samples: make pidfd-metadata fail gracefully on older kernels

Initialize pidfd to an invalid descriptor, to fail gracefully on
those kernels that do not implement CLONE_PIDFD and leave pidfd
unchanged.

Signed-off-by: Dmitry V. Levin <ldv@altlinux.org>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <christian@brauner.io>

samples: fix pidfd-metadata compilation

Define __NR_pidfd_send_signal if it isn't to prevent a compilation error.

To make pidfd-metadata compile on all arches, irrespective of whether
or not syscall numbers are assigned, define the syscall number to -1.
If it isn't defined this will cause the kernel to return -ENOSYS.

Fixes: 43c6afee48d4 ("samples: show race-free pidfd metadata access")
Reported-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Reported-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: Christian Brauner <christian@brauner.io>
Signed-off-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
[christian@brauner.io: tweak commit message]
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <christian@brauner.io>

samples: show race-free pidfd metadata access

This is a sample program showing userspace how to get race-free access
to process metadata from a pidfd. It is rather easy to do and userspace
can actually simply reuse code that currently parses a process's status
file in procfs.
The program can easily be extended into a generic helper suitable for
inclusion in a libc to make it even easier for userspace to gain metadata
access.

Since this came up in a discussion because this API is going to be used
in various service managers: A lot of programs will have a whitelist
seccomp filter that returns <some-errno> for all new syscalls. This
means that programs might get confused if CLONE_PIDFD works but the
later pidfd_send_signal() syscall doesn't. Hence, here's a ahead of
time check that pidfd_send_signal() is supported:

bool pidfd_send_signal_supported()
{
int procfd = open("/proc/self", O_DIRECTORY | O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
if (procfd < 0)
return false;

/*
* A process is always allowed to signal itself so
* pidfd_send_signal() should never fail this test. If it does
* it must mean it is not available, blocked by an LSM, seccomp,
* or other.
*/
return pidfd_send_signal(procfd, 0, NULL, 0) == 0;
}

Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <christian@brauner.io>
Co-developed-by: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: "Michael Kerrisk (man-pages)" <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirsky <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Aleksa Sarai <cyphar@cyphar.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>