locking/atomic: Add generic support for sync_try_cmpxchg() and its fallback

Provide the generic sync_try_cmpxchg() function from the
raw_ prefixed version, also adding explicit instrumentation.

The patch amends existing scripts to generate sync_try_cmpxchg()
locking primitive and its raw_sync_try_cmpxchg() fallback, while
leaving existing macros from the try_cmpxchg() family unchanged.

The target can define its own arch_sync_try_cmpxchg() to override the
generic version of raw_sync_try_cmpxchg(). This allows the target
to generate more optimal assembly than the generic version.

Additionally, the patch renames two scripts to better reflect
whet they really do.

Signed-off-by: Uros Bizjak <ubizjak@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org

locking/atomic: scripts: generate kerneldoc comments

Currently the atomics are documented in Documentation/atomic_t.txt, and
have no kerneldoc comments. There are a sufficient number of gotchas
(e.g. semantics, noinstr-safety) that it would be nice to have comments
to call these out, and it would be nice to have kerneldoc comments such
that these can be collated.

While it's possible to derive the semantics from the code, this can be
painful given the amount of indirection we currently have (e.g. fallback
paths), and it's easy to be mislead by naming, e.g.

* The unconditional void-returning ops *only* have relaxed variants
without a _relaxed suffix, and can easily be mistaken for being fully
ordered.

It would be nice to give these a _relaxed() suffix, but this would
result in significant churn throughout the kernel.

* Our naming of conditional and unconditional+test ops is rather
inconsistent, and it can be difficult to derive the name of an
operation, or to identify where an op is conditional or
unconditional+test.

Some ops are clearly conditional:
- dec_if_positive
- add_unless
- dec_unless_positive
- inc_unless_negative

Some ops are clearly unconditional+test:
- sub_and_test
- dec_and_test
- inc_and_test

However, what exactly those test is not obvious. A _test_zero suffix
might be clearer.

Others could be read ambiguously:
- inc_not_zero // conditional
- add_negative // unconditional+test

It would probably be worth renaming these, e.g. to inc_unless_zero and
add_test_negative.

As a step towards making this more consistent and easier to understand,
this patch adds kerneldoc comments for all generated *atomic*_*()
functions. These are generated from templates, with some common text
shared, making it easy to extend these in future if necessary.

I've tried to make these as consistent and clear as possible, and I've
deliberately ensured:

* All ops have their ordering explicitly mentioned in the short and long
description.

* All test ops have "test" in their short description.

* All ops are described as an expression using their usual C operator.
For example:

andnot: "Atomically updates @v to (@v & ~@i)"
inc: "Atomically updates @v to (@v + 1)"

Which may be clearer to non-naative English speakers, and allows all
the operations to be described in the same style.

* All conditional ops have their condition described as an expression
using the usual C operators. For example:

add_unless: "If (@v != @u), atomically updates @v to (@v + @i)"
cmpxchg: "If (@v == @old), atomically updates @v to @new"

Which may be clearer to non-naative English speakers, and allows all
the operations to be described in the same style.

* All bitwise ops (and,andnot,or,xor) explicitly mention that they are
bitwise in their short description, so that they are not mistaken for
performing their logical equivalents.

* The noinstr safety of each op is explicitly described, with a
description of whether or not to use the raw_ form of the op.

There should be no functional change as a result of this patch.

Reported-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230605070124.3741859-26-mark.rutland@arm.com

locking/atomic: scripts: add trivial raw_atomic*_<op>()

Currently a number of arch_atomic*_<op>() functions are optional, and
where an arch does not provide a given arch_atomic*_<op>() we will
define an implementation of arch_atomic*_<op>() in
atomic-arch-fallback.h.

Filling in the missing ops requires special care as we want to select
the optimal definition of each op (e.g. preferentially defining ops in
terms of their relaxed form rather than their fully-ordered form). The
ifdeffery necessary for this requires us to group ordering variants
together, which can be a bit painful to read, and is painful for
kerneldoc generation.

It would be easier to handle this if we generated ops into a separate
namespace, as this would remove the need to take special care with the
ifdeffery, and allow each ordering variant to be generated separately.

This patch adds a new set of raw_atomic_<op>() definitions, which are
currently trivial wrappers of their arch_atomic_<op>() equivalent. This
will allow us to move treewide users of arch_atomic_<op>() over to raw
atomic op before we rework the fallback generation to generate
raw_atomic_<op> directly.

