ping.c revision 117548 
1/*
2 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
3 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6 * Mike Muuss.
7 *
8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10 * are met:
11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
17 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
18 *	This product includes software developed by the University of
19 *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
20 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
21 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
22 *    without specific prior written permission.
23 *
24 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
25 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
26 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
27 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
28 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
29 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
30 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
31 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
32 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
33 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34 * SUCH DAMAGE.
35 */
36
37#if 0
38#ifndef lint
39static const char copyright[] =
40"@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
41	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
42#endif /* not lint */
43
44#ifndef lint
45static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ping.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93";
46#endif /* not lint */
47#endif
48#include <sys/cdefs.h>
49__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: head/sbin/ping/ping.c 117548 2003-07-14 12:37:03Z maxim $");
50
51/*
52 *			P I N G . C
53 *
54 * Using the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility,
55 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths.
56 *
57 * Author -
58 *	Mike Muuss
59 *	U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory
60 *	December, 1983
61 *
62 * Status -
63 *	Public Domain.  Distribution Unlimited.
64 * Bugs -
65 *	More statistics could always be gathered.
66 *	This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket.
67 */
68
69#include <sys/param.h>		/* NB: we rely on this for <sys/types.h> */
70#include <sys/socket.h>
71#include <sys/sysctl.h>
72#include <sys/time.h>
73#include <sys/uio.h>
74
75#include <netinet/in.h>
76#include <netinet/in_systm.h>
77#include <netinet/ip.h>
78#include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
79#include <netinet/ip_var.h>
80#include <arpa/inet.h>
81
82#ifdef IPSEC
83#include <netinet6/ipsec.h>
84#endif /*IPSEC*/
85
86#include <ctype.h>
87#include <err.h>
88#include <errno.h>
89#include <math.h>
90#include <netdb.h>
91#include <signal.h>
92#include <stdio.h>
93#include <stdlib.h>
94#include <string.h>
95#include <sysexits.h>
96#include <termios.h>
97#include <unistd.h>
98
99#define	INADDR_LEN	((int)sizeof(in_addr_t))
100#define	TIMEVAL_LEN	((int)sizeof(struct timeval))
101#define	MASK_LEN	(ICMP_MASKLEN - ICMP_MINLEN)
102#define	TS_LEN		(ICMP_TSLEN - ICMP_MINLEN)
103#define	DEFDATALEN	56		/* default data length */
104#define	FLOOD_BACKOFF	20000		/* usecs to back off if F_FLOOD mode */
105					/* runs out of buffer space */
106#define	MAXIPLEN	(sizeof(struct ip) + MAX_IPOPTLEN)
107#define	MAXICMPLEN	(ICMP_ADVLENMIN + MAX_IPOPTLEN)
108#define	MINICMPLEN	ICMP_MINLEN
109#define	MAXWAIT		10		/* max seconds to wait for response */
110#define	MAXALARM	(60 * 60)	/* max seconds for alarm timeout */
111#define	MAXTOS		255
112
113#define	A(bit)		rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3]	/* identify byte in array */
114#define	B(bit)		(1 << ((bit) & 0x07))	/* identify bit in byte */
115#define	SET(bit)	(A(bit) |= B(bit))
116#define	CLR(bit)	(A(bit) &= (~B(bit)))
117#define	TST(bit)	(A(bit) & B(bit))
118
119/* various options */
120int options;
121#define	F_FLOOD		0x0001
122#define	F_INTERVAL	0x0002
123#define	F_NUMERIC	0x0004
124#define	F_PINGFILLED	0x0008
125#define	F_QUIET		0x0010
126#define	F_RROUTE	0x0020
127#define	F_SO_DEBUG	0x0040
128#define	F_SO_DONTROUTE	0x0080
129#define	F_VERBOSE	0x0100
130#define	F_QUIET2	0x0200
131#define	F_NOLOOP	0x0400
132#define	F_MTTL		0x0800
133#define	F_MIF		0x1000
134#define	F_AUDIBLE	0x2000
135#ifdef IPSEC
136#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
137#define F_POLICY	0x4000
138#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
139#endif /*IPSEC*/
140#define	F_TTL		0x8000
141#define	F_MISSED	0x10000
142#define	F_ONCE		0x20000
143#define	F_HDRINCL	0x40000
144#define	F_MASK		0x80000
145#define	F_TIME		0x100000
146
147/*
148 * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum
149 * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of.  Change 128
150 * to 8192 for complete accuracy...
