tracing: Disable "other" permission bits in the tracefs files

When building the files in the tracefs file system, do not by default set
any permissions for OTH (other). This will make it easier for admins who
want to define a group for accessing tracefs and not having to first
disable all the permission bits for "other" in the file system.

As tracing can leak sensitive information, it should never by default
allowing all users access. An admin can still set the permission bits for
others to have access, which may be useful for creating a honeypot and
seeing who takes advantage of it and roots the machine.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210818153038.864149276@goodmis.org

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

ftrace: Have the callbacks receive a struct ftrace_regs instead of pt_regs

In preparation to have arguments of a function passed to callbacks attached
to functions as default, change the default callback prototype to receive a
struct ftrace_regs as the forth parameter instead of a pt_regs.

For callbacks that set the FL_SAVE_REGS flag in their ftrace_ops flags, they
will now need to get the pt_regs via a ftrace_get_regs() helper call. If
this is called by a callback that their ftrace_ops did not have a
FL_SAVE_REGS flag set, it that helper function will return NULL.

This will allow the ftrace_regs to hold enough just to get the parameters
and stack pointer, but without the worry that callbacks may have a pt_regs
that is not completely filled.

Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

ftrace: Reverse what the RECURSION flag means in the ftrace_ops

Now that all callbacks are recursion safe, reverse the meaning of the
RECURSION flag and rename it from RECURSION_SAFE to simply RECURSION.
Now only callbacks that request to have recursion protecting it will
have the added trampoline to do so.

Also remove the outdated comment about "PER_CPU" when determining to
use the ftrace_ops_assist_func.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201028115613.742454631@goodmis.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201106023547.904270143@goodmis.org

Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jikos@kernel.org>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Miroslav Benes <mbenes@suse.cz>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: make tracing_init_dentry() returns an integer instead of a d_entry pointer

Current tracing_init_dentry() return a d_entry pointer, while is not
necessary. This function returns NULL on success or error on failure,
which means there is no valid d_entry pointer return.

Let's return 0 on success and negative value for error.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200712011036.70948-5-richard.weiyang@linux.alibaba.com

Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@linux.alibaba.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

trace: fix an incorrect __user annotation on stack_trace_sysctl

No user pointers for sysctls anymore.

Fixes: 32927393dc1c ("sysctl: pass kernel pointers to ->proc_handler")
Reported-by: build test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

tracing: Have stack tracer compile when MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE is not defined

On some archs with some configurations, MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE is not defined, and
this makes the stack tracer fail to compile. Just define it to zero in this
case.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/202001020219.zvE3vsty%lkp@intel.com

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 4df297129f622 ("tracing: Remove most or all of stack tracer stack size from stack_max_size")
Reported-by: kbuild test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Add locked_down checks to the open calls of files created for tracefs

Added various checks on open tracefs calls to see if tracefs is in lockdown
mode, and if so, to return -EPERM.

Note, the event format files (which are basically standard on all machines)
as well as the enabled_functions file (which shows what is currently being
traced) are not lockde down. Perhaps they should be, but it seems counter
intuitive to lockdown information to help you know if the system has been
modified.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/CAHk-=wj7fGPKUspr579Cii-w_y60PtRaiDgKuxVtBAMK0VNNkA@mail.gmail.com

Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Document the stack trace algorithm in the comments

As the max stack tracer algorithm is not that easy to understand from the
code, add comments that explain the algorithm and mentions how
ARCH_FTRACE_SHIFT_STACK_TRACER affects it.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190806123455.487ac02b@gandalf.local.home

Suggested-by: Joel Fernandes <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing/arm64: Have max stack tracer handle the case of return address after data

Most archs (well at least x86) store the function call return address on the
stack before storing the local variables for the function. The max stack
tracer depends on this in its algorithm to display the stack size of each
function it finds in the back trace.

Some archs (arm64), may store the return address (from its link register)
just before calling a nested function. There's no reason to save the link
register on leaf functions, as it wont be updated. This breaks the algorithm
of the max stack tracer.

Add a new define ARCH_FTRACE_SHIFT_STACK_TRACER that an architecture may set
if it stores the return address (link register) after it stores the
function's local variables, and have the stack trace shift the values of the
mapped stack size to the appropriate functions.

Link: 20190802094103.163576-1-jiping.ma2@windriver.com

Reported-by: Jiping Ma <jiping.ma2@windriver.com>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Remove the last struct stack_trace usage

Simplify the stack retrieval code by using the storage array based
interface.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Reviewed-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: kasan-dev@googlegroups.com
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: iommu@lists.linux-foundation.org
Cc: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Cc: Johannes Thumshirn <jthumshirn@suse.de>
Cc: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Cc: Chris Mason <clm@fb.com>
Cc: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Cc: linux-btrfs@vger.kernel.org
Cc: dm-devel@redhat.com
Cc: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Cc: Alasdair Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel@ffwll.ch>
Cc: intel-gfx@lists.freedesktop.org
Cc: Joonas Lahtinen <joonas.lahtinen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Maarten Lankhorst <maarten.lankhorst@linux.intel.com>
Cc: dri-devel@lists.freedesktop.org
Cc: David Airlie <airlied@linux.ie>
Cc: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Rodrigo Vivi <rodrigo.vivi@intel.com>
Cc: Tom Zanussi <tom.zanussi@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Miroslav Benes <mbenes@suse.cz>
Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190425094803.340000461@linutronix.de

tracing: Cleanup stack trace code

- Remove the extra array member of stack_dump_trace[] along with the
ARRAY_SIZE - 1 initialization for struct stack_trace :: max_entries.

Both are historical leftovers of no value. The stack tracer never exceeds
the array and there is no extra storage requirement either.

- Make variables which are only used in trace_stack.c static.

- Simplify the enable/disable logic.

- Rename stack_trace_print() as it's using the stack_trace_ namespace. Free
the name up for stack trace related functions.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Reviewed-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: kasan-dev@googlegroups.com
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: iommu@lists.linux-foundation.org
Cc: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Cc: Johannes Thumshirn <jthumshirn@suse.de>
Cc: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Cc: Chris Mason <clm@fb.com>
Cc: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Cc: linux-btrfs@vger.kernel.org
Cc: dm-devel@redhat.com
Cc: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Cc: Alasdair Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel@ffwll.ch>
Cc: intel-gfx@lists.freedesktop.org
Cc: Joonas Lahtinen <joonas.lahtinen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Maarten Lankhorst <maarten.lankhorst@linux.intel.com>
Cc: dri-devel@lists.freedesktop.org
Cc: David Airlie <airlied@linux.ie>
Cc: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Rodrigo Vivi <rodrigo.vivi@intel.com>
Cc: Tom Zanussi <tom.zanussi@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Miroslav Benes <mbenes@suse.cz>
Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190425094801.230654524@linutronix.de

tracing: Remove the ULONG_MAX stack trace hackery

No architecture terminates the stack trace with ULONG_MAX anymore. As the
code checks the number of entries stored anyway there is no point in
keeping all that ULONG_MAX magic around.

The histogram code zeroes the storage before saving the stack, so if the
trace is shorter than the maximum number of entries it can terminate the
print loop if a zero entry is detected.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190410103645.048761764@linutronix.de

tracing: Use the return of str_has_prefix() to remove open coded numbers

There are several locations that compare constants to the beginning of
string variables to determine what commands should be done, then the
constant length is used to index into the string. This is error prone as the
hard coded numbers have to match the size of the constants. Instead, use the
len returned from str_has_prefix() and remove the open coded string length
sizes.

Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> (for trace_probe part)
Acked-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Use str_has_prefix() instead of using fixed sizes

There are several instances of strncmp(str, "const", 123), where 123 is the
strlen of the const string to check if "const" is the prefix of str. But
this can be error prone. Use str_has_prefix() instead.

Acked-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Have trace_stack nr_entries compare not be so subtle

Dan Carpenter reviewed the trace_stack.c code and figured he found an off by
one bug.

"From reviewing the code, it seems possible for
stack_trace_max.nr_entries to be set to .max_entries and in that case we
would be reading one element beyond the end of the stack_dump_trace[]
array. If it's not set to .max_entries then the bug doesn't affect
runtime."

Although it looks to be the case, it is not. Because we have:

static unsigned long stack_dump_trace[STACK_TRACE_ENTRIES+1] =
{ [0 ... (STACK_TRACE_ENTRIES)] = ULONG_MAX };

struct stack_trace stack_trace_max = {
.max_entries = STACK_TRACE_ENTRIES - 1,
.entries = &stack_dump_trace[0],
};

And:

stack_trace_max.nr_entries = x;
for (; x < i; x++)
stack_dump_trace[x] = ULONG_MAX;

Even if nr_entries equals max_entries, indexing with it into the
stack_dump_trace[] array will not overflow the array. But if it is the case,
the second part of the conditional that tests stack_dump_trace[nr_entries]
to ULONG_MAX will always be true.

By applying Dan's patch, it removes the subtle aspect of it and makes the if
conditional slightly more efficient.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180620110758.crunhd5bfep7zuiz@kili.mountain

Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Have stack tracer trace full stack

The stack tracer traces every function call checking the current stack (in
non interrupt context), looking for the deepest stack, and saving it when it
finds a new max depth. The problem is that it calls save_stack_trace(), and
with the new ORC unwinder, it can skip too much. As it looks at the ip of
the function call in the backtrace to find where it should start, it doesn't
need to skip anything.

The stack trace selftest would fail when the kernel was complied with the
ORC UNDWINDER enabled. Without skipping functions when doing the stack
trace, it now passes again.

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Fix the file mode of stack tracer

It looks weird that the stack_trace_filter file can be written by root
but shows that it does not have write permission by ll command.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1518054113-28096-1-git-send-email-liuzhengyuan@kylinos.cn

Signed-off-by: Zhengyuan Liu <liuzhengyuan@kylinos.cn>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Have stack trace not record if RCU is not watching

The stack tracer records a stack dump whenever it sees a stack usage that is
more than what it ever saw before. This can happen at any function that is
being traced. If it happens when the CPU is going idle (or other strange
locations), RCU may not be watching, and in this case, the recording of the
stack trace will trigger a warning. There's been lots of efforts to make
hacks to allow stack tracing to proceed even if RCU is not watching, but
this only causes more issues to appear. Simply do not trace a stack if RCU
is not watching. It probably isn't a bad stack anyway.

Acked-by: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.

For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139

and resulted in the first patch in this series.

If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930

and resulted in the second patch in this series.

- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1

and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).

- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

locking/atomics: COCCINELLE/treewide: Convert trivial ACCESS_ONCE() patterns to READ_ONCE()/WRITE_ONCE()

Please do not apply this to mainline directly, instead please re-run the
coccinelle script shown below and apply its output.

For several reasons, it is desirable to use {READ,WRITE}_ONCE() in
preference to ACCESS_ONCE(), and new code is expected to use one of the
former. So far, there's been no reason to change most existing uses of
ACCESS_ONCE(), as these aren't harmful, and changing them results in
churn.

However, for some features, the read/write distinction is critical to
correct operation. To distinguish these cases, separate read/write
accessors must be used. This patch migrates (most) remaining
ACCESS_ONCE() instances to {READ,WRITE}_ONCE(), using the following
coccinelle script:

----
// Convert trivial ACCESS_ONCE() uses to equivalent READ_ONCE() and
// WRITE_ONCE()

// $ make coccicheck COCCI=/home/mark/once.cocci SPFLAGS="--include-headers" MODE=patch

virtual patch

@ depends on patch @
expression E1, E2;
@@

- ACCESS_ONCE(E1) = E2
+ WRITE_ONCE(E1, E2)

@ depends on patch @
expression E;
@@

- ACCESS_ONCE(E)
+ READ_ONCE(E)
----

Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: davem@davemloft.net
Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org
Cc: mpe@ellerman.id.au
Cc: shuah@kernel.org
Cc: snitzer@redhat.com
Cc: thor.thayer@linux.intel.com
Cc: tj@kernel.org
Cc: viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk
Cc: will.deacon@arm.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1508792849-3115-19-git-send-email-paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

tracing: Remove RCU work arounds from stack tracer

Currently the stack tracer calls rcu_irq_enter() to make sure RCU
is watching when it records a stack trace. But if the stack tracer
is triggered while tracing inside of a rcu_irq_enter(), calling
rcu_irq_enter() unconditionally can be problematic.

The reason for having rcu_irq_enter() in the first place has been
fixed from within the saving of the stack trace code, and there's no
reason for doing it in the stack tracer itself. Just remove it.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 0be964be0 ("module: Sanitize RCU usage and locking")
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Suggested-by: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Do note expose stack_trace_filter without DYNAMIC_FTRACE

The "stack_trace_filter" file only makes sense if DYNAMIC_FTRACE is
configured in. If it is not, then the user can not filter any functions.

Not only that, the open function causes warnings when DYNAMIC_FTRACE is not
set.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170710110521.600806-1-arnd@arndb.de

Reported-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

ftrace: Fix regression with module command in stack_trace_filter

When doing the following command:

# echo ":mod:kvm_intel" > /sys/kernel/tracing/stack_trace_filter

it triggered a crash.

This happened with the clean up of probes. It required all callers to the
regex function (doing ftrace filtering) to have ops->private be a pointer to
a trace_array. But for the stack tracer, that is not the case.

Allow for the ops->private to be NULL, and change the function command
callbacks to handle the trace_array pointer being NULL as well.

Fixes: d2afd57a4b96 ("tracing/ftrace: Allow instances to have their own function probes")
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

rcu/tracing: Add rcu_disabled to denote when rcu_irq_enter() will not work

Tracing uses rcu_irq_enter() as a way to make sure that RCU is watching when
it needs to use rcu_read_lock() and friends. This is because tracing can
happen as RCU is about to enter user space, or about to go idle, and RCU
does not watch for RCU read side critical sections as it makes the
transition.

There is a small location within the RCU infrastructure that rcu_irq_enter()
itself will not work. If tracing were to occur in that section it will break
if it tries to use rcu_irq_enter().

Originally, this happens with the stack_tracer, because it will call
save_stack_trace when it encounters stack usage that is greater than any
stack usage it had encountered previously. There was a case where that
happened in the RCU section where rcu_irq_enter() did not work, and lockdep
complained loudly about it. To fix it, stack tracing added a call to be
disabled and RCU would disable stack tracing during the critical section
that rcu_irq_enter() was inoperable. This solution worked, but there are
other cases that use rcu_irq_enter() and it would be a good idea to let RCU
give a way to let others know that rcu_irq_enter() will not work. For
example, in trace events.

Another helpful aspect of this change is that it also moves the per cpu
variable called in the RCU critical section into a cache locale along with
other RCU per cpu variables used in that same location.

