(from);
762			if ((cc = recvmsg(s, &msg, 0)) < 0) {
763				if (errno == EINTR)
764					continue;
765				warn("recvmsg");
766				continue;
767			}
768#ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
769			if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET &&
770			    cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_TIMESTAMP &&
771			    cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof *tv)) {
772				/* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */
773				memcpy(&now, CMSG_DATA(cmsg), sizeof(now));
774				tv = &now;
775			}
776#endif
777			if (tv == NULL) {
778				(void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
779				tv = &now;
780			}
781			pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from, tv);
782			if ((options & F_ONCE && nreceived) ||
783			    (npackets && nreceived >= npackets))
784				break;
785		}
786		if (n == 0 || options & F_FLOOD) {
787			if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets)
788				pinger();
789			else {
790				if (almost_done)
791					break;
792				almost_done = 1;
793				intvl.tv_usec = 0;
794				if (nreceived) {
795					intvl.tv_sec = 2 * tmax / 1000;
796					if (!intvl.tv_sec)
797						intvl.tv_sec = 1;
798				} else
799					intvl.tv_sec = MAXWAIT;
800			}
801			(void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL);
802			if (ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 > nmissedmax) {
803				nmissedmax = ntransmitted - nreceived - 1;
804				if (options & F_MISSED)
805					(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
806			}
807		}
808	}
809	finish();
810	/* NOTREACHED */
811	exit(0);	/* Make the compiler happy */
812}
813
814/*
815 * stopit --
816 *	Set the global bit that causes the main loop to quit.
817 * Do NOT call finish() from here, since finish() does far too much
818 * to be called from a signal handler.
819 */
820void
821stopit(sig)
822	int sig __unused;
823{
824
825	/*
826	 * When doing reverse DNS lookups, the finish_up flag might not
827	 * be noticed for a while.  Just exit if we get a second SIGINT.
828	 */
829	if (!(options & F_NUMERIC) && finish_up)
830		_exit(nreceived ? 0 : 2);
831	finish_up = 1;
832}
833
834/*
835 * pinger --
836 *	Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet.  The IP packet
837 * will be added on by the kernel.  The ID field is our UNIX process ID,
838 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer.  The first TIMEVAL_LEN
839 * bytes of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in
840 * host byte-order, to compute the round-trip time.
841 */
842static void
843pinger(void)
844{
845	struct timeval now;
846	struct tv32 tv32;
847	struct ip *ip;
848	struct icmp *icp;
849	int cc, i;
850	u_char *packet;
851
852	packet = outpack;
853	icp = (struct icmp *)outpack;
854	icp->icmp_type = icmp_type;
855	icp->icmp_code = 0;
856	icp->icmp_cksum = 0;
857	icp->icmp_seq = htons(ntransmitted);
858	icp->icmp_id = ident;			/* ID */
859
860	CLR(ntransmitted % mx_dup_ck);
861
862	if ((options & F_TIME) || timing) {
863		(void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
864
865		tv32.tv32_sec = htonl(now.tv_sec);
866		tv32.tv32_usec = htonl(now.tv_usec);
867		if (options & F_TIME)
868			icp->icmp_otime = htonl((now.tv_sec % (24*60*60))
869				* 1000 + now.tv_usec / 1000);
870		if (timing)
871			bcopy((void *)&tv32,
872			    (void *)&outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len],
873			    sizeof(tv32));
874	}
875
876	cc = ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + datalen;
877
878	/* compute ICMP checksum here */
879	icp->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc);
880
881	if (options & F_HDRINCL) {
882		cc += sizeof(struct ip);
883		ip = (struct ip *)outpackhdr;
884		ip->ip_len = cc;
885		ip->ip_sum = in_cksum((u_short *)outpackhdr, cc);
886		packet = outpackhdr;
887	}
888	i = sendto(s, (char *)packet, cc, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&whereto,
889	    sizeof(whereto));
890
891	if (i < 0 || i != cc)  {
892		if (i < 0) {
893			if (options & F_FLOOD && errno == ENOBUFS) {
894				usleep(FLOOD_BACKOFF);
895				return;
896			}
897			warn("sendto");
898		} else {
899			warn("%s: partial write: %d of %d bytes",
900			     hostname, i, cc);
901		}
902	}
903	ntransmitted++;
904	if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_FLOOD)
905		(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT, 1);
906}
907
908/*
909 * pr_pack --
910 *	Print out the packet, if it came from us.  This logic is necessary
911 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets
912 * which arrive ('tis only fair).  This permits multiple copies of this
913 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!).
