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$FreeBSD: releng/10.2/share/man/man9/kproc.9 233648 2012-03-29 05:02:12Z eadler $
.Dd October 19, 2007 .Dt KPROC 9 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm kproc_start , .Nm kproc_shutdown , .Nm kproc_create , .Nm kproc_exit , .Nm kproc_resume , .Nm kproc_suspend , .Nm kproc_suspend_check .Nd "kernel processes" .Sh SYNOPSIS n sys/kthread.h .Ft void .Fn kproc_start "const void *udata" .Ft void .Fn kproc_shutdown "void *arg" "int howto" .Ft int .Fo kproc_create .Fa "void (*func)(void *)" "void *arg" "struct proc **newpp" .Fa "int flags" "int pages" .Fa "const char *fmt" ... .Fc .Ft void .Fn kproc_exit "int ecode" .Ft int .Fn kproc_resume "struct proc *p" .Ft int .Fn kproc_suspend "struct proc *p" "int timo" .Ft void .Fn kproc_suspend_check "struct proc *p" .Ft int .Fo kproc_kthread_add .Fa "void (*func)(void *)" "void *arg" .Fa "struct proc **procptr" "struct thread **tdptr" .Fa "int flags" "int pages" "char * procname" "const char *fmt" "..." .Fc .Sh DESCRIPTION In .Fx 8.0 , the .Fn kthread* 9 family of functions was renamed to be the .Fn kproc* 9 family of functions, as they were misnamed and actually produced kernel processes. A new family of .Em different .Fn kthread_* 9 functions was added to produce .Em real kernel .Em threads . See the .Xr kthread 9 man page for more information on those calls. Also note that the .Fn kproc_kthread_add 9 function appears in both pages as its functionality is split.
p The function .Fn kproc_start is used to start .Dq internal daemons such as .Nm bufdaemon , pagedaemon , vmdaemon , and the .Nm syncer and is intended to be called from .Xr SYSINIT 9 . The .Fa udata argument is actually a pointer to a .Vt "struct kproc_desc" which describes the kernel process that should be created: d -literal -offset indent struct kproc_desc { char *arg0; void (*func)(void); struct proc **global_procpp; }; .Ed
p The structure members are used by .Fn kproc_start as follows: l -tag -width ".Va global_procpp" -offset indent t Va arg0 String to be used for the name of the process. This string will be copied into the .Va p_comm member of the new process' .Vt "struct proc" . t Va func The main function for this kernel process to run. t Va global_procpp A pointer to a .Vt "struct proc" pointer that should be updated to point to the newly created process' process structure. If this variable is .Dv NULL , then it is ignored. .El
p The .Fn kproc_create function is used to create a kernel process. The new process shares its address space with process 0, the .Nm swapper process, and runs in kernel mode only. The .Fa func argument specifies the function that the process should execute. The .Fa arg argument is an arbitrary pointer that is passed in as the only argument to .Fa func when it is called by the new process. The .Fa newpp pointer points to a .Vt "struct proc" pointer that is to be updated to point to the newly created process. If this argument is .Dv NULL , then it is ignored. The .Fa flags argument specifies a set of flags as described in .Xr rfork 2 . The .Fa pages argument specifies the size of the new kernel process's stack in pages. If 0 is used, the default kernel stack size is allocated. The rest of the arguments form a .Xr printf 9 argument list that is used to build the name of the new process and is stored in the .Va p_comm member of the new process's .Vt "struct proc" .
p The .Fn kproc_exit function is used to terminate kernel processes. It should be called by the main function of the kernel process rather than letting the main function return to its caller. The .Fa ecode argument specifies the exit status of the process. While exiting, the function .Xr exit1 9 will initiate a call to .Xr wakeup 9 on the process handle.
p The .Fn kproc_resume , .Fn kproc_suspend , and .Fn kproc_suspend_check functions are used to suspend and resume a kernel process. During the main loop of its execution, a kernel process that wishes to allow itself to be suspended should call .Fn kproc_suspend_check passing in .Va curproc as the only argument. This function checks to see if the kernel process has been asked to suspend. If it has, it will .Xr tsleep 9 until it is told to resume. Once it has been told to resume it will return allowing execution of the kernel process to continue. The other two functions are used to notify a kernel process of a suspend or resume request. The .Fa p argument points to the .Vt "struct proc" of the kernel process to suspend or resume. For .Fn kproc_suspend , the .Fa timo argument specifies a timeout to wait for the kernel process to acknowledge the suspend request and suspend itself.