I'm keeping the stack_trace_disable() code, as that still could be used in
the future by places that really need to disable it. And since it's only a
static inline, it wont take up any kernel text if it is not used.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170405093207.404f8deb@gandalf.local.home

Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Rename trace_active to disable_stack_tracer and inline its modification

In order to eliminate a function call, make "trace_active" into
"disable_stack_tracer" and convert stack_tracer_disable() and friends into
static inline functions.

Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Add stack_tracer_disable/enable() functions

There are certain parts of the kernel that cannot let stack tracing
proceed (namely in RCU), because the stack tracer uses RCU, and parts of RCU
internals cannot handle having RCU read side locks taken.

Add stack_tracer_disable() and stack_tracer_enable() functions to let RCU
stop stack tracing on the current CPU when it is in those critical sections.

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Replace the per_cpu() with __this_cpu*() in trace_stack.c

The updates to the trace_active per cpu variable can be updated with the
__this_cpu_*() functions as it only gets updated on the CPU that the variable
is on.

Thanks to Paul McKenney for suggesting __this_cpu_* instead of this_cpu_*.

Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

scripts/spelling.txt: add "overide" pattern and fix typo instances

Fix typos and add the following to the scripts/spelling.txt:

overide||override

While we are here, fix the doubled "address" in the touched line
Documentation/devicetree/bindings/regulator/ti-abb-regulator.txt.

Also, fix the comment block style in the touched hunks in
drivers/media/dvb-frontends/drx39xyj/drx_driver.h.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1481573103-11329-21-git-send-email-yamada.masahiro@socionext.com
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

sched/headers: Prepare for new header dependencies before moving code to <linux/sched/task_stack.h>

We are going to split <linux/sched/task_stack.h> out of <linux/sched.h>, which
will have to be picked up from other headers and a couple of .c files.

Create a trivial placeholder <linux/sched/task_stack.h> file that just
maps to <linux/sched.h> to make this patch obviously correct and
bisectable.

Include the new header in the files that are going to need it.

Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

tracing, kasan: Silence Kasan warning in check_stack of stack_tracer

When enabling stack trace via "echo 1 > /proc/sys/kernel/stack_tracer_enabled",
the below KASAN warning is triggered:

BUG: KASAN: stack-out-of-bounds in check_stack+0x344/0x848 at addr ffffffc0689ebab8
Read of size 8 by task ksoftirqd/4/29
page:ffffffbdc3a27ac0 count:0 mapcount:0 mapping: (null) index:0x0
flags: 0x0()
page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected
CPU: 4 PID: 29 Comm: ksoftirqd/4 Not tainted 4.5.0-rc1 #129
Hardware name: Freescale Layerscape 2085a RDB Board (DT)
Call trace:
[<ffffffc000091300>] dump_backtrace+0x0/0x3a0
[<ffffffc0000916c4>] show_stack+0x24/0x30
[<ffffffc0009bbd78>] dump_stack+0xd8/0x168
[<ffffffc000420bb0>] kasan_report_error+0x6a0/0x920
[<ffffffc000421688>] kasan_report+0x70/0xb8
[<ffffffc00041f7f0>] __asan_load8+0x60/0x78
[<ffffffc0002e05c4>] check_stack+0x344/0x848
[<ffffffc0002e0c8c>] stack_trace_call+0x1c4/0x370
[<ffffffc0002af558>] ftrace_ops_no_ops+0x2c0/0x590
[<ffffffc00009f25c>] ftrace_graph_call+0x0/0x14
[<ffffffc0000881bc>] fpsimd_thread_switch+0x24/0x1e8
[<ffffffc000089864>] __switch_to+0x34/0x218
[<ffffffc0011e089c>] __schedule+0x3ac/0x15b8
[<ffffffc0011e1f6c>] schedule+0x5c/0x178
[<ffffffc0001632a8>] smpboot_thread_fn+0x350/0x960
[<ffffffc00015b518>] kthread+0x1d8/0x2b0
[<ffffffc0000874d0>] ret_from_fork+0x10/0x40
Memory state around the buggy address:
ffffffc0689eb980: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 f1 f1 f1 f1 00 f4 f4 f4
ffffffc0689eba00: f3 f3 f3 f3 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
>ffffffc0689eba80: 00 00 f1 f1 f1 f1 00 f4 f4 f4 f3 f3 f3 f3 00 00
^
ffffffc0689ebb00: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
ffffffc0689ebb80: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

The stacker tracer traverses the whole kernel stack when saving the max stack
trace. It may touch the stack red zones to cause the warning. So, just disable
the instrumentation to silence the warning.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1455309960-18930-1-git-send-email-yang.shi@linaro.org

Signed-off-by: Yang Shi <yang.shi@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing/stacktrace: Show entire trace if passed in function not found

When a max stack trace is discovered, the stack dump is saved. In order to
not record the overhead of the stack tracer, the ip of the traced function
is looked for within the dump. The trace is started from the location of
that function. But if for some reason the ip is not found, the entire stack
trace is then truncated. That's not very useful. Instead, print everything
if the ip of the traced function is not found within the trace.

This issue showed up on s390.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160129102241.1b3c9c04@gandalf.local.home

Fixes: 72ac426a5bb0 ("tracing: Clean up stack tracing and fix fentry updates")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.3+
Reported-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Rename max_stack_lock to stack_trace_max_lock

Now that max_stack_lock is a global variable, it requires a naming
convention that is unlikely to collide. Rename it to the same naming
convention that the other stack_trace variables have.

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Allow arch-specific stack tracer

A stack frame may be used in a different way depending on cpu architecture.
Thus it is not always appropriate to slurp the stack contents, as current
check_stack() does, in order to calcurate a stack index (height) at a given
function call. At least not on arm64.
In addition, there is a possibility that we will mistakenly detect a stale
stack frame which has not been overwritten.

This patch makes check_stack() a weak function so as to later implement
arch-specific version.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1446182741-31019-5-git-send-email-takahiro.akashi@linaro.org

Signed-off-by: AKASHI Takahiro <takahiro.akashi@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Do not allow stack_tracer to record stack in NMI

The code in stack tracer should not be executed within an NMI as it grabs
spinlocks and stack tracing an NMI gives the possibility of causing a
deadlock. Although this is safe on x86_64, because it does not perform stack
traces when the task struct stack is not in use (interrupts and NMIs), it
may be an issue for NMIs on i386 and other archs that use the same stack as
the NMI.

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Have stack tracer force RCU to be watching

The stack tracer was triggering the WARN_ON() in module.c:

static void module_assert_mutex_or_preempt(void)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP
if (unlikely(!debug_locks))
return;

WARN_ON(!rcu_read_lock_sched_held() &&
!lockdep_is_held(&module_mutex));
#endif
}

The reason is that the stack tracer traces all function calls, and some of
those calls happen while exiting or entering user space and idle. Some of
these functions are called after RCU had already stopped watching, as RCU
does not watch userspace or idle CPUs.

If a max stack is hit, then the save_stack_trace() is called, which will
check module addresses and call module_assert_mutex_or_preempt(), and then
trigger the warning. Sad part is, the warning itself will also do a stack
trace and tigger the same warning. That probably should be fixed.

The warning was added by 0be964be0d45 "module: Sanitize RCU usage and
locking" but this bug has probably been around longer. But it's unlikely to
cause much harm, but the new warning causes the system to lock up.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 4.2+
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc:"Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Clean up stack tracing and fix fentry updates

Akashi Takahiro was porting the stack tracer to arm64 and found some
issues with it. One was that it repeats the top function, due to the
stack frame added by the mcount caller and added by itself. This
was added when fentry came in, and before fentry created its own stack
frame. But x86's fentry now creates its own stack frame, and there's
no need to insert the function again.