914 */
915static void
916pr_pack(buf, cc, from, tv)
917	char *buf;
918	int cc;
919	struct sockaddr_in *from;
920	struct timeval *tv;
921{
922	struct in_addr ina;
923	u_char *cp, *dp;
924	struct icmp *icp;
925	struct ip *ip;
926	const void *tp;
927	double triptime;
928	int dupflag, hlen, i, j, recv_len, seq;
929	static int old_rrlen;
930	static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN];
931
932	/* Check the IP header */
933	ip = (struct ip *)buf;
934	hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
935	recv_len = cc;
936	if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) {
937		if (options & F_VERBOSE)
938			warn("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s", cc,
939			     inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr));
940		return;
941	}
942
943	/* Now the ICMP part */
944	cc -= hlen;
945	icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen);
946	if (icp->icmp_type == icmp_type_rsp) {
947		if (icp->icmp_id != ident)
948			return;			/* 'Twas not our ECHO */
949		++nreceived;
950		triptime = 0.0;
951		if (timing) {
952			struct timeval tv1;
953			struct tv32 tv32;
954#ifndef icmp_data
955			tp = &icp->icmp_ip;
956#else
957			tp = icp->icmp_data;
958#endif
959			tp = (const char *)tp + phdr_len;
960
961			if (cc - ICMP_MINLEN - phdr_len >= sizeof(tv1)) {
962				/* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */
963				memcpy(&tv32, tp, sizeof(tv32));
964				tv1.tv_sec = ntohl(tv32.tv32_sec);
965				tv1.tv_usec = ntohl(tv32.tv32_usec);
966				tvsub(tv, &tv1);
967 				triptime = ((double)tv->tv_sec) * 1000.0 +
968 				    ((double)tv->tv_usec) / 1000.0;
969				tsum += triptime;
970				tsumsq += triptime * triptime;
971				if (triptime < tmin)
972					tmin = triptime;
973				if (triptime > tmax)
974					tmax = triptime;
975			} else
976				timing = 0;
977		}
978
979		seq = ntohs(icp->icmp_seq);
980
981		if (TST(seq % mx_dup_ck)) {
982			++nrepeats;
983			--nreceived;
984			dupflag = 1;
985		} else {
986			SET(seq % mx_dup_ck);
987			dupflag = 0;
988		}
989
990		if (options & F_QUIET)
991			return;
992
993		if (options & F_FLOOD)
994			(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1);
995		else {
996			(void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc,
997			   inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr),
998			   seq);
999			(void)printf(" ttl=%d", ip->ip_ttl);
1000			if (timing)
1001				(void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime);
1002			if (dupflag)
1003				(void)printf(" (DUP!)");
1004			if (options & F_AUDIBLE)
1005				(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
1006			if (options & F_MASK) {
1007				/* Just prentend this cast isn't ugly */
1008				(void)printf(" mask=%s",
1009					pr_addr(*(struct in_addr *)&(icp->icmp_mask)));
1010			}
1011			if (options & F_TIME) {
1012				(void)printf(" tso=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_otime));
1013				(void)printf(" tsr=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_rtime));
1014				(void)printf(" tst=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_ttime));
1015			}
1016			if (recv_len != send_len) {
1017                        	(void)printf(
1018				     "\nwrong total length %d instead of %d",
1019				     recv_len, send_len);
1020			}
1021			/* check the data */
1022			cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[phdr_len];
1023			dp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len];
1024			cc -= ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len;
1025			i = 0;
1026			if (timing) {   /* don't check variable timestamp */
1027				cp += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1028				dp += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1029				cc -= TIMEVAL_LEN;
1030				i += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1031			}
1032			for (; i < datalen && cc > 0; ++i, ++cp, ++dp, --cc) {
1033				if (*cp != *dp) {
1034	(void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x",
1035	    i, *dp, *cp);
1036					(void)printf("\ncp:");
1037					cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[0];
1038					for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
1039						if ((i % 16) == 8)
1040							(void)printf("\n\t");
1041						(void)printf("%2x ", *cp);
1042					}
1043					(void)printf("\ndp:");
1044					cp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN];
1045					for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
1046						if ((i % 16) == 8)
1047							(void)printf("\n\t");
1048						(void)printf("%2x ", *cp);
1049					}
1050					break;
1051				}
1052			}
1053		}
1054	} else {
1055		/*
1056		 * We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY.
