kbuild: mark `rustc` (and others) invocations as recursive

`rustc` (like Cargo) may take advantage of the jobserver at any time
(e.g. for backend parallelism, or eventually frontend too). In the kernel,
we call `rustc` with `-Ccodegen-units=1` (and `-Zthreads` is 1 so far),
so we do not expect parallelism. However, in the upcoming Rust 1.76.0, a
warning is emitted by `rustc` [1] when it cannot connect to the jobserver
it was passed (in many cases, but not all: compiling and `--print sysroot`
do, but `--version` does not). And given GNU Make always passes
the jobserver in the environment variable (even when a line is deemed
non-recursive), `rustc` will end up complaining about it (in particular
in Make 4.3 where there is only the simple pipe jobserver style).

One solution is to remove the jobserver from `MAKEFLAGS`. However, we
can mark the lines with calls to `rustc` (and Cargo) as recursive, which
looks simpler. This is being documented as a recommendation in `rustc`
[2] and allows us to be ready for the time we may use parallelism inside
`rustc` (potentially now, if a user passes `-Zthreads`). Thus do so.

Similarly, do the same for `rustdoc` and `cargo` calls.

Finally, there is one case that the solution does not cover, which is the
`$(shell ...)` call we have. Thus, for that one, set an empty `MAKEFLAGS`
environment variable.

Link: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/120515 [1]
Acked-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Link: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/121564 [2]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240217002638.57373-1-ojeda@kernel.org
[ Reworded to add link to PR documenting the recommendation. ]
Signed-off-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>

rust: Respect HOSTCC when linking for host

Currently, rustc defaults to invoking `cc`, even if `HOSTCC` is defined,
resulting in build failures in hermetic environments where `cc` does not
exist. This includes both hostprogs and proc-macros.

Since we are setting the linker to `HOSTCC`, we set the linker flavor to
`gcc` explicitly. The linker-flavor selects both which linker to search
for if the linker is unset, and which kind of linker flags to pass.
Without this flag, `rustc` would attempt to determine which flags to
pass based on the name of the binary passed as `HOSTCC`. `gcc` is the
name of the linker-flavor used by `rustc` for all C compilers, including
both `gcc` and `clang`.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Maurer <mmaurer@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Martin Rodriguez Reboredo <yakoyoku@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Acked-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>

kbuild: rust: avoid creating temporary files

`rustc` outputs by default the temporary files (i.e. the ones saved
by `-Csave-temps`, such as `*.rcgu*` files) in the current working
directory when `-o` and `--out-dir` are not given (even if
`--emit=x=path` is given, i.e. it does not use those for temporaries).

Since out-of-tree modules are compiled from the `linux` tree,
`rustc` then tries to create them there, which may not be accessible.

Thus pass `--out-dir` explicitly, even if it is just for the temporary
files.

Similarly, do so for Rust host programs too.

Reported-by: Raphael Nestler <raphael.nestler@gmail.com>
Closes: https://github.com/Rust-for-Linux/linux/issues/1015
Reported-by: Andrea Righi <andrea.righi@canonical.com>
Tested-by: Raphael Nestler <raphael.nestler@gmail.com> # non-hostprogs
Tested-by: Andrea Righi <andrea.righi@canonical.com> # non-hostprogs
Fixes: 295d8398c67e ("kbuild: specify output names separately for each emission type from rustc")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Martin Rodriguez Reboredo <yakoyoku@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>

kbuild: remove sed commands after rustc rules

rustc may put comments in dep-info, so sed is used to drop them before
passing it to fixdep.

Now that fixdep can remove comments, Makefiles do not need to run sed.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Vincenzo Palazzo <vincenzopalazzodev@gmail.com>

kbuild: specify output names separately for each emission type from rustc

In Kbuild, two different rules must not write to the same file, but
it happens when compiling rust source files.

