1//===--- TransRetainReleaseDealloc.cpp - Transformations to ARC mode ------===//
2//
3//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4//
5// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7//
8//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9//
10// removeRetainReleaseDealloc:
11//
12// Removes retain/release/autorelease/dealloc messages.
13//
14//  return [[foo retain] autorelease];
15// ---->
16//  return foo;
17//
18//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
19
20#include "Transforms.h"
21#include "Internals.h"
22#include "clang/AST/ASTContext.h"
23#include "clang/AST/ParentMap.h"
24#include "clang/Basic/SourceManager.h"
25#include "clang/Lex/Lexer.h"
26#include "clang/Sema/SemaDiagnostic.h"
27#include "llvm/ADT/StringSwitch.h"
28
29using namespace clang;
30using namespace arcmt;
31using namespace trans;
32
33namespace {
34
35class RetainReleaseDeallocRemover :
36                       public RecursiveASTVisitor<RetainReleaseDeallocRemover> {
37  Stmt *Body;
38  MigrationPass &Pass;
39
40  ExprSet Removables;
41  OwningPtr<ParentMap> StmtMap;
42
43  Selector DelegateSel, FinalizeSel;
44
45public:
46  RetainReleaseDeallocRemover(MigrationPass &pass)
47    : Body(0), Pass(pass) {
48    DelegateSel =
49        Pass.Ctx.Selectors.getNullarySelector(&Pass.Ctx.Idents.get("delegate"));
50    FinalizeSel =
51        Pass.Ctx.Selectors.getNullarySelector(&Pass.Ctx.Idents.get("finalize"));
52  }
53
54  void transformBody(Stmt *body, Decl *ParentD) {
55    Body = body;
56    collectRemovables(body, Removables);
57    StmtMap.reset(new ParentMap(body));
58    TraverseStmt(body);
59  }
60
61  bool VisitObjCMessageExpr(ObjCMessageExpr *E) {
62    switch (E->getMethodFamily()) {
63    default:
64      if (E->isInstanceMessage() && E->getSelector() == FinalizeSel)
65        break;
66      return true;
67    case OMF_autorelease:
68      if (isRemovable(E)) {
69        if (!isCommonUnusedAutorelease(E)) {
70          // An unused autorelease is badness. If we remove it the receiver
71          // will likely die immediately while previously it was kept alive
72          // by the autorelease pool. This is bad practice in general, leave it
73          // and emit an error to force the user to restructure his code.
74          Pass.TA.reportError("it is not safe to remove an unused 'autorelease' "
75              "message; its receiver may be destroyed immediately",
76              E->getLocStart(), E->getSourceRange());
77          return true;
78        }
79      }
80      // Pass through.
81    case OMF_retain:
82    case OMF_release:
83      if (E->getReceiverKind() == ObjCMessageExpr::Instance)
84        if (Expr *rec = E->getInstanceReceiver()) {
85          rec = rec->IgnoreParenImpCasts();
86          if (rec->getType().getObjCLifetime() == Qualifiers::OCL_ExplicitNone &&
87              (E->getMethodFamily() != OMF_retain || isRemovable(E))) {
88            std::string err = "it is not safe to remove '";
89            err += E->getSelector().getAsString() + "' message on "
90                "an __unsafe_unretained type";
91            Pass.TA.reportError(err, rec->getLocStart());
92            return true;
93          }
94
95          if (isGlobalVar(rec) &&
96              (E->getMethodFamily() != OMF_retain || isRemovable(E))) {
97            std::string err = "it is not safe to remove '";
98            err += E->getSelector().getAsString() + "' message on "
99                "a global variable";
100            Pass.TA.reportError(err, rec->getLocStart());
101            return true;
102          }
103
104          if (E->getMethodFamily() == OMF_release && isDelegateMessage(rec)) {
105            Pass.TA.reportError("it is not safe to remove 'retain' "
106                "message on the result of a 'delegate' message; "
107                "the object that was passed to 'setDelegate:' may not be "
108                "properly retained", rec->getLocStart());
109            return true;
110          }
111        }
112    case OMF_dealloc:
113      break;
114    }
115
116    switch (E->getReceiverKind()) {
117    default:
118      return true;
119    case ObjCMessageExpr::SuperInstance: {
120      Transaction Trans(Pass.TA);
121      clearDiagnostics(E->getSelectorLoc(0));
122      if (tryRemoving(E))
123        return true;
124      Pass.TA.replace(E->getSourceRange(), "self");
125      return true;
126    }
127    case ObjCMessageExpr::Instance:
128      break;
129    }
130
131    Expr *rec = E->getInstanceReceiver();
132    if (!rec) return true;
133
134    Transaction Trans(Pass.TA);
135    clearDiagnostics(E->getSelectorLoc(0));
136
137    ObjCMessageExpr *Msg = E;
138    Expr *RecContainer = Msg;
139    SourceRange RecRange = rec->getSourceRange();
140    checkForGCDOrXPC(Msg, RecContainer, rec, RecRange);
141
142    if (Msg->getMethodFamily() == OMF_release &&
143        isRemovable(RecContainer) && isInAtFinally(RecContainer)) {
144      // Change the -release to "receiver = nil" in a finally to avoid a leak
145      // when an exception is thrown.
