ping.c revision 128073 
1/*
2 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
3 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6 * Mike Muuss.
7 *
8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10 * are met:
11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18 *    without specific prior written permission.
19 *
20 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30 * SUCH DAMAGE.
31 */
32
33#if 0
34#ifndef lint
35static const char copyright[] =
36"@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
37	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
38#endif /* not lint */
39
40#ifndef lint
41static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ping.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93";
42#endif /* not lint */
43#endif
44#include <sys/cdefs.h>
45__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: head/sbin/ping/ping.c 128073 2004-04-09 19:58:40Z markm $");
46
47/*
48 *			P I N G . C
49 *
50 * Using the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility,
51 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths.
52 *
53 * Author -
54 *	Mike Muuss
55 *	U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory
56 *	December, 1983
57 *
58 * Status -
59 *	Public Domain.  Distribution Unlimited.
60 * Bugs -
61 *	More statistics could always be gathered.
62 *	This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket.
63 */
64
65#include <sys/param.h>		/* NB: we rely on this for <sys/types.h> */
66#include <sys/socket.h>
67#include <sys/sysctl.h>
68#include <sys/time.h>
69#include <sys/uio.h>
70
71#include <netinet/in.h>
72#include <netinet/in_systm.h>
73#include <netinet/ip.h>
74#include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
75#include <netinet/ip_var.h>
76#include <arpa/inet.h>
77
78#ifdef IPSEC
79#include <netinet6/ipsec.h>
80#endif /*IPSEC*/
81
82#include <ctype.h>
83#include <err.h>
84#include <errno.h>
85#include <math.h>
86#include <netdb.h>
87#include <signal.h>
88#include <stdio.h>
89#include <stdlib.h>
90#include <string.h>
91#include <sysexits.h>
92#include <unistd.h>
93
94#define	INADDR_LEN	((int)sizeof(in_addr_t))
95#define	TIMEVAL_LEN	((int)sizeof(struct timeval))
96#define	MASK_LEN	(ICMP_MASKLEN - ICMP_MINLEN)
97#define	TS_LEN		(ICMP_TSLEN - ICMP_MINLEN)
98#define	DEFDATALEN	56		/* default data length */
99#define	FLOOD_BACKOFF	20000		/* usecs to back off if F_FLOOD mode */
100					/* runs out of buffer space */
101#define	MAXIPLEN	(sizeof(struct ip) + MAX_IPOPTLEN)
102#define	MAXICMPLEN	(ICMP_ADVLENMIN + MAX_IPOPTLEN)
103#define	MAXWAIT		10		/* max seconds to wait for response */
104#define	MAXALARM	(60 * 60)	/* max seconds for alarm timeout */
105#define	MAXTOS		255
106
107#define	A(bit)		rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3]	/* identify byte in array */
108#define	B(bit)		(1 << ((bit) & 0x07))	/* identify bit in byte */
109#define	SET(bit)	(A(bit) |= B(bit))
110#define	CLR(bit)	(A(bit) &= (~B(bit)))
111#define	TST(bit)	(A(bit) & B(bit))
112
113/* various options */
114int options;
115#define	F_FLOOD		0x0001
116#define	F_INTERVAL	0x0002
117#define	F_NUMERIC	0x0004
118#define	F_PINGFILLED	0x0008
119#define	F_QUIET		0x0010
120#define	F_RROUTE	0x0020
121#define	F_SO_DEBUG	0x0040
122#define	F_SO_DONTROUTE	0x0080
123#define	F_VERBOSE	0x0100
124#define	F_QUIET2	0x0200
125#define	F_NOLOOP	0x0400
126#define	F_MTTL		0x0800
127#define	F_MIF		0x1000
128#define	F_AUDIBLE	0x2000
129#ifdef IPSEC
130#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
131#define F_POLICY	0x4000
132#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
133#endif /*IPSEC*/
134#define	F_TTL		0x8000
135#define	F_MISSED	0x10000
136#define	F_ONCE		0x20000
137#define	F_HDRINCL	0x40000
138#define	F_MASK		0x80000
139#define	F_TIME		0x100000
140
141/*
142 * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum
143 * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of.  Change 128
144 * to 8192 for complete accuracy...
145 */
146#define	MAX_DUP_CHK	(8 * 128)
147int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK;
148char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8];
149
150struct sockaddr_in whereto;	/* who to ping */
151int datalen = DEFDATALEN;
152int maxpayload;
153int s;				/* socket file descriptor */
154u_char outpackhdr[IP_MAXPACKET], *outpack;
155char BBELL = '\a';		/* characters written for MISSED and AUDIBLE */
156char BSPACE = '\b';		/* characters written for flood */
157char DOT = '.';
158char *hostname;
159char *shostname;
160int ident;			/* process id to identify our packets */
161int uid;			/* cached uid for micro-optimization */
162u_char icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO;
163u_char icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_ECHOREPLY;
164int phdr_len = 0;
165int send_len;
166
167/* counters */
168long nmissedmax;		/* max value of ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 */
169long npackets;			/* max packets to transmit */
170long nreceived;			/* # of packets we got back */
171long nrepeats;			/* number of duplicates */
172long ntransmitted;		/* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */
173int interval = 1000;		/* interval between packets, ms */
174
175/* timing */
176int timing;			/* flag to do timing */
177double tmin = 999999999.0;	/* minimum round trip time */
178double tmax = 0.0;		/* maximum round trip time */
179double tsum = 0.0;		/* sum of all times, for doing average */
180double tsumsq = 0.0;		/* sum of all times squared, for std. dev. */
181
182volatile sig_atomic_t finish_up;  /* nonzero if we've been told to finish up */
183volatile sig_atomic_t siginfo_p;
184
185static void fill(char *, char *);
186static u_short in_cksum(u_short *, int);
187static void check_status(void);
188static void finish(void) __dead2;
189static void pinger(void);
190static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr);
191static char *pr_ntime(n_time);
192static void pr_icmph(struct icmp *);
193static void pr_iph(struct ip *);
194static void pr_pack(char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *, struct timeval *);
195static void pr_retip(struct ip *);
196static void status(int);
197static void stopit(int);
198static void tvsub(struct timeval *, struct timeval *);
199static void usage(void) __dead2;
200
201int
202main(argc, argv)
203	int argc;
204	char *const *argv;
205{
206	struct sockaddr_in from, sock_in;
207	struct in_addr ifaddr;
208	struct timeval last, intvl;
209	struct iovec iov;
210	struct ip *ip;
211	struct msghdr msg;
212	struct sigaction si_sa;
213	size_t sz;
214	u_char *datap, packet[IP_MAXPACKET];
215	char *ep, *source, *target, *payload;
216	struct hostent *hp;
217#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
218	char *policy_in, *policy_out;
219#endif
220	struct sockaddr_in *to;
221	double t;
222	u_long alarmtimeout, ultmp;
223	int almost_done, ch, df, hold, i, icmp_len, mib[4], preload, sockerrno,
224	    tos, ttl;
225	char ctrl[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct timeval))];
226	char hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], snamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
227#ifdef IP_OPTIONS
228	char rspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN];	/* record route space */
229#endif
230	unsigned char loop, mttl;
231
232	payload = source = NULL;
233#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
234	policy_in = policy_out = NULL;
235#endif
236
237	/*
238	 * Do the stuff that we need root priv's for *first*, and
239	 * then drop our setuid bit.  Save error reporting for
240	 * after arg parsing.