For example, set CONFIG_SAMPLE_RUST_MINIMAL=m and run the following:

$ make -j$(nproc) samples/rust/rust_minimal.o samples/rust/rust_minimal.rsi \
samples/rust/rust_minimal.s samples/rust/rust_minimal.ll
[snip]
RUSTC [M] samples/rust/rust_minimal.o
RUSTC [M] samples/rust/rust_minimal.rsi
RUSTC [M] samples/rust/rust_minimal.s
RUSTC [M] samples/rust/rust_minimal.ll
mv: cannot stat 'samples/rust/rust_minimal.d': No such file or directory
make[3]: *** [scripts/Makefile.build:334: samples/rust/rust_minimal.ll] Error 1
make[3]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
mv: cannot stat 'samples/rust/rust_minimal.d': No such file or directory
make[3]: *** [scripts/Makefile.build:309: samples/rust/rust_minimal.o] Error 1
mv: cannot stat 'samples/rust/rust_minimal.d': No such file or directory
make[3]: *** [scripts/Makefile.build:326: samples/rust/rust_minimal.s] Error 1
make[2]: *** [scripts/Makefile.build:504: samples/rust] Error 2
make[1]: *** [scripts/Makefile.build:504: samples] Error 2
make: *** [Makefile:2008: .] Error 2

The reason for the error is that 4 threads running in parallel renames
the same file, samples/rust/rust_minimal.d.

This does not happen when compiling C or assembly files because
-Wp,-MMD,$(depfile) explicitly specifies the dependency filepath.
$(depfile) is a unique path for each target.

Currently, rustc is only given --out-dir and --emit=<list-of-types>
So, all the rust build rules output the dep-info into the default
<CRATE_NAME>.d, which causes the path conflict.

Fortunately, the --emit option is able to specify the output path
individually, with the form --emit=<type>=<path>.

Add --emit=dep-info=$(depfile) to the common part. Also, remove the
redundant --out-dir because the output path is specified for each type.

The code gets much cleaner because we do not need to rename *.d files.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Vincenzo Palazzo <vincenzopalazzodev@gmail.com>

kbuild: refactor host*_flags

Remove _host*_flags. No functional change is intended.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>

Kbuild: add Rust support

Having most of the new files in place, we now enable Rust support
in the build system, including `Kconfig` entries related to Rust,
the Rust configuration printer and a few other bits.

Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Tested-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Co-developed-by: Alex Gaynor <alex.gaynor@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Gaynor <alex.gaynor@gmail.com>
Co-developed-by: Finn Behrens <me@kloenk.de>
Signed-off-by: Finn Behrens <me@kloenk.de>
Co-developed-by: Adam Bratschi-Kaye <ark.email@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Adam Bratschi-Kaye <ark.email@gmail.com>
Co-developed-by: Wedson Almeida Filho <wedsonaf@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Wedson Almeida Filho <wedsonaf@google.com>
Co-developed-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Co-developed-by: Sven Van Asbroeck <thesven73@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sven Van Asbroeck <thesven73@gmail.com>
Co-developed-by: Gary Guo <gary@garyguo.net>
Signed-off-by: Gary Guo <gary@garyguo.net>
Co-developed-by: Boris-Chengbiao Zhou <bobo1239@web.de>
Signed-off-by: Boris-Chengbiao Zhou <bobo1239@web.de>
Co-developed-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Co-developed-by: Douglas Su <d0u9.su@outlook.com>
Signed-off-by: Douglas Su <d0u9.su@outlook.com>
Co-developed-by: Dariusz Sosnowski <dsosnowski@dsosnowski.pl>
Signed-off-by: Dariusz Sosnowski <dsosnowski@dsosnowski.pl>
Co-developed-by: Antonio Terceiro <antonio.terceiro@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Antonio Terceiro <antonio.terceiro@linaro.org>
Co-developed-by: Daniel Xu <dxu@dxuuu.xyz>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Xu <dxu@dxuuu.xyz>
Co-developed-by: Björn Roy Baron <bjorn3_gh@protonmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Björn Roy Baron <bjorn3_gh@protonmail.com>
Co-developed-by: Martin Rodriguez Reboredo <yakoyoku@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Rodriguez Reboredo <yakoyoku@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>

kbuild: sort hostprogs before passing it to ifneq

The conditional:

ifneq ($(hostprogs),)

... is evaluated to true if $(hostprogs) does not contain any word but
whitespace characters.

ifneq ($(strip $(hostprogs)),)

... is a safe way to avoid interpreting whitespace as a non-empty value,
but I'd rather want to use the side-effect of $(sort ...) to do the
equivalent.