146      Pass.TA.replace(RecContainer->getSourceRange(), RecRange);
147      std::string str = " = ";
148      str += getNilString(Pass.Ctx);
149      Pass.TA.insertAfterToken(RecRange.getEnd(), str);
150      return true;
151    }
152
153    if (!hasSideEffects(rec, Pass.Ctx)) {
154      if (tryRemoving(RecContainer))
155        return true;
156    }
157    Pass.TA.replace(RecContainer->getSourceRange(), RecRange);
158
159    return true;
160  }
161
162private:
163  /// \brief Checks for idioms where an unused -autorelease is common.
164  ///
165  /// Returns true for this idiom which is common in property
166  /// setters:
167  ///
168  ///   [backingValue autorelease];
169  ///   backingValue = [newValue retain]; // in general a +1 assign
170  ///
171  /// For these as well:
172  ///
173  ///   [[var retain] autorelease];
174  ///   return var;
175  ///
176  bool isCommonUnusedAutorelease(ObjCMessageExpr *E) {
177    if (isPlusOneAssignBeforeOrAfterAutorelease(E))
178      return true;
179    if (isReturnedAfterAutorelease(E))
180      return true;
181    return false;
182  }
183
184  bool isReturnedAfterAutorelease(ObjCMessageExpr *E) {
185    Expr *Rec = E->getInstanceReceiver();
186    if (!Rec)
187      return false;
188
189    Decl *RefD = getReferencedDecl(Rec);
190    if (!RefD)
191      return false;
192
193    Stmt *nextStmt = getNextStmt(E);
194    if (!nextStmt)
195      return false;
196
197    // Check for "return <variable>;".
198
199    if (ReturnStmt *RetS = dyn_cast<ReturnStmt>(nextStmt))
200      return RefD == getReferencedDecl(RetS->getRetValue());
201
202    return false;
203  }
204
205  bool isPlusOneAssignBeforeOrAfterAutorelease(ObjCMessageExpr *E) {
206    Expr *Rec = E->getInstanceReceiver();
207    if (!Rec)
208      return false;
209
210    Decl *RefD = getReferencedDecl(Rec);
211    if (!RefD)
212      return false;
213
214    Stmt *prevStmt, *nextStmt;
215    llvm::tie(prevStmt, nextStmt) = getPreviousAndNextStmt(E);
216
217    return isPlusOneAssignToVar(prevStmt, RefD) ||
218           isPlusOneAssignToVar(nextStmt, RefD);
219  }
220
221  bool isPlusOneAssignToVar(Stmt *S, Decl *RefD) {
222    if (!S)
223      return false;
224
225    // Check for "RefD = [+1 retained object];".