241	 */
242	s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP);
243	sockerrno = errno;
244
245	setuid(getuid());
246	uid = getuid();
247
248	alarmtimeout = df = preload = tos = 0;
249
250	outpack = outpackhdr + sizeof(struct ip);
251	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
252		"Aac:DdfI:i:Ll:M:m:nop:QqRrS:s:T:t:vz:"
253#ifdef IPSEC
254#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
255		"P:"
256#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
257#endif /*IPSEC*/
258		)) != -1)
259	{
260		switch(ch) {
261		case 'A':
262			options |= F_MISSED;
263			break;
264		case 'a':
265			options |= F_AUDIBLE;
266			break;
267		case 'c':
268			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
269			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > LONG_MAX || !ultmp)
270				errx(EX_USAGE,
271				    "invalid count of packets to transmit: `%s'",
272				    optarg);
273			npackets = ultmp;
274			break;
275		case 'D':
276			options |= F_HDRINCL;
277			df = 1;
278			break;
279		case 'd':
280			options |= F_SO_DEBUG;
281			break;
282		case 'f':
283			if (uid) {
284				errno = EPERM;
285				err(EX_NOPERM, "-f flag");
286			}
287			options |= F_FLOOD;
288			setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL);
289			break;
290		case 'I':		/* multicast interface */
291			if (inet_aton(optarg, &ifaddr) == 0)
292				errx(EX_USAGE,
293				    "invalid multicast interface: `%s'",
294				    optarg);
295			options |= F_MIF;
296			break;
297		case 'i':		/* wait between sending packets */
298			t = strtod(optarg, &ep) * 1000.0;
299			if (*ep || ep == optarg || t > (double)INT_MAX)
300				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timing interval: `%s'",
301				    optarg);
302			options |= F_INTERVAL;
303			interval = (int)t;
304			if (uid && interval < 1000) {
305				errno = EPERM;
306				err(EX_NOPERM, "-i interval too short");
307			}
308			break;
309		case 'L':
310			options |= F_NOLOOP;
311			loop = 0;
312			break;
313		case 'l':
314			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
315			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > INT_MAX)
316				errx(EX_USAGE,
317				    "invalid preload value: `%s'", optarg);
318			if (uid) {
319				errno = EPERM;
320				err(EX_NOPERM, "-l flag");
321			}
322			preload = ultmp;
323			break;
324		case 'M':
325			switch(optarg[0]) {
326			case 'M':
327			case 'm':
328				options |= F_MASK;
329				break;
330			case 'T':
331			case 't':
332				options |= F_TIME;
333				break;
334			default:
335				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid message: `%c'", optarg[0]);
336				break;
337			}
338			break;
339		case 'm':		/* TTL */
340			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
341			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTTL)
342				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TTL: `%s'", optarg);
343			ttl = ultmp;
344			options |= F_TTL;
345			break;
346		case 'n':
347			options |= F_NUMERIC;
348			break;
349		case 'o':
350			options |= F_ONCE;
351			break;
352#ifdef IPSEC
353#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
354		case 'P':
355			options |= F_POLICY;
356			if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2))
357				policy_in = strdup(optarg);
358			else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3))
359				policy_out = strdup(optarg);
360			else
361				errx(1, "invalid security policy");
362			break;
363#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
364#endif /*IPSEC*/
365		case 'p':		/* fill buffer with user pattern */
366			options |= F_PINGFILLED;
367			payload = optarg;
368			break;
369		case 'Q':
370			options |= F_QUIET2;
371			break;
372		case 'q':
373			options |= F_QUIET;
374			break;
375		case 'R':
376			options |= F_RROUTE;
377			break;
378		case 'r':
379			options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE;
380			break;
381		case 'S':
382			source = optarg;
383			break;
384		case 's':		/* size of packet to send */
385			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
386			if (*ep || ep == optarg)
387				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'",
388				    optarg);
389			if (uid != 0 && ultmp > DEFDATALEN) {
390				errno = EPERM;
391				err(EX_NOPERM,
392				    "packet size too large: %lu > %u",
393				    ultmp, DEFDATALEN);
394			}
395			datalen = ultmp;
396			break;
397		case 'T':		/* multicast TTL */
398			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
399			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTTL)
400				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid multicast TTL: `%s'",
401				    optarg);
402			mttl = ultmp;
403			options |= F_MTTL;
404			break;
405		case 't':
406			alarmtimeout = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
407			if ((alarmtimeout < 1) || (alarmtimeout == ULONG_MAX))
408				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s'",
409				    optarg);
410			if (alarmtimeout > MAXALARM)
411				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s' > %d",
412				    optarg, MAXALARM);
413			alarm((int)alarmtimeout);
414			break;
415		case 'v':
416			options |= F_VERBOSE;
417			break;
418		case 'z':
419			options |= F_HDRINCL;
420			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
421			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTOS)
422				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TOS: `%s'", optarg);
423			tos = ultmp;
424			break;
425		default:
426			usage();
427		}
428	}
429
430	if (argc - optind != 1)
431		usage();
432	target = argv[optind];
433
434	switch (options & (F_MASK|F_TIME)) {
435	case 0: break;
436	case F_MASK:
437		icmp_type = ICMP_MASKREQ;
438		icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_MASKREPLY;
439		phdr_len = MASK_LEN;
440		if (!(options & F_QUIET))
441			(void)printf("ICMP_MASKREQ\n");
442		break;
443	case F_TIME:
444		icmp_type = ICMP_TSTAMP;
445		icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY;
446		phdr_len = TS_LEN;
447		if (!(options & F_QUIET))
448			(void)printf("ICMP_TSTAMP\n");
449		break;
450	default:
451		errx(EX_USAGE, "ICMP_TSTAMP and ICMP_MASKREQ are exclusive.");
452		break;
453	}
454	icmp_len = sizeof(struct ip) + ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len;
455	if (options & F_RROUTE)
456		icmp_len += MAX_IPOPTLEN;
457	maxpayload = IP_MAXPACKET - icmp_len;
458	if (datalen > maxpayload)
459		errx(EX_USAGE, "packet size too large: %d > %d", datalen,
460		    maxpayload);
461	send_len = icmp_len + datalen;
462	datap = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + TIMEVAL_LEN];
463	if (options & F_PINGFILLED) {