This also cleans up the code a bit, where it doesn't need to do something
special for fentry, and doesn't include insertion of a duplicate
entry for the called function being traced.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/55A646EE.6030402@linaro.org

Some-suggestions-by: Jungseok Lee <jungseoklee85@gmail.com>
Some-suggestions-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reported-by: AKASHI Takahiro <takahiro.akashi@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: remove use of seq_printf return value

The seq_printf return value, because it's frequently misused,
will eventually be converted to void.

See: commit 1f33c41c03da ("seq_file: Rename seq_overflow() to
seq_has_overflowed() and make public")

Miscellanea:

o Remove unused return value from trace_lookup_stack

Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

tracing: Use IS_ERR() check for return value of tracing_init_dentry()

tracing_init_dentry() will soon return NULL as a valid pointer for the
top level tracing directroy. NULL can not be used as an error value.
Instead, switch to ERR_PTR() and check the return status with
IS_ERR().

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Remove unneeded includes of debugfs.h and fs.h

The creation of tracing files and directories is for the most part
encapsulated in helper functions in trace.c. Other files do not need to
include debugfs.h or fs.h, as they may have needed to in the past.

Remove them from the files that do not need them.

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

sched: Add helper for task stack page overrun checking

This facility is used in a few places so let's introduce
a helper function to improve code readability.

Signed-off-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Cc: dzickus@redhat.com
Cc: bmr@redhat.com
Cc: jcastillo@redhat.com
Cc: oleg@redhat.com
Cc: riel@redhat.com
Cc: prarit@redhat.com
Cc: jgh@redhat.com
Cc: minchan@kernel.org
Cc: mpe@ellerman.id.au
Cc: tglx@linutronix.de
Cc: hannes@cmpxchg.org
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Seiji Aguchi <seiji.aguchi@hds.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1410527779-8133-3-git-send-email-atomlin@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

init/main.c: Give init_task a canary

Tasks get their end of stack set to STACK_END_MAGIC with the
aim to catch stack overruns. Currently this feature does not
apply to init_task. This patch removes this restriction.

Note that a similar patch was posted by Prarit Bhargava
some time ago but was never merged:

http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=127144305403241&w=2

Signed-off-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Cc: dzickus@redhat.com
Cc: bmr@redhat.com
Cc: jcastillo@redhat.com
Cc: jgh@redhat.com
Cc: minchan@kernel.org
Cc: tglx@linutronix.de
Cc: hannes@cmpxchg.org
Cc: Alex Thorlton <athorlton@sgi.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Daeseok Youn <daeseok.youn@gmail.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Fabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Cc: Michael Opdenacker <michael.opdenacker@free-electrons.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Prarit Bhargava <prarit@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Seiji Aguchi <seiji.aguchi@hds.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1410527779-8133-2-git-send-email-atomlin@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

tracing: Print max callstack on stacktrace bug

While I played with my own feature(ex, something on the way to reclaim),
the kernel would easily oops. I guessed that the reason had to do with
stack overflow and wanted to prove it.

I discovered the stack tracer which proved to be very useful for me but
the kernel would oops before my user program gather the information via
"watch cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/stack_trace" so I couldn't get any
message from that. What I needed was to have the stack tracer emit the
kernel stack usage before it does the oops so I could find what was
hogging the stack.

This patch shows the callstack of max stack usage right before an oops so
we can find a culprit.

So, the result is as follows.

