1330976Seadler/* $NetBSD: mkfs.c,v 1.22 2011/10/09 22:30:13 christos Exp $ */ 2185222Ssam 3331722Seadler/* 4185222Ssam * Copyright (c) 2002 Networks Associates Technology, Inc. 5185222Ssam * All rights reserved. 6185222Ssam * 7185222Ssam * This software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by Marshall 8185222Ssam * Kirk McKusick and Network Associates Laboratories, the Security 9185222Ssam * Research Division of Network Associates, Inc. under DARPA/SPAWAR 10185222Ssam * contract N66001-01-C-8035 ("CBOSS"), as part of the DARPA CHATS 11185222Ssam * research program 12185222Ssam * 13185222Ssam * Copyright (c) 1980, 1989, 1993 14185222Ssam * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 15185222Ssam * 16185222Ssam * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 17185222Ssam * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 18185222Ssam * are met: 19185222Ssam * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 20185222Ssam * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 21185222Ssam * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 22185222Ssam * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 23185222Ssam * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 24185222Ssam * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 25185222Ssam * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 26185222Ssam * without specific prior written permission. 27185222Ssam * 28185222Ssam * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 29185222Ssam * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 30185222Ssam * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 31185222Ssam * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 32185222Ssam * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 33185222Ssam * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 34185222Ssam * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 35185222Ssam * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 36185222Ssam * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 37185222Ssam * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 38185222Ssam * SUCH DAMAGE. 39185222Ssam */ 40185222Ssam 41185222Ssam#include <sys/cdefs.h> 42186334Ssam__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: stable/11/usr.sbin/makefs/ffs/mkfs.c 332981 2018-04-25 01:48:15Z benno $"); 43185222Ssam 44185222Ssam#include <sys/param.h> 45185222Ssam#include <sys/time.h> 46185222Ssam#include <sys/resource.h> 47185222Ssam 48185222Ssam#include <stdio.h> 49185222Ssam#include <stdlib.h> 50185222Ssam#include <string.h> 51185222Ssam#include <unistd.h> 52185222Ssam#include <errno.h> 53332981Sbenno#include <util.h> 54185222Ssam 55185222Ssam#include "makefs.h" 56214921Scognet#include "ffs.h" 57185222Ssam 58185222Ssam#include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h> 59185222Ssam#include <ufs/ffs/fs.h> 60185222Ssam 61186261Ssam#include "ffs/ufs_bswap.h" 62185222Ssam#include "ffs/ufs_inode.h" 63185222Ssam#include "ffs/ffs_extern.h" 64185222Ssam#include "ffs/newfs_extern.h" 65185222Ssam 66214921Scognet#ifndef BBSIZE 67214921Scognet#define BBSIZE 8192 /* size of boot area, with label */ 68214921Scognet#endif 69214921Scognet 70185222Ssamstatic void initcg(int, time_t, const fsinfo_t *); 71185222Ssamstatic int ilog2(int); 72185222Ssam 73185222Ssamstatic int count_digits(int); 74185222Ssam 75185222Ssam/* 76185222Ssam * make file system for cylinder-group style file systems 77185222Ssam */ 78185222Ssam#define UMASK 0755 79185222Ssam#define POWEROF2(num) (((num) & ((num) - 1)) == 0) 80185222Ssam 81185222Ssamunion { 82185222Ssam struct fs fs; 83185222Ssam char pad[SBLOCKSIZE]; 84185222Ssam} fsun; 85185222Ssam#define sblock fsun.fs 86185222Ssamstruct csum *fscs; 87185222Ssam 88185222Ssamunion { 89185222Ssam struct cg cg; 90185222Ssam char pad[FFS_MAXBSIZE]; 91185222Ssam} cgun; 92185222Ssam#define acg cgun.cg 93185222Ssam 94185222Ssamchar *iobuf; 95185222Ssamint iobufsize; 96185222Ssam 97185222Ssamchar writebuf[FFS_MAXBSIZE]; 98185222Ssam 99185222Ssamstatic int Oflag; /* format as an 4.3BSD file system */ 100185222Ssamstatic int64_t fssize; /* file system size */ 101185222Ssamstatic int sectorsize; /* bytes/sector */ 102185222Ssamstatic int fsize; /* fragment size */ 103185222Ssamstatic int bsize; /* block size */ 104185222Ssamstatic int maxbsize; /* maximum clustering */ 105185222Ssamstatic int maxblkspercg; 106185222Ssamstatic int minfree; /* free space threshold */ 107185222Ssamstatic int opt; /* optimization preference (space or time) */ 108185222Ssamstatic int density; /* number of bytes per inode */ 109185222Ssamstatic int maxcontig; /* max contiguous blocks to allocate */ 110185222Ssamstatic int maxbpg; /* maximum blocks per file in a cyl group */ 111214921Scognetstatic int bbsize; /* boot block size */ 112185222Ssamstatic