464		fill((char *)datap, payload);
465	}
466	if (source) {
467		bzero((char *)&sock_in, sizeof(sock_in));
468		sock_in.sin_family = AF_INET;
469		if (inet_aton(source, &sock_in.sin_addr) != 0) {
470			shostname = source;
471		} else {
472			hp = gethostbyname2(source, AF_INET);
473			if (!hp)
474				errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
475				    source, hstrerror(h_errno));
476
477			sock_in.sin_len = sizeof sock_in;
478			if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr) ||
479			    hp->h_length < 0)
480				errx(1, "gethostbyname2: illegal address");
481			memcpy(&sock_in.sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0],
482			    sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr));
483			(void)strncpy(snamebuf, hp->h_name,
484			    sizeof(snamebuf) - 1);
485			snamebuf[sizeof(snamebuf) - 1] = '\0';
486			shostname = snamebuf;
487		}
488		if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sock_in, sizeof sock_in) == -1)
489			err(1, "bind");
490	}
491
492	bzero(&whereto, sizeof(whereto));
493	to = &whereto;
494	to->sin_family = AF_INET;
495	to->sin_len = sizeof *to;
496	if (inet_aton(target, &to->sin_addr) != 0) {
497		hostname = target;
498	} else {
499		hp = gethostbyname2(target, AF_INET);
500		if (!hp)
501			errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
502			    target, hstrerror(h_errno));
503
504		if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(to->sin_addr))
505			errx(1, "gethostbyname2 returned an illegal address");
506		memcpy(&to->sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0], sizeof to->sin_addr);
507		(void)strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1);
508		hnamebuf[sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1] = '\0';
509		hostname = hnamebuf;
510	}
511
512	if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL)
513		errx(EX_USAGE, "-f and -i: incompatible options");
514
515	if (options & F_FLOOD && IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr)))
516		errx(EX_USAGE,
517		    "-f flag cannot be used with multicast destination");
518	if (options & (F_MIF | F_NOLOOP | F_MTTL)
519	    && !IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr)))
520		errx(EX_USAGE,
521		    "-I, -L, -T flags cannot be used with unicast destination");
522
523	if (datalen >= TIMEVAL_LEN)	/* can we time transfer */
524		timing = 1;
525
526	if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED))
527		for (i = TIMEVAL_LEN; i < datalen; ++i)
528			*datap++ = i;
529
530	ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF;
531
532	if (s < 0) {
533		errno = sockerrno;
534		err(EX_OSERR, "socket");
535	}
536	hold = 1;
537	if (options & F_SO_DEBUG)
538		(void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold,
539		    sizeof(hold));
540	if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE)
541		(void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold,
542		    sizeof(hold));
543#ifdef IPSEC
544#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
545	if (options & F_POLICY) {
546		char *buf;
547		if (policy_in != NULL) {
548			buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_in, strlen(policy_in));
549			if (buf == NULL)
550				errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
551			if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY,
552					buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0)
553				err(EX_CONFIG,
554				    "ipsec policy cannot be configured");
555			free(buf);
556		}
557
558		if (policy_out != NULL) {
559			buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_out, strlen(policy_out));
560			if (buf == NULL)
561				errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
562			if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY,
563					buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0)
564				err(EX_CONFIG,
565				    "ipsec policy cannot be configured");
566			free(buf);
567		}
568	}
569#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
570#endif /*IPSEC*/
571
572	if (options & F_HDRINCL) {
573		ip = (struct ip*)outpackhdr;
574		if (!(options & (F_TTL | F_MTTL))) {
575			mib[0] = CTL_NET;
576			mib[1] = PF_INET;
577			mib[2] = IPPROTO_IP;
578			mib[3] = IPCTL_DEFTTL;
579			sz = sizeof(ttl);
580			if (sysctl(mib, 4, &ttl, &sz, NULL, 0) == -1)
581				err(1, "sysctl(net.inet.ip.ttl)");
582		}
583		setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, &hold, sizeof(hold));
584		ip->ip_v = IPVERSION;
585		ip->ip_hl = sizeof(struct ip) >> 2;
586		ip->ip_tos = tos;
587		ip->ip_id = 0;
588		ip->ip_off = df ? IP_DF : 0;
589		ip->ip_ttl = ttl;
590		ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP;
591		ip->ip_src.s_addr = source ? sock_in.sin_addr.s_addr : INADDR_ANY;
592		ip->ip_dst = to->sin_addr;
593        }
594	/* record route option */
595	if (options & F_RROUTE) {
596#ifdef IP_OPTIONS
597		bzero(rspace, sizeof(rspace));
598		rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR;
599		rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace) - 1;
600		rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF;
601		rspace[sizeof(rspace) - 1] = IPOPT_EOL;
602		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace,
603		    sizeof(rspace)) < 0)
604			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_OPTIONS");
605#else
606		errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
607		    "record route not available in this implementation");
608#endif /* IP_OPTIONS */
609	}
610
611	if (options & F_TTL) {
612		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, &ttl,
613		    sizeof(ttl)) < 0) {
614			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_TTL");
615		}
616	}
617	if (options & F_NOLOOP) {
618		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, &loop,
619		    sizeof(loop)) < 0) {
620			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_LOOP");
621		}
622	}
623	if (options & F_MTTL) {
624		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, &mttl,
625		    sizeof(mttl)) < 0) {
626			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_TTL");
627		}
628	}
629	if (options & F_MIF) {
630		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, &ifaddr,
631		    sizeof(ifaddr)) < 0) {
632			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_IF");
633		}
634	}
635#ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
636	{ int on = 1;
637	if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_TIMESTAMP, &on, sizeof(on)) < 0)
638		err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt SO_TIMESTAMP");
639	}
640#endif
641
642	/*
643	 * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers.