$(sort ...) is used in scripts/Makefile.host in order to drop duplication
in $(hostprogs). It is also useful to strip excessive spaces.

Move $(sort ...) before evaluating the ifneq.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>

kbuild: move host .so build rules to scripts/gcc-plugins/Makefile

The host shared library rules are currently implemented in
scripts/Makefile.host, but actually GCC-plugin is the only user of
them. (The VDSO .so files are built for the target by different
build rules) Hence, they do not need to be treewide available.

Move all the relevant build rules to scripts/gcc-plugins/Makefile.

I also optimized the build steps so *.so is directly built from .c
because every upstream plugin is compiled from a single source file.

I am still keeping the multi-file plugin support, which Kees Cook
mentioned might be needed by out-of-tree plugins.
(https://lkml.org/lkml/2019/1/11/1107)

If the plugin, foo.so, is compiled from two files foo.c and foo2.c,
then you can do like follows:

foo-objs := foo.o foo2.o

Single-file plugins do not need the *-objs notation.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>

kbuild: use -MMD instead of -MD to exclude system headers from dependency

This omits system headers from the generated header dependency.

System headers are not updated unless you upgrade the compiler. Nor do
they contain CONFIG options, so fixdep does not need to parse them.

Having said that, the effect of this optimization will be quite small
because the kernel code generally does not include system headers
except <stdarg.h>. Host programs include a lot of system headers,
but there are not so many in the kernel tree.

At first, keeping system headers in .*.cmd files might be useful to
detect the compiler update, but there is no guarantee that <stdarg.h>
is included from every file. So, I implemented a more reliable way in
the previous commit.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>

gcc-plugins: drop support for GCC <= 4.7

Nobody was opposed to raising minimum GCC version to 4.8 [1]
So, we will drop GCC <= 4.7 support sooner or later.

We always use C++ compiler for building plugins for GCC >= 4.8.

This commit drops the plugin support for GCC <= 4.7 a bit earlier,
which allows us to dump lots of code.

[1] https://lkml.org/lkml/2020/1/23/545

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>

kbuild: rename hostprogs-y/always to hostprogs/always-y

In old days, the "host-progs" syntax was used for specifying host
programs. It was renamed to the current "hostprogs-y" in 2004.

It is typically useful in scripts/Makefile because it allows Kbuild to
selectively compile host programs based on the kernel configuration.

This commit renames like follows:

always -> always-y
hostprogs-y -> hostprogs

So, scripts/Makefile will look like this:

always-$(CONFIG_BUILD_BIN2C) += ...
always-$(CONFIG_KALLSYMS) += ...
...
hostprogs := $(always-y) $(always-m)

I think this makes more sense because a host program is always a host
program, irrespective of the kernel configuration. We want to specify
which ones to compile by CONFIG options, so always-y will be handier.

The "always", "hostprogs-y", "hostprogs-m" will be kept for backward
compatibility for a while.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>

kbuild: change *FLAGS_<basetarget>.o to take the path relative to $(obj)

Kbuild provides per-file compiler flag addition/removal:

CFLAGS_<basetarget>.o
CFLAGS_REMOVE_<basetarget>.o
AFLAGS_<basetarget>.o
AFLAGS_REMOVE_<basetarget>.o
CPPFLAGS_<basetarget>.lds
HOSTCFLAGS_<basetarget>.o
HOSTCXXFLAGS_<basetarget>.o

The <basetarget> is the filename of the target with its directory and
suffix stripped.

This syntax comes into a trouble when two files with the same basename
appear in one Makefile, for example:

obj-y += foo.o
obj-y += dir/foo.o
CFLAGS_foo.o := <some-flags>

Here, the <some-flags> applies to both foo.o and dir/foo.o

The real world problem is:

scripts/kconfig/util.c
scripts/kconfig/lxdialog/util.c

Both files are compiled into scripts/kconfig/mconf, but only the
latter should be given with the ncurses flags.