There should be no functional change as a result of this patch.

Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230605070124.3741859-18-mark.rutland@arm.com

locking/atomic: scripts: remove leftover "${mult}"

We removed cmpxchg_double() and variants in commit:

b4cf83b2d1da40b2 ("arch: Remove cmpxchg_double")

Which removed the need for "${mult}" in the instrumentation logic.
Unfortunately we missed an instance of "${mult}".

There is no change to the generated header.
There should be no functional change as a result of this patch.

Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230605070124.3741859-16-mark.rutland@arm.com

arch: Remove cmpxchg_double

No moar users, remove the monster.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Reviewed-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230531132323.991907085@infradead.org

instrumentation: Wire up cmpxchg128()

Wire up the cmpxchg128 family in the atomic wrapper scripts.

These provide the generic cmpxchg128 family of functions from the
arch_ prefixed version, adding explicit instrumentation where needed.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Reviewed-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Acked-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Tested-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230531132323.519237070@infradead.org

locking/atomic: Correct (cmp)xchg() instrumentation

All xchg() and cmpxchg() ops are atomic RMWs, but currently we
instrument these with instrument_atomic_write() rather than
instrument_atomic_read_write(), missing the read aspect.

Similarly, all try_cmpxchg() ops are non-atomic RMWs on *oldp, but we
instrument these accesses with instrument_atomic_write() rather than
instrument_read_write(), missing the read aspect and erroneously marking
these as atomic.

Fix the instrumentation for both points.

Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230413160644.490976-1-mark.rutland@arm.com
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

locking/atomic: Add generic try_cmpxchg{,64}_local() support

Add generic support for try_cmpxchg{,64}_local() and their falbacks.

These provides the generic try_cmpxchg_local family of functions
from the arch_ prefixed version, also adding explicit instrumentation.

Signed-off-by: Uros Bizjak <ubizjak@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230405141710.3551-2-ubizjak@gmail.com
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

locking/atomic: Add generic try_cmpxchg64 support

Add generic support for try_cmpxchg64{,_acquire,_release,_relaxed}
and their falbacks involving cmpxchg64.

Signed-off-by: Uros Bizjak <ubizjak@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220515184205.103089-2-ubizjak@gmail.com

locking/atomics, kcsan: Add instrumentation for barriers

Adds the required KCSAN instrumentation for barriers of atomics.

Signed-off-by: Marco Elver <elver@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

locking/atomic: add arch_atomic_long*()

Now that all architectures provide arch_{atomic,atomic64}_*(), we can
build arch_atomic_long_*() atop these, which can be safely used in
noinstr code. The regular atomic_long_*() wrappers are built atop these,
as we do for {atomic,atomic64}_*() atop arch_{atomic,atomic64}_*().

We don't provide arch_* versions of the cond_read*() variants, as we
don't have arch_* versions of the underlying atomic/atomic64 functions
(nor the smp_cond_load*() helpers these are typically based on).

Note that the headers in this patch under include/linux/atomic/ are
generated by the scripts in scripts/atomic/.

Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210713105253.7615-5-mark.rutland@arm.com

locking/atomic: centralize generated headers

The generated atomic headers are only intended to be included directly
by <linux/atomic.h>, but are spread across include/linux/ and
include/asm-generic/, where people mnay be encouraged to include them.

This patch centralizes them under include/linux/atomic/.

Other than the header guards and hashes, there is no change to any of
the generated headers as a result of this patch.

Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210713105253.7615-4-mark.rutland@arm.com

locking/atomics: atomic-instrumented: simplify ifdeffery

Now that all architectures implement ARCH_ATOMIC, the fallbacks are
generated before the instrumented wrappers are generated. Due to this,
in atomic-instrumented.h we can assume that the whole set of atomic
functions has been generated. Likewise, atomic-instrumented.h doesn't
need to provide a preprocessor definition for every atomic it wraps.

This patch removes the redundant ifdeffery.

There should be no functional change as a result of this patch.

Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210525140232.53872-34-mark.rutland@arm.com

asm-generic/atomic: Add try_cmpxchg() fallbacks

Only x86 provides try_cmpxchg() outside of the atomic_t interfaces,
provide generic fallbacks to create this interface from the widely
available cmpxchg() function.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/159870621515.1229682.15506193091065001742.stgit@devnote2

locking/atomics: Use read-write instrumentation for atomic RMWs

Use instrument_atomic_read_write() for atomic RMW ops.

Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Marco Elver <elver@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

asm-generic, atomic-instrumented: Use generic instrumented.h

This switches atomic-instrumented.h to use the generic instrumentation
wrappers provided by instrumented.h.

No functional change intended.

Suggested-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Marco Elver <elver@google.com>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

asm-generic/atomic: Use __always_inline for pure wrappers

Prefer __always_inline for atomic wrappers. When building for size
(CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_SIZE), some compilers appear to be less inclined to
inline even relatively small static inline functions that are assumed to
be inlinable such as atomic ops. This can cause problems, for example in
UACCESS regions.

By using __always_inline, we let the real implementation and not the
wrapper determine the final inlining preference.

For x86 tinyconfig we observe:
- vmlinux baseline: 1316204
- vmlinux with patch: 1315988 (-216 bytes)

This came up when addressing UACCESS warnings with CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_SIZE
in the KCSAN runtime:
http://lkml.kernel.org/r/58708908-84a0-0a81-a836-ad97e33dbb62@infradead.org

Reported-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Marco Elver <elver@google.com>
Acked-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

locking/atomics, kcsan: Add KCSAN instrumentation

This adds KCSAN instrumentation to atomic-instrumented.h.

Signed-off-by: Marco Elver <elver@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

locking/atomics: Fix scripts/atomic/ script permissions

Mark all these scripts executable.

Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: linuxdrivers@attotech.com
Cc: dvyukov@google.com
Cc: boqun.feng@gmail.com
Cc: arnd@arndb.de
Cc: aryabinin@virtuozzo.com
Cc: glider@google.com
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

locking/atomics: Add common header generation files

To minimize repetition, to allow for future rework, and to ensure
regularity of the various atomic APIs, we'd like to automatically
generate (the bulk of) a number of headers related to atomics.

This patch adds the infrastructure to do so, leaving actual conversion
of headers to subsequent patches. This infrastructure consists of:

* atomics.tbl - a table describing the functions in the atomics API,
with names, prototypes, and metadata describing the variants that
exist (e.g fetch/return, acquire/release/relaxed). Note that the
return type is dependent on the particular variant.

* atomic-tbl.sh - a library of routines useful for dealing with
atomics.tbl (e.g. querying which variants exist, or generating
argument/parameter lists for a given function variant).

* gen-atomic-fallback.sh - a script which generates a header of
fallbacks, covering cases where architecture omit certain functions
(e.g. omitting relaxed variants).

* gen-atomic-long.sh - a script which generates wrappers providing the
atomic_long API atomic of the relevant atomic or atomic64 API,
ensuring the APIs are consistent.

* gen-atomic-instrumented.sh - a script which generates atomic* wrappers
atop of arch_atomic* functions, with automatically generated KASAN
instrumentation.

* fallbacks/* - a set of fallback implementations for atomics, which
should be used when no implementation of a given atomic is provided.
These are used by gen-atomic-fallback.sh to generate fallbacks, and
these are also used by other scripts to determine the set of optional
atomics (as required to generate preprocessor guards correctly).

Fallbacks may use the following variables:

${atomic} atomic prefix: atomic/atomic64/atomic_long, which can be
used to derive the atomic type, and to prefix functions

${int} integer type: int/s64/long

${pfx} variant prefix, e.g. fetch_

${name} base function name, e.g. add

${sfx} variant suffix, e.g. _return

${order} order suffix, e.g. _relaxed

${atomicname} full name, e.g. atomic64_fetch_add_relaxed

${ret} return type of the function, e.g. void

${retstmt} a return statement (with a trailing space), unless the
variant returns void

${params} parameter list for the function declaration, e.g.
"int i, atomic_t *v"

${args} argument list for invoking the function, e.g. "i, v"

... for clarity, ${ret}, ${retstmt}, ${params}, and ${args} are
open-coded for fallbacks where these do not vary, or are critical to
understanding the logic of the fallback.

The MAINTAINERS entry for the atomic infrastructure is updated to cover
the new scripts.

There should be no functional change as a result of this patch.

Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Cc: catalin.marinas@arm.com
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: linuxdrivers@attotech.com
Cc: dvyukov@google.com
Cc: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Cc: arnd@arndb.de
Cc: aryabinin@virtuozzo.com
Cc: glider@google.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180904104830.2975-2-mark.rutland@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>