644	 * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the
645	 * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for
646	 * /etc/ethers.  But beware: RFC 1122 allows hosts to ignore broadcast
647	 * or multicast pings if they wish.
648	 */
649
650	/*
651	 * XXX receive buffer needs undetermined space for mbuf overhead
652	 * as well.
653	 */
654	hold = IP_MAXPACKET + 128;
655	(void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold,
656	    sizeof(hold));
657	if (uid == 0)
658		(void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&hold,
659		    sizeof(hold));
660
661	if (to->sin_family == AF_INET) {
662		(void)printf("PING %s (%s)", hostname,
663		    inet_ntoa(to->sin_addr));
664		if (source)
665			(void)printf(" from %s", shostname);
666		(void)printf(": %d data bytes\n", datalen);
667	} else
668		(void)printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen);
669
670	/*
671	 * Use sigaction() instead of signal() to get unambiguous semantics,
672	 * in particular with SA_RESTART not set.
673	 */
674
675	sigemptyset(&si_sa.sa_mask);
676	si_sa.sa_flags = 0;
677
678	si_sa.sa_handler = stopit;
679	if (sigaction(SIGINT, &si_sa, 0) == -1) {
680		err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGINT");
681	}
682
683	si_sa.sa_handler = status;
684	if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, 0) == -1) {
685		err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction");
686	}
687
688        if (alarmtimeout > 0) {
689		si_sa.sa_handler = stopit;
690		if (sigaction(SIGALRM, &si_sa, 0) == -1)
691			err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGALRM");
692        }
693
694	bzero(&msg, sizeof(msg));
695	msg.msg_name = (caddr_t)&from;
696	msg.msg_iov = &iov;
697	msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
698#ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
699	msg.msg_control = (caddr_t)ctrl;
700#endif
701	iov.iov_base = packet;
702	iov.iov_len = IP_MAXPACKET;
703
704	if (preload == 0)
705		pinger();		/* send the first ping */
706	else {
707		if (npackets != 0 && preload > npackets)
708			preload = npackets;
709		while (preload--)	/* fire off them quickies */
710			pinger();
711	}
712	(void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL);
713
714	if (options & F_FLOOD) {
715		intvl.tv_sec = 0;
716		intvl.tv_usec = 10000;
717	} else {
718		intvl.tv_sec = interval / 1000;
719		intvl.tv_usec = interval % 1000 * 1000;
720	}
721
722	almost_done = 0;
723	while (!finish_up) {
724		struct timeval now, timeout;
725		fd_set rfds;
726		int cc, n;
727
728		check_status();
729		if ((unsigned)s >= FD_SETSIZE)
730			errx(EX_OSERR, "descriptor too large");
731		FD_ZERO(&rfds);
732		FD_SET(s, &rfds);
733		(void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
734		timeout.tv_sec = last.tv_sec + intvl.tv_sec - now.tv_sec;
735		timeout.tv_usec = last.tv_usec + intvl.tv_usec - now.tv_usec;
736		while (timeout.tv_usec < 0) {
737			timeout.tv_usec += 1000000;
738			timeout.tv_sec--;
739		}
740		while (timeout.tv_usec >= 1000000) {
741			timeout.tv_usec -= 1000000;
742			timeout.tv_sec++;
743		}
744		if (timeout.tv_sec < 0)
745			timeout.tv_sec = timeout.tv_usec = 0;
746		n = select(s + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout);
747		if (n < 0)
748			continue;	/* Must be EINTR. */
749		if (n == 1) {
750			struct timeval *tv = NULL;
751#ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
752			struct cmsghdr *cmsg = (struct cmsghdr *)&ctrl;
753
754			msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(ctrl);
755#endif
756			msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(from);
757			if ((cc = recvmsg(s, &msg, 0)) < 0) {
758				if (errno == EINTR)
759					continue;
760				warn("recvmsg");
761				continue;
762			}
763#ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
764			if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET &&
765			    cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_TIMESTAMP &&
766			    cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof *tv)) {
767				/* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */
768				memcpy(&now, CMSG_DATA(cmsg), sizeof(now));
769				tv = &now;
770			}
771#endif
772			if (tv == NULL) {
773				(void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
774				tv = &now;
775			}
776			pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from, tv);
777			if ((options & F_ONCE && nreceived) ||
778			    (npackets && nreceived >= npackets))
779				break;
780		}
781		if (n == 0 || options & F_FLOOD) {
782			if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets)
783				pinger();
784			else {
785				if (almost_done)
786					break;
787				almost_done = 1;
788				intvl.tv_usec = 0;
789				if (nreceived) {
790					intvl.tv_sec = 2 * tmax / 1000;
791					if (!intvl.tv_sec)
792						intvl.tv_sec = 1;
793				} else
794					intvl.tv_sec = MAXWAIT;
795			}
796			(void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL);
797			if (ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 > nmissedmax) {
798				nmissedmax = ntransmitted - nreceived - 1;
799				if (options & F_MISSED)
800					(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
801			}
802		}
803	}
804	finish();
805	/* NOTREACHED */
806	exit(0);	/* Make the compiler happy */
807}
808
809/*
810 * stopit --
811 *	Set the global bit that causes the main loop to quit.