int sbsize; /* superblock size */ 113185222Ssamstatic int avgfilesize; /* expected average file size */ 114185222Ssamstatic int avgfpdir; /* expected number of files per directory */ 115185222Ssam 116185222Ssamstruct fs * 117301879Semasteffs_mkfs(const char *fsys, const fsinfo_t *fsopts, time_t tstamp) 118185222Ssam{ 119185222Ssam int fragsperinode, optimalfpg, origdensity, minfpg, lastminfpg; 120185222Ssam int32_t cylno, i, csfrags; 121185222Ssam long long sizepb; 122185222Ssam void *space; 123185222Ssam int size, blks; 124185222Ssam int nprintcols, printcolwidth; 125214921Scognet ffs_opt_t *ffs_opts = fsopts->fs_specific; 126185222Ssam 127214921Scognet Oflag = ffs_opts->version; 128185222Ssam fssize = fsopts->size / fsopts->sectorsize; 129185222Ssam sectorsize = fsopts->sectorsize; 130214921Scognet fsize = ffs_opts->fsize; 131214921Scognet bsize = ffs_opts->bsize; 132214921Scognet maxbsize = ffs_opts->maxbsize; 133214921Scognet maxblkspercg = ffs_opts->maxblkspercg; 134214921Scognet minfree = ffs_opts->minfree; 135214921Scognet opt = ffs_opts->optimization; 136214921Scognet density = ffs_opts->density; 137214921Scognet maxcontig = ffs_opts->maxcontig; 138214921Scognet maxbpg = ffs_opts->maxbpg; 139214921Scognet avgfilesize = ffs_opts->avgfilesize; 140214921Scognet avgfpdir = ffs_opts->avgfpdir; 141214921Scognet bbsize = BBSIZE; 142185222Ssam sbsize = SBLOCKSIZE; 143226169Snwhitehorn 144226169Snwhitehorn strlcpy(sblock.fs_volname, ffs_opts->label, sizeof(sblock.fs_volname)); 145226169Snwhitehorn 146185222Ssam if (Oflag == 0) { 147185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_inodefmt = FS_42INODEFMT; 148185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxsymlinklen = 0; 149185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_flags = 0; 150185222Ssam } else { 151185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_inodefmt = FS_44INODEFMT; 152185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxsymlinklen = (Oflag == 1 ? MAXSYMLINKLEN_UFS1 : 153185222Ssam MAXSYMLINKLEN_UFS2); 154185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_flags = FS_FLAGS_UPDATED; 155185222Ssam sblock.fs_flags = 0; 156185222Ssam } 157185222Ssam /* 158185222Ssam * Validate the given file system size. 159185222Ssam * Verify that its last block can actually be accessed. 160185222Ssam * Convert to file system fragment sized units. 161185222Ssam */ 162185222Ssam if (fssize <= 0) { 163185222Ssam printf("preposterous size %lld\n", (long long)fssize); 164185222Ssam exit(13); 165185222Ssam } 166185222Ssam ffs_wtfs(fssize - 1, sectorsize, (char *)&sblock, fsopts); 167185222Ssam 168185222Ssam /* 169185222Ssam * collect and verify the filesystem density info 170185222Ssam */ 171185222Ssam sblock.fs_avgfilesize = avgfilesize; 172185222Ssam sblock.fs_avgfpdir = avgfpdir; 173185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_avgfilesize <= 0) 174185222Ssam printf("illegal expected average file size %d\n", 175185222Ssam sblock.fs_avgfilesize), exit(14); 176185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_avgfpdir <= 0) 177185222Ssam printf("illegal expected number of files per directory %d\n", 178185222Ssam sblock.fs_avgfpdir), exit(15); 179185222Ssam /* 180185222Ssam * collect and verify the block and fragment sizes 181185222Ssam */ 182185222Ssam sblock.fs_bsize = bsize; 183185222Ssam sblock.fs_fsize = fsize; 184185222Ssam if (!POWEROF2(sblock.fs_bsize)) { 185185222Ssam printf("block size must be a power of 2, not %d\n", 186185222Ssam sblock.fs_bsize); 187185222Ssam exit(16); 188185222Ssam } 189185222Ssam if (!POWEROF2(sblock.fs_fsize)) { 190185222Ssam printf("fragment size must be a power of 2, not %d\n", 191185222Ssam sblock.fs_fsize); 192185222Ssam exit(17); 193185222Ssam } 194185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_fsize < sectorsize) { 195185222Ssam printf("fragment size %d is too small, minimum is %d\n", 196185222Ssam sblock.fs_fsize, sectorsize); 197185222Ssam exit(18); 198185222Ssam } 199185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_bsize < MINBSIZE) { 200185222Ssam printf("block size %d is too small, minimum is %d\n", 201185222Ssam sblock.fs_bsize, MINBSIZE); 202185222Ssam exit(19); 203185222Ssam } 204185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_bsize > FFS_MAXBSIZE) { 205185222Ssam printf("block size %d is too large, maximum is %d\n", 206185222Ssam sblock.fs_bsize, FFS_MAXBSIZE); 207185222Ssam exit(19); 208185222Ssam } 209185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_bsize < sblock.fs_fsize) { 210185222Ssam printf("block size (%d) cannot be smaller than fragment size (%d)\n", 211185222Ssam sblock.fs_bsize, sblock.fs_fsize); 212185222Ssam exit(20); 213185222Ssam } 214185222Ssam 215185222Ssam if (maxbsize < bsize || !POWEROF2(maxbsize)) { 