ASoC: codecs: Add support for the framer codec

The framer codec interacts with a framer.
It allows to use some of the framer timeslots as audio channels to
transport audio data over the framer E1/T1/J1 lines.
It also reports line carrier detection events through the ALSA jack
detection feature.

Signed-off-by: Herve Codina <herve.codina@bootlin.com>
Reviewed-by: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Link: https://msgid.link/r/20240123165615.250303-2-herve.codina@bootlin.com
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>