It is more sensible to use the relative path to the Makefile, like this:

obj-y += foo.o
CFLAGS_foo.o := <some-flags>
obj-y += dir/foo.o
CFLAGS_dir/foo.o := <other-flags>

At first, I attempted to replace $(basetarget) with $*. The $* variable
is replaced with the stem ('%') part in a pattern rule. This works with
most of cases, but does not for explicit rules.

For example, arch/ia64/lib/Makefile reuses rule_as_o_S in its own
explicit rules, so $* will be empty, resulting in ignoring the per-file
AFLAGS.

I introduced a new variable, target-stem, which can be used also from
explicit rules.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>

kbuild: move flex and bison rules to Makefile.host

Flex and bison are used for kconfig, dtc, genksyms, all of which are
host programs. I never imagine the kernel embeds a parser or a lexer.

Move the flex and bison rules to scripts/Makefile.host. This file is
included only when hostprogs-y etc. is present in the Makefile in the
directory. So, parsing these rules are skipped in most of directories.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

kbuild: replace KBUILD_SRCTREE with boolean building_out_of_srctree

Commit 25b146c5b8ce ("kbuild: allow Kbuild to start from any directory")
deprecated KBUILD_SRCTREE.

It is only used in tools/testing/selftest/ to distinguish out-of-tree
build. Replace it with a new boolean flag, building_out_of_srctree.

I also replaced the conditional ($(srctree),.) because the next commit
will allow an absolute path to be used for $(srctree) even when building
in the source tree.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

docs: kbuild: convert docs to ReST and rename to *.rst

The kbuild documentation clearly shows that the documents
there are written at different times: some use markdown,
some use their own peculiar logic to split sections.

Convert everything to ReST without affecting too much
the author's style and avoiding adding uneeded markups.

The conversion is actually:
- add blank lines and identation in order to identify paragraphs;
- fix tables markups;
- add some lists markups;
- mark literal blocks;
- adjust title markups.

At its new index.rst, let's add a :orphan: while this is not linked to
the main index.rst file, in order to avoid build warnings.

Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

kbuild: remove 'addtree' and 'flags' magic for header search paths

The 'addtree' and 'flags' in scripts/Kbuild.include are so compilecated
and ugly.

As I mentioned in [1], Kbuild should stop automatic prefixing of header
search path options.

I fixed up (almost) all Makefiles in the kernel. Now 'addtree' and
'flags' have been removed.

Kbuild still caters to add $(srctree)/$(src) and $(objtree)/$(obj)
to the header search path for O= building, but never touches extra
compiler options from ccflags-y etc.

[1]: https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/9632347/

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

kbuild: use $(srctree) instead of KBUILD_SRC to check out-of-tree build

KBUILD_SRC was conventionally used for some different purposes:
[1] To remember the source tree path
[2] As a flag to check if sub-make is already done
[3] As a flag to check if Kbuild runs out of tree

For [1], we do not need to remember it because the top Makefile
can compute it by $(realpath $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST))))

[2] has been replaced with self-commenting 'sub_make_done'.

For [3], we can distinguish in-tree/out-of-tree by comparing
$(srctree) and '.'

This commit converts [3] to prepare for the KBUILD_SRC removal.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

kbuild: skip 'addtree' and 'flags' magic for external module build

When building an external module, $(obj) is the absolute path to it.

The header search paths from ccflags-y etc. should not be tweaked.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

kbuild: Rename HOST_LOADLIBES to KBUILD_HOSTLDLIBS

In preparation for enabling command line LDLIBS, re-name HOST_LOADLIBES
to KBUILD_HOSTLDLIBS as the internal use only flags. Also rename
existing usage to HOSTLDLIBS for consistency. This should not have any
visible effects.

Signed-off-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

kbuild: Rename HOSTLDFLAGS to KBUILD_HOSTLDFLAGS

In preparation for enabling command line LDFLAGS, re-name HOSTLDFLAGS
to KBUILD_HOSTLDFLAGS as the internal use only flags. This should not
have any visible effects.

Signed-off-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

kbuild: Rename HOSTCXXFLAGS to KBUILD_HOSTCXXFLAGS

In preparation for enabling command line CXXFLAGS, re-name HOSTCXXFLAGS
to KBUILD_HOSTCXXFLAGS as the internal use only flags. This should not
have any visible effects.