216185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxbsize = sblock.fs_bsize; 217185222Ssam printf("Extent size set to %d\n", sblock.fs_maxbsize); 218185222Ssam } else if (sblock.fs_maxbsize > FS_MAXCONTIG * sblock.fs_bsize) { 219185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxbsize = FS_MAXCONTIG * sblock.fs_bsize; 220185222Ssam printf("Extent size reduced to %d\n", sblock.fs_maxbsize); 221185222Ssam } else { 222185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxbsize = maxbsize; 223185222Ssam } 224185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxcontig = maxcontig; 225185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_maxcontig < sblock.fs_maxbsize / sblock.fs_bsize) { 226185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxcontig = sblock.fs_maxbsize / sblock.fs_bsize; 227185222Ssam printf("Maxcontig raised to %d\n", sblock.fs_maxbsize); 228185222Ssam } 229185222Ssam 230185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_maxcontig > 1) 231185222Ssam sblock.fs_contigsumsize = MIN(sblock.fs_maxcontig,FS_MAXCONTIG); 232185222Ssam 233185222Ssam sblock.fs_bmask = ~(sblock.fs_bsize - 1); 234185222Ssam sblock.fs_fmask = ~(sblock.fs_fsize - 1); 235185222Ssam sblock.fs_qbmask = ~sblock.fs_bmask; 236185222Ssam sblock.fs_qfmask = ~sblock.fs_fmask; 237185222Ssam for (sblock.fs_bshift = 0, i = sblock.fs_bsize; i > 1; i >>= 1) 238185222Ssam sblock.fs_bshift++; 239185222Ssam for (sblock.fs_fshift = 0, i = sblock.fs_fsize; i > 1; i >>= 1) 240185222Ssam sblock.fs_fshift++; 241185222Ssam sblock.fs_frag = numfrags(&sblock, sblock.fs_bsize); 242185222Ssam for (sblock.fs_fragshift = 0, i = sblock.fs_frag; i > 1; i >>= 1) 243185222Ssam sblock.fs_fragshift++; 244185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_frag > MAXFRAG) { 245185222Ssam printf("fragment size %d is too small, " 246185222Ssam "minimum with block size %d is %d\n", 247185222Ssam sblock.fs_fsize, sblock.fs_bsize, 248185222Ssam sblock.fs_bsize / MAXFRAG); 249185222Ssam exit(21); 250185222Ssam } 251185222Ssam sblock.fs_fsbtodb = ilog2(sblock.fs_fsize / sectorsize); 252289225Ssbruno sblock.fs_size = sblock.fs_providersize = fssize = 253289225Ssbruno dbtofsb(&sblock, fssize); 254185222Ssam 255185222Ssam if (Oflag <= 1) { 256185222Ssam sblock.fs_magic = FS_UFS1_MAGIC; 257185222Ssam sblock.fs_sblockloc = SBLOCK_UFS1; 258266930Sjmg sblock.fs_nindir = sblock.fs_bsize / sizeof(ufs1_daddr_t); 259185222Ssam sblock.fs_inopb = sblock.fs_bsize / sizeof(struct ufs1_dinode); 260185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxsymlinklen = ((NDADDR + NIADDR) * 261266930Sjmg sizeof (ufs1_daddr_t)); 262185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_inodefmt = FS_44INODEFMT; 263185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cgoffset = 0; 264185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cgmask = 0xffffffff; 265185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_size = sblock.fs_size; 266185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_rotdelay = 0; 267185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_rps = 60; 268185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_nspf = sblock.fs_fsize / sectorsize; 269185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cpg = 1; 270185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_interleave = 1; 271185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_trackskew = 0; 272185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cpc = 0; 273185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_postblformat = 1; 274185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_nrpos = 1; 275185222Ssam } else { 276185222Ssam sblock.fs_magic = FS_UFS2_MAGIC; 277185222Ssam sblock.fs_sblockloc = SBLOCK_UFS2; 278266930Sjmg sblock.fs_nindir = sblock.fs_bsize / sizeof(ufs2_daddr_t); 279185222Ssam sblock.fs_inopb = sblock.fs_bsize / sizeof(struct ufs2_dinode); 280185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxsymlinklen = ((NDADDR + NIADDR) * 281266930Sjmg sizeof (ufs2_daddr_t)); 282185222Ssam } 283185222Ssam 284185222Ssam sblock.fs_sblkno = 285185222Ssam roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_sblockloc + SBLOCKSIZE, sblock.fs_fsize), 286185222Ssam sblock.fs_frag); 287185222Ssam sblock.fs_cblkno = (daddr_t)(sblock.fs_sblkno + 288185222Ssam roundup(howmany(SBLOCKSIZE, sblock.fs_fsize), sblock.fs_frag)); 289185222Ssam sblock.fs_iblkno = sblock.fs_cblkno + sblock.fs_frag; 290185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxfilesize = sblock.fs_bsize * NDADDR - 1; 291185222Ssam for (sizepb = sblock.fs_bsize, i = 0; i < NIADDR; i++) { 292185222Ssam sizepb *= NINDIR(&sblock); 293185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxfilesize += sizepb; 294185222Ssam } 295185222Ssam 296185222Ssam /* 297185222Ssam * Calculate the number of blocks to put into each cylinder group. 