ping.c revision 128015 
1/*
2 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
3 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6 * Mike Muuss.
7 *
8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10 * are met:
11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
17 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
18 *	This product includes software developed by the University of
19 *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
20 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
21 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
22 *    without specific prior written permission.
23 *
24 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
25 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
26 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
27 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
28 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
29 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
30 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
31 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
32 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
33 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34 * SUCH DAMAGE.
35 */
36
37#if 0
38#ifndef lint
39static const char copyright[] =
40"@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
41	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
42#endif /* not lint */
43
44#ifndef lint
45static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ping.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93";
46#endif /* not lint */
47#endif
48#include <sys/cdefs.h>
49__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: head/sbin/ping/ping.c 128015 2004-04-07 18:48:11Z iedowse $");
50
51/*
52 *			P I N G . C
53 *
54 * Using the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility,
55 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths.
56 *
57 * Author -
58 *	Mike Muuss
59 *	U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory
60 *	December, 1983
61 *
62 * Status -
63 *	Public Domain.  Distribution Unlimited.
64 * Bugs -
65 *	More statistics could always be gathered.
66 *	This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket.
67 */
68
69#include <sys/param.h>		/* NB: we rely on this for <sys/types.h> */
70#include <sys/socket.h>
71#include <sys/sysctl.h>
72#include <sys/time.h>
73#include <sys/uio.h>
74
75#include <netinet/in.h>
76#include <netinet/in_systm.h>
77#include <netinet/ip.h>
78#include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
79#include <netinet/ip_var.h>
80#include <arpa/inet.h>
81
82#ifdef IPSEC
83#include <netinet6/ipsec.h>
84#endif /*IPSEC*/
85
86#include <ctype.h>
87#include <err.h>
88#include <errno.h>
89#include <math.h>
90#include <netdb.h>
91#include <signal.h>
92#include <stdio.h>
93#include <stdlib.h>
94#include <string.h>
95#include <sysexits.h>
96#include <unistd.h>
97
98#define	INADDR_LEN	((int)sizeof(in_addr_t))
99#define	TIMEVAL_LEN	((int)sizeof(struct timeval))
100#define	MASK_LEN	(ICMP_MASKLEN - ICMP_MINLEN)
101#define	TS_LEN		(ICMP_TSLEN - ICMP_MINLEN)
102#define	DEFDATALEN	56		/* default data length */
103#define	FLOOD_BACKOFF	20000		/* usecs to back off if F_FLOOD mode */
104					/* runs out of buffer space */
105#define	MAXIPLEN	(sizeof(struct ip) + MAX_IPOPTLEN)
106#define	MAXICMPLEN	(ICMP_ADVLENMIN + MAX_IPOPTLEN)
107#define	MAXWAIT		10		/* max seconds to wait for response */
108#define	MAXALARM	(60 * 60)	/* max seconds for alarm timeout */
109#define	MAXTOS		255
110
111#define	A(bit)		rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3]	/* identify byte in array */
112#define	B(bit)		(1 << ((bit) & 0x07))	/* identify bit in byte */
113#define	SET(bit)	(A(bit) |= B(bit))
114#define	CLR(bit)	(A(bit) &= (~B(bit)))
115#define	TST(bit)	(A(bit) & B(bit))
116
117/* various options */
118int options;
119#define	F_FLOOD		0x0001
120#define	F_INTERVAL	0x0002
121#define	F_NUMERIC	0x0004
122#define	F_PINGFILLED	0x0008
123#define	F_QUIET		0x0010
124#define	F_RROUTE	0x0020
125#define	F_SO_DEBUG	0x0040
126#define	F_SO_DONTROUTE	0x0080
127#define	F_VERBOSE	0x0100
128#define	F_QUIET2	0x0200
129#define	F_NOLOOP	0x0400
130#define	F_MTTL		0x0800
131#define	F_MIF		0x1000
132#define	F_AUDIBLE	0x2000
133#ifdef IPSEC
134#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
135#define F_POLICY	0x4000
136#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
137#endif /*IPSEC*/
138#define	F_TTL		0x8000
139#define	F_MISSED	0x10000
140#define	F_ONCE		0x20000
141#define	F_HDRINCL	0x40000
142#define	F_MASK		0x80000
143#define	F_TIME		0x100000
144
145/*
146 * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum
147 * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of.  Change 128
148 * to 8192 for complete accuracy...