151 */
152#define	MAX_DUP_CHK	(8 * 128)
153int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK;
154char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8];
155
156struct sockaddr_in whereto;	/* who to ping */
157int datalen = DEFDATALEN;
158int maxpayload;
159int s;				/* socket file descriptor */
160u_char outpackhdr[IP_MAXPACKET], *outpack;
161char BBELL = '\a';		/* characters written for MISSED and AUDIBLE */
162char BSPACE = '\b';		/* characters written for flood */
163char DOT = '.';
164char *hostname;
165char *shostname;
166int ident;			/* process id to identify our packets */
167int uid;			/* cached uid for micro-optimization */
168u_char icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO;
169u_char icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_ECHOREPLY;
170int phdr_len = 0;
171int send_len;
172
173/* counters */
174long nmissedmax;		/* max value of ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 */
175long npackets;			/* max packets to transmit */
176long nreceived;			/* # of packets we got back */
177long nrepeats;			/* number of duplicates */
178long ntransmitted;		/* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */
179int interval = 1000;		/* interval between packets, ms */
180
181/* timing */
182int timing;			/* flag to do timing */
183double tmin = 999999999.0;	/* minimum round trip time */
184double tmax = 0.0;		/* maximum round trip time */
185double tsum = 0.0;		/* sum of all times, for doing average */
186double tsumsq = 0.0;		/* sum of all times squared, for std. dev. */
187
188volatile sig_atomic_t finish_up;  /* nonzero if we've been told to finish up */
189int reset_kerninfo;
190volatile sig_atomic_t siginfo_p;
191
192static void fill(char *, char *);
193static u_short in_cksum(u_short *, int);
194static void check_status(void);
195static void finish(void) __dead2;
196static void pinger(void);
197static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr);
198static char *pr_ntime(n_time);
199static void pr_icmph(struct icmp *);
200static void pr_iph(struct ip *);
201static void pr_pack(char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *, struct timeval *);
202static void pr_retip(struct ip *);
203static void status(int);
204static void stopit(int);
205static void tvsub(struct timeval *, struct timeval *);
206static void usage(void) __dead2;
207
208int
209main(argc, argv)
210	int argc;
211	char *const *argv;
212{
213	struct sockaddr_in from, sock_in;
214	struct in_addr ifaddr;
215	struct timeval last, intvl;
216	struct iovec iov;
217	struct ip *ip;
218	struct msghdr msg;
219	struct sigaction si_sa;
220	struct termios ts;
221	size_t sz;
222	u_char *datap, packet[IP_MAXPACKET];
223	char *ep, *source, *target, *payload;
224	struct hostent *hp;
225#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
226	char *policy_in, *policy_out;
227#endif
228	struct sockaddr_in *to;
229	double t;
230	u_long alarmtimeout, ultmp;
231	int almost_done, ch, df, hold, i, icmp_len, mib[4], preload, sockerrno,
232	    tos, ttl;
233	char ctrl[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct timeval))];
234	char hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], snamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
235#ifdef IP_OPTIONS
236	char rspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN];	/* record route space */
237#endif
238	unsigned char loop, mttl;
239
240	payload = source = NULL;
241#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
242	policy_in = policy_out = NULL;
243#endif
244
245	/*
246	 * Do the stuff that we need root priv's for *first*, and
247	 * then drop our setuid bit.  Save error reporting for
248	 * after arg parsing.
249	 */
250	s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP);
251	sockerrno = errno;
252
253	setuid(getuid());
254	uid = getuid();
255
256	alarmtimeout = df = preload = tos = 0;
257
258	outpack = outpackhdr + sizeof(struct ip);
259	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
260		"Aac:DdfI:i:Ll:M:m:nop:QqRrS:s:T:t:vz:"
261#ifdef IPSEC
262#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
263		"P:"
264#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
265#endif /*IPSEC*/
266		)) != -1)
267	{
268		switch(ch) {
269		case 'A':
270			options |= F_MISSED;
271			break;
272		case 'a':
273			options |= F_AUDIBLE;
274			break;
275		case 'c':
276			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
277			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > LONG_MAX || !ultmp)
278				errx(EX_USAGE,
279				    "invalid count of packets to transmit: `%s'",
280				    optarg);
281			npackets = ultmp;
282			break;
283		case 'D':
284			options |= F_HDRINCL;
285			df = 1;
286			break;
287		case 'd':
288			options |= F_SO_DEBUG;
289			break;
290		case 'f':
291			if (uid) {
292				errno = EPERM;
293				err(EX_NOPERM, "-f flag");
294			}
295			options |= F_FLOOD;
296			setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL);
297			break;
298		case 'I':		/* multicast interface */
299			if (inet_aton(optarg, &ifaddr) == 0)
300				errx(EX_USAGE,
301				    "invalid multicast interface: `%s'",
302				    optarg);
303			options |= F_MIF;
304			break;
305		case 'i':		/* wait between sending packets */
306			t = strtod(optarg, &ep) * 1000.0;
307			if (*ep || ep == optarg || t > (double)INT_MAX)
308				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timing interval: `%s'",
309				    optarg);
310			options |= F_INTERVAL;
311			interval = (int)t;
312			if (uid && interval < 1000) {
313				errno = EPERM;
314				err(EX_NOPERM, "-i interval too short");
315			}
316			break;
317		case 'L':
318			options |= F_NOLOOP;
319			loop = 0;
320			break;
321		case 'l':
322			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
323			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > INT_MAX)
324				errx(EX_USAGE,
325				    "invalid preload value: `%s'", optarg);
326			if (uid) {
327				errno = EPERM;
328				err(EX_NOPERM, "-l flag");
329			}
330			preload = ultmp;
331			break;
332		case 'M':
333			switch(optarg[0]) {
334			case 'M':
335			case 'm':
336				options |= F_MASK;
337				break;
338			case 'T':
339			case 't':
340				options |= F_TIME;
341				break;
342			default:
343				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid message: `%c'", optarg[0]);
344				break;
345			}
346			break;
347		case 'm':		/* TTL */
348			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
349			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTTL)
350				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TTL: `%s'", optarg);
351			ttl = ultmp;
352			options |= F_TTL;
353			break;
354		case 'n':
355			options |= F_NUMERIC;
356			break;
357		case 'o':
358			options |= F_ONCE;
359			break;
360#ifdef IPSEC
361#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
362		case 'P':
363			options |= F_POLICY;
364			if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2))
365				policy_in = strdup(optarg);
366			else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3))
367				policy_out = strdup(optarg);
368			else
369				errx(1, "invalid security policy");
370			break;
371#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
372#endif /*IPSEC*/
373		case 'p':		/* fill buffer with user pattern */
374			options |= F_PINGFILLED;
375			payload = optarg;
376			break;
377		case 'Q':
378			options |= F_QUIET2;
379			break;
380		case 'q':
381			options |= F_QUIET;
382			break;
383		case 'R':
384			options |= F_RROUTE;
385			break;
386		case 'r':