812 * Do NOT call finish() from here, since finish() does far too much
813 * to be called from a signal handler.
814 */
815void
816stopit(sig)
817	int sig __unused;
818{
819
820	/*
821	 * When doing reverse DNS lookups, the finish_up flag might not
822	 * be noticed for a while.  Just exit if we get a second SIGINT.
823	 */
824	if (!(options & F_NUMERIC) && finish_up)
825		_exit(nreceived ? 0 : 2);
826	finish_up = 1;
827}
828
829/*
830 * pinger --
831 *	Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet.  The IP packet
832 * will be added on by the kernel.  The ID field is our UNIX process ID,
833 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer.  The first TIMEVAL_LEN
834 * bytes of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in
835 * host byte-order, to compute the round-trip time.
836 */
837static void
838pinger(void)
839{
840	struct timeval now;
841	struct ip *ip;
842	struct icmp *icp;
843	int cc, i;
844	u_char *packet;
845
846	packet = outpack;
847	icp = (struct icmp *)outpack;
848	icp->icmp_type = icmp_type;
849	icp->icmp_code = 0;
850	icp->icmp_cksum = 0;
851	icp->icmp_seq = htons(ntransmitted);
852	icp->icmp_id = ident;			/* ID */
853
854	CLR(ntransmitted % mx_dup_ck);
855
856	if ((options & F_TIME) || timing) {
857		(void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
858
859		if (options & F_TIME)
860			icp->icmp_otime = htonl((now.tv_sec % (24*60*60))
861				* 1000 + now.tv_usec / 1000);
862		if (timing)
863			bcopy((void *)&now,
864			    (void *)&outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len],
865			    sizeof(struct timeval));
866	}
867
868	cc = ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + datalen;
869
870	/* compute ICMP checksum here */
871	icp->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc);
872
873	if (options & F_HDRINCL) {
874		cc += sizeof(struct ip);
875		ip = (struct ip *)outpackhdr;
876		ip->ip_len = cc;
877		ip->ip_sum = in_cksum((u_short *)outpackhdr, cc);
878		packet = outpackhdr;
879	}
880	i = sendto(s, (char *)packet, cc, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&whereto,
881	    sizeof(whereto));
882
883	if (i < 0 || i != cc)  {
884		if (i < 0) {
885			if (options & F_FLOOD && errno == ENOBUFS) {
886				usleep(FLOOD_BACKOFF);
887				return;
888			}
889			warn("sendto");
890		} else {
891			warn("%s: partial write: %d of %d bytes",
892			     hostname, i, cc);
893		}
894	}
895	ntransmitted++;
896	if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_FLOOD)
897		(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT, 1);
898}
899
900/*
901 * pr_pack --
902 *	Print out the packet, if it came from us.  This logic is necessary
903 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets
904 * which arrive ('tis only fair).  This permits multiple copies of this
905 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!).
906 */
907static void
908pr_pack(buf, cc, from, tv)
909	char *buf;
910	int cc;
911	struct sockaddr_in *from;
912	struct timeval *tv;
913{
914	struct in_addr ina;
915	u_char *cp, *dp;
916	struct icmp *icp;
917	struct ip *ip;
918	const void *tp;
919	double triptime;
920	int dupflag, hlen, i, j, recv_len, seq;
921	static int old_rrlen;
922	static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN];
923
924	/* Check the IP header */
925	ip = (struct ip *)buf;
926	hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
927	recv_len = cc;
928	if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) {
929		if (options & F_VERBOSE)
930			warn("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s", cc,
931			     inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr));
932		return;
933	}
934
935	/* Now the ICMP part */
936	cc -= hlen;
937	icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen);
938	if (icp->icmp_type == icmp_type_rsp) {
939		if (icp->icmp_id != ident)
940			return;			/* 'Twas not our ECHO */
941		++nreceived;
942		triptime = 0.0;
943		if (timing) {
944			struct timeval tv1;
945#ifndef icmp_data
946			tp = &icp->icmp_ip;
947#else
948			tp = icp->icmp_data;
949#endif
950			tp += phdr_len;
951
952			if (cc - ICMP_MINLEN - phdr_len >= sizeof(tv1)) {
953				/* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */
954				memcpy(&tv1, tp, sizeof(tv1));
955				tvsub(tv, &tv1);
956 				triptime = ((double)tv->tv_sec) * 1000.0 +
957 				    ((double)tv->tv_usec) / 1000.0;
958				tsum += triptime;
959				tsumsq += triptime * triptime;
960				if (triptime < tmin)
961					tmin = triptime;
962				if (triptime > tmax)
963					tmax = triptime;
964			} else
965				timing = 0;
966		}
967
968		seq = ntohs(icp->icmp_seq);
969
970		if (TST(seq % mx_dup_ck)) {
971			++nrepeats;
972			--nreceived;
973			dupflag = 1;
974		} else {
975			SET(seq % mx_dup_ck);
976			dupflag = 0;
977		}
978
979		if (options & F_QUIET)
980			return;
981
982		if (options & F_FLOOD)
983			(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1);
984		else {
985			(void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc,
986			   inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr),
987			   seq);
988			(void)printf(" ttl=%d", ip->ip_ttl);
989			if (timing)
990				(void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime);
991			if (dupflag)
992				(void)printf(" (DUP!)");
993			if (options & F_AUDIBLE)
994				(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
995			if (options & F_MASK) {
996				/* Just prentend this cast isn't ugly */
997				(void)printf(" mask=%s",
998					pr_addr(*(struct in_addr *)&(icp->icmp_mask)));
999			}
1000			if (options & F_TIME) {
1001				(void)printf(" tso=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_otime));
1002				(void)printf(" tsr=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_rtime));
1003				(void)printf(" tst=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_ttime));
1004			}
1005			if (recv_len != send_len) {