1057		 * See if it's a reply to something that we sent.
1058		 * We can compare IP destination, protocol,
1059		 * and ICMP type and ID.
1060		 *
1061		 * Only print all the error messages if we are running
1062		 * as root to avoid leaking information not normally
1063		 * available to those not running as root.
1064		 */
1065#ifndef icmp_data
1066		struct ip *oip = &icp->icmp_ip;
1067#else
1068		struct ip *oip = (struct ip *)icp->icmp_data;
1069#endif
1070		struct icmp *oicmp = (struct icmp *)(oip + 1);
1071
1072		if (((options & F_VERBOSE) && uid == 0) ||
1073		    (!(options & F_QUIET2) &&
1074		     (oip->ip_dst.s_addr == whereto.sin_addr.s_addr) &&
1075		     (oip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) &&
1076		     (oicmp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) &&
1077		     (oicmp->icmp_id == ident))) {
1078		    (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc,
1079			pr_addr(from->sin_addr));
1080		    pr_icmph(icp);
1081		} else
1082		    return;
1083	}
1084
1085	/* Display any IP options */
1086	cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip);
1087
1088	for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp)
1089		switch (*cp) {
1090		case IPOPT_EOL:
1091			hlen = 0;
1092			break;
1093		case IPOPT_LSRR:
1094		case IPOPT_SSRR:
1095			(void)printf(*cp == IPOPT_LSRR ?
1096			    "\nLSRR: " : "\nSSRR: ");
1097			j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN] - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1;
1098			hlen -= 2;
1099			cp += 2;
1100			if (j >= INADDR_LEN &&
1101			    j <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) {
1102				for (;;) {
1103					bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN);
1104					if (ina.s_addr == 0)
1105						(void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
1106					else
1107						(void)printf("\t%s",
1108						     pr_addr(ina));
1109					hlen -= INADDR_LEN;
1110					cp += INADDR_LEN - 1;
1111					j -= INADDR_LEN;
1112					if (j < INADDR_LEN)
1113						break;
1114					(void)putchar('\n');
1115				}
1116			} else
1117				(void)printf("\t(truncated route)\n");
1118			break;
1119		case IPOPT_RR:
1120			j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN];		/* get length */
1121			i = cp[IPOPT_OFFSET];		/* and pointer */
1122			hlen -= 2;
1123			cp += 2;
1124			if (i > j)
1125				i = j;
1126			i = i - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1;
1127			if (i < 0 || i > (hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip))) {
1128				old_rrlen = 0;
1129				continue;
1130			}
1131			if (i == old_rrlen
1132			    && !bcmp((char *)cp, old_rr, i)
1133			    && !(options & F_FLOOD)) {
1134				(void)printf("\t(same route)");
1135				hlen -= i;
1136				cp += i;
1137				break;
1138			}
1139			old_rrlen = i;
1140			bcopy((char *)cp, old_rr, i);
1141			(void)printf("\nRR: ");
1142			if (i >= INADDR_LEN &&
1143			    i <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) {
1144				for (;;) {
1145					bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN);
1146					if (ina.s_addr == 0)
1147						(void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
1148					else
1149						(void)printf("\t%s",
1150						     pr_addr(ina));
1151					hlen -= INADDR_LEN;
1152					cp += INADDR_LEN - 1;
1153					i -= INADDR_LEN;
1154					if (i < INADDR_LEN)
1155						break;
1156					(void)putchar('\n');
1157				}
1158			} else
1159				(void)printf("\t(truncated route)");
1160			break;
1161		case IPOPT_NOP:
1162			(void)printf("\nNOP");
1163			break;
1164		default:
1165			(void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp);
1166			break;
1167		}
1168	if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) {
1169		(void)putchar('\n');
1170		(void)fflush(stdout);
1171	}
1172}
1173
1174/*
1175 * in_cksum --
1176 *	Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version)
1177 */
1178u_short
1179in_cksum(addr, len)
1180	u_short *addr;
1181	int len;
1182{
1183	int nleft, sum;
1184	u_short *w;
1185	union {
1186		u_short	us;
1187		u_char	uc[2];
1188	} last;
1189	u_short answer;
1190
1191	nleft = len;
1192	sum = 0;
1193	w = addr;
1194
1195	/*
1196	 * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add
1197	 * sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the
1198	 * carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits.