387			options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE;
388			break;
389		case 'S':
390			source = optarg;
391			break;
392		case 's':		/* size of packet to send */
393			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
394			if (*ep || ep == optarg)
395				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'",
396				    optarg);
397			if (uid != 0 && ultmp > DEFDATALEN) {
398				errno = EPERM;
399				err(EX_NOPERM,
400				    "packet size too large: %lu > %u",
401				    ultmp, DEFDATALEN);
402			}
403			datalen = ultmp;
404			break;
405		case 'T':		/* multicast TTL */
406			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
407			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTTL)
408				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid multicast TTL: `%s'",
409				    optarg);
410			mttl = ultmp;
411			options |= F_MTTL;
412			break;
413		case 't':
414			alarmtimeout = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
415			if ((alarmtimeout < 1) || (alarmtimeout == ULONG_MAX))
416				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s'",
417				    optarg);
418			if (alarmtimeout > MAXALARM)
419				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s' > %d",
420				    optarg, MAXALARM);
421			alarm((int)alarmtimeout);
422			break;
423		case 'v':
424			options |= F_VERBOSE;
425			break;
426		case 'z':
427			options |= F_HDRINCL;
428			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
429			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTOS)
430				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TOS: `%s'", optarg);
431			tos = ultmp;
432			break;
433		default:
434			usage();
435		}
436	}
437
438	if (argc - optind != 1)
439		usage();
440	target = argv[optind];
441
442	switch (options & (F_MASK|F_TIME)) {
443	case 0: break;
444	case F_MASK:
445		icmp_type = ICMP_MASKREQ;
446		icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_MASKREPLY;
447		phdr_len = MASK_LEN;
448		if (!(options & F_QUIET))
449			(void)printf("ICMP_MASKREQ\n");
450		break;
451	case F_TIME:
452		icmp_type = ICMP_TSTAMP;
453		icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY;
454		phdr_len = TS_LEN;
455		if (!(options & F_QUIET))
456			(void)printf("ICMP_TSTAMP\n");
457		break;
458	default:
459		errx(EX_USAGE, "ICMP_TSTAMP and ICMP_MASKREQ are exclusive.");
460		break;
461	}
462	icmp_len = sizeof(struct ip) + MINICMPLEN + phdr_len;
463	if (options & F_RROUTE)
464		icmp_len += MAX_IPOPTLEN;
465	maxpayload = IP_MAXPACKET - icmp_len;
466	if (datalen > maxpayload)
467		errx(EX_USAGE, "packet size too large: %d > %d", datalen,
468		    maxpayload);
469	send_len = icmp_len + datalen;
470	datap = &outpack[MINICMPLEN + phdr_len + TIMEVAL_LEN];
471	if (options & F_PINGFILLED) {
472		fill((char *)datap, payload);
473	}
474	if (source) {
475		bzero((char *)&sock_in, sizeof(sock_in));
476		sock_in.sin_family = AF_INET;
477		if (inet_aton(source, &sock_in.sin_addr) != 0) {
478			shostname = source;
479		} else {
480			hp = gethostbyname2(source, AF_INET);
481			if (!hp)
482				errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
483				    source, hstrerror(h_errno));
484
485			sock_in.sin_len = sizeof sock_in;
486			if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr) ||
487			    hp->h_length < 0)
488				errx(1, "gethostbyname2: illegal address");
489			memcpy(&sock_in.sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0],
490			    sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr));
491			(void)strncpy(snamebuf, hp->h_name,
492			    sizeof(snamebuf) - 1);
493			snamebuf[sizeof(snamebuf) - 1] = '\0';
494			shostname = snamebuf;
495		}
496		if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sock_in, sizeof sock_in) == -1)
497			err(1, "bind");
498	}
499
500	bzero(&whereto, sizeof(whereto));
501	to = &whereto;
502	to->sin_family = AF_INET;
503	to->sin_len = sizeof *to;
504	if (inet_aton(target, &to->sin_addr) != 0) {
505		hostname = target;
506	} else {
507		hp = gethostbyname2(target, AF_INET);
508		if (!hp)
509			errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
510			    target, hstrerror(h_errno));
511
512		if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(to->sin_addr))
513			errx(1, "gethostbyname2 returned an illegal address");
514		memcpy(&to->sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0], sizeof to->sin_addr);
515		(void)strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1);
516		hnamebuf[sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1] = '\0';
517		hostname = hnamebuf;
518	}
519
520	if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL)
521		errx(EX_USAGE, "-f and -i: incompatible options");
522
523	if (options & F_FLOOD && IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr)))
524		errx(EX_USAGE,
525		    "-f flag cannot be used with multicast destination");
526	if (options & (F_MIF | F_NOLOOP | F_MTTL)
527	    && !IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr)))
528		errx(EX_USAGE,
529		    "-I, -L, -T flags cannot be used with unicast destination");
530
531	if (datalen >= TIMEVAL_LEN)	/* can we time transfer */
532		timing = 1;
533
534	if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED))
535		for (i = TIMEVAL_LEN; i < datalen; ++i)
536			*datap++ = i;
537
538	ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF;
539
540	if (s < 0) {
541		errno = sockerrno;
542		err(EX_OSERR, "socket");
543	}
544	hold = 1;
545	if (options & F_SO_DEBUG)
546		(void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold,
547		    sizeof(hold));
548	if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE)
549		(void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold,
550		    sizeof(hold));
551#ifdef IPSEC
552#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
553	if (options & F_POLICY) {
554		char *buf;
555		if (policy_in != NULL) {
556			buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_in, strlen(policy_in));
557			if (buf == NULL)
558				errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
559			if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY,
560					buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0)
561				err(EX_CONFIG,
562				    "ipsec policy cannot be configured");
563			free(buf);
564		}
565
566		if (policy_out != NULL) {
567			buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_out, strlen(policy_out));
568			if (buf == NULL)
569				errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
570			if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY,
571					buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0)
572				err(EX_CONFIG,
573				    "ipsec policy cannot be configured");
574			free(buf);
575		}
576	}
577#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
578#endif /*IPSEC*/
579
580	if (options & F_HDRINCL) {
581		ip = (struct ip*)outpackhdr;
582		if (!(options & (F_TTL | F_MTTL))) {
583			mib[0] = CTL_NET;
584			mib[1] = PF_INET;
585			mib[2] = IPPROTO_IP;
586			mib[3] = IPCTL_DEFTTL;
587			sz = sizeof(ttl);
588			if (sysctl(mib, 4, &ttl, &sz, NULL, 0) == -1)
589				err(1, "sysctl(net.inet.ip.ttl)");
590		}
591		setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, &hold, sizeof(hold));
592		ip->ip_v = IPVERSION;
593		ip->ip_hl = sizeof(struct ip) >> 2;
594		ip->ip_tos = tos;
595		ip->ip_id = 0;
596		ip->ip_off = df ? IP_DF : 0;
597		ip->ip_ttl = ttl;
598		ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP;
599		ip->ip_src.s_addr = source ? sock_in.sin_addr.s_addr : INADDR_ANY;
600		ip->ip_dst = to->sin_addr;