298185222Ssam * 299185222Ssam * This algorithm selects the number of blocks per cylinder 300185222Ssam * group. The first goal is to have at least enough data blocks 301185222Ssam * in each cylinder group to meet the density requirement. Once 302185222Ssam * this goal is achieved we try to expand to have at least 303185222Ssam * 1 cylinder group. Once this goal is achieved, we pack as 304185222Ssam * many blocks into each cylinder group map as will fit. 305185222Ssam * 306185222Ssam * We start by calculating the smallest number of blocks that we 307185222Ssam * can put into each cylinder group. If this is too big, we reduce 308185222Ssam * the density until it fits. 309185222Ssam */ 310185222Ssam origdensity = density; 311185222Ssam for (;;) { 312185222Ssam fragsperinode = MAX(numfrags(&sblock, density), 1); 313185222Ssam minfpg = fragsperinode * INOPB(&sblock); 314185222Ssam if (minfpg > sblock.fs_size) 315185222Ssam minfpg = sblock.fs_size; 316185222Ssam sblock.fs_ipg = INOPB(&sblock); 317185222Ssam sblock.fs_fpg = roundup(sblock.fs_iblkno + 318185222Ssam sblock.fs_ipg / INOPF(&sblock), sblock.fs_frag); 319185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_fpg < minfpg) 320185222Ssam sblock.fs_fpg = minfpg; 321185222Ssam sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode), 322185222Ssam INOPB(&sblock)); 323185222Ssam sblock.fs_fpg = roundup(sblock.fs_iblkno + 324185222Ssam sblock.fs_ipg / INOPF(&sblock), sblock.fs_frag); 325185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_fpg < minfpg) 326185222Ssam sblock.fs_fpg = minfpg; 327185222Ssam sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode), 328185222Ssam INOPB(&sblock)); 329185222Ssam if (CGSIZE(&sblock) < (unsigned long)sblock.fs_bsize) 330185222Ssam break; 331185222Ssam density -= sblock.fs_fsize; 332185222Ssam } 333185222Ssam if (density != origdensity) 334185222Ssam printf("density reduced from %d to %d\n", origdensity, density); 335185222Ssam 336185222Ssam if (maxblkspercg <= 0 || maxblkspercg >= fssize) 337185222Ssam maxblkspercg = fssize - 1; 338185222Ssam /* 339185222Ssam * Start packing more blocks into the cylinder group until 340185222Ssam * it cannot grow any larger, the number of cylinder groups 341185222Ssam * drops below 1, or we reach the size requested. 342185222Ssam */ 343185222Ssam for ( ; sblock.fs_fpg < maxblkspercg; sblock.fs_fpg += sblock.fs_frag) { 344185222Ssam sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode), 345185222Ssam INOPB(&sblock)); 346185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_size / sblock.fs_fpg < 1) 347185222Ssam break; 348185222Ssam if (CGSIZE(&sblock) < (unsigned long)sblock.fs_bsize) 349185222Ssam continue; 350185222Ssam if (CGSIZE(&sblock) == (unsigned long)sblock.fs_bsize) 351185222Ssam break; 352185222Ssam sblock.fs_fpg -= sblock.fs_frag; 353185222Ssam sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode), 354185222Ssam INOPB(&sblock)); 355185222Ssam break; 356185222Ssam } 357185222Ssam /* 358185222Ssam * Check to be sure that the last cylinder group has enough blocks 359185222Ssam * to be viable. If it is too small, reduce the number of blocks 360185222Ssam * per cylinder group which will have the effect of moving more 361185222Ssam * blocks into the last cylinder group. 362185222Ssam */ 363185222Ssam optimalfpg = sblock.fs_fpg; 364185222Ssam for (;;) { 365185222Ssam sblock.fs_ncg = howmany(sblock.fs_size, sblock.fs_fpg); 366185222Ssam lastminfpg = roundup(sblock.fs_iblkno + 367185222Ssam sblock.fs_ipg / INOPF(&sblock), sblock.fs_frag); 368185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_size < lastminfpg) { 369185222Ssam printf("Filesystem size %lld < minimum size of %d\n", 370185222Ssam (long long)sblock.fs_size, lastminfpg); 371185222Ssam exit(28); 372185222Ssam } 373185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_size % sblock.fs_fpg >= lastminfpg || 374185222Ssam sblock.fs_size % sblock.fs_fpg == 0) 375185222Ssam break; 376185222Ssam sblock.fs_fpg -= sblock.fs_frag; 377185222Ssam sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode), 378185222Ssam INOPB(&sblock)); 379185222Ssam } 380185222Ssam if (optimalfpg != sblock.fs_fpg) 381185222Ssam printf("Reduced frags per cylinder group from %d to %d %s\n", 382185222Ssam optimalfpg, sblock.fs_fpg, "to enlarge last cyl group"); 383185222Ssam sblock.fs_cgsize = fragroundup(&sblock, CGSIZE(&sblock)); 384185222Ssam sblock.fs_dblkno = sblock.fs_iblkno + sblock.fs_ipg / INOPF(&sblock); 385185222Ssam if (Oflag <= 1) { 386185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_spc = sblock.fs_fpg * sblock.fs_old_nspf; 387185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_nsect = sblock.fs_old_spc; 388185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_npsect = sblock.fs_old_spc; 389185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_ncyl = sblock.fs_ncg; 390185222Ssam } 391185222Ssam 392185222Ssam /* 393185222Ssam * fill in remaining fields of the super block 394185222Ssam */ 395185222Ssam sblock.fs_csaddr = cgdmin(&sblock, 0); 396185222Ssam sblock.fs_cssize = 397185222Ssam fragroundup(&sblock, sblock.fs_ncg * sizeof(struct csum)); 398185222Ssam 399185222Ssam /* 400185222Ssam * Setup memory for temporary in-core cylgroup summaries. 