1199	 */
1200	while (nleft > 1)  {
1201		sum += *w++;
1202		nleft -= 2;
1203	}
1204
1205	/* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */
1206	if (nleft == 1) {
1207		last.uc[0] = *(u_char *)w;
1208		last.uc[1] = 0;
1209		sum += last.us;
1210	}
1211
1212	/* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */
1213	sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff);	/* add hi 16 to low 16 */
1214	sum += (sum >> 16);			/* add carry */
1215	answer = ~sum;				/* truncate to 16 bits */
1216	return(answer);
1217}
1218
1219/*
1220 * tvsub --
1221 *	Subtract 2 timeval structs:  out = out - in.  Out is assumed to
1222 * be >= in.
1223 */
1224static void
1225tvsub(out, in)
1226	struct timeval *out, *in;
1227{
1228
1229	if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) {
1230		--out->tv_sec;
1231		out->tv_usec += 1000000;
1232	}
1233	out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec;
1234}
1235
1236/*
1237 * status --
1238 *	Print out statistics when SIGINFO is received.
1239 */
1240
1241static void
1242status(sig)
1243	int sig __unused;
1244{
1245
1246	siginfo_p = 1;
1247}
1248
1249static void
1250check_status()
1251{
1252
1253	if (siginfo_p) {
1254		siginfo_p = 0;
1255		(void)fprintf(stderr, "\r%ld/%ld packets received (%.0f%%)",
1256		    nreceived, ntransmitted,
1257		    ntransmitted ? nreceived * 100.0 / ntransmitted : 0.0);
1258		if (nreceived && timing)
1259			(void)fprintf(stderr, " %.3f min / %.3f avg / %.3f max",
1260			    tmin, tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats), tmax);
1261		(void)fprintf(stderr, "\n");
1262	}
1263}
1264
1265/*
1266 * finish --
1267 *	Print out statistics, and give up.
1268 */
1269static void
1270finish()
1271{
1272
1273	(void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
1274	(void)signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
1275	(void)putchar('\n');
1276	(void)fflush(stdout);
1277	(void)printf("--- %s ping statistics ---\n", hostname);
1278	(void)printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted);
1279	(void)printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived);
1280	if (nrepeats)
1281		(void)printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats);
1282	if (ntransmitted) {
1283		if (nreceived > ntransmitted)
1284			(void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!");
1285		else
1286			(void)printf("%d%% packet loss",
1287			    (int)(((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100) /
1288			    ntransmitted));
1289	}
1290	(void)putchar('\n');
1291	if (nreceived && timing) {
1292		double n = nreceived + nrepeats;
1293		double avg = tsum / n;
1294		double vari = tsumsq / n - avg * avg;
1295		(void)printf(
1296		    "round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = %.3f/%.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n",
1297		    tmin, avg, tmax, sqrt(vari));
1298	}
1299
1300	if (nreceived)
1301		exit(0);
1302	else
1303		exit(2);
1304}
1305
1306#ifdef notdef
1307static char *ttab[] = {
1308	"Echo Reply",		/* ip + seq + udata */
1309	"Dest Unreachable",	/* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */
1310	"Source Quench",	/* IP */
1311	"Redirect",		/* redirect type, gateway, + IP  */
1312	"Echo",
1313	"Time Exceeded",	/* transit, frag reassem + IP */
1314	"Parameter Problem",	/* pointer + IP */
1315	"Timestamp",		/* id + seq + three timestamps */
1316	"Timestamp Reply",	/* " */
1317	"Info Request",		/* id + sq */
1318	"Info Reply"		/* " */
1319};
1320#endif
1321
1322/*
1323 * pr_icmph --
1324 *	Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header.
