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@(#)rs.1 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/30/93
$FreeBSD: releng/10.3/usr.bin/rs/rs.1 281574 2015-04-16 00:34:41Z allanjude $
.Dd April 7, 2015 .Dt RS 1 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm rs .Nd reshape a data array .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Oo .Fl Oo Cm csCS Oc Ns Op Ar x .Oo Cm kKgGw Oc Ns Op Ar N .Cm tTeEnyjhHmz .Oc .Op Ar rows Op Ar cols .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Nm utility reads the standard input, interpreting each line as a row of blank-separated entries in an array, transforms the array according to the options, and writes it on the standard output. With no arguments it transforms stream input into a columnar format convenient for terminal viewing.
p The shape of the input array is deduced from the number of lines and the number of columns on the first line. If that shape is inconvenient, a more useful one might be obtained by skipping some of the input with the .Fl k option. Other options control interpretation of the input columns.
p The shape of the output array is influenced by the .Ar rows and .Ar cols specifications, which should be positive integers. If only one of them is a positive integer, .Nm computes a value for the other which will accommodate all of the data. When necessary, missing data are supplied in a manner specified by the options and surplus data are deleted. There are options to control presentation of the output columns, including transposition of the rows and columns.
p The following options are available: l -tag -width indent t Fl c Ns Ar x Input columns are delimited by the single character .Ar x . A missing .Ar x is taken to be `^I'. t Fl s Ns Ar x Like .Fl c , but maximal strings of .Ar x are delimiters. t Fl C Ns Ar x Output columns are delimited by the single character .Ar x . A missing .Ar x is taken to be `^I'. t Fl S Ns Ar x Like .Fl C , but padded strings of .Ar x are delimiters. t Fl t Fill in the rows of the output array using the columns of the input array, that is, transpose the input while honoring any .Ar rows and .Ar cols specifications. t Fl T Print the pure transpose of the input, ignoring any .Ar rows or .Ar cols specification. t Fl k Ns Ar N Ignore the first .Ar N lines of input. t Fl K Ns Ar N Like .Fl k , but print the ignored lines. t Fl g Ns Ar N The gutter width (inter-column space), normally 2, is taken to be .Ar N . t Fl G Ns Ar N The gutter width has .Ar N percent of the maximum column width added to it. t Fl e Consider each line of input as an array entry. t Fl n On lines having fewer entries than the first line, use null entries to pad out the line. Normally, missing entries are taken from the next line of input. t Fl y If there are too few entries to make up the output dimensions, pad the output by recycling the input from the beginning. Normally, the output is padded with blanks. t Fl h Print the shape of the input array and do nothing else. The shape is just the number of lines and the number of entries on the first line. t Fl H Like .Fl h , but also print the length of each line. t Fl j Right adjust entries within columns. t Fl w Ns Ar N The width of the display, normally 80, is taken to be the positive integer .Ar N . t Fl m Do not trim excess delimiters from the ends of the output array. t Fl z Adapt column widths to fit the largest entries appearing in them. .El
p With no arguments, .Nm transposes its input, and assumes one array entry per input line unless the first non-ignored line is longer than the display width. Option letters which take numerical arguments interpret a missing number as zero unless otherwise indicated. .Sh EXAMPLES The .Nm utility can be used as a filter to convert the stream output of certain programs (e.g., .Xr spell 1 , .Xr du 1 , .Xr file 1 , .Xr look 1 , .Xr nm 1 , .Xr who 1 , and .Xr wc 1 ) into a convenient ``window'' format, as in d -literal -offset indent % who | rs .Ed
p This function has been incorporated into the .Xr ls 1 program, though for most programs with similar output .Nm suffices.
p To convert stream input into vector output and back again, use d -literal -offset indent % rs 1 0 | rs 0 1 .Ed
p A 10 by 10 array of random numbers from 1 to 100 and its transpose can be generated with d -literal -offset indent % jot -r 100 | rs 10 10 | tee array | rs -T > tarray .Ed
p In the editor .Xr vi 1 , a file consisting of a multi-line vector with 9 elements per line can undergo insertions and deletions, and then be neatly reshaped into 9 columns with d -literal -offset indent :1,$!rs 0 9 .Ed
p Finally, to sort a database by the first line of each 4-line field, try d -literal -offset indent % rs -eC 0 4 | sort | rs -c 0 1 .Ed .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr jot 1 , .Xr pr 1 , .Xr sort 1 , .Xr vi 1 .Sh HISTORY The .Nm utility first appeared in x 4.2 . .Sh AUTHORS .An John A. Kunze .Sh BUGS l -item t Handles only two dimensional arrays. t The algorithm currently reads the whole file into memory, so files that do not fit in memory will not be reshaped. t Fields cannot be defined yet on character positions. t Re-ordering of columns is not yet possible. t There are too many options. t Multibyte characters are not recognized. t Lines longer than .Dv LINE_MAX (2048) bytes are not processed and result in immediate termination of .Nm . .El