1006                        	(void)printf(
1007				     "\nwrong total length %d instead of %d",
1008				     recv_len, send_len);
1009			}
1010			/* check the data */
1011			cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[phdr_len];
1012			dp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len];
1013			cc -= ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len;
1014			i = 0;
1015			if (timing) {   /* don't check variable timestamp */
1016				cp += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1017				dp += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1018				cc -= TIMEVAL_LEN;
1019				i += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1020			}
1021			for (; i < datalen && cc > 0; ++i, ++cp, ++dp, --cc) {
1022				if (*cp != *dp) {
1023	(void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x",
1024	    i, *dp, *cp);
1025					(void)printf("\ncp:");
1026					cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[0];
1027					for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
1028						if ((i % 16) == 8)
1029							(void)printf("\n\t");
1030						(void)printf("%2x ", *cp);
1031					}
1032					(void)printf("\ndp:");
1033					cp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN];
1034					for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
1035						if ((i % 16) == 8)
1036							(void)printf("\n\t");
1037						(void)printf("%2x ", *cp);
1038					}
1039					break;
1040				}
1041			}
1042		}
1043	} else {
1044		/*
1045		 * We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY.
1046		 * See if it's a reply to something that we sent.
1047		 * We can compare IP destination, protocol,
1048		 * and ICMP type and ID.
1049		 *
1050		 * Only print all the error messages if we are running
1051		 * as root to avoid leaking information not normally
1052		 * available to those not running as root.
1053		 */
1054#ifndef icmp_data
1055		struct ip *oip = &icp->icmp_ip;
1056#else
1057		struct ip *oip = (struct ip *)icp->icmp_data;
1058#endif
1059		struct icmp *oicmp = (struct icmp *)(oip + 1);
1060
1061		if (((options & F_VERBOSE) && uid == 0) ||
1062		    (!(options & F_QUIET2) &&
1063		     (oip->ip_dst.s_addr == whereto.sin_addr.s_addr) &&
1064		     (oip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) &&
1065		     (oicmp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) &&
1066		     (oicmp->icmp_id == ident))) {
1067		    (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc,
1068			pr_addr(from->sin_addr));
1069		    pr_icmph(icp);
1070		} else
1071		    return;
1072	}
1073
1074	/* Display any IP options */
1075	cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip);
1076
1077	for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp)
1078		switch (*cp) {
1079		case IPOPT_EOL:
1080			hlen = 0;
1081			break;
1082		case IPOPT_LSRR:
1083		case IPOPT_SSRR:
1084			(void)printf(*cp == IPOPT_LSRR ?
1085			    "\nLSRR: " : "\nSSRR: ");
1086			j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN] - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1;
1087			hlen -= 2;
1088			cp += 2;
1089			if (j >= INADDR_LEN &&
1090			    j <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) {
1091				for (;;) {
1092					bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN);
1093					if (ina.s_addr == 0)
1094						(void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
1095					else
1096						(void)printf("\t%s",
1097						     pr_addr(ina));
1098					hlen -= INADDR_LEN;
1099					cp += INADDR_LEN - 1;
1100					j -= INADDR_LEN;
1101					if (j < INADDR_LEN)
1102						break;
1103					(void)putchar('\n');
1104				}
1105			} else
1106				(void)printf("\t(truncated route)\n");
1107			break;
1108		case IPOPT_RR:
1109			j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN];		/* get length */
1110			i = cp[IPOPT_OFFSET];		/* and pointer */
1111			hlen -= 2;
1112			cp += 2;
1113			if (i > j)
1114				i = j;
1115			i = i - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1;
1116			if (i < 0 || i > (hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip))) {
1117				old_rrlen = 0;
1118				continue;
1119			}
1120			if (i == old_rrlen
1121			    && !bcmp((char *)cp, old_rr, i)
1122			    && !(options & F_FLOOD)) {
1123				(void)printf("\t(same route)");
1124				hlen -= i;
1125				cp += i;
1126				break;
1127			}
1128			old_rrlen = i;
1129			bcopy((char *)cp, old_rr, i);
1130			(void)printf("\nRR: ");
1131			if (i >= INADDR_LEN &&
1132			    i <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) {
1133				for (;;) {
1134					bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN);
1135					if (ina.s_addr == 0)
1136						(void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
1137					else
1138						(void)printf("\t%s",
1139						     pr_addr(ina));
1140					hlen -= INADDR_LEN;
1141					cp += INADDR_LEN - 1;
1142					i -= INADDR_LEN;
1143					if (i < INADDR_LEN)
1144						break;
1145					(void)putchar('\n');
1146				}
1147			} else
1148				(void)printf("\t(truncated route)");
1149			break;
1150		case IPOPT_NOP:
1151			(void)printf("\nNOP");
1152			break;
1153		default:
1154			(void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp);
1155			break;
1156		}
1157	if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) {
1158		(void)putchar('\n');
1159		(void)fflush(stdout);
1160	}
1161}
1162
1163/*
1164 * in_cksum --
1165 *	Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version)
1166 */
1167u_short
1168in_cksum(addr, len)
1169	u_short *addr;
1170	int len;
1171{
1172	int nleft, sum;
1173	u_short *w;
1174	union {
1175		u_short	us;
1176		u_char	uc[2];
1177	} last;
1178	u_short answer;
1179
1180	nleft = len;
1181	sum = 0;
1182	w = addr;
1183
1184	/*
1185	 * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add
1186	 * sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the
1187	 * carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits.
