1<html lang="en"> 2<head> 3<title>GNU Free Documentation License - Using the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)</title> 4<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html"> 5<meta name="description" content="Using the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)"> 6<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.13"> 7<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top"> 8<link rel="prev" href="Copying.html#Copying" title="Copying"> 9<link rel="next" href="Contributors.html#Contributors" title="Contributors"> 10<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/" rel="generator-home" title="Texinfo Homepage"> 11<!-- 12Copyright (C) 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 131998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 142010 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 15 16Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document 17under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or 18any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the 19Invariant Sections being ``Funding Free Software'', the Front-Cover 20Texts being (a) (see below), and with the Back-Cover Texts being (b) 21(see below). A copy of the license is included in the section entitled 22``GNU Free Documentation License''. 23 24(a) The FSF's Front-Cover Text is: 25 26 A GNU Manual 27 28(b) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: 29 30 You have freedom to copy and modify this GNU Manual, like GNU 31 software. 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It 80complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft 81license designed for free software. 82 83 <p>We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free 84software, because free software needs free documentation: a free 85program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the 86software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; 87it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or 88whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License 89principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference. 90 91 <li>APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS 92 93 <p>This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that 94contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be 95distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a 96world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that 97work under the conditions stated herein. The “Document”, below, 98refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a 99licensee, and is addressed as “you”. You accept the license if you 100copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission 101under copyright law. 102 103 <p>A “Modified Version” of the Document means any work containing the 104Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with 105modifications and/or translated into another language. 106 107 <p>A “Secondary Section” is a named appendix or a front-matter section 108of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the 109publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall 110subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall 111directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in 112part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain 113any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical 114connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, 115commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding 116them. 117 118 <p>The “Invariant Sections” are certain Secondary Sections whose titles 119are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice 120that says that the Document is released under this License. If a 121section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not 122allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero 123Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant 124Sections then there are none. 125 126 <p>The “Cover Texts” are certain short passages of text that are listed, 127as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that 128the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may 129be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words. 130 131 <p>A “Transparent” copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, 132represented in a format whose specification is available to the 133general public, that is suitable for revising the document 134straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of 135pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available 136drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or 137for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input 138to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file 139format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart 140or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. 141An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount 142of text. A copy that is not “Transparent” is called “Opaque”. 143 144 <p>Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain 145<span class="sc">ascii</span> without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input 146format, <acronym>SGML</acronym> or <acronym>XML</acronym> using a publicly available 147<acronym>DTD</acronym>, and standard-conforming simple <acronym>HTML</acronym>, 148PostScript or <acronym>PDF</acronym> designed for human modification. Examples 149of transparent image formats include <acronym>PNG</acronym>, <acronym>XCF</acronym> and 150<acronym>JPG</acronym>. Opaque formats include proprietary formats that can be 151read and edited only by proprietary word processors, <acronym>SGML</acronym> or 152<acronym>XML</acronym> for which the <acronym>DTD</acronym> and/or processing tools are 153not generally available, and the machine-generated <acronym>HTML</acronym>, 154PostScript or <acronym>PDF</acronym> produced by some word processors for 155output purposes only. 156 157 <p>The “Title Page” means, for a printed book, the title page itself, 158plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material 159this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in 160formats which do not have any title page as such, “Title Page” means 161the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title, 162preceding the beginning of the body of the text. 163 164 <p>The “publisher” means any person or entity that distributes copies 165of the Document to the public. 166 167 <p>A section “Entitled XYZ” means a named subunit of the Document whose 168title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following 169text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a 170specific section name mentioned below, such as “Acknowledgements”, 171“Dedications”, “Endorsements”, or “History”.) To “Preserve the Title” 172of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a 173section “Entitled XYZ” according to this definition. 174 175 <p>The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which 176states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty 177Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this 178License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other 179implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has 180no effect on the meaning of this License. 181 182 <li>VERBATIM COPYING 183 184 <p>You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either 185commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the 186copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies 187to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other 188conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use 189technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further 190copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept 191compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough 192number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3. 193 194 <p>You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and 195you may publicly display copies. 