601        }
602	/* record route option */
603	if (options & F_RROUTE) {
604#ifdef IP_OPTIONS
605		bzero(rspace, sizeof(rspace));
606		rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR;
607		rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace) - 1;
608		rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF;
609		rspace[sizeof(rspace) - 1] = IPOPT_EOL;
610		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace,
611		    sizeof(rspace)) < 0)
612			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_OPTIONS");
613#else
614		errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
615		    "record route not available in this implementation");
616#endif /* IP_OPTIONS */
617	}
618
619	if (options & F_TTL) {
620		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, &ttl,
621		    sizeof(ttl)) < 0) {
622			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_TTL");
623		}
624	}
625	if (options & F_NOLOOP) {
626		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, &loop,
627		    sizeof(loop)) < 0) {
628			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_LOOP");
629		}
630	}
631	if (options & F_MTTL) {
632		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, &mttl,
633		    sizeof(mttl)) < 0) {
634			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_TTL");
635		}
636	}
637	if (options & F_MIF) {
638		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, &ifaddr,
639		    sizeof(ifaddr)) < 0) {
640			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_IF");
641		}
642	}
643#ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
644	{ int on = 1;
645	if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_TIMESTAMP, &on, sizeof(on)) < 0)
646		err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt SO_TIMESTAMP");
647	}
648#endif
649
650	/*
651	 * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers.
652	 * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the
653	 * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for
654	 * /etc/ethers.  But beware: RFC 1122 allows hosts to ignore broadcast
655	 * or multicast pings if they wish.
656	 */
657
658	/*
659	 * XXX receive buffer needs undetermined space for mbuf overhead
660	 * as well.
661	 */
662	hold = IP_MAXPACKET + 128;
663	(void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold,
664	    sizeof(hold));
665	if (uid == 0)
666		(void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&hold,
667		    sizeof(hold));
668
669	if (to->sin_family == AF_INET) {
670		(void)printf("PING %s (%s)", hostname,
671		    inet_ntoa(to->sin_addr));
672		if (source)
673			(void)printf(" from %s", shostname);
674		(void)printf(": %d data bytes\n", datalen);
675	} else
676		(void)printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen);
677
678	/*
679	 * Use sigaction() instead of signal() to get unambiguous semantics,
680	 * in particular with SA_RESTART not set.
681	 */
682
683	sigemptyset(&si_sa.sa_mask);
684	si_sa.sa_flags = 0;
685
686	si_sa.sa_handler = stopit;
687	if (sigaction(SIGINT, &si_sa, 0) == -1) {
688		err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGINT");
689	}
690
691	si_sa.sa_handler = status;
692	if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, 0) == -1) {
693		err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction");
694	}
695
696        if (alarmtimeout > 0) {
697		si_sa.sa_handler = stopit;
698		if (sigaction(SIGALRM, &si_sa, 0) == -1)
699			err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGALRM");
700        }
701
702	bzero(&msg, sizeof(msg));
703	msg.msg_name = (caddr_t)&from;
704	msg.msg_iov = &iov;
705	msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
706#ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
707	msg.msg_control = (caddr_t)ctrl;
708#endif
709	iov.iov_base = packet;
710	iov.iov_len = IP_MAXPACKET;
711
712	if (tcgetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, &ts) != -1) {
713		reset_kerninfo = !(ts.c_lflag & NOKERNINFO);
714		ts.c_lflag |= NOKERNINFO;
715		tcsetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, TCSANOW, &ts);
716	}
717
718	if (preload == 0)
719		pinger();		/* send the first ping */
720	else {
721		if (npackets != 0 && preload > npackets)
722			preload = npackets;
723		while (preload--)	/* fire off them quickies */
724			pinger();
725	}
726	(void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL);
727
728	if (options & F_FLOOD) {
729		intvl.tv_sec = 0;
730		intvl.tv_usec = 10000;
731	} else {
732		intvl.tv_sec = interval / 1000;
733		intvl.tv_usec = interval % 1000 * 1000;
734	}
735
736	almost_done = 0;
737	while (!finish_up) {
738		struct timeval now, timeout;
739		fd_set rfds;
740		int cc, n;
741
742		check_status();
743		if ((unsigned)s >= FD_SETSIZE)
744			errx(EX_OSERR, "descriptor too large");
745		FD_ZERO(&rfds);
746		FD_SET(s, &rfds);
747		(void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
748		timeout.tv_sec = last.tv_sec + intvl.tv_sec - now.tv_sec;
749		timeout.tv_usec = last.tv_usec + intvl.tv_usec - now.tv_usec;
750		while (timeout.tv_usec < 0) {
751			timeout.tv_usec += 1000000;
752			timeout.tv_sec--;
753		}
754		while (timeout.tv_usec >= 1000000) {
755			timeout.tv_usec -= 1000000;
756			timeout.tv_sec++;
757		}
758		if (timeout.tv_sec < 0)
759			timeout.tv_sec = timeout.tv_usec = 0;
760		n = select(s + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout);
761		if (n < 0)
762			continue;	/* Must be EINTR. */
763		if (n == 1) {
764			struct timeval *tv = NULL;
765#ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
766			struct cmsghdr *cmsg = (struct cmsghdr *)&ctrl;
767
768			msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(ctrl);
769#endif
770			msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(from);
771			if ((cc = recvmsg(s, &msg, 0)) < 0) {
772				if (errno == EINTR)
773					continue;
774				warn("recvmsg");
775				continue;
776			}
777#ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
778			if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET &&
779			    cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_TIMESTAMP &&
780			    cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof *tv)) {
781				/* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */
782				memcpy(&now, CMSG_DATA(cmsg), sizeof(now));
783				tv = &now;
784			}
785#endif
786			if (tv == NULL) {
787				(void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
788				tv = &now;
789			}
790			pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from, tv);
791			if ((options & F_ONCE && nreceived) ||
792			    (npackets && nreceived >= npackets))
793				break;
794		}
795		if (n == 0 || options & F_FLOOD) {
796			if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets)
797				pinger();
798			else {
799				if (almost_done)
800					break;
801				almost_done = 1;
802				intvl.tv_usec = 0;
803				if (nreceived) {
804					intvl.tv_sec = 2 * tmax / 1000;
805					if (!intvl.tv_sec)
806						intvl.tv_sec = 1;
807				} else
808					intvl.tv_sec = MAXWAIT;
809			}
810			(void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL);
811			if (ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 > nmissedmax) {
812				nmissedmax = ntransmitted - nreceived - 1;
813				if (options & F_MISSED)
814					(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
815			}
816		}
817	}
818	finish();
819	/* NOTREACHED */
820	exit(0);	/* Make the compiler happy */
821}
822
823/*
824 * stopit --
825 *	Set the global bit that causes the main loop to quit.