401185222Ssam * Cribbed from ffs_mountfs(). 402185222Ssam */ 403185222Ssam size = sblock.fs_cssize; 404185222Ssam blks = howmany(size, sblock.fs_fsize); 405185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) 406185222Ssam size += sblock.fs_ncg * sizeof(int32_t); 407332981Sbenno space = ecalloc(1, size); 408185222Ssam sblock.fs_csp = space; 409185222Ssam space = (char *)space + sblock.fs_cssize; 410185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) { 411185222Ssam int32_t *lp; 412185222Ssam 413185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxcluster = lp = space; 414185222Ssam for (i = 0; i < sblock.fs_ncg; i++) 415185222Ssam *lp++ = sblock.fs_contigsumsize; 416185222Ssam } 417185222Ssam 418185222Ssam sblock.fs_sbsize = fragroundup(&sblock, sizeof(struct fs)); 419185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_sbsize > SBLOCKSIZE) 420185222Ssam sblock.fs_sbsize = SBLOCKSIZE; 421185222Ssam sblock.fs_minfree = minfree; 422185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxcontig = maxcontig; 423185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxbpg = maxbpg; 424185222Ssam sblock.fs_optim = opt; 425185222Ssam sblock.fs_cgrotor = 0; 426185222Ssam sblock.fs_pendingblocks = 0; 427185222Ssam sblock.fs_pendinginodes = 0; 428185222Ssam sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir = 0; 429185222Ssam sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree = 0; 430185222Ssam sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree = 0; 431185222Ssam sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree = 0; 432185222Ssam sblock.fs_fmod = 0; 433185222Ssam sblock.fs_ronly = 0; 434185222Ssam sblock.fs_state = 0; 435185222Ssam sblock.fs_clean = FS_ISCLEAN; 436185222Ssam sblock.fs_ronly = 0; 437301879Semaste sblock.fs_id[0] = tstamp; 438185222Ssam sblock.fs_id[1] = random(); 439185222Ssam sblock.fs_fsmnt[0] = '\0'; 440185222Ssam csfrags = howmany(sblock.fs_cssize, sblock.fs_fsize); 441185222Ssam sblock.fs_dsize = sblock.fs_size - sblock.fs_sblkno - 442185222Ssam sblock.fs_ncg * (sblock.fs_dblkno - sblock.fs_sblkno); 443185222Ssam sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree = 444185222Ssam fragstoblks(&sblock, sblock.fs_dsize) - 445185222Ssam howmany(csfrags, sblock.fs_frag); 446185222Ssam sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree = 447185222Ssam fragnum(&sblock, sblock.fs_size) + 448185222Ssam (fragnum(&sblock, csfrags) > 0 ? 449185222Ssam sblock.fs_frag - fragnum(&sblock, csfrags) : 0); 450185222Ssam sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree = sblock.fs_ncg * sblock.fs_ipg - ROOTINO; 451185222Ssam sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir = 0; 452185222Ssam sblock.fs_dsize -= csfrags; 453301879Semaste sblock.fs_time = tstamp; 454185222Ssam if (Oflag <= 1) { 455301879Semaste sblock.fs_old_time = tstamp; 456185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_dsize = sblock.fs_dsize; 457185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_csaddr = sblock.fs_csaddr; 458185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_ndir = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir; 459185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nbfree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree; 460185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nifree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree; 461185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nffree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree; 462185222Ssam } 463185222Ssam /* 464185222Ssam * Dump out summary information about file system. 465185222Ssam */ 466185222Ssam#define B2MBFACTOR (1 / (1024.0 * 1024.0)) 467185222Ssam printf("%s: %.1fMB (%lld sectors) block size %d, " 468185222Ssam "fragment size %d\n", 469185222Ssam fsys, (float)sblock.fs_size * sblock.fs_fsize * B2MBFACTOR, 470185222Ssam (long long)fsbtodb(&sblock, sblock.fs_size), 471185222Ssam sblock.fs_bsize, sblock.fs_fsize); 472185222Ssam printf("\tusing %d cylinder groups of %.2fMB, %d blks, " 473185222Ssam "%d inodes.\n", 474185222Ssam sblock.fs_ncg, 475185222Ssam (float)sblock.fs_fpg * sblock.fs_fsize * B2MBFACTOR, 476185222Ssam sblock.fs_fpg / sblock.fs_frag, sblock.fs_ipg); 477185222Ssam#undef B2MBFACTOR 478185222Ssam /* 479185222Ssam * Now determine how wide each column will be, and calculate how 480185222Ssam * many columns will fit in a 76 char line. 76 is the width of the 481185222Ssam * subwindows in sysinst. 