1188	 */
1189	while (nleft > 1)  {
1190		sum += *w++;
1191		nleft -= 2;
1192	}
1193
1194	/* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */
1195	if (nleft == 1) {
1196		last.uc[0] = *(u_char *)w;
1197		last.uc[1] = 0;
1198		sum += last.us;
1199	}
1200
1201	/* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */
1202	sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff);	/* add hi 16 to low 16 */
1203	sum += (sum >> 16);			/* add carry */
1204	answer = ~sum;				/* truncate to 16 bits */
1205	return(answer);
1206}
1207
1208/*
1209 * tvsub --
1210 *	Subtract 2 timeval structs:  out = out - in.  Out is assumed to
1211 * be >= in.
1212 */
1213static void
1214tvsub(out, in)
1215	struct timeval *out, *in;
1216{
1217
1218	if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) {
1219		--out->tv_sec;
1220		out->tv_usec += 1000000;
1221	}
1222	out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec;
1223}
1224
1225/*
1226 * status --
1227 *	Print out statistics when SIGINFO is received.
1228 */
1229
1230static void
1231status(sig)
1232	int sig __unused;
1233{
1234
1235	siginfo_p = 1;
1236}
1237
1238static void
1239check_status()
1240{
1241
1242	if (siginfo_p) {
1243		siginfo_p = 0;
1244		(void)fprintf(stderr, "\r%ld/%ld packets received (%.0f%%)",
1245		    nreceived, ntransmitted,
1246		    ntransmitted ? nreceived * 100.0 / ntransmitted : 0.0);
1247		if (nreceived && timing)
1248			(void)fprintf(stderr, " %.3f min / %.3f avg / %.3f max",
1249			    tmin, tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats), tmax);
1250		(void)fprintf(stderr, "\n");
1251	}
1252}
1253
1254/*
1255 * finish --
1256 *	Print out statistics, and give up.
1257 */
1258static void
1259finish()
1260{
1261
1262	(void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
1263	(void)signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
1264	(void)putchar('\n');
1265	(void)fflush(stdout);
1266	(void)printf("--- %s ping statistics ---\n", hostname);
1267	(void)printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted);
1268	(void)printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived);
1269	if (nrepeats)
1270		(void)printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats);
1271	if (ntransmitted) {
1272		if (nreceived > ntransmitted)
1273			(void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!");
1274		else
1275			(void)printf("%d%% packet loss",
1276			    (int)(((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100) /
1277			    ntransmitted));
1278	}
1279	(void)putchar('\n');
1280	if (nreceived && timing) {
1281		double n = nreceived + nrepeats;
1282		double avg = tsum / n;
1283		double vari = tsumsq / n - avg * avg;
1284		(void)printf(
1285		    "round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = %.3f/%.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n",
1286		    tmin, avg, tmax, sqrt(vari));
1287	}
1288
1289	if (nreceived)
1290		exit(0);
1291	else
1292		exit(2);
1293}
1294
1295#ifdef notdef
1296static char *ttab[] = {
1297	"Echo Reply",		/* ip + seq + udata */
1298	"Dest Unreachable",	/* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */
1299	"Source Quench",	/* IP */
1300	"Redirect",		/* redirect type, gateway, + IP  */
1301	"Echo",
1302	"Time Exceeded",	/* transit, frag reassem + IP */
1303	"Parameter Problem",	/* pointer + IP */
1304	"Timestamp",		/* id + seq + three timestamps */
1305	"Timestamp Reply",	/* " */
1306	"Info Request",		/* id + sq */
1307	"Info Reply"		/* " */
1308};
1309#endif
1310
1311/*
1312 * pr_icmph --
1313 *	Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header.
1314 */
1315static void
1316pr_icmph(icp)
1317	struct icmp *icp;
1318{
1319
1320	switch(icp->icmp_type) {
1321	case ICMP_ECHOREPLY:
1322		(void)printf("Echo Reply\n");
1323		/* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
1324		break;
1325	case ICMP_UNREACH:
1326		switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1327		case ICMP_UNREACH_NET:
1328			(void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n");
1329			break;
1330		case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST:
1331			(void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n");
1332			break;
1333		case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL:
1334			(void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n");
1335			break;
1336		case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT:
1337			(void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n");
1338			break;
1339		case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG:
1340			(void)printf("frag needed and DF set (MTU %d)\n",
1341					ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu));
1342			break;
1343		case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL:
1344			(void)printf("Source Route Failed\n");
1345			break;
1346		case ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB:
1347			(void)printf("Communication prohibited by filter\n");
1348			break;
1349		default:
1350			(void)printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n",
1351			    icp->icmp_code);
1352			break;
1353		}
1354		/* Print returned IP header information */
1355#ifndef icmp_data
1356		pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1357#else
1358		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1359#endif
1360		break;
1361	case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH:
1362		(void)printf("Source Quench\n");
1363#ifndef icmp_data
1364		pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1365#else
1366		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1367#endif
1368		break;
1369	case ICMP_REDIRECT:
1370		switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1371		case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET:
1372			(void)printf("Redirect Network");
1373			break;
1374		case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST:
1375			(void)printf("Redirect Host");
1376			break;
1377		case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET:
1378			(void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network");
1379			break;
1380		case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST:
1381			(void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host");
1382			break;
1383		default:
1384			(void)printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code);
1385			break;
1386		}
1387		(void)printf("(New addr: %s)\n", inet_ntoa(icp->icmp_gwaddr));
1388#ifndef icmp_data
1389		pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1390#else
1391		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1392#endif
1393		break;
1394	case ICMP_ECHO:
1395		(void)printf("Echo Request\n");
1396		/* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
1397		break;
1398	case ICMP_TIMXCEED:
1399		switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1400		case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS:
1401			(void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n");
1402			break;
1403		case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS:
1404			(void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n");
1405			break;
1406		default:
1407			(void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n",
1408			    icp->icmp_code);
1409			break;
1410		}
1411#ifndef icmp_data
1412		pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1413#else
1414		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1415#endif
1416		break;
1417	case ICMP_PARAMPROB:
1418		(void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x\n",
1419		    icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr);
1420#ifndef icmp_data
1421		pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1422#else
1423		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1424#endif
1425		break;
1426	case ICMP_TSTAMP:
1427		(void)printf("Timestamp\n");
1428		/* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
1429		break;
1430	case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY:
1431		(void)printf("Timestamp Reply\n");
1432		/* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
1433		break;
1434	case ICMP_IREQ:
1435		(void)printf("Information Request\n");
1436		/* XXX ID + Seq */
1437		break;
1438	case ICMP_IREQREPLY:
1439		(void)printf("Information Reply\n");
1440		/* XXX ID + Seq */
1441		break;
1442	case ICMP_MASKREQ:
1443		(void)printf("Address Mask Request\n");
1444		break;
1445	case ICMP_MASKREPLY:
1446		(void)printf("Address Mask Reply\n");
1447		break;
1448	case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT:
1449		(void)printf("Router Advertisement\n");
1450		break;
1451	case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT:
1452		(void)printf("Router Solicitation\n");
1453		break;
1454	default:
1455		(void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type);
1456	}
1457}
1458
1459/*
1460 * pr_iph --
1461 *	Print an IP header with options.