826 * Do NOT call finish() from here, since finish() does far too much
827 * to be called from a signal handler.
828 */
829void
830stopit(sig)
831	int sig __unused;
832{
833
834	finish_up = 1;
835}
836
837/*
838 * pinger --
839 *	Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet.  The IP packet
840 * will be added on by the kernel.  The ID field is our UNIX process ID,
841 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer.  The first TIMEVAL_LEN
842 * bytes of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in
843 * host byte-order, to compute the round-trip time.
844 */
845static void
846pinger(void)
847{
848	struct timeval now;
849	struct ip *ip;
850	struct icmp *icp;
851	int cc, i;
852	u_char *packet;
853
854	packet = outpack;
855	icp = (struct icmp *)outpack;
856	icp->icmp_type = icmp_type;
857	icp->icmp_code = 0;
858	icp->icmp_cksum = 0;
859	icp->icmp_seq = htons(ntransmitted);
860	icp->icmp_id = ident;			/* ID */
861
862	CLR(ntransmitted % mx_dup_ck);
863
864	if ((options & F_TIME) || timing) {
865		(void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
866
867		if (options & F_TIME)
868			icp->icmp_otime = htonl((now.tv_sec % (24*60*60))
869				* 1000 + now.tv_usec / 1000);
870		if (timing)
871			bcopy((void *)&now,
872			    (void *)&outpack[MINICMPLEN + phdr_len],
873			    sizeof(struct timeval));
874	}
875
876	cc = MINICMPLEN + phdr_len + datalen;
877
878	/* compute ICMP checksum here */
879	icp->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc);
880
881	if (options & F_HDRINCL) {
882		cc += sizeof(struct ip);
883		ip = (struct ip *)outpackhdr;
884		ip->ip_len = cc;
885		ip->ip_sum = in_cksum((u_short *)outpackhdr, cc);
886		packet = outpackhdr;
887	}
888	i = sendto(s, (char *)packet, cc, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&whereto,
889	    sizeof(whereto));
890
891	if (i < 0 || i != cc)  {
892		if (i < 0) {
893			if (options & F_FLOOD && errno == ENOBUFS) {
894				usleep(FLOOD_BACKOFF);
895				return;
896			}
897			warn("sendto");
898		} else {
899			warn("%s: partial write: %d of %d bytes",
900			     hostname, i, cc);
901		}
902	}
903	ntransmitted++;
904	if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_FLOOD)
905		(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT, 1);
906}
907
908/*
909 * pr_pack --
910 *	Print out the packet, if it came from us.  This logic is necessary
911 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets
912 * which arrive ('tis only fair).  This permits multiple copies of this
913 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!).
914 */
915static void
916pr_pack(buf, cc, from, tv)
917	char *buf;
918	int cc;
919	struct sockaddr_in *from;
920	struct timeval *tv;
921{
922	struct in_addr ina;
923	u_char *cp, *dp;
924	struct icmp *icp;
925	struct ip *ip;
926	const void *tp;
927	double triptime;
928	int dupflag, hlen, i, j, recv_len, seq;
929	static int old_rrlen;
930	static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN];
931
932	/* Check the IP header */
933	ip = (struct ip *)buf;
934	hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
935	recv_len = cc;
936	if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) {
937		if (options & F_VERBOSE)
938			warn("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s", cc,
939			     inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr));
940		return;
941	}
942
943	/* Now the ICMP part */
944	cc -= hlen;
945	icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen);
946	if (icp->icmp_type == icmp_type_rsp) {
947		if (icp->icmp_id != ident)
948			return;			/* 'Twas not our ECHO */
949		++nreceived;
950		triptime = 0.0;
951		if (timing) {
952			struct timeval tv1;
953#ifndef icmp_data
954			tp = &icp->icmp_ip;
955#else
956			tp = icp->icmp_data;
957#endif
958			tp += phdr_len;
959
960			if (cc - ICMP_MINLEN - phdr_len >= sizeof(tv1)) {
961				/* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */
962				memcpy(&tv1, tp, sizeof(tv1));
963				tvsub(tv, &tv1);
964 				triptime = ((double)tv->tv_sec) * 1000.0 +
965 				    ((double)tv->tv_usec) / 1000.0;
966				tsum += triptime;
967				tsumsq += triptime * triptime;
968				if (triptime < tmin)
969					tmin = triptime;
970				if (triptime > tmax)
971					tmax = triptime;
972			} else
973				timing = 0;
974		}
975
976		seq = ntohs(icp->icmp_seq);
977
978		if (TST(seq % mx_dup_ck)) {
979			++nrepeats;
980			--nreceived;
981			dupflag = 1;
982		} else {
983			SET(seq % mx_dup_ck);
984			dupflag = 0;
985		}
986
987		if (options & F_QUIET)
988			return;
989
990		if (options & F_FLOOD)
991			(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1);
992		else {
993			(void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc,
994			   inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr),
995			   seq);
996			(void)printf(" ttl=%d", ip->ip_ttl);
997			if (timing)
998				(void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime);
999			if (dupflag)
1000				(void)printf(" (DUP!)");
1001			if (options & F_AUDIBLE)
1002				(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
1003			if (options & F_MASK) {
1004				/* Just prentend this cast isn't ugly */
1005				(void)printf(" mask=%s",
1006					pr_addr(*(struct in_addr *)&(icp->icmp_mask)));
1007			}
1008			if (options & F_TIME) {
1009				(void)printf(" tso=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_otime));
1010				(void)printf(" tsr=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_rtime));
1011				(void)printf(" tst=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_ttime));
1012			}
1013			if (recv_len != send_len) {
1014                        	(void)printf(
1015				     "\nwrong total length %d instead of %d",
1016				     recv_len, send_len);