1325 */
1326static void
1327pr_icmph(icp)
1328	struct icmp *icp;
1329{
1330
1331	switch(icp->icmp_type) {
1332	case ICMP_ECHOREPLY:
1333		(void)printf("Echo Reply\n");
1334		/* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
1335		break;
1336	case ICMP_UNREACH:
1337		switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1338		case ICMP_UNREACH_NET:
1339			(void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n");
1340			break;
1341		case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST:
1342			(void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n");
1343			break;
1344		case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL:
1345			(void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n");
1346			break;
1347		case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT:
1348			(void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n");
1349			break;
1350		case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG:
1351			(void)printf("frag needed and DF set (MTU %d)\n",
1352					ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu));
1353			break;
1354		case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL:
1355			(void)printf("Source Route Failed\n");
1356			break;
1357		case ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB:
1358			(void)printf("Communication prohibited by filter\n");
1359			break;
1360		default:
1361			(void)printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n",
1362			    icp->icmp_code);
1363			break;
1364		}
1365		/* Print returned IP header information */
1366#ifndef icmp_data
1367		pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1368#else
1369		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1370#endif
1371		break;
1372	case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH:
1373		(void)printf("Source Quench\n");
1374#ifndef icmp_data
1375		pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1376#else
1377		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1378#endif
1379		break;
1380	case ICMP_REDIRECT:
1381		switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1382		case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET:
1383			(void)printf("Redirect Network");
1384			break;
1385		case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST:
1386			(void)printf("Redirect Host");
1387			break;
1388		case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET:
1389			(void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network");
1390			break;
1391		case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST:
1392			(void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host");
1393			break;
1394		default:
1395			(void)printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code);
1396			break;
1397		}
1398		(void)printf("(New addr: %s)\n", inet_ntoa(icp->icmp_gwaddr));
1399#ifndef icmp_data
1400		pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1401#else
1402		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1403#endif
1404		break;
1405	case ICMP_ECHO:
1406		(void)printf("Echo Request\n");
1407		/* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
1408		break;
1409	case ICMP_TIMXCEED:
1410		switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1411		case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS:
1412			(void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n");
1413			break;
1414		case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS:
1415			(void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n");
1416			break;
1417		default:
1418			(void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n",
1419			    icp->icmp_code);
1420			break;
1421		}
1422#ifndef icmp_data
1423		pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1424#else
1425		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1426#endif
1427		break;
1428	case ICMP_PARAMPROB:
1429		(void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x\n",
1430		    icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr);
1431#ifndef icmp_data
1432		pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1433#else
1434		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1435#endif
1436		break;
1437	case ICMP_TSTAMP:
1438		(void)printf("Timestamp\n");
1439		/* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
1440		break;
1441	case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY:
1442		(void)printf("Timestamp Reply\n");
1443		/* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
1444		break;
1445	case ICMP_IREQ:
1446		(void)printf("Information Request\n");
1447		/* XXX ID + Seq */
1448		break;
1449	case ICMP_IREQREPLY:
1450		(void)printf("Information Reply\n");
1451		/* XXX ID + Seq */
1452		break;
1453	case ICMP_MASKREQ:
1454		(void)printf("Address Mask Request\n");
1455		break;
1456	case ICMP_MASKREPLY:
1457		(void)printf("Address Mask Reply\n");
1458		break;
1459	case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT:
1460		(void)printf("Router Advertisement\n");
1461		break;
1462	case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT:
1463		(void)printf("Router Solicitation\n");
1464		break;
1465	default:
1466		(void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type);
1467	}
1468}
1469
1470/*
1471 * pr_iph --
1472 *	Print an IP header with options.