Signed-off-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

kbuild: Rename HOSTCFLAGS to KBUILD_HOSTCFLAGS

In preparation for enabling command line CFLAGS, re-name HOSTCFLAGS to
KBUILD_HOSTCFLAGS as the internal use only flags. This should not have
any visible effects.

Signed-off-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

kbuild: use HOSTLDFLAGS for single .c executables

When compiling executables from a single .c file, the linker is also
invoked. Pass the HOSTLDFLAGS like for other linker commands.

Signed-off-by: Robin Jarry <robin.jarry@6wind.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

kbuild: create object directories simpler and faster

For the out-of-tree build, scripts/Makefile.build creates output
directories, but this operation is not efficient.

scripts/Makefile.lib calculates obj-dirs as follows:

obj-dirs := $(dir $(multi-objs) $(obj-y))

Please notice $(sort ...) is not used here. Usually the result is
as many "./" as objects here.

For a lot of duplicated paths, the following command is invoked.

_dummy := $(foreach d,$(obj-dirs), $(shell [ -d $(d) ] || mkdir -p $(d)))

Then, the costly shell command is run over and over again.

I see many points for optimization:

[1] Use $(sort ...) to cut down duplicated paths before passing them
to system call
[2] Use single $(shell ...) instead of repeating it with $(foreach ...)
This will reduce forking.
[3] We can calculate obj-dirs more simply. Most of objects are already
accumulated in $(targets). So, $(dir $(targets)) is fine and more
comprehensive.

I also removed ugly code in arch/x86/entry/vdso/Makefile. This is now
really unnecessary.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>

License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.

For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139

and resulted in the first patch in this series.

If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930

and resulted in the second patch in this series.

- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1

and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).

- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

kbuild: Add __cc-option macro

cc-option uses KBUILD_CFLAGS and KBUILD_CPPFLAGS when it determines
whether an option is supported or not. This is fine for options used to
build the kernel itself, however some components like the x86 boot code
use a different set of flags.

Add the new macro __cc-option which is a more generic version of
cc-option with additional parameters. One parameter is the compiler
with which the check should be performed, the other the compiler options
to be used instead KBUILD_C*FLAGS.

Refactor cc-option and hostcc-option to use __cc-option and move
hostcc-option to scripts/Kbuild.include.

Suggested-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Suggested-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Signed-off-by: Matthias Kaehlcke <mka@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Acked-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

Shared library support

Infrastructure for building independent shared library targets.

Based on work created by the PaX Team.

Signed-off-by: Emese Revfy <re.emese@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.com>

kbuild: handle the dependency of multi-objs hostprogs appropriately

Assume we have a Makefile like:

hostprogs-y := foo bar
foo-objs := foo1.o foo2.o
bar-objs := bar1.o bar2.o

Without this commit, the host program foo depends on all of
foo1.o foo2.o bar1.o bar2.o.

This commit allows to handle the dependency of each host program
separately.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.m@jp.panasonic.com>
Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>

kbuild: clean-up and bug fix of scripts/Makefile.host

Assume we have a Makefile like this:

hostprogs-y := foo
foo-cxxobjs := bar/baz.o
foo-objs := qux/quux.o

In this case, Kbuild creates bar/ directory,
but fails to create qux/ directory.

This commit re-writes directory creation more simply,
fixing that bug.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.m@jp.panasonic.com>
Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>

kbuild: clean up scripts/Makefile.host

The directory creation can be more simplified by two levels.

[1] Drop $(dir ...)

$(dir $(f)) always returns non-empty string.

So, $(if $(dir $(f)),$(dir $(f)) is equivalent to $(dir $(f)).

[2] Unroll $(foreach ...) loop

$(dir ...) can take one or more arguments and returns a list of
directories of them.

$(foreach f, $(progs), $(dir $(f))) can be unrolled as $(dir $(progs)).

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.m@jp.panasonic.com>
Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>

kbuild: drop shared library support from Makefile.host

The shared library feature in Makefile.host is no longer used.
Rip it off to keep the build infrastucture simple.