1017			}
1018			/* check the data */
1019			cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[phdr_len];
1020			dp = &outpack[MINICMPLEN + phdr_len];
1021			cc -= ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len;
1022			i = 0;
1023			if (timing) {   /* don't check variable timestamp */
1024				cp += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1025				dp += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1026				cc -= TIMEVAL_LEN;
1027				i += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1028			}
1029			for (; i < datalen && cc > 0; ++i, ++cp, ++dp, --cc) {
1030				if (*cp != *dp) {
1031	(void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x",
1032	    i, *dp, *cp);
1033					(void)printf("\ncp:");
1034					cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[0];
1035					for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
1036						if ((i % 16) == 8)
1037							(void)printf("\n\t");
1038						(void)printf("%2x ", *cp);
1039					}
1040					(void)printf("\ndp:");
1041					cp = &outpack[MINICMPLEN];
1042					for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
1043						if ((i % 16) == 8)
1044							(void)printf("\n\t");
1045						(void)printf("%2x ", *cp);
1046					}
1047					break;
1048				}
1049			}
1050		}
1051	} else {
1052		/*
1053		 * We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY.
1054		 * See if it's a reply to something that we sent.
1055		 * We can compare IP destination, protocol,
1056		 * and ICMP type and ID.
1057		 *
1058		 * Only print all the error messages if we are running
1059		 * as root to avoid leaking information not normally
1060		 * available to those not running as root.
1061		 */
1062#ifndef icmp_data
1063		struct ip *oip = &icp->icmp_ip;
1064#else
1065		struct ip *oip = (struct ip *)icp->icmp_data;
1066#endif
1067		struct icmp *oicmp = (struct icmp *)(oip + 1);
1068
1069		if (((options & F_VERBOSE) && uid == 0) ||
1070		    (!(options & F_QUIET2) &&
1071		     (oip->ip_dst.s_addr == whereto.sin_addr.s_addr) &&
1072		     (oip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) &&
1073		     (oicmp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) &&
1074		     (oicmp->icmp_id == ident))) {
1075		    (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc,
1076			pr_addr(from->sin_addr));
1077		    pr_icmph(icp);
1078		} else
1079		    return;
1080	}
1081
1082	/* Display any IP options */
1083	cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip);
1084
1085	for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp)
1086		switch (*cp) {
1087		case IPOPT_EOL:
1088			hlen = 0;
1089			break;
1090		case IPOPT_LSRR:
1091		case IPOPT_SSRR:
1092			(void)printf(*cp == IPOPT_LSRR ?
1093			    "\nLSRR: " : "\nSSRR: ");
1094			j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN] - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1;
1095			hlen -= 2;
1096			cp += 2;
1097			if (j >= INADDR_LEN &&
1098			    j <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) {
1099				for (;;) {
1100					bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN);
1101					if (ina.s_addr == 0)
1102						(void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
1103					else
1104						(void)printf("\t%s",
1105						     pr_addr(ina));
1106					hlen -= INADDR_LEN;
1107					cp += INADDR_LEN - 1;
1108					j -= INADDR_LEN;
1109					if (j < INADDR_LEN)
1110						break;
1111					(void)putchar('\n');
1112				}
1113			} else
1114				(void)printf("\t(truncated route)\n");
1115			break;
1116		case IPOPT_RR:
1117			j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN];		/* get length */
1118			i = cp[IPOPT_OFFSET];		/* and pointer */
1119			hlen -= 2;
1120			cp += 2;
1121			if (i > j)
1122				i = j;
1123			i = i - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1;
1124			if (i < 0 || i > (hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip))) {
1125				old_rrlen = 0;
1126				continue;
1127			}
1128			if (i == old_rrlen
1129			    && !bcmp((char *)cp, old_rr, i)
1130			    && !(options & F_FLOOD)) {
1131				(void)printf("\t(same route)");
1132				hlen -= i;
1133				cp += i;
1134				break;
1135			}
1136			old_rrlen = i;
1137			bcopy((char *)cp, old_rr, i);
1138			(void)printf("\nRR: ");
1139			if (i >= INADDR_LEN &&
1140			    i <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) {
1141				for (;;) {
1142					bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN);
1143					if (ina.s_addr == 0)
1144						(void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
1145					else
1146						(void)printf("\t%s",
1147						     pr_addr(ina));
1148					hlen -= INADDR_LEN;
1149					cp += INADDR_LEN - 1;
1150					i -= INADDR_LEN;
1151					if (i < INADDR_LEN)
1152						break;
1153					(void)putchar('\n');
1154				}
1155			} else
1156				(void)printf("\t(truncated route)");
1157			break;
1158		case IPOPT_NOP:
1159			(void)printf("\nNOP");
1160			break;
1161		default:
1162			(void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp);
1163			break;
1164		}
1165	if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) {
1166		(void)putchar('\n');
1167		(void)fflush(stdout);
1168	}
1169}
1170
1171/*
1172 * in_cksum --
1173 *	Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version)
1174 */
1175u_short
1176in_cksum(addr, len)
1177	u_short *addr;
1178	int len;
1179{
1180	int nleft, sum;
1181	u_short *w;
1182	union {
1183		u_short	us;
1184		u_char	uc[2];
1185	} last;
1186	u_short answer;
1187
1188	nleft = len;
1189	sum = 0;
1190	w = addr;
1191
1192	/*
1193	 * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add
1194	 * sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the
1195	 * carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits.