[ 1116.522206] init: lightdm main process (1246) terminated with status 1
[ 1119.922916] init: failsafe-x main process (1272) terminated with status 1
[ 3887.728131] kworker/u24:1 (6637) used greatest stack depth: 256 bytes left
[ 6397.629227] cc1 (9554) used greatest stack depth: 128 bytes left
[ 7174.467392] Depth Size Location (47 entries)
[ 7174.467392] ----- ---- --------
[ 7174.467785] 0) 7248 256 get_page_from_freelist+0xa7/0x920
[ 7174.468506] 1) 6992 352 __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x1cd/0xb20
[ 7174.469224] 2) 6640 8 alloc_pages_current+0x10f/0x1f0
[ 7174.469413] 3) 6632 168 new_slab+0x2c5/0x370
[ 7174.469413] 4) 6464 8 __slab_alloc+0x3a9/0x501
[ 7174.469413] 5) 6456 80 __kmalloc+0x1cb/0x200
[ 7174.469413] 6) 6376 376 vring_add_indirect+0x36/0x200
[ 7174.469413] 7) 6000 144 virtqueue_add_sgs+0x2e2/0x320
[ 7174.469413] 8) 5856 288 __virtblk_add_req+0xda/0x1b0
[ 7174.469413] 9) 5568 96 virtio_queue_rq+0xd3/0x1d0
[ 7174.469413] 10) 5472 128 __blk_mq_run_hw_queue+0x1ef/0x440
[ 7174.469413] 11) 5344 16 blk_mq_run_hw_queue+0x35/0x40
[ 7174.469413] 12) 5328 96 blk_mq_insert_requests+0xdb/0x160
[ 7174.469413] 13) 5232 112 blk_mq_flush_plug_list+0x12b/0x140
[ 7174.469413] 14) 5120 112 blk_flush_plug_list+0xc7/0x220
[ 7174.469413] 15) 5008 64 io_schedule_timeout+0x88/0x100
[ 7174.469413] 16) 4944 128 mempool_alloc+0x145/0x170
[ 7174.469413] 17) 4816 96 bio_alloc_bioset+0x10b/0x1d0
[ 7174.469413] 18) 4720 48 get_swap_bio+0x30/0x90
[ 7174.469413] 19) 4672 160 __swap_writepage+0x150/0x230
[ 7174.469413] 20) 4512 32 swap_writepage+0x42/0x90
[ 7174.469413] 21) 4480 320 shrink_page_list+0x676/0xa80
[ 7174.469413] 22) 4160 208 shrink_inactive_list+0x262/0x4e0
[ 7174.469413] 23) 3952 304 shrink_lruvec+0x3e1/0x6a0
[ 7174.469413] 24) 3648 80 shrink_zone+0x3f/0x110
[ 7174.469413] 25) 3568 128 do_try_to_free_pages+0x156/0x4c0
[ 7174.469413] 26) 3440 208 try_to_free_pages+0xf7/0x1e0
[ 7174.469413] 27) 3232 352 __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x783/0xb20
[ 7174.469413] 28) 2880 8 alloc_pages_current+0x10f/0x1f0
[ 7174.469413] 29) 2872 200 __page_cache_alloc+0x13f/0x160
[ 7174.469413] 30) 2672 80 find_or_create_page+0x4c/0xb0
[ 7174.469413] 31) 2592 80 ext4_mb_load_buddy+0x1e9/0x370
[ 7174.469413] 32) 2512 176 ext4_mb_regular_allocator+0x1b7/0x460
[ 7174.469413] 33) 2336 128 ext4_mb_new_blocks+0x458/0x5f0
[ 7174.469413] 34) 2208 256 ext4_ext_map_blocks+0x70b/0x1010
[ 7174.469413] 35) 1952 160 ext4_map_blocks+0x325/0x530
[ 7174.469413] 36) 1792 384 ext4_writepages+0x6d1/0xce0
[ 7174.469413] 37) 1408 16 do_writepages+0x23/0x40
[ 7174.469413] 38) 1392 96 __writeback_single_inode+0x45/0x2e0
[ 7174.469413] 39) 1296 176 writeback_sb_inodes+0x2ad/0x500
[ 7174.469413] 40) 1120 80 __writeback_inodes_wb+0x9e/0xd0
[ 7174.469413] 41) 1040 160 wb_writeback+0x29b/0x350
[ 7174.469413] 42) 880 208 bdi_writeback_workfn+0x11c/0x480
[ 7174.469413] 43) 672 144 process_one_work+0x1d2/0x570
[ 7174.469413] 44) 528 112 worker_thread+0x116/0x370
[ 7174.469413] 45) 416 240 kthread+0xf3/0x110
[ 7174.469413] 46) 176 176 ret_from_fork+0x7c/0xb0
[ 7174.469413] ------------[ cut here ]------------
[ 7174.469413] kernel BUG at kernel/trace/trace_stack.c:174!
[ 7174.469413] invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
[ 7174.469413] Dumping ftrace buffer:
[ 7174.469413] (ftrace buffer empty)
[ 7174.469413] Modules linked in:
[ 7174.469413] CPU: 0 PID: 440 Comm: kworker/u24:0 Not tainted 3.14.0+ #212
[ 7174.469413] Hardware name: Bochs Bochs, BIOS Bochs 01/01/2011
[ 7174.469413] Workqueue: writeback bdi_writeback_workfn (flush-253:0)
[ 7174.469413] task: ffff880034170000 ti: ffff880029518000 task.ti: ffff880029518000
[ 7174.469413] RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff8112336e>] [<ffffffff8112336e>] stack_trace_call+0x2de/0x340
[ 7174.469413] RSP: 0000:ffff880029518290 EFLAGS: 00010046
[ 7174.469413] RAX: 0000000000000030 RBX: 000000000000002f RCX: 0000000000000000
[ 7174.469413] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 000000000000002f RDI: ffffffff810b7159
[ 7174.469413] RBP: ffff8800295182f0 R08: ffffffffffffffff R09: 0000000000000000
[ 7174.469413] R10: 0000000000000001 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: ffffffff82768dfc
[ 7174.469413] R13: 000000000000f2e8 R14: ffff8800295182b8 R15: 00000000000000f8
[ 7174.469413] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff880037c00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
[ 7174.469413] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 000000008005003b
[ 7174.469413] CR2: 00002acd0b994000 CR3: 0000000001c0b000 CR4: 00000000000006f0
[ 7174.469413] Stack:
[ 7174.469413] 0000000000000000 ffffffff8114fdb7 0000000000000087 0000000000001c50
[ 7174.469413] 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000
[ 7174.469413] 0000000000000002 ffff880034170000 ffff880034171028 0000000000000000
[ 7174.469413] Call Trace:
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8114fdb7>] ? get_page_from_freelist+0xa7/0x920
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff816eee3f>] ftrace_call+0x5/0x2f
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81165065>] ? next_zones_zonelist+0x5/0x70
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff810a23fa>] ? __bfs+0x11a/0x270
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81165065>] ? next_zones_zonelist+0x5/0x70
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8114fdb7>] ? get_page_from_freelist+0xa7/0x920
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8119092f>] ? alloc_pages_current+0x10f/0x1f0
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff811507fd>] __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x1cd/0xb20
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff810a4de6>] ? check_irq_usage+0x96/0xe0
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff816eee3f>] ? ftrace_call+0x5/0x2f
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8119092f>] alloc_pages_current+0x10f/0x1f0
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81199cd5>] ? new_slab+0x2c5/0x370
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81199cd5>] new_slab+0x2c5/0x370
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff816eee3f>] ? ftrace_call+0x5/0x2f
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff816db002>] __slab_alloc+0x3a9/0x501
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8119af8b>] ? __kmalloc+0x1cb/0x200
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8141dc46>] ? vring_add_indirect+0x36/0x200
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8141dc46>] ? vring_add_indirect+0x36/0x200
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8141dc46>] ? vring_add_indirect+0x36/0x200
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8119af8b>] __kmalloc+0x1cb/0x200
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8141de10>] ? vring_add_indirect+0x200/0x200
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8141dc46>] vring_add_indirect+0x36/0x200
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8141e402>] virtqueue_add_sgs+0x2e2/0x320
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8148e35a>] __virtblk_add_req+0xda/0x1b0
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8148e503>] virtio_queue_rq+0xd3/0x1d0
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8134aa0f>] __blk_mq_run_hw_queue+0x1ef/0x440
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8134b0d5>] blk_mq_run_hw_queue+0x35/0x40
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8134b7bb>] blk_mq_insert_requests+0xdb/0x160
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8134be5b>] blk_mq_flush_plug_list+0x12b/0x140
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81342237>] blk_flush_plug_list+0xc7/0x220
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff816e60ef>] ? _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x3f/0x70
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff816e16e8>] io_schedule_timeout+0x88/0x100
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff816e1665>] ? io_schedule_timeout+0x5/0x100
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81149415>] mempool_alloc+0x145/0x170
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8109baf0>] ? __init_waitqueue_head+0x60/0x60
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff811e246b>] bio_alloc_bioset+0x10b/0x1d0
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81184230>] ? end_swap_bio_read+0xc0/0xc0
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81184230>] ? end_swap_bio_read+0xc0/0xc0
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81184110>] get_swap_bio+0x30/0x90
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81184230>] ? end_swap_bio_read+0xc0/0xc0
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81184660>] __swap_writepage+0x150/0x230
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff810ab405>] ? do_raw_spin_unlock+0x5/0xa0
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81184230>] ? end_swap_bio_read+0xc0/0xc0
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81184515>] ? __swap_writepage+0x5/0x230
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81184782>] swap_writepage+0x42/0x90
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8115ae96>] shrink_page_list+0x676/0xa80
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff816eee3f>] ? ftrace_call+0x5/0x2f
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8115b872>] shrink_inactive_list+0x262/0x4e0
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8115c1c1>] shrink_lruvec+0x3e1/0x6a0
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8115c4bf>] shrink_zone+0x3f/0x110
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff816eee3f>] ? ftrace_call+0x5/0x2f
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8115c9e6>] do_try_to_free_pages+0x156/0x4c0
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8115cf47>] try_to_free_pages+0xf7/0x1e0
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81150db3>] __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x783/0xb20
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8119092f>] alloc_pages_current+0x10f/0x1f0
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81145c0f>] ? __page_cache_alloc+0x13f/0x160
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81145c0f>] __page_cache_alloc+0x13f/0x160
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81146c6c>] find_or_create_page+0x4c/0xb0
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff811463e5>] ? find_get_page+0x5/0x130
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff812837b9>] ext4_mb_load_buddy+0x1e9/0x370
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81284c07>] ext4_mb_regular_allocator+0x1b7/0x460
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81281070>] ? ext4_mb_use_preallocated+0x40/0x360
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff816eee3f>] ? ftrace_call+0x5/0x2f
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81287eb8>] ext4_mb_new_blocks+0x458/0x5f0
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8127d83b>] ext4_ext_map_blocks+0x70b/0x1010
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff8124e6d5>] ext4_map_blocks+0x325/0x530
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81253871>] ext4_writepages+0x6d1/0xce0
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff812531a0>] ? ext4_journalled_write_end+0x330/0x330
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff811539b3>] do_writepages+0x23/0x40
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff811d2365>] __writeback_single_inode+0x45/0x2e0
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff811d36ed>] writeback_sb_inodes+0x2ad/0x500
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff811d39de>] __writeback_inodes_wb+0x9e/0xd0
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff811d40bb>] wb_writeback+0x29b/0x350
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81057c3d>] ? __local_bh_enable_ip+0x6d/0xd0
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff811d6e9c>] bdi_writeback_workfn+0x11c/0x480
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81070610>] ? process_one_work+0x170/0x570
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81070672>] process_one_work+0x1d2/0x570
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81070610>] ? process_one_work+0x170/0x570
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81071bb6>] worker_thread+0x116/0x370
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81071aa0>] ? manage_workers.isra.19+0x2e0/0x2e0
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81078e53>] kthread+0xf3/0x110
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81078d60>] ? flush_kthread_worker+0x150/0x150
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff816ef0ec>] ret_from_fork+0x7c/0xb0
[ 7174.469413] [<ffffffff81078d60>] ? flush_kthread_worker+0x150/0x150
[ 7174.469413] Code: c0 49 bc fc 8d 76 82 ff ff ff ff e8 44 5a 5b 00 31 f6 8b 05 95 2b b3 00 48 39 c6 7d 0e 4c 8b 04 f5 20 5f c5 81 49 83 f8 ff 75 11 <0f> 0b 48 63 05 71 5a 64 01 48 29 c3 e9 d0 fd ff ff 48 8d 5e 01
[ 7174.469413] RIP [<ffffffff8112336e>] stack_trace_call+0x2de/0x340
[ 7174.469413] RSP <ffff880029518290>
[ 7174.469413] ---[ end trace c97d325b36b718f3 ]---