p The .Fn kproc_shutdown function is meant to be registered as a shutdown event for kernel processes that need to be suspended voluntarily during system shutdown so as not to interfere with system shutdown activities. The actual suspension of the kernel process is done with .Fn kproc_suspend .
p The .Fn kproc_kthread_add function is much like the .Fn kproc_create function above except that if the kproc already exists, then only a new thread (see .Xr kthread 9 ) is created on the existing process. The .Fa func argument specifies the function that the process should execute. The .Fa arg argument is an arbitrary pointer that is passed in as the only argument to .Fa func when it is called by the new process. The .Fa procptr pointer points to a .Vt "struct proc" pointer that is the location to be updated with the new proc pointer if a new process is created, or if not .Dv NULL , must contain the process pointer for the already existing process. If this argument points to .Dv NULL , then a new process is created and the field updated. If not NULL, the .Fa tdptr pointer points to a .Vt "struct thread" pointer that is the location to be updated with the new thread pointer. The .Fa flags argument specifies a set of flags as described in .Xr rfork 2 . The .Fa pages argument specifies the size of the new kernel thread's stack in pages. If 0 is used, the default kernel stack size is allocated. The procname argument is the name the new process should be given if it needs to be created. It is .Em NOT a printf style format specifier but a simple string. The rest of the arguments form a .Xr printf 9 argument list that is used to build the name of the new thread and is stored in the .Va td_name member of the new thread's .Vt "struct thread" . .Sh RETURN VALUES The .Fn kproc_create , .Fn kproc_resume , and .Fn kproc_suspend functions return zero on success and non-zero on failure. .Sh EXAMPLES This example demonstrates the use of a .Vt "struct kproc_desc" and the functions .Fn kproc_start , .Fn kproc_shutdown , and .Fn kproc_suspend_check to run the .Nm bufdaemon process. d -literal -offset indent static struct proc *bufdaemonproc; static struct kproc_desc buf_kp = { "bufdaemon", buf_daemon, &bufdaemonproc }; SYSINIT(bufdaemon, SI_SUB_KTHREAD_BUF, SI_ORDER_FIRST, kproc_start, &buf_kp) static void buf_daemon() { ... /* * This process needs to be suspended prior to shutdown sync. */ EVENTHANDLER_REGISTER(shutdown_pre_sync, kproc_shutdown, bufdaemonproc, SHUTDOWN_PRI_LAST); ... for (;;) { kproc_suspend_check(bufdaemonproc); ... } } .Ed .Sh ERRORS The .Fn kproc_resume and .Fn kproc_suspend functions will fail if: l -tag -width Er t Bq Er EINVAL The .Fa p argument does not reference a kernel process. .El
p The .Fn kproc_create function will fail if: l -tag -width Er t Bq Er EAGAIN The system-imposed limit on the total number of processes under execution would be exceeded. The limit is given by the .Xr sysctl 3 MIB variable .Dv KERN_MAXPROC . t Bq Er EINVAL The .Dv RFCFDG flag was specified in the .Fa flags parameter. .El .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr rfork 2 , .Xr exit1 9 , .Xr kthread 9 , .Xr SYSINIT 9 , .Xr wakeup 9 .Sh HISTORY The .Fn kproc_start function first appeared in .Fx 2.2 . The .Fn kproc_shutdown , .Fn kproc_create , .Fn kproc_exit , .Fn kproc_resume , .Fn kproc_suspend , and .Fn kproc_suspend_check functions were introduced in .Fx 4.0 . Prior to .Fx 5.0 , the .Fn kproc_shutdown , .Fn kproc_resume , .Fn kproc_suspend , and .Fn kproc_suspend_check functions were named .Fn shutdown_kproc , .Fn resume_kproc , .Fn shutdown_kproc , and .Fn kproc_suspend_loop , respectively. Originally they had the names .Fn kthread_* but were changed to .Fn kproc_* when real kthreads became available.