196 197 <li>COPYING IN QUANTITY 198 199 <p>If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have 200printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the 201Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the 202copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover 203Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on 204the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify 205you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present 206the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and 207visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition. 208Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve 209the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated 210as verbatim copying in other respects. 211 212 <p>If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit 213legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit 214reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent 215pages. 216 217 <p>If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering 218more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent 219copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy 220a computer-network location from which the general network-using 221public has access to download using public-standard network protocols 222a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material. 223If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, 224when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure 225that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated 226location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an 227Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that 228edition to the public. 229 230 <p>It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the 231Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give 232them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document. 233 234 <li>MODIFICATIONS 235 236 <p>You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under 237the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release 238the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified 239Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution 240and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy 241of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version: 242 243 <ol type=A start=1> 244<li>Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct 245from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions 246(which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section 247of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version 248if the original publisher of that version gives permission. 249 250 <li>List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities 251responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified 252Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the 253Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five), 254unless they release you from this requirement. 255 256 <li>State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the 257Modified Version, as the publisher. 258 259 <li>Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document. 260 261 <li>Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications 262adjacent to the other copyright notices. 263 264 <li>Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice 265giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the 266terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below. 267 268 <li>Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections 269and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice. 270 271 <li>Include an unaltered copy of this License. 272 273 <li>Preserve the section Entitled “History”, Preserve its Title, and add 274to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and 275publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If 276there is no section Entitled “History” in the Document, create one 277stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as 278given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified 279Version as stated in the previous sentence. 280 281 <li>Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for 282public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise 283the network locations given in the Document for previous versions 284it was based on. These may be placed in the “History” section. 285You may omit a network location for a work that was published at 286least four years before the Document itself, or if the original 287publisher of the version it refers to gives permission. 288 289 <li>For any section Entitled “Acknowledgements” or “Dedications”, Preserve 290the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all the 291substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or 292dedications given therein. 293 294 <li>Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, 295unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers 296or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles. 297 298 <li>Delete any section Entitled “Endorsements”. Such a section 299may not be included in the Modified Version. 300 301 <li>Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled “Endorsements” or 302to conflict in title with any Invariant Section. 303 304 <li>Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers. 305 </ol> 306 307 <p>If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or 308appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material 309copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all 310of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the 311list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. 312These titles must be distinct from any other section titles. 313 314 <p>You may add a section Entitled “Endorsements”, provided it contains 315nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various 316parties—for example, statements of peer review or that the text has 317been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a 318standard. 319 320 <p>You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a 321passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list 322of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of 323Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or 324through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already 325includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or 326by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, 327you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit 328permission from the previous publisher that added the old one. 329 330 <p>The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License 331give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or 332imply endorsement of any Modified Version. 333 334 <li>COMBINING DOCUMENTS 335 336 <p>You may combine the Document with other documents released under this 337License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified 338versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the 339Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and 340list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its 341license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers. 342 343 <p>The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and 344multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single 345copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but 346different contents, make the title of each such section unique by 347adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original 348author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. 349Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of 350Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work. 351 352 <p>In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled “History” 353in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled 354“History”; likewise combine any sections Entitled “Acknowledgements”, 355and any sections Entitled “Dedications”. You must delete all 356sections Entitled “Endorsements.” 