226
227    if (BinaryOperator *Bop = dyn_cast<BinaryOperator>(S)) {
228      if (RefD != getReferencedDecl(Bop->getLHS()))
229        return false;
230      if (isPlusOneAssign(Bop))
231        return true;
232      return false;
233    }
234
235    if (DeclStmt *DS = dyn_cast<DeclStmt>(S)) {
236      if (DS->isSingleDecl() && DS->getSingleDecl() == RefD) {
237        if (VarDecl *VD = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(RefD))
238          return isPlusOne(VD->getInit());
239      }
240      return false;
241    }
242
243    return false;
244  }
245
246  Stmt *getNextStmt(Expr *E) {
247    return getPreviousAndNextStmt(E).second;
248  }
249
250  std::pair<Stmt *, Stmt *> getPreviousAndNextStmt(Expr *E) {
251    Stmt *prevStmt = 0, *nextStmt = 0;
252    if (!E)
253      return std::make_pair(prevStmt, nextStmt);
254
255    Stmt *OuterS = E, *InnerS;
256    do {
257      InnerS = OuterS;
258      OuterS = StmtMap->getParent(InnerS);
259    }
260    while (OuterS && (isa<ParenExpr>(OuterS) ||
261                      isa<CastExpr>(OuterS) ||
262                      isa<ExprWithCleanups>(OuterS)));
263
264    if (!OuterS)
265      return std::make_pair(prevStmt, nextStmt);
266
267    Stmt::child_iterator currChildS = OuterS->child_begin();
268    Stmt::child_iterator childE = OuterS->child_end();
269    Stmt::child_iterator prevChildS = childE;
270    for (; currChildS != childE; ++currChildS) {
271      if (*currChildS == InnerS)
272        break;
273      prevChildS = currChildS;
274    }
275
276    if (prevChildS != childE) {
277      prevStmt = *prevChildS;
278      if (prevStmt)
279        prevStmt = prevStmt->IgnoreImplicit();
280    }
281
282    if (currChildS == childE)
283      return std::make_pair(prevStmt, nextStmt);
284    ++currChildS;
285    if (currChildS == childE)
286      return std::make_pair(prevStmt, nextStmt);
287
288    nextStmt = *currChildS;
289    if (nextStmt)
290      nextStmt = nextStmt->IgnoreImplicit();
291
292    return std::make_pair(prevStmt, nextStmt);
293  }
294
295  Decl *getReferencedDecl(Expr *E) {
296    if (!E)
297      return 0;
298
299    E = E->IgnoreParenCasts();
300    if (ObjCMessageExpr *ME = dyn_cast<ObjCMessageExpr>(E)) {
301      switch (ME->getMethodFamily()) {
302      case OMF_copy:
303      case OMF_autorelease:
304      case OMF_release:
305      case OMF_retain:
306        return getReferencedDecl(ME->getInstanceReceiver());
307      default:
308        return 0;
309      }
310    }
311    if (DeclRefExpr *DRE = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(E))
312      return DRE->getDecl();
313    if (MemberExpr *ME = dyn_cast<MemberExpr>(E))
314      return ME->getMemberDecl();
315    if (ObjCIvarRefExpr *IRE = dyn_cast<ObjCIvarRefExpr>(E))
316      return IRE->getDecl();
317
318    return 0;
319  }
320
321  /// \brief Check if the retain/release is due to a GCD/XPC macro that are
322  /// defined as:
323  ///
324  /// #define dispatch_retain(object) ({ dispatch_object_t _o = (object); _dispatch_object_validate(_o); (void)[_o retain]; })
325  /// #define dispatch_release(object) ({ dispatch_object_t _o = (object); _dispatch_object_validate(_o); [_o release]; })
326  /// #define xpc_retain(object) ({ xpc_object_t _o = (object); _xpc_object_validate(_o); [_o retain]; })
327  /// #define xpc_release(object) ({ xpc_object_t _o = (object); _xpc_object_validate(_o); [_o release]; })
328  ///
329  /// and return the top container which is the StmtExpr and the macro argument
330  /// expression.