1473 */
1474static void
1475pr_iph(ip)
1476	struct ip *ip;
1477{
1478	u_char *cp;
1479	int hlen;
1480
1481	hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
1482	cp = (u_char *)ip + 20;		/* point to options */
1483
1484	(void)printf("Vr HL TOS  Len   ID Flg  off TTL Pro  cks      Src      Dst\n");
1485	(void)printf(" %1x  %1x  %02x %04x %04x",
1486	    ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ntohs(ip->ip_len),
1487	    ntohs(ip->ip_id));
1488	(void)printf("   %1lx %04lx",
1489	    (u_long) (ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13,
1490	    (u_long) ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff);
1491	(void)printf("  %02x  %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p,
1492							    ntohs(ip->ip_sum));
1493	(void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr));
1494	(void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr));
1495	/* dump any option bytes */
1496	while (hlen-- > 20) {
1497		(void)printf("%02x", *cp++);
1498	}
1499	(void)putchar('\n');
1500}
1501
1502/*
1503 * pr_addr --
1504 *	Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with
1505 * a hostname.
1506 */
1507static char *
1508pr_addr(ina)
1509	struct in_addr ina;
1510{
1511	struct hostent *hp;
1512	static char buf[16 + 3 + MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
1513
1514	if ((options & F_NUMERIC) ||
1515	    !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&ina, 4, AF_INET)))
1516		return inet_ntoa(ina);
1517	else
1518		(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name,
1519		    inet_ntoa(ina));
1520	return(buf);
1521}
1522
1523/*
1524 * pr_retip --
1525 *	Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet.
1526 */
1527static void
1528pr_retip(ip)
1529	struct ip *ip;
1530{
1531	u_char *cp;
1532	int hlen;
1533
1534	pr_iph(ip);
1535	hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
1536	cp = (u_char *)ip + hlen;
1537
1538	if (ip->ip_p == 6)
1539		(void)printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
1540		    (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
1541	else if (ip->ip_p == 17)
1542		(void)printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
1543			(*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
1544}
1545
1546static char *
1547pr_ntime (n_time timestamp)
1548{
1549	static char buf[10];
1550	int hour, min, sec;
1551
1552	sec = ntohl(timestamp) / 1000;
1553	hour = sec / 60 / 60;
1554	min = (sec % (60 * 60)) / 60;
1555	sec = (sec % (60 * 60)) % 60;
1556
1557	(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%02d:%02d:%02d", hour, min, sec);
1558
1559	return (buf);
1560}
1561
1562static void
1563fill(bp, patp)
1564	char *bp, *patp;
1565{
1566	char *cp;
1567	int pat[16];
1568	u_int ii, jj, kk;
1569
1570	for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++) {
1571		if (!isxdigit(*cp))
1572			errx(EX_USAGE,
1573			    "patterns must be specified as hex digits");
1574
1575	}
1576	ii = sscanf(patp,
1577	    "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x",
1578	    &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6],
1579	    &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12],
1580	    &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]);
1581
1582	if (ii > 0)
1583		for (kk = 0; kk <= maxpayload - (TIMEVAL_LEN + ii); kk += ii)
1584			for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
1585				bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj];
1586	if (!(options & F_QUIET)) {
1587		(void)printf("PATTERN: 0x");
1588		for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
1589			(void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF);
1590		(void)printf("\n");
1591	}
1592}
1593
1594#if defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC)
1595#define	SECOPT		" [-P policy]"
1596#else
1597#define	SECOPT		""
1598#endif
1599static void
1600usage()
1601{
1602
1603	(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
1604"usage: ping [-AaDdfnoQqRrv] [-c count] [-i wait] [-l preload] [-M mask | time]",
1605"            [-m ttl]" SECOPT " [-p pattern] [-S src_addr] [-s packetsize]",
1606"            [-t timeout] [-z tos] host",
1607"       ping [-AaDdfLnoQqRrv] [-c count] [-I iface] [-i wait] [-l preload]",
1608"            [-M mask | time] [-m ttl]" SECOPT " [-p pattern] [-S src_addr]",
1609"            [-s packetsize] [-T ttl] [-t timeout] [-z tos] mcast-group");
1610	exit(EX_USAGE);
1611}
1612