149 */
150#define	MAX_DUP_CHK	(8 * 128)
151int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK;
152char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8];
153
154struct sockaddr_in whereto;	/* who to ping */
155int datalen = DEFDATALEN;
156int maxpayload;
157int s;				/* socket file descriptor */
158u_char outpackhdr[IP_MAXPACKET], *outpack;
159char BBELL = '\a';		/* characters written for MISSED and AUDIBLE */
160char BSPACE = '\b';		/* characters written for flood */
161char DOT = '.';
162char *hostname;
163char *shostname;
164int ident;			/* process id to identify our packets */
165int uid;			/* cached uid for micro-optimization */
166u_char icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO;
167u_char icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_ECHOREPLY;
168int phdr_len = 0;
169int send_len;
170
171/* counters */
172long nmissedmax;		/* max value of ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 */
173long npackets;			/* max packets to transmit */
174long nreceived;			/* # of packets we got back */
175long nrepeats;			/* number of duplicates */
176long ntransmitted;		/* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */
177int interval = 1000;		/* interval between packets, ms */
178
179/* timing */
180int timing;			/* flag to do timing */
181double tmin = 999999999.0;	/* minimum round trip time */
182double tmax = 0.0;		/* maximum round trip time */
183double tsum = 0.0;		/* sum of all times, for doing average */
184double tsumsq = 0.0;		/* sum of all times squared, for std. dev. */
185
186volatile sig_atomic_t finish_up;  /* nonzero if we've been told to finish up */
187volatile sig_atomic_t siginfo_p;
188
189static void fill(char *, char *);
190static u_short in_cksum(u_short *, int);
191static void check_status(void);
192static void finish(void) __dead2;
193static void pinger(void);
194static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr);
195static char *pr_ntime(n_time);
196static void pr_icmph(struct icmp *);
197static void pr_iph(struct ip *);
198static void pr_pack(char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *, struct timeval *);
199static void pr_retip(struct ip *);
200static void status(int);
201static void stopit(int);
202static void tvsub(struct timeval *, struct timeval *);
203static void usage(void) __dead2;
204
205int
206main(argc, argv)
207	int argc;
208	char *const *argv;
209{
210	struct sockaddr_in from, sock_in;
211	struct in_addr ifaddr;
212	struct timeval last, intvl;
213	struct iovec iov;
214	struct ip *ip;
215	struct msghdr msg;
216	struct sigaction si_sa;
217	size_t sz;
218	u_char *datap, packet[IP_MAXPACKET];
219	char *ep, *source, *target, *payload;
220	struct hostent *hp;
221#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
222	char *policy_in, *policy_out;
223#endif
224	struct sockaddr_in *to;
225	double t;
226	u_long alarmtimeout, ultmp;
227	int almost_done, ch, df, hold, i, icmp_len, mib[4], preload, sockerrno,
228	    tos, ttl;
229	char ctrl[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct timeval))];
230	char hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], snamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
231#ifdef IP_OPTIONS
232	char rspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN];	/* record route space */
233#endif
234	unsigned char loop, mttl;
235
236	payload = source = NULL;
237#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
238	policy_in = policy_out = NULL;
239#endif
240
241	/*
242	 * Do the stuff that we need root priv's for *first*, and
243	 * then drop our setuid bit.  Save error reporting for
244	 * after arg parsing.
245	 */
246	s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP);
247	sockerrno = errno;
248
249	setuid(getuid());
250	uid = getuid();
251
252	alarmtimeout = df = preload = tos = 0;
253
254	outpack = outpackhdr + sizeof(struct ip);
255	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
256		"Aac:DdfI:i:Ll:M:m:nop:QqRrS:s:T:t:vz:"
257#ifdef IPSEC
258#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
259		"P:"
260#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
261#endif /*IPSEC*/
262		)) != -1)
263	{
264		switch(ch) {
265		case 'A':
266			options |= F_MISSED;
267			break;
268		case 'a':
269			options |= F_AUDIBLE;
270			break;
271		case 'c':
272			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
273			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > LONG_MAX || !ultmp)
274				errx(EX_USAGE,
275				    "invalid count of packets to transmit: `%s'",
276				    optarg);
277			npackets = ultmp;
278			break;
279		case 'D':
280			options |= F_HDRINCL;
281			df = 1;
282			break;
283		case 'd':
284			options |= F_SO_DEBUG;
285			break;
286		case 'f':
287			if (uid) {
288				errno = EPERM;
289				err(EX_NOPERM, "-f flag");
290			}
291			options |= F_FLOOD;
292			setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL);
293			break;
294		case 'I':		/* multicast interface */
295			if (inet_aton(optarg, &ifaddr) == 0)
296				errx(EX_USAGE,
297				    "invalid multicast interface: `%s'",
298				    optarg);
299			options |= F_MIF;
300			break;
301		case 'i':		/* wait between sending packets */
302			t = strtod(optarg, &ep) * 1000.0;
303			if (*ep || ep == optarg || t > (double)INT_MAX)
304				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timing interval: `%s'",
305				    optarg);
306			options |= F_INTERVAL;
307			interval = (int)t;
308			if (uid && interval < 1000) {
309				errno = EPERM;
310				err(EX_NOPERM, "-i interval too short");
311			}
312			break;
313		case 'L':
314			options |= F_NOLOOP;
315			loop = 0;
316			break;
317		case 'l':
318			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
319			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > INT_MAX)
320				errx(EX_USAGE,
321				    "invalid preload value: `%s'", optarg);
322			if (uid) {
323				errno = EPERM;
324				err(EX_NOPERM, "-l flag");
325			}
326			preload = ultmp;
327			break;
328		case 'M':
329			switch(optarg[0]) {
330			case 'M':
331			case 'm':
332				options |= F_MASK;
333				break;
334			case 'T':
335			case 't':
336				options |= F_TIME;
337				break;
338			default:
339				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid message: `%c'", optarg[0]);
340				break;
341			}
342			break;
343		case 'm':		/* TTL */
344			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
345			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTTL)
346				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TTL: `%s'", optarg);
347			ttl = ultmp;
348			options |= F_TTL;
349			break;
350		case 'n':
351			options |= F_NUMERIC;
352			break;
353		case 'o':
354			options |= F_ONCE;
355			break;
356#ifdef IPSEC
357#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
358		case 'P':
359			options |= F_POLICY;
360			if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2))
361				policy_in = strdup(optarg);
362			else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3))
363				policy_out = strdup(optarg);
364			else
365				errx(1, "invalid security policy");
366			break;
367#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
368#endif /*IPSEC*/
369		case 'p':		/* fill buffer with user pattern */
370			options |= F_PINGFILLED;
371			payload = optarg;
372			break;
373		case 'Q':
374			options |= F_QUIET2;
375			break;
376		case 'q':
377			options |= F_QUIET;
378			break;
379		case 'R':
380			options |= F_RROUTE;
381			break;