482185222Ssam */ 483185222Ssam printcolwidth = count_digits( 484185222Ssam fsbtodb(&sblock, cgsblock(&sblock, sblock.fs_ncg -1))); 485185222Ssam nprintcols = 76 / (printcolwidth + 2); 486185222Ssam 487185222Ssam /* 488185222Ssam * allocate space for superblock, cylinder group map, and 489185222Ssam * two sets of inode blocks. 490185222Ssam */ 491185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_bsize < SBLOCKSIZE) 492185222Ssam iobufsize = SBLOCKSIZE + 3 * sblock.fs_bsize; 493185222Ssam else 494185222Ssam iobufsize = 4 * sblock.fs_bsize; 495332981Sbenno iobuf = ecalloc(1, iobufsize); 496185222Ssam /* 497185222Ssam * Make a copy of the superblock into the buffer that we will be 498185222Ssam * writing out in each cylinder group. 499185222Ssam */ 500185222Ssam memcpy(writebuf, &sblock, sbsize); 501185222Ssam if (fsopts->needswap) 502185222Ssam ffs_sb_swap(&sblock, (struct fs*)writebuf); 503185222Ssam memcpy(iobuf, writebuf, SBLOCKSIZE); 504185222Ssam 505185222Ssam printf("super-block backups (for fsck -b #) at:"); 506185222Ssam for (cylno = 0; cylno < sblock.fs_ncg; cylno++) { 507301879Semaste initcg(cylno, tstamp, fsopts); 508185222Ssam if (cylno % nprintcols == 0) 509185222Ssam printf("\n"); 510185222Ssam printf(" %*lld,", printcolwidth, 511185222Ssam (long long)fsbtodb(&sblock, cgsblock(&sblock, cylno))); 512185222Ssam fflush(stdout); 513185222Ssam } 514185222Ssam printf("\n"); 515185222Ssam 516185222Ssam /* 517185222Ssam * Now construct the initial file system, 518185222Ssam * then write out the super-block. 519185222Ssam */ 520301879Semaste sblock.fs_time = tstamp; 521185222Ssam if (Oflag <= 1) { 522185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_ndir = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir; 523185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nbfree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree; 524185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nifree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree; 525185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nffree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree; 526185222Ssam } 527185222Ssam if (fsopts->needswap) 528185222Ssam sblock.fs_flags |= FS_SWAPPED; 529185222Ssam ffs_write_superblock(&sblock, fsopts); 530185222Ssam return (&sblock); 531185222Ssam} 532185222Ssam 533185222Ssam/* 534185222Ssam * Write out the superblock and its duplicates, 535185222Ssam * and the cylinder group summaries 536185222Ssam */ 537185222Ssamvoid 538185222Ssamffs_write_superblock(struct fs *fs, const fsinfo_t *fsopts) 539185222Ssam{ 540185222Ssam int cylno, size, blks, i, saveflag; 541185222Ssam void *space; 542185222Ssam char *wrbuf; 543185222Ssam 544185222Ssam saveflag = fs->fs_flags & FS_INTERNAL; 545185222Ssam fs->fs_flags &= ~FS_INTERNAL; 546185222Ssam 547185222Ssam memcpy(writebuf, &sblock, sbsize); 548185222Ssam if (fsopts->needswap) 549185222Ssam ffs_sb_swap(fs, (struct fs*)writebuf); 550185222Ssam ffs_wtfs(fs->fs_sblockloc / sectorsize, sbsize, writebuf, fsopts); 551185222Ssam 552185222Ssam /* Write out the duplicate super blocks */ 553185222Ssam for (cylno = 0; cylno < fs->fs_ncg; cylno++) 554185222Ssam ffs_wtfs(fsbtodb(fs, cgsblock(fs, cylno)), 555185222Ssam sbsize, writebuf, fsopts); 556185222Ssam 557185222Ssam /* Write out the cylinder group summaries */ 558185222Ssam size = fs->fs_cssize; 559185222Ssam blks = howmany(size, fs->fs_fsize); 560185222Ssam space = (void *)fs->fs_csp; 561332981Sbenno wrbuf = emalloc(size); 562185222Ssam for (i = 0; i < blks; i+= fs->fs_frag) { 563185222Ssam size = fs->fs_bsize; 564185222Ssam if (i + fs->fs_frag > blks) 565185222Ssam size = (blks - i) * fs->fs_fsize; 566185222Ssam if (fsopts->needswap) 567185222Ssam ffs_csum_swap((struct csum *)space, 568185222Ssam (struct csum *)wrbuf, size); 569185222Ssam else 570185222Ssam memcpy(wrbuf, space, (u_int)size); 571185222Ssam ffs_wtfs(fsbtodb(fs, fs->fs_csaddr + i), size, wrbuf, fsopts); 572185222Ssam space = (char *)space + size; 573185222Ssam } 574185222Ssam free(wrbuf); 575185222Ssam fs->fs_flags |= saveflag; 576185222Ssam} 577185222Ssam 578185222Ssam/* 579185222Ssam * Initialize a cylinder group. 580185222Ssam */ 581185222Ssamstatic void 582185222Ssaminitcg(int cylno, time_t utime, const fsinfo_t *fsopts) 583185222Ssam{ 584185222Ssam daddr_t cbase, dmax; 585185222Ssam int32_t i, j, d, dlower, dupper, blkno; 586185222Ssam struct ufs1_dinode *dp1; 587185222Ssam struct ufs2_dinode *dp2; 588185222Ssam int start; 589185222Ssam 590185222Ssam /* 591185222Ssam * Determine block bounds for cylinder group. 592185222Ssam * Allow space for super block summary information in first 593185222Ssam * cylinder group. 