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/p/1401683592-1651-1-git-send-email-minchan@kernel.org

Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing/stack_trace: Skip 4 instead of 3 when using ftrace_ops_list_func

When using ftrace_ops_list_func, we should skip 4 instead of 3,
to avoid ftrace_call+0x5/0xb appearing in the stack trace:

Depth Size Location (110 entries)
----- ---- --------
0) 2956 0 update_curr+0xe/0x1e0
1) 2956 68 ftrace_call+0x5/0xb
2) 2888 92 enqueue_entity+0x53/0xe80
3) 2796 80 enqueue_task_fair+0x47/0x7e0
4) 2716 28 enqueue_task+0x45/0x70
5) 2688 12 activate_task+0x22/0x30

Add a function using_ftrace_ops_list_func() to test for this while keeping
ftrace_ops_list_func to remain static.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/p/1398006644-5935-2-git-send-email-wangjiaxing@insigma.com.cn

Signed-off-by: Jiaxing Wang <wangjiaxing@insigma.com.cn>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Add BUG_ON when stack end location is over written

It is difficult to detect a stack overrun when it
actually occurs.

We have observed that this type of corruption is often
silent and can go unnoticed. Once the corrupted region
is examined, the outcome is undefined and often
results in sporadic system crashes.

When the stack tracing feature is enabled, let's check
for this condition and take appropriate action.

Note: init_task doesn't get its stack end location
set to STACK_END_MAGIC.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1395669837-30209-1-git-send-email-atomlin@redhat.com

Signed-off-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Add generic tracing_lseek() function

Trace event triggers added a lseek that uses the ftrace_filter_lseek()
function. Unfortunately, when function tracing is not configured in
that function is not defined and the kernel fails to build.

This is the second time that function was added to a file ops and
it broke the build due to requiring special config dependencies.

Make a generic tracing_lseek() that all the tracing utilities may
use.

Also, modify the old ftrace_filter_lseek() to return 0 instead of
1 on WRONLY. Not sure why it was a 1 as that does not make sense.

This also changes the old tracing_seek() to modify the file pos
pointer on WRONLY as well.

Reported-by: kbuild test robot <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Tested-by: Tom Zanussi <tom.zanussi@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Tom Zanussi <tom.zanussi@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Check return value of tracing_init_dentry()

Check return value and bail out if it's NULL.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1365553093-10180-2-git-send-email-namhyung@kernel.org

Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung.kim@lge.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Fix possible NULL pointer dereferences

Currently set_ftrace_pid and set_graph_function files use seq_lseek
for their fops. However seq_open() is called only for FMODE_READ in
the fops->open() so that if an user tries to seek one of those file
when she open it for writing, it sees NULL seq_file and then panic.

It can be easily reproduced with following command:

$ cd /sys/kernel/debug/tracing
$ echo 1234 | sudo tee -a set_ftrace_pid

In this example, GNU coreutils' tee opens the file with fopen(, "a")
and then the fopen() internally calls lseek().

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1365663302-2170-1-git-send-email-namhyung@kernel.org

Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung.kim@lge.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Remove most or all of stack tracer stack size from stack_max_size

Currently, the depth reported in the stack tracer stack_trace file
does not match the stack_max_size file. This is because the stack_max_size
includes the overhead of stack tracer itself while the depth does not.

The first time a max is triggered, a calculation is not performed that
figures out the overhead of the stack tracer and subtracts it from
the stack_max_size variable. The overhead is stored and is subtracted
from the reported stack size for comparing for a new max.

Now the stack_max_size corresponds to the reported depth:

# cat stack_max_size
4640

# cat stack_trace
Depth Size Location (48 entries)
----- ---- --------
0) 4640 32 _raw_spin_lock+0x18/0x24
1) 4608 112 ____cache_alloc+0xb7/0x22d
2) 4496 80 kmem_cache_alloc+0x63/0x12f
3) 4416 16 mempool_alloc_slab+0x15/0x17
[...]

While testing against and older gcc on x86 that uses mcount instead
of fentry, I found that pasing in ip + MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE let the
stack trace show one more function deep which was missing before.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Fix stack tracer with fentry use

When gcc 4.6 on x86 is used, the function tracer will use the new
option -mfentry which does a call to "fentry" at every function
instead of "mcount". The significance of this is that fentry is
called as the first operation of the function instead of the mcount
usage of being called after the stack.

This causes the stack tracer to show some bogus results for the size
of the last function traced, as well as showing "ftrace_call" instead
of the function. This is due to the stack frame not being set up
by the function that is about to be traced.

# cat stack_trace
Depth Size Location (48 entries)
----- ---- --------
0) 4824 216 ftrace_call+0x5/0x2f
1) 4608 112 ____cache_alloc+0xb7/0x22d
2) 4496 80 kmem_cache_alloc+0x63/0x12f

The 216 size for ftrace_call includes both the ftrace_call stack
(which includes the saving of registers it does), as well as the
stack size of the parent.

To fix this, if CC_USING_FENTRY is defined, then the stack_tracer
will reserve the first item in stack_dump_trace[] array when
calling save_stack_trace(), and it will fill it in with the parent ip.
Then the code will look for the parent pointer on the stack and
give the real size of the parent's stack pointer:

# cat stack_trace
Depth Size Location (14 entries)
----- ---- --------
0) 2640 48 update_group_power+0x26/0x187
1) 2592 224 update_sd_lb_stats+0x2a5/0x4ac
2) 2368 160 find_busiest_group+0x31/0x1f1
3) 2208 256 load_balance+0xd9/0x662

I'm Cc'ing stable, although it's not urgent, as it only shows bogus
size for item #0, the rest of the trace is legit. It should still be
corrected in previous stable releases.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Use stack of calling function for stack tracer

Use the stack of stack_trace_call() instead of check_stack() as
the test pointer for max stack size. It makes it a bit cleaner
and a little more accurate.