382		case 'r':
383			options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE;
384			break;
385		case 'S':
386			source = optarg;
387			break;
388		case 's':		/* size of packet to send */
389			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
390			if (*ep || ep == optarg)
391				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'",
392				    optarg);
393			if (uid != 0 && ultmp > DEFDATALEN) {
394				errno = EPERM;
395				err(EX_NOPERM,
396				    "packet size too large: %lu > %u",
397				    ultmp, DEFDATALEN);
398			}
399			datalen = ultmp;
400			break;
401		case 'T':		/* multicast TTL */
402			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
403			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTTL)
404				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid multicast TTL: `%s'",
405				    optarg);
406			mttl = ultmp;
407			options |= F_MTTL;
408			break;
409		case 't':
410			alarmtimeout = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
411			if ((alarmtimeout < 1) || (alarmtimeout == ULONG_MAX))
412				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s'",
413				    optarg);
414			if (alarmtimeout > MAXALARM)
415				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s' > %d",
416				    optarg, MAXALARM);
417			alarm((int)alarmtimeout);
418			break;
419		case 'v':
420			options |= F_VERBOSE;
421			break;
422		case 'z':
423			options |= F_HDRINCL;
424			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
425			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTOS)
426				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TOS: `%s'", optarg);
427			tos = ultmp;
428			break;
429		default:
430			usage();
431		}
432	}
433
434	if (argc - optind != 1)
435		usage();
436	target = argv[optind];
437
438	switch (options & (F_MASK|F_TIME)) {
439	case 0: break;
440	case F_MASK:
441		icmp_type = ICMP_MASKREQ;
442		icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_MASKREPLY;
443		phdr_len = MASK_LEN;
444		if (!(options & F_QUIET))
445			(void)printf("ICMP_MASKREQ\n");
446		break;
447	case F_TIME:
448		icmp_type = ICMP_TSTAMP;
449		icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY;
450		phdr_len = TS_LEN;
451		if (!(options & F_QUIET))
452			(void)printf("ICMP_TSTAMP\n");
453		break;
454	default:
455		errx(EX_USAGE, "ICMP_TSTAMP and ICMP_MASKREQ are exclusive.");
456		break;
457	}
458	icmp_len = sizeof(struct ip) + ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len;
459	if (options & F_RROUTE)
460		icmp_len += MAX_IPOPTLEN;
461	maxpayload = IP_MAXPACKET - icmp_len;
462	if (datalen > maxpayload)
463		errx(EX_USAGE, "packet size too large: %d > %d", datalen,
464		    maxpayload);
465	send_len = icmp_len + datalen;
466	datap = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + TIMEVAL_LEN];
467	if (options & F_PINGFILLED) {
468		fill((char *)datap, payload);
469	}
470	if (source) {
471		bzero((char *)&sock_in, sizeof(sock_in));
472		sock_in.sin_family = AF_INET;
473		if (inet_aton(source, &sock_in.sin_addr) != 0) {
474			shostname = source;
475		} else {
476			hp = gethostbyname2(source, AF_INET);
477			if (!hp)
478				errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
479				    source, hstrerror(h_errno));
480
481			sock_in.sin_len = sizeof sock_in;
482			if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr) ||
483			    hp->h_length < 0)
484				errx(1, "gethostbyname2: illegal address");
485			memcpy(&sock_in.sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0],
486			    sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr));
487			(void)strncpy(snamebuf, hp->h_name,
488			    sizeof(snamebuf) - 1);
489			snamebuf[sizeof(snamebuf) - 1] = '\0';
490			shostname = snamebuf;
491		}
492		if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sock_in, sizeof sock_in) == -1)
493			err(1, "bind");
494	}
495
496	bzero(&whereto, sizeof(whereto));
497	to = &whereto;
498	to->sin_family = AF_INET;
499	to->sin_len = sizeof *to;
500	if (inet_aton(target, &to->sin_addr) != 0) {
501		hostname = target;
502	} else {
503		hp = gethostbyname2(target, AF_INET);
504		if (!hp)
505			errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
506			    target, hstrerror(h_errno));
507
508		if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(to->sin_addr))
509			errx(1, "gethostbyname2 returned an illegal address");
510		memcpy(&to->sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0], sizeof to->sin_addr);
511		(void)strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1);
512		hnamebuf[sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1] = '\0';
513		hostname = hnamebuf;
514	}
515
516	if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL)
517		errx(EX_USAGE, "-f and -i: incompatible options");
518
519	if (options & F_FLOOD && IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr)))
520		errx(EX_USAGE,
521		    "-f flag cannot be used with multicast destination");
522	if (options & (F_MIF | F_NOLOOP | F_MTTL)
523	    && !IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr)))
524		errx(EX_USAGE,
525		    "-I, -L, -T flags cannot be used with unicast destination");
526
527	if (datalen >= TIMEVAL_LEN)	/* can we time transfer */
528		timing = 1;
529
530	if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED))
531		for (i = TIMEVAL_LEN; i < datalen; ++i)
532			*datap++ = i;
533
534	ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF;
535
536	if (s < 0) {
537		errno = sockerrno;
538		err(EX_OSERR, "socket");
539	}
540	hold = 1;
541	if (options & F_SO_DEBUG)
542		(void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold,
543		    sizeof(hold));
544	if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE)
545		(void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold,
546		    sizeof(hold));
547#ifdef IPSEC
548#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
549	if (options & F_POLICY) {
550		char *buf;
551		if (policy_in != NULL) {
552			buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_in, strlen(policy_in));
553			if (buf == NULL)
554				errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
555			if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY,
556					buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0)
557				err(EX_CONFIG,
558				    "ipsec policy cannot be configured");
559			free(buf);
560		}
561
562		if (policy_out != NULL) {
563			buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_out, strlen(policy_out));
564			if (buf == NULL)
565				errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
566			if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY,
567					buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0)
568				err(EX_CONFIG,
569				    "ipsec policy cannot be configured");
570			free(buf);
571		}
572	}
573#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
574#endif /*IPSEC*/
575
576	if (options & F_HDRINCL) {
577		ip = (struct ip*)outpackhdr;
578		if (!(options & (F_TTL | F_MTTL))) {
579			mib[0] = CTL_NET;
580			mib[1] = PF_INET;
581			mib[2] = IPPROTO_IP;
582			mib[3] = IPCTL_DEFTTL;
583			sz = sizeof(ttl);
584			if (sysctl(mib, 4, &ttl, &sz, NULL, 0) == -1)
585				err(1, "sysctl(net.inet.ip.ttl)");
586		}
587		setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, &hold, sizeof(hold));
588		ip->ip_v = IPVERSION;
589		ip->ip_hl = sizeof(struct ip) >> 2;
590		ip->ip_tos = tos;
591		ip->ip_id = 0;
592		ip->ip_off = df ? IP_DF : 0;