594185222Ssam */ 595185222Ssam cbase = cgbase(&sblock, cylno); 596185222Ssam dmax = cbase + sblock.fs_fpg; 597185222Ssam if (dmax > sblock.fs_size) 598185222Ssam dmax = sblock.fs_size; 599185222Ssam dlower = cgsblock(&sblock, cylno) - cbase; 600185222Ssam dupper = cgdmin(&sblock, cylno) - cbase; 601185222Ssam if (cylno == 0) 602185222Ssam dupper += howmany(sblock.fs_cssize, sblock.fs_fsize); 603185222Ssam memset(&acg, 0, sblock.fs_cgsize); 604185222Ssam acg.cg_time = utime; 605185222Ssam acg.cg_magic = CG_MAGIC; 606185222Ssam acg.cg_cgx = cylno; 607185222Ssam acg.cg_niblk = sblock.fs_ipg; 608298911Saraujo acg.cg_initediblk = MIN(sblock.fs_ipg, 2 * INOPB(&sblock)); 609185222Ssam acg.cg_ndblk = dmax - cbase; 610185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) 611185222Ssam acg.cg_nclusterblks = acg.cg_ndblk >> sblock.fs_fragshift; 612185222Ssam start = &acg.cg_space[0] - (u_char *)(&acg.cg_firstfield); 613185222Ssam if (Oflag == 2) { 614185222Ssam acg.cg_iusedoff = start; 615185222Ssam } else { 616185222Ssam if (cylno == sblock.fs_ncg - 1) 617185222Ssam acg.cg_old_ncyl = howmany(acg.cg_ndblk, 618185222Ssam sblock.fs_fpg / sblock.fs_old_cpg); 619185222Ssam else 620185222Ssam acg.cg_old_ncyl = sblock.fs_old_cpg; 621185222Ssam acg.cg_old_time = acg.cg_time; 622185222Ssam acg.cg_time = 0; 623185222Ssam acg.cg_old_niblk = acg.cg_niblk; 624185222Ssam acg.cg_niblk = 0; 625185222Ssam acg.cg_initediblk = 0; 626185222Ssam acg.cg_old_btotoff = start; 627185222Ssam acg.cg_old_boff = acg.cg_old_btotoff + 628185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cpg * sizeof(int32_t); 629185222Ssam acg.cg_iusedoff = acg.cg_old_boff + 630185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cpg * sizeof(u_int16_t); 631185222Ssam } 632185222Ssam acg.cg_freeoff = acg.cg_iusedoff + howmany(sblock.fs_ipg, CHAR_BIT); 633185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize <= 0) { 634185222Ssam acg.cg_nextfreeoff = acg.cg_freeoff + 635185222Ssam howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, CHAR_BIT); 636185222Ssam } else { 637185222Ssam acg.cg_clustersumoff = acg.cg_freeoff + 638185222Ssam howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, CHAR_BIT) - sizeof(int32_t); 639185222Ssam acg.cg_clustersumoff = 640185222Ssam roundup(acg.cg_clustersumoff, sizeof(int32_t)); 641185222Ssam acg.cg_clusteroff = acg.cg_clustersumoff + 642185222Ssam (sblock.fs_contigsumsize + 1) * sizeof(int32_t); 643185222Ssam acg.cg_nextfreeoff = acg.cg_clusteroff + 644185222Ssam howmany(fragstoblks(&sblock, sblock.fs_fpg), CHAR_BIT); 645185222Ssam } 646185222Ssam if (acg.cg_nextfreeoff > sblock.fs_cgsize) { 647185222Ssam printf("Panic: cylinder group too big\n"); 648185222Ssam exit(37); 649185222Ssam } 650185222Ssam acg.cg_cs.cs_nifree += sblock.fs_ipg; 651185222Ssam if (cylno == 0) 652185222Ssam for (i = 0; i < ROOTINO; i++) { 653186261Ssam setbit(cg_inosused_swap(&acg, 0), i); 654185222Ssam acg.cg_cs.cs_nifree--; 655185222Ssam } 656185222Ssam if (cylno > 0) { 657185222Ssam /* 658185222Ssam * In cylno 0, beginning space is reserved 659185222Ssam * for boot and super blocks. 660185222Ssam */ 661185222Ssam for (d = 0, blkno = 0; d < dlower;) { 662186261Ssam ffs_setblock(&sblock, cg_blksfree_swap(&acg, 0), blkno); 663185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) 664186261Ssam setbit(cg_clustersfree_swap(&acg, 0), blkno); 665185222Ssam acg.cg_cs.cs_nbfree++; 666185222Ssam d += sblock.fs_frag; 667185222Ssam blkno++; 668185222Ssam } 669185222Ssam } 670185222Ssam if ((i = (dupper & (sblock.fs_frag - 1))) != 0) { 671185222Ssam acg.cg_frsum[sblock.fs_frag - i]++; 672185222Ssam for (d = dupper + sblock.fs_frag - i; dupper < d; dupper++) { 673186261Ssam setbit(cg_blksfree_swap(&acg, 0), dupper); 674185222Ssam acg.cg_cs.cs_nffree++; 675185222Ssam } 676185222Ssam } 677185222Ssam for (d = dupper, blkno = dupper >> sblock.fs_fragshift; 678185222Ssam d + sblock.fs_frag <= acg.cg_ndblk; ) { 679186261Ssam ffs_setblock(&sblock, cg_blksfree_swap(&acg, 0), blkno); 680185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) 681186261Ssam setbit(cg_clustersfree_swap(&acg, 0), blkno); 682185222Ssam acg.cg_cs.cs_nbfree++; 683185222Ssam d += sblock.fs_frag; 684185222Ssam blkno++; 685185222Ssam } 686185222Ssam if (d < acg.cg_ndblk) { 687185222Ssam acg.cg_frsum[acg.cg_ndblk - d]++; 688185222Ssam for (; d < acg.cg_ndblk; d++) { 689186261Ssam setbit(cg_blksfree_swap(&acg, 0), d); 690185222Ssam acg.cg_cs.cs_nffree++; 691185222Ssam } 692185222Ssam } 693185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) { 694186261Ssam int32_t *sump = cg_clustersum_swap(&acg, 0); 695186261Ssam u_char *mapp = cg_clustersfree_swap(&acg, 0); 696185222Ssam int map = *mapp++; 697185222Ssam int bit = 1; 698185222Ssam int run = 0; 699185222Ssam 700185222Ssam for (i = 0; i < acg.cg_nclusterblks; i++) { 701185222Ssam if ((map & bit) != 0) { 