331  void checkForGCDOrXPC(ObjCMessageExpr *Msg, Expr *&RecContainer,
332                        Expr *&Rec, SourceRange &RecRange) {
333    SourceLocation Loc = Msg->getExprLoc();
334    if (!Loc.isMacroID())
335      return;
336    SourceManager &SM = Pass.Ctx.getSourceManager();
337    StringRef MacroName = Lexer::getImmediateMacroName(Loc, SM,
338                                                     Pass.Ctx.getLangOpts());
339    bool isGCDOrXPC = llvm::StringSwitch<bool>(MacroName)
340        .Case("dispatch_retain", true)
341        .Case("dispatch_release", true)
342        .Case("xpc_retain", true)
343        .Case("xpc_release", true)
344        .Default(false);
345    if (!isGCDOrXPC)
346      return;
347
348    StmtExpr *StmtE = 0;
349    Stmt *S = Msg;
350    while (S) {
351      if (StmtExpr *SE = dyn_cast<StmtExpr>(S)) {
352        StmtE = SE;
353        break;
354      }
355      S = StmtMap->getParent(S);
356    }
357
358    if (!StmtE)
359      return;
360
361    Stmt::child_range StmtExprChild = StmtE->children();
362    if (!StmtExprChild)
363      return;
364    CompoundStmt *CompS = dyn_cast_or_null<CompoundStmt>(*StmtExprChild);
365    if (!CompS)
366      return;
367
368    Stmt::child_range CompStmtChild = CompS->children();
369    if (!CompStmtChild)
370      return;
371    DeclStmt *DeclS = dyn_cast_or_null<DeclStmt>(*CompStmtChild);
372    if (!DeclS)
373      return;
374    if (!DeclS->isSingleDecl())
375      return;
376    VarDecl *VD = dyn_cast_or_null<VarDecl>(DeclS->getSingleDecl());
377    if (!VD)
378      return;
379    Expr *Init = VD->getInit();
380    if (!Init)
381      return;
382
383    RecContainer = StmtE;
384    Rec = Init->IgnoreParenImpCasts();
385    if (ExprWithCleanups *EWC = dyn_cast<ExprWithCleanups>(Rec))
386      Rec = EWC->getSubExpr()->IgnoreParenImpCasts();
387    RecRange = Rec->getSourceRange();
388    if (SM.isMacroArgExpansion(RecRange.getBegin()))
389      RecRange.setBegin(SM.getImmediateSpellingLoc(RecRange.getBegin()));
390    if (SM.isMacroArgExpansion(RecRange.getEnd()))
391      RecRange.setEnd(SM.getImmediateSpellingLoc(RecRange.getEnd()));
392  }
393
394  void clearDiagnostics(SourceLocation loc) const {
395    Pass.TA.clearDiagnostic(diag::err_arc_illegal_explicit_message,
396                            diag::err_unavailable,
397                            diag::err_unavailable_message,
398                            loc);
399  }
400
401  bool isDelegateMessage(Expr *E) const {
402    if (!E) return false;
403
404    E = E->IgnoreParenCasts();
405
406    // Also look through property-getter sugar.
407    if (PseudoObjectExpr *pseudoOp = dyn_cast<PseudoObjectExpr>(E))
408      E = pseudoOp->getResultExpr()->IgnoreImplicit();
409
410    if (ObjCMessageExpr *ME = dyn_cast<ObjCMessageExpr>(E))
411      return (ME->isInstanceMessage() && ME->getSelector() == DelegateSel);
412
413    return false;
414  }
415
416  bool isInAtFinally(Expr *E) const {
417    assert(E);
418    Stmt *S = E;
419    while (S) {
420      if (isa<ObjCAtFinallyStmt>(S))
421        return true;
422      S = StmtMap->getParent(S);
423    }
424
425    return false;
426  }
427
428  bool isRemovable(Expr *E) const {
429    return Removables.count(E);
430  }
431
432  bool tryRemoving(Expr *E) const {
433    if (isRemovable(E)) {
434      Pass.TA.removeStmt(E);
435      return true;
436    }
437
438    Stmt *parent = StmtMap->getParent(E);
439
440    if (ImplicitCastExpr *castE = dyn_cast_or_null<ImplicitCastExpr>(parent))
441      return tryRemoving(castE);
442
443    if (ParenExpr *parenE = dyn_cast_or_null<ParenExpr>(parent))
444      return tryRemoving(parenE);
445
446    if (BinaryOperator *
447          bopE = dyn_cast_or_null<BinaryOperator>(parent)) {
448      if (bopE->getOpcode() == BO_Comma && bopE->getLHS() == E &&
449          isRemovable(bopE)) {
450        Pass.TA.replace(bopE->getSourceRange(), bopE->getRHS()->getSourceRange());
451        return true;
452      }
453    }
454
455    return false;
456  }
457
458};
459
460} // anonymous namespace
461
462void trans::removeRetainReleaseDeallocFinalize(MigrationPass &pass) {
463  BodyTransform<RetainReleaseDeallocRemover> trans(pass);
464  trans.TraverseDecl(pass.Ctx.getTranslationUnitDecl());
465}
466