593		ip->ip_ttl = ttl;
594		ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP;
595		ip->ip_src.s_addr = source ? sock_in.sin_addr.s_addr : INADDR_ANY;
596		ip->ip_dst = to->sin_addr;
597        }
598	/* record route option */
599	if (options & F_RROUTE) {
600#ifdef IP_OPTIONS
601		bzero(rspace, sizeof(rspace));
602		rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR;
603		rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace) - 1;
604		rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF;
605		rspace[sizeof(rspace) - 1] = IPOPT_EOL;
606		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace,
607		    sizeof(rspace)) < 0)
608			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_OPTIONS");
609#else
610		errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
611		    "record route not available in this implementation");
612#endif /* IP_OPTIONS */
613	}
614
615	if (options & F_TTL) {
616		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, &ttl,
617		    sizeof(ttl)) < 0) {
618			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_TTL");
619		}
620	}
621	if (options & F_NOLOOP) {
622		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, &loop,
623		    sizeof(loop)) < 0) {
624			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_LOOP");
625		}
626	}
627	if (options & F_MTTL) {
628		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, &mttl,
629		    sizeof(mttl)) < 0) {
630			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_TTL");
631		}
632	}
633	if (options & F_MIF) {
634		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, &ifaddr,
635		    sizeof(ifaddr)) < 0) {
636			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_IF");
637		}
638	}
639#ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
640	{ int on = 1;
641	if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_TIMESTAMP, &on, sizeof(on)) < 0)
642		err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt SO_TIMESTAMP");
643	}
644#endif
645
646	/*
647	 * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers.
648	 * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the
649	 * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for
650	 * /etc/ethers.  But beware: RFC 1122 allows hosts to ignore broadcast
651	 * or multicast pings if they wish.
652	 */
653
654	/*
655	 * XXX receive buffer needs undetermined space for mbuf overhead
656	 * as well.
657	 */
658	hold = IP_MAXPACKET + 128;
659	(void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold,
660	    sizeof(hold));
661	if (uid == 0)
662		(void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&hold,
663		    sizeof(hold));
664
665	if (to->sin_family == AF_INET) {
666		(void)printf("PING %s (%s)", hostname,
667		    inet_ntoa(to->sin_addr));
668		if (source)
669			(void)printf(" from %s", shostname);
670		(void)printf(": %d data bytes\n", datalen);
671	} else
672		(void)printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen);
673
674	/*
675	 * Use sigaction() instead of signal() to get unambiguous semantics,
676	 * in particular with SA_RESTART not set.
677	 */
678
679	sigemptyset(&si_sa.sa_mask);
680	si_sa.sa_flags = 0;
681
682	si_sa.sa_handler = stopit;
683	if (sigaction(SIGINT, &si_sa, 0) == -1) {
684		err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGINT");
685	}
686
687	si_sa.sa_handler = status;
688	if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, 0) == -1) {
689		err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction");
690	}
691
692        if (alarmtimeout > 0) {
693		si_sa.sa_handler = stopit;
694		if (sigaction(SIGALRM, &si_sa, 0) == -1)
695			err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGALRM");
696        }
697
698	bzero(&msg, sizeof(msg));
699	msg.msg_name = (caddr_t)&from;
700	msg.msg_iov = &iov;
701	msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
702#ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
703	msg.msg_control = (caddr_t)ctrl;
704#endif
705	iov.iov_base = packet;
706	iov.iov_len = IP_MAXPACKET;
707
708	if (preload == 0)
709		pinger();		/* send the first ping */
710	else {
711		if (npackets != 0 && preload > npackets)
712			preload = npackets;
713		while (preload--)	/* fire off them quickies */
714			pinger();
715	}
716	(void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL);
717
718	if (options & F_FLOOD) {
719		intvl.tv_sec = 0;
720		intvl.tv_usec = 10000;
721	} else {
722		intvl.tv_sec = interval / 1000;
723		intvl.tv_usec = interval % 1000 * 1000;
724	}
725
726	almost_done = 0;
727	while (!finish_up) {
728		struct timeval now, timeout;
729		fd_set rfds;
730		int cc, n;
731
732		check_status();
733		if ((unsigned)s >= FD_SETSIZE)
734			errx(EX_OSERR, "descriptor too large");
735		FD_ZERO(&rfds);
736		FD_SET(s, &rfds);
737		(void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
738		timeout.tv_sec = last.tv_sec + intvl.tv_sec - now.tv_sec;
739		timeout.tv_usec = last.tv_usec + intvl.tv_usec - now.tv_usec;
740		while (timeout.tv_usec < 0) {
741			timeout.tv_usec += 1000000;
742			timeout.tv_sec--;
743		}
744		while (timeout.tv_usec >= 1000000) {
745			timeout.tv_usec -= 1000000;
746			timeout.tv_sec++;
747		}
748		if (timeout.tv_sec < 0)
749			timeout.tv_sec = timeout.tv_usec = 0;
750		n = select(s + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout);
751		if (n < 0)
752			continue;	/* Must be EINTR. */
753		if (n == 1) {
754			struct timeval *tv = NULL;
755#ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
756			struct cmsghdr *cmsg = (struct cmsghdr *)&ctrl;
757
758			msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(ctrl);
759#endif
760			msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(from);
761			if ((cc = recvmsg(s, &msg, 0)) < 0) {
762				if (errno == EINTR)
763					continue;
764				warn("recvmsg");
765				continue;
766			}
767#ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
768			if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET &&
769			    cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_TIMESTAMP &&
770			    cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof *tv)) {
771				/* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */
772				memcpy(&now, CMSG_DATA(cmsg), sizeof(now));
773				tv = &now;
774			}
775#endif
776			if (tv == NULL) {
777				(void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
778				tv = &now;
779			}
780			pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from, tv);
781			if ((options & F_ONCE && nreceived) ||
782			    (npackets && nreceived >= npackets))
783				break;
784		}
785		if (n == 0 || options & F_FLOOD) {
786			if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets)
787				pinger();
788			else {
789				if (almost_done)
790					break;
791				almost_done = 1;
792				intvl.tv_usec = 0;
793				if (nreceived) {
794					intvl.tv_sec = 2 * tmax / 1000;
795					if (!intvl.tv_sec)
796						intvl.tv_sec = 1;
797				} else
798					intvl.tv_sec = MAXWAIT;
799			}
800			(void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL);
801			if (ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 > nmissedmax) {
802				nmissedmax = ntransmitted - nreceived - 1;
803				if (options & F_MISSED)
804					(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
805			}
806		}
807	}
808	finish();
809	/* NOTREACHED */
810	exit(0);	/* Make the compiler happy */
811}
812
813/*
814 * stopit --
815 *	Set the global bit that causes the main loop to quit.