702185222Ssam run++; 703185222Ssam } else if (run != 0) { 704185222Ssam if (run > sblock.fs_contigsumsize) 705185222Ssam run = sblock.fs_contigsumsize; 706185222Ssam sump[run]++; 707185222Ssam run = 0; 708185222Ssam } 709185222Ssam if ((i & (CHAR_BIT - 1)) != (CHAR_BIT - 1)) { 710185222Ssam bit <<= 1; 711185222Ssam } else { 712185222Ssam map = *mapp++; 713185222Ssam bit = 1; 714185222Ssam } 715185222Ssam } 716185222Ssam if (run != 0) { 717185222Ssam if (run > sblock.fs_contigsumsize) 718185222Ssam run = sblock.fs_contigsumsize; 719185222Ssam sump[run]++; 720185222Ssam } 721185222Ssam } 722185222Ssam sblock.fs_cs(&sblock, cylno) = acg.cg_cs; 723185222Ssam /* 724185222Ssam * Write out the duplicate super block, the cylinder group map 725185222Ssam * and two blocks worth of inodes in a single write. 726185222Ssam */ 727298911Saraujo start = MAX(sblock.fs_bsize, SBLOCKSIZE); 728185222Ssam memcpy(&iobuf[start], &acg, sblock.fs_cgsize); 729185222Ssam if (fsopts->needswap) 730185222Ssam ffs_cg_swap(&acg, (struct cg*)&iobuf[start], &sblock); 731185222Ssam start += sblock.fs_bsize; 732185222Ssam dp1 = (struct ufs1_dinode *)(&iobuf[start]); 733185222Ssam dp2 = (struct ufs2_dinode *)(&iobuf[start]); 734185222Ssam for (i = 0; i < acg.cg_initediblk; i++) { 735185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC) { 736185222Ssam /* No need to swap, it'll stay random */ 737185222Ssam dp1->di_gen = random(); 738185222Ssam dp1++; 739185222Ssam } else { 740185222Ssam dp2->di_gen = random(); 741185222Ssam dp2++; 742185222Ssam } 743185222Ssam } 744185222Ssam ffs_wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, cgsblock(&sblock, cylno)), iobufsize, iobuf, 745185222Ssam fsopts); 746185222Ssam /* 747185222Ssam * For the old file system, we have to initialize all the inodes. 748185222Ssam */ 749185222Ssam if (Oflag <= 1) { 750185222Ssam for (i = 2 * sblock.fs_frag; 751185222Ssam i < sblock.fs_ipg / INOPF(&sblock); 752185222Ssam i += sblock.fs_frag) { 753185222Ssam dp1 = (struct ufs1_dinode *)(&iobuf[start]); 754185222Ssam for (j = 0; j < INOPB(&sblock); j++) { 755185222Ssam dp1->di_gen = random(); 756185222Ssam dp1++; 757185222Ssam } 758185222Ssam ffs_wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, cgimin(&sblock, cylno) + i), 759185222Ssam sblock.fs_bsize, &iobuf[start], fsopts); 760185222Ssam } 761185222Ssam } 762185222Ssam} 763185222Ssam 764185222Ssam/* 765185222Ssam * read a block from the file system 766185222Ssam */ 767185222Ssamvoid 768185222Ssamffs_rdfs(daddr_t bno, int size, void *bf, const fsinfo_t *fsopts) 769185222Ssam{ 770185222Ssam int n; 771185222Ssam off_t offset; 772185222Ssam 773185222Ssam offset = bno; 774185222Ssam offset *= fsopts->sectorsize; 775185222Ssam if (lseek(fsopts->fd, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0) 776185222Ssam err(1, "ffs_rdfs: seek error for sector %lld: %s\n", 777185222Ssam (long long)bno, strerror(errno)); 778185222Ssam n = read(fsopts->fd, bf, size); 779185222Ssam if (n == -1) { 780185222Ssam abort(); 781185222Ssam err(1, "ffs_rdfs: read error bno %lld size %d", (long long)bno, 782185222Ssam size); 783185222Ssam } 784185222Ssam else if (n != size) 785185222Ssam errx(1, "ffs_rdfs: read error for sector %lld: %s\n", 786185222Ssam (long long)bno, strerror(errno)); 787185222Ssam} 788185222Ssam 789185222Ssam/* 790185222Ssam * write a block to the file system 791185222Ssam */ 792185222Ssamvoid 793185222Ssamffs_wtfs(daddr_t bno, int size, void *bf, const fsinfo_t *fsopts) 794185222Ssam{ 795185222Ssam int n; 796185222Ssam off_t offset; 797185222Ssam 798185222Ssam offset = bno; 799185222Ssam offset *= fsopts->sectorsize; 800185222Ssam if (lseek(fsopts->fd, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0) 801185222Ssam err(1, "wtfs: seek error for sector %lld: %s\n", 802185222Ssam (long long)bno, strerror(errno)); 803185222Ssam n = write(fsopts->fd, bf, size); 804185222Ssam if (n == -1) 805185222Ssam err(1, "wtfs: write error for sector %lld: %s\n", 806185222Ssam (long long)bno, strerror(errno)); 807185222Ssam else if (n != size) 808185222Ssam errx(1, "wtfs: write error for sector %lld: %s\n", 809185222Ssam (long long)bno, strerror(errno)); 810185222Ssam} 811185222Ssam 812185222Ssam 813185222Ssam/* Determine how many digits are needed to print a given integer */ 814185222Ssamstatic int 815185222Ssamcount_digits(int num) 816185222Ssam{ 817185222Ssam int ndig; 818185222Ssam 819185222Ssam for(ndig = 1; num > 9; num /=10, ndig++); 820185222Ssam 821185222Ssam return (ndig); 822185222Ssam} 823185222Ssam 824185222Ssamstatic int 825185222Ssamilog2(int val) 826185222Ssam{ 827185222Ssam u_int n; 828185222Ssam 829185222Ssam for (n = 0; n < sizeof(n) * CHAR_BIT; n++) 830185222Ssam if (1 << n == val) 831185222Ssam return (n); 832185222Ssam errx(1, "ilog2: %d is not a power of 2\n", val); 833185222Ssam} 834