Update Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.txt too.
The section "4.3 Definition shared libraries" should be removed
and the following sections should be re-numbered.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.m@jp.panasonic.com>
Suggested-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>

kbuild: fix a bug of C++ host program handling

The comment claims:
C++ executables compiled from at least one .cc file
and zero or more .c files

But C++ executables with zero .c file fail in build.

For example, assume we have a Makefile like this:

hostprogs-y := foo
foo-cxxobjs := bar.o

In this case, foo is treated as host-csingle
and Kbuild tries to search non-existing foo.c source.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.m@jp.panasonic.com>
Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>

kbuild: fix a typo in scripts/Makefile.host

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.m@jp.panasonic.com>
Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>

kbuild: trivial - remove trailing empty lines

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.m@jp.panasonic.com>

kbuild: trivial - remove trailing spaces

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.m@jp.panasonic.com>
Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>

kbuild: fix some minor typoes

Signed-off-by: Robert P. J. Day <rpjday@crashcourse.ca>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>

kbuild: enable use of code from a different dir

To introduce support for source in one directory but output files
in another directory during a non O= build prefix all paths
with $(src) repsectively $(obj).

Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>

kbuild: remove debug left-over from Makefile.host

Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>

kbuild: create output directory for hostprogs with O=.. build

hostprogs-y only supported creating output directory for the final
program. Extend this to also cover the situation where a .o
file (used when host program is made from compositie objects) is
locate in another directory.
First user of this is the built-in lxdialog that.

Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>

[PATCH] Add a missing space that prevents building modules that require host programs

Signed-off-by: Ross Biro <rossb@google.com>
Acked-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

kbuild: fix ia64 breakage after introducing make -rR

kbuild used $¤(*F to get filename of target without extension.
This was used in several places all over kbuild, but introducing
make -rR broke his for all cases where we specified full path to
target/prerequsite. It is assumed that make -rR disables old style
suffix-rules which is why is suddenly failed.

ia64 was impacted by this change because several div* routines in
arch/ia64/lib are build using explicit paths and then kbuild failed.

Thanks to David Mosberger-Tang <David.Mosberger@acm.org> for an explanation
what was the root-cause and for testing on ia64.

This patch also fixes two uses of $(*F) in arch/um

Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>

Revert "kbuild: fix make -rR breakage"

This reverts commit e5c44fd88c146755da6941d047de4d97651404a9.

Thanks to Daniel Ritz and Michal Piotrowski for noticing the problem.

Daniel says:

"[The] reason is a recent change that made modules always shows as
module.mod. it breaks modprobe and probably many scripts..besides
lsmod looking horrible

stuff like this in modprobe.conf:
install pcmcia_core /sbin/modprobe --ignore-install pcmcia_core; /sbin/modprobe pcmcia
makes modprobe fork/exec endlessly calling itself...until oom
interrupts it"

Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

kbuild: fix make -rR breakage

make failed to supply the filename when using make -rR and using $(*F)
to get target filename without extension.
This bug was not reproduceable in small scale but using:
$(basename $(notdir $@)) fixes it with same functionality.

Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>

kbuild: obj-dirs is calculated incorrectly if hostprogs-y is defined

When Makefile.host is included, $(obj-dirs) is subjected to the
addprefix operation for the second time. Prefix only needs to be added
to the newly added directories, but not to those that came from
Makefile.lib.

This causes the build system to create unneeded empty directories in the
build tree when building in a separate directory. For instance,
lib/lib/zlib_inflate is created in the build tree.

Signed-off-by: Pavel Roskin <proski@gnu.org>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>

[PATCH] kbuild: obey HOSTLOADLIBES_programname for single-file compilation

Single-file HOSTCC calls added the libraries from $(HOSTLOADLIBES),
but not from $(HOSTLOADLIBES_programname). Multi-file HOSTCC calls do
both.

This patch fixes that inconsistency.

Signed-Off-By: Matthias Urlichs <smurf@debian.org>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>

Linux-2.6.12-rc2

Initial git repository build. I'm not bothering with the full history,
even though we have it. We can create a separate "historical" git
archive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it's about
3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early
git days unnecessarily complicated, when we don't have a lot of good
infrastructure for it.

Let it rip!