816 * Do NOT call finish() from here, since finish() does far too much
817 * to be called from a signal handler.
818 */
819void
820stopit(sig)
821	int sig __unused;
822{
823
824	/*
825	 * When doing reverse DNS lookups, the finish_up flag might not
826	 * be noticed for a while.  Just exit if we get a second SIGINT.
827	 */
828	if (!(options & F_NUMERIC) && finish_up)
829		_exit(nreceived ? 0 : 2);
830	finish_up = 1;
831}
832
833/*
834 * pinger --
835 *	Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet.  The IP packet
836 * will be added on by the kernel.  The ID field is our UNIX process ID,
837 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer.  The first TIMEVAL_LEN
838 * bytes of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in
839 * host byte-order, to compute the round-trip time.
840 */
841static void
842pinger(void)
843{
844	struct timeval now;
845	struct ip *ip;
846	struct icmp *icp;
847	int cc, i;
848	u_char *packet;
849
850	packet = outpack;
851	icp = (struct icmp *)outpack;
852	icp->icmp_type = icmp_type;
853	icp->icmp_code = 0;
854	icp->icmp_cksum = 0;
855	icp->icmp_seq = htons(ntransmitted);
856	icp->icmp_id = ident;			/* ID */
857
858	CLR(ntransmitted % mx_dup_ck);
859
860	if ((options & F_TIME) || timing) {
861		(void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
862
863		if (options & F_TIME)
864			icp->icmp_otime = htonl((now.tv_sec % (24*60*60))
865				* 1000 + now.tv_usec / 1000);
866		if (timing)
867			bcopy((void *)&now,
868			    (void *)&outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len],
869			    sizeof(struct timeval));
870	}
871
872	cc = ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + datalen;
873
874	/* compute ICMP checksum here */
875	icp->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc);
876
877	if (options & F_HDRINCL) {
878		cc += sizeof(struct ip);
879		ip = (struct ip *)outpackhdr;
880		ip->ip_len = cc;
881		ip->ip_sum = in_cksum((u_short *)outpackhdr, cc);
882		packet = outpackhdr;
883	}
884	i = sendto(s, (char *)packet, cc, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&whereto,
885	    sizeof(whereto));
886
887	if (i < 0 || i != cc)  {
888		if (i < 0) {
889			if (options & F_FLOOD && errno == ENOBUFS) {
890				usleep(FLOOD_BACKOFF);
891				return;
892			}
893			warn("sendto");
894		} else {
895			warn("%s: partial write: %d of %d bytes",
896			     hostname, i, cc);
897		}
898	}
899	ntransmitted++;
900	if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_FLOOD)
901		(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT, 1);
902}
903
904/*
905 * pr_pack --
906 *	Print out the packet, if it came from us.  This logic is necessary
907 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets
908 * which arrive ('tis only fair).  This permits multiple copies of this
909 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!).
910 */
911static void
912pr_pack(buf, cc, from, tv)
913	char *buf;
914	int cc;
915	struct sockaddr_in *from;
916	struct timeval *tv;
917{
918	struct in_addr ina;
919	u_char *cp, *dp;
920	struct icmp *icp;
921	struct ip *ip;
922	const void *tp;
923	double triptime;
924	int dupflag, hlen, i, j, recv_len, seq;
925	static int old_rrlen;
926	static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN];
927
928	/* Check the IP header */
929	ip = (struct ip *)buf;
930	hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
931	recv_len = cc;
932	if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) {
933		if (options & F_VERBOSE)
934			warn("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s", cc,
935			     inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr));
936		return;
937	}
938
939	/* Now the ICMP part */
940	cc -= hlen;
941	icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen);
942	if (icp->icmp_type == icmp_type_rsp) {
943		if (icp->icmp_id != ident)
944			return;			/* 'Twas not our ECHO */
945		++nreceived;
946		triptime = 0.0;
947		if (timing) {
948			struct timeval tv1;
949#ifndef icmp_data
950			tp = &icp->icmp_ip;
951#else
952			tp = icp->icmp_data;
953#endif
954			tp += phdr_len;
955
956			if (cc - ICMP_MINLEN - phdr_len >= sizeof(tv1)) {
957				/* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */
958				memcpy(&tv1, tp, sizeof(tv1));
959				tvsub(tv, &tv1);
960 				triptime = ((double)tv->tv_sec) * 1000.0 +
961 				    ((double)tv->tv_usec) / 1000.0;
962				tsum += triptime;
963				tsumsq += triptime * triptime;
964				if (triptime < tmin)
965					tmin = triptime;
966				if (triptime > tmax)
967					tmax = triptime;
968			} else
969				timing = 0;
970		}
971
972		seq = ntohs(icp->icmp_seq);
973
974		if (TST(seq % mx_dup_ck)) {
975			++nrepeats;
976			--nreceived;
977			dupflag = 1;
978		} else {
979			SET(seq % mx_dup_ck);
980			dupflag = 0;
981		}
982
983		if (options & F_QUIET)
984			return;
985
986		if (options & F_FLOOD)
987			(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1);
988		else {
989			(void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc,
990			   inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr),
991			   seq);
992			(void)printf(" ttl=%d", ip->ip_ttl);
993			if (timing)
994				(void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime);
995			if (dupflag)
996				(void)printf(" (DUP!)");
997			if (options & F_AUDIBLE)
998				(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
999			if (options & F_MASK) {
1000				/* Just prentend this cast isn't ugly */
1001				(void)printf(" mask=%s",
1002					pr_addr(*(struct in_addr *)&(icp->icmp_mask)));
1003			}
1004			if (options & F_TIME) {
1005				(void)printf(" tso=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_otime));
1006				(void)printf(" tsr=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_rtime));
1007				(void)printf(" tst=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_ttime));
1008			}
1009			if (recv_len != send_len) {