1196	 */
1197	while (nleft > 1)  {
1198		sum += *w++;
1199		nleft -= 2;
1200	}
1201
1202	/* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */
1203	if (nleft == 1) {
1204		last.uc[0] = *(u_char *)w;
1205		last.uc[1] = 0;
1206		sum += last.us;
1207	}
1208
1209	/* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */
1210	sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff);	/* add hi 16 to low 16 */
1211	sum += (sum >> 16);			/* add carry */
1212	answer = ~sum;				/* truncate to 16 bits */
1213	return(answer);
1214}
1215
1216/*
1217 * tvsub --
1218 *	Subtract 2 timeval structs:  out = out - in.  Out is assumed to
1219 * be >= in.
1220 */
1221static void
1222tvsub(out, in)
1223	struct timeval *out, *in;
1224{
1225
1226	if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) {
1227		--out->tv_sec;
1228		out->tv_usec += 1000000;
1229	}
1230	out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec;
1231}
1232
1233/*
1234 * status --
1235 *	Print out statistics when SIGINFO is received.
1236 */
1237
1238static void
1239status(sig)
1240	int sig __unused;
1241{
1242
1243	siginfo_p = 1;
1244}
1245
1246static void
1247check_status()
1248{
1249
1250	if (siginfo_p) {
1251		siginfo_p = 0;
1252		(void)fprintf(stderr, "\r%ld/%ld packets received (%.0f%%)",
1253		    nreceived, ntransmitted,
1254		    ntransmitted ? nreceived * 100.0 / ntransmitted : 0.0);
1255		if (nreceived && timing)
1256			(void)fprintf(stderr, " %.3f min / %.3f avg / %.3f max",
1257			    tmin, tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats), tmax);
1258		(void)fprintf(stderr, "\n");
1259	}
1260}
1261
1262/*
1263 * finish --
1264 *	Print out statistics, and give up.
1265 */
1266static void
1267finish()
1268{
1269	struct termios ts;
1270
1271	(void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
1272	(void)signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
1273	(void)putchar('\n');
1274	(void)fflush(stdout);
1275	(void)printf("--- %s ping statistics ---\n", hostname);
1276	(void)printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted);
1277	(void)printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived);
1278	if (nrepeats)
1279		(void)printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats);
1280	if (ntransmitted) {
1281		if (nreceived > ntransmitted)
1282			(void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!");
1283		else
1284			(void)printf("%d%% packet loss",
1285			    (int)(((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100) /
1286			    ntransmitted));
1287	}
1288	(void)putchar('\n');
1289	if (nreceived && timing) {
1290		double n = nreceived + nrepeats;
1291		double avg = tsum / n;
1292		double vari = tsumsq / n - avg * avg;
1293		(void)printf(
1294		    "round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = %.3f/%.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n",
1295		    tmin, avg, tmax, sqrt(vari));
1296	}
1297	if (reset_kerninfo && tcgetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, &ts) != -1) {
1298		ts.c_lflag &= ~NOKERNINFO;
1299		tcsetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, TCSANOW, &ts);
1300	}
1301
1302	if (nreceived)
1303		exit(0);
1304	else
1305		exit(2);
1306}
1307
1308#ifdef notdef
1309static char *ttab[] = {
1310	"Echo Reply",		/* ip + seq + udata */
1311	"Dest Unreachable",	/* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */
1312	"Source Quench",	/* IP */
1313	"Redirect",		/* redirect type, gateway, + IP  */
1314	"Echo",
1315	"Time Exceeded",	/* transit, frag reassem + IP */
1316	"Parameter Problem",	/* pointer + IP */
1317	"Timestamp",		/* id + seq + three timestamps */
1318	"Timestamp Reply",	/* " */
1319	"Info Request",		/* id + sq */
1320	"Info Reply"		/* " */
1321};
1322#endif
1323
1324/*
1325 * pr_icmph --
1326 *	Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header.