357 358 <li>COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS 359 360 <p>You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents 361released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this 362License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in 363the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for 364verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects. 365 366 <p>You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute 367it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this 368License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all 369other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document. 370 371 <li>AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS 372 373 <p>A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate 374and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or 375distribution medium, is called an “aggregate” if the copyright 376resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights 377of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. 378When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not 379apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves 380derivative works of the Document. 381 382 <p>If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these 383copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of 384the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on 385covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the 386electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. 387Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole 388aggregate. 389 390 <li>TRANSLATION 391 392 <p>Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may 393distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. 394Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special 395permission from their copyright holders, but you may include 396translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the 397original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a 398translation of this License, and all the license notices in the 399Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include 400the original English version of this License and the original versions 401of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between 402the translation and the original version of this License or a notice 403or disclaimer, the original version will prevail. 404 405 <p>If a section in the Document is Entitled “Acknowledgements”, 406“Dedications”, or “History”, the requirement (section 4) to Preserve 407its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual 408title. 409 410 <li>TERMINATION 411 412 <p>You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document 413except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt 414otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute it is void, and 415will automatically terminate your rights under this License. 416 417 <p>However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license 418from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally, 419unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and finally 420terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder 421fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means prior to 42260 days after the cessation. 423 424 <p>Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is 425reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the 426violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have 427received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that 428copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after 429your receipt of the notice. 430 431 <p>Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the 432licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under 433this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently 434reinstated, receipt of a copy of some or all of the same material does 435not give you any rights to use it. 436 437 <li>FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE 438 439 <p>The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions 440of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new 441versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may 442differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See 443<a href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/">http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/</a>. 444 445 <p>Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. 446If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this 447License “or any later version” applies to it, you have the option of 448following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or 449of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the 450Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version 451number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not 452as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document 453specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of this 454License can be used, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of a 455version permanently authorizes you to choose that version for the 456Document. 457 458 <li>RELICENSING 459 460 <p>“Massive Multiauthor Collaboration Site” (or “MMC Site”) means any 461World Wide Web server that publishes copyrightable works and also 462provides prominent facilities for anybody to edit those works. A 463public wiki that anybody can edit is an example of such a server. A 464“Massive Multiauthor Collaboration” (or “MMC”) contained in the 465site means any set of copyrightable works thus published on the MMC 466site. 467 468 <p>“CC-BY-SA” means the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 469license published by Creative Commons Corporation, a not-for-profit 470corporation with a principal place of business in San Francisco, 471California, as well as future copyleft versions of that license 472published by that same organization. 473 474 <p>“Incorporate” means to publish or republish a Document, in whole or 475in part, as part of another Document. 476 477 <p>An MMC is “eligible for relicensing” if it is licensed under this 478License, and if all works that were first published under this License 479somewhere other than this MMC, and subsequently incorporated in whole 480or in part into the MMC, (1) had no cover texts or invariant sections, 481and (2) were thus incorporated prior to November 1, 2008. 482 483 <p>The operator of an MMC Site may republish an MMC contained in the site 484under CC-BY-SA on the same site at any time before August 1, 2009, 485provided the MMC is eligible for relicensing. 486 487 </ol> 488 489<h3 class="unnumberedsec">ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents</h3> 490 491<p>To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of 492the License in the document and put the following copyright and 493license notices just after the title page: 494 495<pre class="smallexample"> Copyright (C) <var>year</var> <var>your name</var>. 496 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document 497 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 498 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; 499 with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover 500 Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU 501 Free Documentation License''. 502</pre> 503 <p>If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts, 504replace the “with...Texts.” line with this: 505 506<pre class="smallexample"> with the Invariant Sections being <var>list their titles</var>, with 507 the Front-Cover Texts being <var>list</var>, and with the Back-Cover Texts 508 being <var>list</var>. 509</pre> 510 <p>If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other 511combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the 512situation. 513 514 <p>If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we 515recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of 516free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, 517to permit their use in free software. 518 519<!-- Local Variables: --> 520<!-- ispell-local-pdict: "ispell-dict" --> 521<!-- End: --> 522<!-- man end --> 523<!-- Copyright (C) 1988,1989,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000, --> 524<!-- 2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009, 2010 --> 525<!-- Free Software Foundation, Inc. --> 526<!-- This is part of the GCC manual. --> 527<!-- For copying conditions, see the file gcc.texi. --> 528 </body></html> 529 530