1010                        	(void)printf(
1011				     "\nwrong total length %d instead of %d",
1012				     recv_len, send_len);
1013			}
1014			/* check the data */
1015			cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[phdr_len];
1016			dp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len];
1017			cc -= ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len;
1018			i = 0;
1019			if (timing) {   /* don't check variable timestamp */
1020				cp += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1021				dp += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1022				cc -= TIMEVAL_LEN;
1023				i += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1024			}
1025			for (; i < datalen && cc > 0; ++i, ++cp, ++dp, --cc) {
1026				if (*cp != *dp) {
1027	(void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x",
1028	    i, *dp, *cp);
1029					(void)printf("\ncp:");
1030					cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[0];
1031					for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
1032						if ((i % 16) == 8)
1033							(void)printf("\n\t");
1034						(void)printf("%2x ", *cp);
1035					}
1036					(void)printf("\ndp:");
1037					cp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN];
1038					for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
1039						if ((i % 16) == 8)
1040							(void)printf("\n\t");
1041						(void)printf("%2x ", *cp);
1042					}
1043					break;
1044				}
1045			}
1046		}
1047	} else {
1048		/*
1049		 * We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY.
1050		 * See if it's a reply to something that we sent.
1051		 * We can compare IP destination, protocol,
1052		 * and ICMP type and ID.
1053		 *
1054		 * Only print all the error messages if we are running
1055		 * as root to avoid leaking information not normally
1056		 * available to those not running as root.
1057		 */
1058#ifndef icmp_data
1059		struct ip *oip = &icp->icmp_ip;
1060#else
1061		struct ip *oip = (struct ip *)icp->icmp_data;
1062#endif
1063		struct icmp *oicmp = (struct icmp *)(oip + 1);
1064
1065		if (((options & F_VERBOSE) && uid == 0) ||
1066		    (!(options & F_QUIET2) &&
1067		     (oip->ip_dst.s_addr == whereto.sin_addr.s_addr) &&
1068		     (oip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) &&
1069		     (oicmp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) &&
1070		     (oicmp->icmp_id == ident))) {
1071		    (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc,
1072			pr_addr(from->sin_addr));
1073		    pr_icmph(icp);
1074		} else
1075		    return;
1076	}
1077
1078	/* Display any IP options */
1079	cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip);
1080
1081	for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp)
1082		switch (*cp) {
1083		case IPOPT_EOL:
1084			hlen = 0;
1085			break;
1086		case IPOPT_LSRR:
1087		case IPOPT_SSRR:
1088			(void)printf(*cp == IPOPT_LSRR ?
1089			    "\nLSRR: " : "\nSSRR: ");
1090			j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN] - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1;
1091			hlen -= 2;
1092			cp += 2;
1093			if (j >= INADDR_LEN &&
1094			    j <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) {
1095				for (;;) {
1096					bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN);
1097					if (ina.s_addr == 0)
1098						(void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
1099					else
1100						(void)printf("\t%s",
1101						     pr_addr(ina));
1102					hlen -= INADDR_LEN;
1103					cp += INADDR_LEN - 1;
1104					j -= INADDR_LEN;
1105					if (j < INADDR_LEN)
1106						break;
1107					(void)putchar('\n');
1108				}
1109			} else
1110				(void)printf("\t(truncated route)\n");
1111			break;
1112		case IPOPT_RR:
1113			j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN];		/* get length */
1114			i = cp[IPOPT_OFFSET];		/* and pointer */
1115			hlen -= 2;
1116			cp += 2;
1117			if (i > j)
1118				i = j;
1119			i = i - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1;
1120			if (i < 0 || i > (hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip))) {
1121				old_rrlen = 0;
1122				continue;
1123			}
1124			if (i == old_rrlen
1125			    && !bcmp((char *)cp, old_rr, i)
1126			    && !(options & F_FLOOD)) {
1127				(void)printf("\t(same route)");
1128				hlen -= i;
1129				cp += i;
1130				break;
1131			}
1132			old_rrlen = i;
1133			bcopy((char *)cp, old_rr, i);
1134			(void)printf("\nRR: ");
1135			if (i >= INADDR_LEN &&
1136			    i <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) {
1137				for (;;) {
1138					bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN);
1139					if (ina.s_addr == 0)
1140						(void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
1141					else
1142						(void)printf("\t%s",
1143						     pr_addr(ina));
1144					hlen -= INADDR_LEN;
1145					cp += INADDR_LEN - 1;
1146					i -= INADDR_LEN;
1147					if (i < INADDR_LEN)
1148						break;
1149					(void)putchar('\n');
1150				}
1151			} else
1152				(void)printf("\t(truncated route)");
1153			break;
1154		case IPOPT_NOP:
1155			(void)printf("\nNOP");
1156			break;
1157		default:
1158			(void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp);
1159			break;
1160		}
1161	if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) {
1162		(void)putchar('\n');
1163		(void)fflush(stdout);
1164	}
1165}
1166
1167/*
1168 * in_cksum --
1169 *	Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version)
1170 */
1171u_short
1172in_cksum(addr, len)
1173	u_short *addr;
1174	int len;
1175{
1176	int nleft, sum;
1177	u_short *w;
1178	union {
1179		u_short	us;
1180		u_char	uc[2];
1181	} last;
1182	u_short answer;
1183
1184	nleft = len;
1185	sum = 0;
1186	w = addr;
1187
1188	/*
1189	 * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add
1190	 * sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the
1191	 * carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits.