Adding stable, as a later fix depends on this patch.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Remove unneeded checks from the stack tracer

It seems that 'ftrace_enabled' flag should not be used inside the tracer
functions. The ftrace core is using this flag for internal purposes, and
the flag wasn't meant to be used in tracers' runtime checks.

stack tracer is the only tracer that abusing the flag. So stop it from
serving as a bad example.

Also, there is a local 'stack_trace_disabled' flag in the stack tracer,
which is never updated; so it can be removed as well.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1342637761-9655-1-git-send-email-anton.vorontsov@linaro.org

Signed-off-by: Anton Vorontsov <anton.vorontsov@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

ftrace: Add default recursion protection for function tracing

As more users of the function tracer utility are being added, they do
not always add the necessary recursion protection. To protect from
function recursion due to tracing, if the callback ftrace_ops does not
specifically specify that it protects against recursion (by setting
the FTRACE_OPS_FL_RECURSION_SAFE flag), the list operation will be
called by the mcount trampoline which adds recursion protection.

If the flag is set, then the function will be called directly with no
extra protection.

Note, the list operation is called if more than one function callback
is registered, or if the arch does not support all of the function
tracer features.

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

ftrace: Return pt_regs to function trace callback

Return as the 4th paramater to the function tracer callback the pt_regs.

Later patches that implement regs passing for the architectures will require
having the ftrace_ops set the SAVE_REGS flag, which will tell the arch
to take the time to pass a full set of pt_regs to the ftrace_ops callback
function. If the arch does not support it then it should pass NULL.

If an arch can pass full regs, then it should define:
ARCH_SUPPORTS_FTRACE_SAVE_REGS to 1

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120702201821.019966811@goodmis.org

Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

ftrace: Pass ftrace_ops as third parameter to function trace callback

Currently the function trace callback receives only the ip and parent_ip
of the function that it traced. It would be more powerful to also return
the ops that registered the function as well. This allows the same function
to act differently depending on what ftrace_ops registered it.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120612225424.267254552@goodmis.org

Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Have stack tracing set filtered functions at boot

Add stacktrace_filter= to the kernel command line that lets
the user pick specific functions to check the stack on.

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Have stack_tracer use a separate list of functions

The stack_tracer is used to look at every function and check
if the current stack is bigger than the last recorded max stack size.
When a new max is found, then it saves that stack off.

Currently the stack tracer is limited by the global_ops of
the function tracer. As the stack tracer has nothing to do with
the ftrace function tracer, except that it uses it as its internal
engine, the stack tracer should have its own list.

A new file is added to the tracing debugfs directory called:

stack_trace_filter

that can be used to select which functions you want to check the stack
on.

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Convert to kstrtoul_from_user

This patch replaces the code for getting an unsigned long from a
userspace buffer by a simple call to kstroul_from_user.
This makes it easier to read and less error prone.

Signed-off-by: Peter Huewe <peterhuewe@gmx.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1307476707-14762-1-git-send-email-peterhuewe@gmx.de
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

ftrace: Implement separate user function filtering

ftrace_ops that are registered to trace functions can now be
agnostic to each other in respect to what functions they trace.
Each ops has their own hash of the functions they want to trace
and a hash to what they do not want to trace. A empty hash for
the functions they want to trace denotes all functions should
be traced that are not in the notrace hash.

Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

llseek: automatically add .llseek fop

All file_operations should get a .llseek operation so we can make
nonseekable_open the default for future file operations without a
.llseek pointer.

The three cases that we can automatically detect are no_llseek, seq_lseek
and default_llseek. For cases where we can we can automatically prove that
the file offset is always ignored, we use noop_llseek, which maintains
the current behavior of not returning an error from a seek.

New drivers should normally not use noop_llseek but instead use no_llseek
and call nonseekable_open at open time. Existing drivers can be converted
to do the same when the maintainer knows for certain that no user code
relies on calling seek on the device file.

The generated code is often incorrectly indented and right now contains
comments that clarify for each added line why a specific variant was
chosen. In the version that gets submitted upstream, the comments will
be gone and I will manually fix the indentation, because there does not
seem to be a way to do that using coccinelle.

Some amount of new code is currently sitting in linux-next that should get
the same modifications, which I will do at the end of the merge window.

Many thanks to Julia Lawall for helping me learn to write a semantic
patch that does all this.

===== begin semantic patch =====
// This adds an llseek= method to all file operations,
// as a preparation for making no_llseek the default.
//
// The rules are
// - use no_llseek explicitly if we do nonseekable_open
// - use seq_lseek for sequential files
// - use default_llseek if we know we access f_pos
// - use noop_llseek if we know we don't access f_pos,
// but we still want to allow users to call lseek
//
@ open1 exists @
identifier nested_open;
@@
nested_open(...)
{
<+...
nonseekable_open(...)
...+>
}

@ open exists@
identifier open_f;
identifier i, f;
identifier open1.nested_open;
@@
int open_f(struct inode *i, struct file *f)
{
<+...
(
nonseekable_open(...)
|
nested_open(...)
)
...+>
}

@ read disable optional_qualifier exists @
identifier read_f;
identifier f, p, s, off;
type ssize_t, size_t, loff_t;
expression E;
identifier func;
@@
ssize_t read_f(struct file *f, char *p, size_t s, loff_t *off)
{
<+...
(
*off = E
|
*off += E
|
func(..., off, ...)
|
E = *off
)
...+>
}

@ read_no_fpos disable optional_qualifier exists @
identifier read_f;
identifier f, p, s, off;
type ssize_t, size_t, loff_t;
@@
ssize_t read_f(struct file *f, char *p, size_t s, loff_t *off)
{
... when != off
}

@ write @
identifier write_f;
identifier f, p, s, off;
type ssize_t, size_t, loff_t;
expression E;
identifier func;
@@
ssize_t write_f(struct file *f, const char *p, size_t s, loff_t *off)
{
<+...
(
*off = E
|
*off += E
|
func(..., off, ...)
|
E = *off
)
...+>
}

@ write_no_fpos @
identifier write_f;
identifier f, p, s, off;
type ssize_t, size_t, loff_t;
@@
ssize_t write_f(struct file *f, const char *p, size_t s, loff_t *off)
{
... when != off
}

@ fops0 @
identifier fops;
@@
struct file_operations fops = {
...
};

@ has_llseek depends on fops0 @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier llseek_f;
@@
struct file_operations fops = {
...
.llseek = llseek_f,
...
};

@ has_read depends on fops0 @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier read_f;
@@
struct file_operations fops = {
...
.read = read_f,
...
};

@ has_write depends on fops0 @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier write_f;
@@
struct file_operations fops = {
...
.write = write_f,
...
};

@ has_open depends on fops0 @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier open_f;
@@
struct file_operations fops = {
...
.open = open_f,
...
};

// use no_llseek if we call nonseekable_open
////////////////////////////////////////////
@ nonseekable1 depends on !has_llseek && has_open @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier nso ~= "nonseekable_open";
@@
struct file_operations fops = {
... .open = nso, ...
+.llseek = no_llseek, /* nonseekable */
};

@ nonseekable2 depends on !has_llseek @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier open.open_f;
@@
struct file_operations fops = {
... .open = open_f, ...
+.llseek = no_llseek, /* open uses nonseekable */
};