1462 */
1463static void
1464pr_iph(ip)
1465	struct ip *ip;
1466{
1467	u_char *cp;
1468	int hlen;
1469
1470	hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
1471	cp = (u_char *)ip + 20;		/* point to options */
1472
1473	(void)printf("Vr HL TOS  Len   ID Flg  off TTL Pro  cks      Src      Dst\n");
1474	(void)printf(" %1x  %1x  %02x %04x %04x",
1475	    ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ntohs(ip->ip_len),
1476	    ntohs(ip->ip_id));
1477	(void)printf("   %1lx %04lx",
1478	    (u_long) (ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13,
1479	    (u_long) ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff);
1480	(void)printf("  %02x  %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p,
1481							    ntohs(ip->ip_sum));
1482	(void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr));
1483	(void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr));
1484	/* dump any option bytes */
1485	while (hlen-- > 20) {
1486		(void)printf("%02x", *cp++);
1487	}
1488	(void)putchar('\n');
1489}
1490
1491/*
1492 * pr_addr --
1493 *	Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with
1494 * a hostname.
1495 */
1496static char *
1497pr_addr(ina)
1498	struct in_addr ina;
1499{
1500	struct hostent *hp;
1501	static char buf[16 + 3 + MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
1502
1503	if ((options & F_NUMERIC) ||
1504	    !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&ina, 4, AF_INET)))
1505		return inet_ntoa(ina);
1506	else
1507		(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name,
1508		    inet_ntoa(ina));
1509	return(buf);
1510}
1511
1512/*
1513 * pr_retip --
1514 *	Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet.
1515 */
1516static void
1517pr_retip(ip)
1518	struct ip *ip;
1519{
1520	u_char *cp;
1521	int hlen;
1522
1523	pr_iph(ip);
1524	hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
1525	cp = (u_char *)ip + hlen;
1526
1527	if (ip->ip_p == 6)
1528		(void)printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
1529		    (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
1530	else if (ip->ip_p == 17)
1531		(void)printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
1532			(*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
1533}
1534
1535static char *
1536pr_ntime (n_time timestamp)
1537{
1538	static char buf[10];
1539	int hour, min, sec;
1540
1541	sec = ntohl(timestamp) / 1000;
1542	hour = sec / 60 / 60;
1543	min = (sec % (60 * 60)) / 60;
1544	sec = (sec % (60 * 60)) % 60;
1545
1546	(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%02d:%02d:%02d", hour, min, sec);
1547
1548	return (buf);
1549}
1550
1551static void
1552fill(bp, patp)
1553	char *bp, *patp;
1554{
1555	char *cp;
1556	int pat[16];
1557	u_int ii, jj, kk;
1558
1559	for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++) {
1560		if (!isxdigit(*cp))
1561			errx(EX_USAGE,
1562			    "patterns must be specified as hex digits");
1563
1564	}
1565	ii = sscanf(patp,
1566	    "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x",
1567	    &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6],
1568	    &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12],
1569	    &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]);
1570
1571	if (ii > 0)
1572		for (kk = 0; kk <= maxpayload - (TIMEVAL_LEN + ii); kk += ii)
1573			for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
1574				bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj];
1575	if (!(options & F_QUIET)) {
1576		(void)printf("PATTERN: 0x");
1577		for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
1578			(void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF);
1579		(void)printf("\n");
1580	}
1581}
1582
1583#if defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC)
1584#define	SECOPT		" [-P policy]"
1585#else
1586#define	SECOPT		""
1587#endif
1588static void
1589usage()
1590{
1591
1592	(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
1593"usage: ping [-AaDdfnoQqRrv] [-c count] [-i wait] [-l preload] [-M mask | time]",
1594"            [-m ttl]" SECOPT " [-p pattern] [-S src_addr] [-s packetsize]",
1595"            [-t timeout] [-z tos] host",
1596"       ping [-AaDdfLnoQqRrv] [-c count] [-I iface] [-i wait] [-l preload]",
1597"            [-M mask | time] [-m ttl]" SECOPT " [-p pattern] [-S src_addr]",
1598"            [-s packetsize] [-T ttl] [-t timeout] [-z tos] mcast-group");
1599	exit(EX_USAGE);
1600}
1601