1192	 */
1193	while (nleft > 1)  {
1194		sum += *w++;
1195		nleft -= 2;
1196	}
1197
1198	/* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */
1199	if (nleft == 1) {
1200		last.uc[0] = *(u_char *)w;
1201		last.uc[1] = 0;
1202		sum += last.us;
1203	}
1204
1205	/* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */
1206	sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff);	/* add hi 16 to low 16 */
1207	sum += (sum >> 16);			/* add carry */
1208	answer = ~sum;				/* truncate to 16 bits */
1209	return(answer);
1210}
1211
1212/*
1213 * tvsub --
1214 *	Subtract 2 timeval structs:  out = out - in.  Out is assumed to
1215 * be >= in.
1216 */
1217static void
1218tvsub(out, in)
1219	struct timeval *out, *in;
1220{
1221
1222	if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) {
1223		--out->tv_sec;
1224		out->tv_usec += 1000000;
1225	}
1226	out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec;
1227}
1228
1229/*
1230 * status --
1231 *	Print out statistics when SIGINFO is received.
1232 */
1233
1234static void
1235status(sig)
1236	int sig __unused;
1237{
1238
1239	siginfo_p = 1;
1240}
1241
1242static void
1243check_status()
1244{
1245
1246	if (siginfo_p) {
1247		siginfo_p = 0;
1248		(void)fprintf(stderr, "\r%ld/%ld packets received (%.0f%%)",
1249		    nreceived, ntransmitted,
1250		    ntransmitted ? nreceived * 100.0 / ntransmitted : 0.0);
1251		if (nreceived && timing)
1252			(void)fprintf(stderr, " %.3f min / %.3f avg / %.3f max",
1253			    tmin, tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats), tmax);
1254		(void)fprintf(stderr, "\n");
1255	}
1256}
1257
1258/*
1259 * finish --
1260 *	Print out statistics, and give up.
1261 */
1262static void
1263finish()
1264{
1265
1266	(void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
1267	(void)signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
1268	(void)putchar('\n');
1269	(void)fflush(stdout);
1270	(void)printf("--- %s ping statistics ---\n", hostname);
1271	(void)printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted);
1272	(void)printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived);
1273	if (nrepeats)
1274		(void)printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats);
1275	if (ntransmitted) {
1276		if (nreceived > ntransmitted)
1277			(void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!");
1278		else
1279			(void)printf("%d%% packet loss",
1280			    (int)(((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100) /
1281			    ntransmitted));
1282	}
1283	(void)putchar('\n');
1284	if (nreceived && timing) {
1285		double n = nreceived + nrepeats;
1286		double avg = tsum / n;
1287		double vari = tsumsq / n - avg * avg;
1288		(void)printf(
1289		    "round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = %.3f/%.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n",
1290		    tmin, avg, tmax, sqrt(vari));
1291	}
1292
1293	if (nreceived)
1294		exit(0);
1295	else
1296		exit(2);
1297}
1298
1299#ifdef notdef
1300static char *ttab[] = {
1301	"Echo Reply",		/* ip + seq + udata */
1302	"Dest Unreachable",	/* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */
1303	"Source Quench",	/* IP */
1304	"Redirect",		/* redirect type, gateway, + IP  */
1305	"Echo",
1306	"Time Exceeded",	/* transit, frag reassem + IP */
1307	"Parameter Problem",	/* pointer + IP */
1308	"Timestamp",		/* id + seq + three timestamps */
1309	"Timestamp Reply",	/* " */
1310	"Info Request",		/* id + sq */
1311	"Info Reply"		/* " */
1312};
1313#endif
1314
1315/*
1316 * pr_icmph --
1317 *	Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header.
1318 */
1319static void
1320pr_icmph(icp)
1321	struct icmp *icp;
1322{
1323
1324	switch(icp->icmp_type) {
1325	case ICMP_ECHOREPLY:
1326		(void)printf("Echo Reply\n");
1327		/* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
1328		break;
1329	case ICMP_UNREACH:
1330		switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1331		case ICMP_UNREACH_NET:
1332			(void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n");
1333			break;
1334		case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST:
1335			(void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n");
1336			break;
1337		case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL:
1338			(void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n");
1339			break;
1340		case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT:
1341			(void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n");
1342			break;
1343		case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG:
1344			(void)printf("frag needed and DF set (MTU %d)\n",
1345					ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu));
1346			break;
1347		case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL:
1348			(void)printf("Source Route Failed\n");
1349			break;
1350		case ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB:
1351			(void)printf("Communication prohibited by filter\n");
1352			break;
1353		default:
1354			(void)printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n",
1355			    icp->icmp_code);
1356			break;
1357		}
1358		/* Print returned IP header information */
1359#ifndef icmp_data
1360		pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1361#else
1362		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1363#endif
1364		break;
1365	case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH:
1366		(void)printf("Source Quench\n");
1367#ifndef icmp_data
1368		pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1369#else
1370		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1371#endif
1372		break;
1373	case ICMP_REDIRECT:
1374		switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1375		case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET:
1376			(void)printf("Redirect Network");
1377			break;
1378		case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST:
1379			(void)printf("Redirect Host");
1380			break;
1381		case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET:
1382			(void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network");
1383			break;
1384		case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST:
1385			(void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host");
1386			break;
1387		default:
1388			(void)printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code);
1389			break;
1390		}
1391		(void)printf("(New addr: %s)\n", inet_ntoa(icp->icmp_gwaddr));
1392#ifndef icmp_data
1393		pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1394#else
1395		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1396#endif
1397		break;
1398	case ICMP_ECHO:
1399		(void)printf("Echo Request\n");
1400		/* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
1401		break;
1402	case ICMP_TIMXCEED:
1403		switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1404		case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS:
1405			(void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n");
1406			break;
1407		case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS:
1408			(void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n");
1409			break;
1410		default:
1411			(void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n",
1412			    icp->icmp_code);
1413			break;
1414		}
1415#ifndef icmp_data
1416		pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1417#else
1418		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1419#endif
1420		break;
1421	case ICMP_PARAMPROB:
1422		(void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x\n",
1423		    icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr);
1424#ifndef icmp_data
1425		pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1426#else
1427		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1428#endif
1429		break;
1430	case ICMP_TSTAMP:
1431		(void)printf("Timestamp\n");
1432		/* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
1433		break;
1434	case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY:
1435		(void)printf("Timestamp Reply\n");
1436		/* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
1437		break;
1438	case ICMP_IREQ:
1439		(void)printf("Information Request\n");
1440		/* XXX ID + Seq */
1441		break;
1442	case ICMP_IREQREPLY:
1443		(void)printf("Information Reply\n");
1444		/* XXX ID + Seq */
1445		break;
1446	case ICMP_MASKREQ:
1447		(void)printf("Address Mask Request\n");
1448		break;
1449	case ICMP_MASKREPLY:
1450		(void)printf("Address Mask Reply\n");
1451		break;
1452	case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT:
1453		(void)printf("Router Advertisement\n");
1454		break;
1455	case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT:
1456		(void)printf("Router Solicitation\n");
1457		break;
1458	default:
1459		(void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type);
1460	}
1461}
1462
1463/*
1464 * pr_iph --
1465 *	Print an IP header with options.