1327 */
1328static void
1329pr_icmph(icp)
1330	struct icmp *icp;
1331{
1332
1333	switch(icp->icmp_type) {
1334	case ICMP_ECHOREPLY:
1335		(void)printf("Echo Reply\n");
1336		/* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
1337		break;
1338	case ICMP_UNREACH:
1339		switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1340		case ICMP_UNREACH_NET:
1341			(void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n");
1342			break;
1343		case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST:
1344			(void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n");
1345			break;
1346		case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL:
1347			(void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n");
1348			break;
1349		case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT:
1350			(void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n");
1351			break;
1352		case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG:
1353			(void)printf("frag needed and DF set (MTU %d)\n",
1354					ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu));
1355			break;
1356		case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL:
1357			(void)printf("Source Route Failed\n");
1358			break;
1359		case ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB:
1360			(void)printf("Communication prohibited by filter\n");
1361			break;
1362		default:
1363			(void)printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n",
1364			    icp->icmp_code);
1365			break;
1366		}
1367		/* Print returned IP header information */
1368#ifndef icmp_data
1369		pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1370#else
1371		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1372#endif
1373		break;
1374	case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH:
1375		(void)printf("Source Quench\n");
1376#ifndef icmp_data
1377		pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1378#else
1379		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1380#endif
1381		break;
1382	case ICMP_REDIRECT:
1383		switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1384		case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET:
1385			(void)printf("Redirect Network");
1386			break;
1387		case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST:
1388			(void)printf("Redirect Host");
1389			break;
1390		case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET:
1391			(void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network");
1392			break;
1393		case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST:
1394			(void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host");
1395			break;
1396		default:
1397			(void)printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code);
1398			break;
1399		}
1400		(void)printf("(New addr: %s)\n", inet_ntoa(icp->icmp_gwaddr));
1401#ifndef icmp_data
1402		pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1403#else
1404		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1405#endif
1406		break;
1407	case ICMP_ECHO:
1408		(void)printf("Echo Request\n");
1409		/* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
1410		break;
1411	case ICMP_TIMXCEED:
1412		switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1413		case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS:
1414			(void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n");
1415			break;
1416		case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS:
1417			(void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n");
1418			break;
1419		default:
1420			(void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n",
1421			    icp->icmp_code);
1422			break;
1423		}
1424#ifndef icmp_data
1425		pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1426#else
1427		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1428#endif
1429		break;
1430	case ICMP_PARAMPROB:
1431		(void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x\n",
1432		    icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr);
1433#ifndef icmp_data
1434		pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1435#else
1436		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1437#endif
1438		break;
1439	case ICMP_TSTAMP:
1440		(void)printf("Timestamp\n");
1441		/* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
1442		break;
1443	case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY:
1444		(void)printf("Timestamp Reply\n");
1445		/* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
1446		break;
1447	case ICMP_IREQ:
1448		(void)printf("Information Request\n");
1449		/* XXX ID + Seq */
1450		break;
1451	case ICMP_IREQREPLY:
1452		(void)printf("Information Reply\n");
1453		/* XXX ID + Seq */
1454		break;
1455	case ICMP_MASKREQ:
1456		(void)printf("Address Mask Request\n");
1457		break;
1458	case ICMP_MASKREPLY:
1459		(void)printf("Address Mask Reply\n");
1460		break;
1461	case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT:
1462		(void)printf("Router Advertisement\n");
1463		break;
1464	case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT:
1465		(void)printf("Router Solicitation\n");
1466		break;
1467	default:
1468		(void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type);
1469	}
1470}
1471
1472/*
1473 * pr_iph --
1474 *	Print an IP header with options.
1475 */
1476static void
1477pr_iph(ip)
1478	struct ip *ip;
1479{
1480	u_char *cp;
1481	int hlen;
1482
1483	hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
1484	cp = (u_char *)ip + 20;		/* point to options */
1485
1486	(void)printf("Vr HL TOS  Len   ID Flg  off TTL Pro  cks      Src      Dst\n");
1487	(void)printf(" %1x  %1x  %02x %04x %04x",
1488	    ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ntohs(ip->ip_len),
1489	    ntohs(ip->ip_id));
1490	(void)printf("   %1lx %04lx",
1491	    (u_long) (ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13,
1492	    (u_long) ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff);
1493	(void)printf("  %02x  %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p,
1494							    ntohs(ip->ip_sum));
1495	(void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr));
1496	(void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr));
1497	/* dump any option bytes */
1498	while (hlen-- > 20) {
1499		(void)printf("%02x", *cp++);
1500	}
1501	(void)putchar('\n');
1502}
1503
1504/*
1505 * pr_addr --
1506 *	Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with
1507 * a hostname.
1508 */
1509static char *
1510pr_addr(ina)
1511	struct in_addr ina;
1512{
1513	struct hostent *hp;
1514	static char buf[16 + 3 + MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
1515
1516	if ((options & F_NUMERIC) ||
1517	    !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&ina, 4, AF_INET)))
1518		return inet_ntoa(ina);
1519	else
1520		(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name,
1521		    inet_ntoa(ina));
1522	return(buf);
1523}
1524
1525/*
1526 * pr_retip --
1527 *	Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet.
1528 */
1529static void
1530pr_retip(ip)
1531	struct ip *ip;
1532{
1533	u_char *cp;
1534	int hlen;
1535
1536	pr_iph(ip);
1537	hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
1538	cp = (u_char *)ip + hlen;
1539
1540	if (ip->ip_p == 6)
1541		(void)printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
1542		    (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
1543	else if (ip->ip_p == 17)
1544		(void)printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
1545			(*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
1546}
1547
1548static char *
1549pr_ntime (n_time time)
1550{
1551	static char buf[10];
1552	int h, m, s;
1553
1554	s = ntohl(time) / 1000;
1555	h = s / 60 / 60;
1556	m = (s % (60 * 60)) / 60;
1557	s = (s % (60 * 60)) % 60;
1558
1559	(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%02d:%02d:%02d", h, m, s);
1560
1561	return (buf);
1562}
1563
1564static void
1565fill(bp, patp)
1566	char *bp, *patp;
1567{
1568	char *cp;
1569	int pat[16];
1570	u_int ii, jj, kk;
1571
1572	for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++) {
1573		if (!isxdigit(*cp))
1574			errx(EX_USAGE,
1575			    "patterns must be specified as hex digits");
1576
1577	}
1578	ii = sscanf(patp,
1579	    "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x",
1580	    &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6],
1581	    &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12],
1582	    &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]);
1583
1584	if (ii > 0)
1585		for (kk = 0; kk <= maxpayload - (TIMEVAL_LEN + ii); kk += ii)
1586			for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
1587				bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj];
1588	if (!(options & F_QUIET)) {
1589		(void)printf("PATTERN: 0x");
1590		for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
1591			(void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF);
1592		(void)printf("\n");
1593	}
1594}
1595
1596#if defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC)
1597#define	SECOPT		" [-P policy]"
1598#else
1599#define	SECOPT		""
1600#endif
1601static void
1602usage()
1603{
1604
1605	(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
1606"usage: ping [-AaDdfnoQqRrv] [-c count] [-i wait] [-l preload] [-M mask | time]",
1607"            [-m ttl]" SECOPT " [-p pattern] [-S src_addr] [-s packetsize]",
1608"            [-t timeout] [-z tos] host",
1609"       ping [-AaDdfLnoQqRrv] [-c count] [-I iface] [-i wait] [-l preload]",
1610"            [-M mask | time] [-m ttl]" SECOPT " [-p pattern] [-S src_addr]",
1611"            [-s packetsize] [-T ttl] [-t timeout] [-z tos] mcast-group");
1612	exit(EX_USAGE);
1613}
1614