locking/atomic: scripts: generate kerneldoc comments

Currently the atomics are documented in Documentation/atomic_t.txt, and
have no kerneldoc comments. There are a sufficient number of gotchas
(e.g. semantics, noinstr-safety) that it would be nice to have comments
to call these out, and it would be nice to have kerneldoc comments such
that these can be collated.

While it's possible to derive the semantics from the code, this can be
painful given the amount of indirection we currently have (e.g. fallback
paths), and it's easy to be mislead by naming, e.g.

* The unconditional void-returning ops *only* have relaxed variants
without a _relaxed suffix, and can easily be mistaken for being fully
ordered.

It would be nice to give these a _relaxed() suffix, but this would
result in significant churn throughout the kernel.

* Our naming of conditional and unconditional+test ops is rather
inconsistent, and it can be difficult to derive the name of an
operation, or to identify where an op is conditional or
unconditional+test.

Some ops are clearly conditional:
- dec_if_positive
- add_unless
- dec_unless_positive
- inc_unless_negative

Some ops are clearly unconditional+test:
- sub_and_test
- dec_and_test
- inc_and_test

However, what exactly those test is not obvious. A _test_zero suffix
might be clearer.

Others could be read ambiguously:
- inc_not_zero // conditional
- add_negative // unconditional+test

It would probably be worth renaming these, e.g. to inc_unless_zero and
add_test_negative.

As a step towards making this more consistent and easier to understand,
this patch adds kerneldoc comments for all generated *atomic*_*()
functions. These are generated from templates, with some common text
shared, making it easy to extend these in future if necessary.

I've tried to make these as consistent and clear as possible, and I've
deliberately ensured:

* All ops have their ordering explicitly mentioned in the short and long
description.

* All test ops have "test" in their short description.

* All ops are described as an expression using their usual C operator.
For example:

andnot: "Atomically updates @v to (@v & ~@i)"
inc: "Atomically updates @v to (@v + 1)"

Which may be clearer to non-naative English speakers, and allows all
the operations to be described in the same style.

* All conditional ops have their condition described as an expression
using the usual C operators. For example:

add_unless: "If (@v != @u), atomically updates @v to (@v + @i)"
cmpxchg: "If (@v == @old), atomically updates @v to @new"

Which may be clearer to non-naative English speakers, and allows all
the operations to be described in the same style.

* All bitwise ops (and,andnot,or,xor) explicitly mention that they are
bitwise in their short description, so that they are not mistaken for
performing their logical equivalents.

* The noinstr safety of each op is explicitly described, with a
description of whether or not to use the raw_ form of the op.

There should be no functional change as a result of this patch.

Reported-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230605070124.3741859-26-mark.rutland@arm.com

locking/atomic: scripts: simplify raw_atomic_long*() definitions

Currently, atomic-long is split into two sections, one defining the
raw_atomic_long_*() ops for CONFIG_64BIT, and one defining the raw
atomic_long_*() ops for !CONFIG_64BIT.

With many lines elided, this looks like:

| #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
| ...
| static __always_inline bool
| raw_atomic_long_try_cmpxchg(atomic_long_t *v, long *old, long new)
| {
| return raw_atomic64_try_cmpxchg(v, (s64 *)old, new);
| }
| ...
| #else /* CONFIG_64BIT */
| ...
| static __always_inline bool
| raw_atomic_long_try_cmpxchg(atomic_long_t *v, long *old, long new)
| {
| return raw_atomic_try_cmpxchg(v, (int *)old, new);
| }
| ...
| #endif

The two definitions are spread far apart in the file, and duplicate the
prototype, making it hard to have a legible set of kerneldoc comments.

Make this simpler by defining the C prototype once, and writing the two
definitions inline. For example, the above becomes:

| static __always_inline bool
| raw_atomic_long_try_cmpxchg(atomic_long_t *v, long *old, long new)
| {
| #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
| return raw_atomic64_try_cmpxchg(v, (s64 *)old, new);
| #else
| return raw_atomic_try_cmpxchg(v, (int *)old, new);
| #endif
| }

As we now always have a single copy of the C prototype wrapping all the
potential definitions, we now have an obvious single location for kerneldoc
comments. As a bonus, both the script and the generated file are
somewhat shorter.

There should be no functional change as a result of this patch.

Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230605070124.3741859-23-mark.rutland@arm.com

locking/atomic: scripts: split pfx/name/sfx/order

Currently gen-atomic-long.sh's gen_proto_order_variant() function
combines the pfx/name/sfx/order variables immediately, unlike other
functions in gen-atomic-*.sh.

This is fine today, but subsequent patches will require the individual
individual pfx/name/sfx/order variables within gen-atomic-long.sh's
gen_proto_order_variant() function. In preparation for this, split the
variables in the style of other gen-atomic-*.sh scripts.

This results in no change to the generated headers, so there should be
no functional change as a result of this patch.

Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230605070124.3741859-22-mark.rutland@arm.com

locking/atomic: scripts: build raw_atomic_long*() directly

Now that arch_atomic*() usage is limited to the atomic headers, we no
longer have any users of arch_atomic_long_*(), and can generate
raw_atomic_long_*() directly.