1466 */
1467static void
1468pr_iph(ip)
1469	struct ip *ip;
1470{
1471	u_char *cp;
1472	int hlen;
1473
1474	hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
1475	cp = (u_char *)ip + 20;		/* point to options */
1476
1477	(void)printf("Vr HL TOS  Len   ID Flg  off TTL Pro  cks      Src      Dst\n");
1478	(void)printf(" %1x  %1x  %02x %04x %04x",
1479	    ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ntohs(ip->ip_len),
1480	    ntohs(ip->ip_id));
1481	(void)printf("   %1lx %04lx",
1482	    (u_long) (ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13,
1483	    (u_long) ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff);
1484	(void)printf("  %02x  %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p,
1485							    ntohs(ip->ip_sum));
1486	(void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr));
1487	(void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr));
1488	/* dump any option bytes */
1489	while (hlen-- > 20) {
1490		(void)printf("%02x", *cp++);
1491	}
1492	(void)putchar('\n');
1493}
1494
1495/*
1496 * pr_addr --
1497 *	Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with
1498 * a hostname.
1499 */
1500static char *
1501pr_addr(ina)
1502	struct in_addr ina;
1503{
1504	struct hostent *hp;
1505	static char buf[16 + 3 + MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
1506
1507	if ((options & F_NUMERIC) ||
1508	    !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&ina, 4, AF_INET)))
1509		return inet_ntoa(ina);
1510	else
1511		(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name,
1512		    inet_ntoa(ina));
1513	return(buf);
1514}
1515
1516/*
1517 * pr_retip --
1518 *	Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet.
1519 */
1520static void
1521pr_retip(ip)
1522	struct ip *ip;
1523{
1524	u_char *cp;
1525	int hlen;
1526
1527	pr_iph(ip);
1528	hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
1529	cp = (u_char *)ip + hlen;
1530
1531	if (ip->ip_p == 6)
1532		(void)printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
1533		    (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
1534	else if (ip->ip_p == 17)
1535		(void)printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
1536			(*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
1537}
1538
1539static char *
1540pr_ntime (n_time timestamp)
1541{
1542	static char buf[10];
1543	int hour, min, sec;
1544
1545	sec = ntohl(timestamp) / 1000;
1546	hour = sec / 60 / 60;
1547	min = (sec % (60 * 60)) / 60;
1548	sec = (sec % (60 * 60)) % 60;
1549
1550	(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%02d:%02d:%02d", hour, min, sec);
1551
1552	return (buf);
1553}
1554
1555static void
1556fill(bp, patp)
1557	char *bp, *patp;
1558{
1559	char *cp;
1560	int pat[16];
1561	u_int ii, jj, kk;
1562
1563	for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++) {
1564		if (!isxdigit(*cp))
1565			errx(EX_USAGE,
1566			    "patterns must be specified as hex digits");
1567
1568	}
1569	ii = sscanf(patp,
1570	    "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x",
1571	    &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6],
1572	    &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12],
1573	    &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]);
1574
1575	if (ii > 0)
1576		for (kk = 0; kk <= maxpayload - (TIMEVAL_LEN + ii); kk += ii)
1577			for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
1578				bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj];
1579	if (!(options & F_QUIET)) {
1580		(void)printf("PATTERN: 0x");
1581		for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
1582			(void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF);
1583		(void)printf("\n");
1584	}
1585}
1586
1587#if defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC)
1588#define	SECOPT		" [-P policy]"
1589#else
1590#define	SECOPT		""
1591#endif
1592static void
1593usage()
1594{
1595
1596	(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
1597"usage: ping [-AaDdfnoQqRrv] [-c count] [-i wait] [-l preload] [-M mask | time]",
1598"            [-m ttl]" SECOPT " [-p pattern] [-S src_addr] [-s packetsize]",
1599"            [-t timeout] [-z tos] host",
1600"       ping [-AaDdfLnoQqRrv] [-c count] [-I iface] [-i wait] [-l preload]",
1601"            [-M mask | time] [-m ttl]" SECOPT " [-p pattern] [-S src_addr]",
1602"            [-s packetsize] [-T ttl] [-t timeout] [-z tos] mcast-group");
1603	exit(EX_USAGE);
1604}
1605