Generate the raw_atomic_long_*() ops directly.

There should be no functional change as a result of this patch.

Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230605070124.3741859-20-mark.rutland@arm.com

locking/atomic: add arch_atomic_long*()

Now that all architectures provide arch_{atomic,atomic64}_*(), we can
build arch_atomic_long_*() atop these, which can be safely used in
noinstr code. The regular atomic_long_*() wrappers are built atop these,
as we do for {atomic,atomic64}_*() atop arch_{atomic,atomic64}_*().

We don't provide arch_* versions of the cond_read*() variants, as we
don't have arch_* versions of the underlying atomic/atomic64 functions
(nor the smp_cond_load*() helpers these are typically based on).

Note that the headers in this patch under include/linux/atomic/ are
generated by the scripts in scripts/atomic/.

Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210713105253.7615-5-mark.rutland@arm.com

locking/atomic: centralize generated headers

The generated atomic headers are only intended to be included directly
by <linux/atomic.h>, but are spread across include/linux/ and
include/asm-generic/, where people mnay be encouraged to include them.

This patch centralizes them under include/linux/atomic/.

Other than the header guards and hashes, there is no change to any of
the generated headers as a result of this patch.

Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210713105253.7615-4-mark.rutland@arm.com

asm-generic/atomic: Use __always_inline for pure wrappers

Prefer __always_inline for atomic wrappers. When building for size
(CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_SIZE), some compilers appear to be less inclined to
inline even relatively small static inline functions that are assumed to
be inlinable such as atomic ops. This can cause problems, for example in
UACCESS regions.

By using __always_inline, we let the real implementation and not the
wrapper determine the final inlining preference.

For x86 tinyconfig we observe:
- vmlinux baseline: 1316204
- vmlinux with patch: 1315988 (-216 bytes)

This came up when addressing UACCESS warnings with CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_SIZE
in the KCSAN runtime:
http://lkml.kernel.org/r/58708908-84a0-0a81-a836-ad97e33dbb62@infradead.org

Reported-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Marco Elver <elver@google.com>
Acked-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

locking/atomics: Fix scripts/atomic/ script permissions

Mark all these scripts executable.

Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: linuxdrivers@attotech.com
Cc: dvyukov@google.com
Cc: boqun.feng@gmail.com
Cc: arnd@arndb.de
Cc: aryabinin@virtuozzo.com
Cc: glider@google.com
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

locking/atomics: Add common header generation files

To minimize repetition, to allow for future rework, and to ensure
regularity of the various atomic APIs, we'd like to automatically
generate (the bulk of) a number of headers related to atomics.

This patch adds the infrastructure to do so, leaving actual conversion
of headers to subsequent patches. This infrastructure consists of:

* atomics.tbl - a table describing the functions in the atomics API,
with names, prototypes, and metadata describing the variants that
exist (e.g fetch/return, acquire/release/relaxed). Note that the
return type is dependent on the particular variant.

* atomic-tbl.sh - a library of routines useful for dealing with
atomics.tbl (e.g. querying which variants exist, or generating
argument/parameter lists for a given function variant).

* gen-atomic-fallback.sh - a script which generates a header of
fallbacks, covering cases where architecture omit certain functions
(e.g. omitting relaxed variants).

* gen-atomic-long.sh - a script which generates wrappers providing the
atomic_long API atomic of the relevant atomic or atomic64 API,
ensuring the APIs are consistent.

* gen-atomic-instrumented.sh - a script which generates atomic* wrappers
atop of arch_atomic* functions, with automatically generated KASAN
instrumentation.

* fallbacks/* - a set of fallback implementations for atomics, which
should be used when no implementation of a given atomic is provided.
These are used by gen-atomic-fallback.sh to generate fallbacks, and
these are also used by other scripts to determine the set of optional
atomics (as required to generate preprocessor guards correctly).

Fallbacks may use the following variables:

${atomic} atomic prefix: atomic/atomic64/atomic_long, which can be
used to derive the atomic type, and to prefix functions

${int} integer type: int/s64/long

${pfx} variant prefix, e.g. fetch_

${name} base function name, e.g. add

${sfx} variant suffix, e.g. _return

${order} order suffix, e.g. _relaxed

${atomicname} full name, e.g. atomic64_fetch_add_relaxed

${ret} return type of the function, e.g. void

${retstmt} a return statement (with a trailing space), unless the
variant returns void

${params} parameter list for the function declaration, e.g.
"int i, atomic_t *v"

${args} argument list for invoking the function, e.g. "i, v"

... for clarity, ${ret}, ${retstmt}, ${params}, and ${args} are
open-coded for fallbacks where these do not vary, or are critical to
understanding the logic of the fallback.

The MAINTAINERS entry for the atomic infrastructure is updated to cover
the new scripts.

There should be no functional change as a result of this patch.

Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Cc: catalin.marinas@arm.com
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: linuxdrivers@attotech.com
Cc: dvyukov@google.com
Cc: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Cc: arnd@arndb.de
Cc: aryabinin@virtuozzo.com
Cc: glider@google.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180904104830.2975-2-mark.rutland@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>