// use seq_lseek for sequential files
/////////////////////////////////////
@ seq depends on !has_llseek @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier sr ~= "seq_read";
@@
struct file_operations fops = {
... .read = sr, ...
+.llseek = seq_lseek, /* we have seq_read */
};

// use default_llseek if there is a readdir
///////////////////////////////////////////
@ fops1 depends on !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier readdir_e;
@@
// any other fop is used that changes pos
struct file_operations fops = {
... .readdir = readdir_e, ...
+.llseek = default_llseek, /* readdir is present */
};

// use default_llseek if at least one of read/write touches f_pos
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@ fops2 depends on !fops1 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier read.read_f;
@@
// read fops use offset
struct file_operations fops = {
... .read = read_f, ...
+.llseek = default_llseek, /* read accesses f_pos */
};

@ fops3 depends on !fops1 && !fops2 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier write.write_f;
@@
// write fops use offset
struct file_operations fops = {
... .write = write_f, ...
+ .llseek = default_llseek, /* write accesses f_pos */
};

// Use noop_llseek if neither read nor write accesses f_pos
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

@ fops4 depends on !fops1 && !fops2 && !fops3 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier read_no_fpos.read_f;
identifier write_no_fpos.write_f;
@@
// write fops use offset
struct file_operations fops = {
...
.write = write_f,
.read = read_f,
...
+.llseek = noop_llseek, /* read and write both use no f_pos */
};

@ depends on has_write && !has_read && !fops1 && !fops2 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier write_no_fpos.write_f;
@@
struct file_operations fops = {
... .write = write_f, ...
+.llseek = noop_llseek, /* write uses no f_pos */
};

@ depends on has_read && !has_write && !fops1 && !fops2 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier read_no_fpos.read_f;
@@
struct file_operations fops = {
... .read = read_f, ...
+.llseek = noop_llseek, /* read uses no f_pos */
};

@ depends on !has_read && !has_write && !fops1 && !fops2 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @
identifier fops0.fops;
@@
struct file_operations fops = {
...
+.llseek = noop_llseek, /* no read or write fn */
};
===== End semantic patch =====

Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Julia Lawall <julia@diku.dk>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>

tracing/trace_stack: Fix stack trace on ppc64

save_stack_trace() stores the instruction pointer, not the
function descriptor. On ppc64 the trace stack code currently
dereferences the instruction pointer and shows 8 bytes of
instructions in our backtraces:

# cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/stack_trace
Depth Size Location (26 entries)
----- ---- --------
0) 5424 112 0x6000000048000004
1) 5312 160 0x60000000ebad01b0
2) 5152 160 0x2c23000041c20030
3) 4992 240 0x600000007c781b79
4) 4752 160 0xe84100284800000c
5) 4592 192 0x600000002fa30000
6) 4400 256 0x7f1800347b7407e0
7) 4144 208 0xe89f0108f87f0070
8) 3936 272 0xe84100282fa30000

Since we aren't dealing with function descriptors, use %pS
instead of %pF to fix it:

# cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/stack_trace
Depth Size Location (26 entries)
----- ---- --------
0) 5424 112 ftrace_call+0x4/0x8
1) 5312 160 .current_io_context+0x28/0x74
2) 5152 160 .get_io_context+0x48/0xa0
3) 4992 240 .cfq_set_request+0x94/0x4c4
4) 4752 160 .elv_set_request+0x60/0x84
5) 4592 192 .get_request+0x2d4/0x468
6) 4400 256 .get_request_wait+0x7c/0x258
7) 4144 208 .__make_request+0x49c/0x610
8) 3936 272 .generic_make_request+0x390/0x434

Signed-off-by: Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: fweisbec@gmail.com
LKML-Reference: <20100825013238.GE28360@kryten>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

tracing: Remove ftrace_preempt_disable/enable

The ftrace_preempt_disable/enable functions were to address a
recursive race caused by the function tracer. The function tracer
traces all functions which makes it easily susceptible to recursion.
One area was preempt_enable(). This would call the scheduler and
the schedulre would call the function tracer and loop.
(So was it thought).

The ftrace_preempt_disable/enable was made to protect against recursion
inside the scheduler by storing the NEED_RESCHED flag. If it was
set before the ftrace_preempt_disable() it would not call schedule
on ftrace_preempt_enable(), thinking that if it was set before then
it would have already scheduled unless it was already in the scheduler.

This worked fine except in the case of SMP, where another task would set
the NEED_RESCHED flag for a task on another CPU, and then kick off an
IPI to trigger it. This could cause the NEED_RESCHED to be saved at
ftrace_preempt_disable() but the IPI to arrive in the the preempt
disabled section. The ftrace_preempt_enable() would not call the scheduler
because the flag was already set before entring the section.

This bug would cause a missed preemption check and cause lower latencies.

Investigating further, I found that the recusion caused by the function
tracer was not due to schedule(), but due to preempt_schedule(). Now
that preempt_schedule is completely annotated with notrace, the recusion
no longer is an issue.

Reported-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Fix circular dead lock in stack trace

When we cat <debugfs>/tracing/stack_trace, we may cause circular lock:
sys_read()
t_start()
arch_spin_lock(&max_stack_lock);

t_show()
seq_printf(), vsnprintf() .... /* they are all trace-able,
when they are traced, max_stack_lock may be required again. */

The following script can trigger this circular dead lock very easy:
#!/bin/bash

echo 1 > /proc/sys/kernel/stack_tracer_enabled

mount -t debugfs xxx /mnt > /dev/null 2>&1

(
# make check_stack() zealous to require max_stack_lock
for ((; ;))
{
echo 1 > /mnt/tracing/stack_max_size
}
) &

for ((; ;))
{
cat /mnt/tracing/stack_trace > /dev/null
}

To fix this bug, we increase the percpu trace_active before
require the lock.

Reported-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
LKML-Reference: <4B67D4F9.9080905@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

locking: Convert __raw_spin* functions to arch_spin*

Name space cleanup. No functional change.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org

locking: Rename __RAW_SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED to __ARCH_SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED

Further name space cleanup. No functional change

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org

locking: Convert raw_spinlock to arch_spinlock

The raw_spin* namespace was taken by lockdep for the architecture
specific implementations. raw_spin_* would be the ideal name space for
the spinlocks which are not converted to sleeping locks in preempt-rt.

Linus suggested to convert the raw_ to arch_ locks and cleanup the
name space instead of using an artifical name like core_spin,
atomic_spin or whatever

No functional change.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org

sysctl: remove "struct file *" argument of ->proc_handler

It's unused.

It isn't needed -- read or write flag is already passed and sysctl
shouldn't care about the rest.

It _was_ used in two places at arch/frv for some reason.

Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

trace_stack: Simplify seqfile code

Extract duplicate code in t_start() and t_next().

Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
LKML-Reference: <4A891A91.4030602@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

trace_stack: Fix seqfile memory leak

Every time we cat stack_trace, we leak memory allocated by seq_open().

Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
LKML-Reference: <4A67D8E8.3020500@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing/trace_stack: Cleanup for trace_lookup_stack()

We can directly use %pF input format instead of sprint_symbol()
and %s input format.

Signed-off-by: Xiao Guangrong <xiaoguangrong@cn.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>

tracing: Fix stack tracer sysctl handling

This made my machine completely frozen:

# echo 1 > /proc/sys/kernel/stack_tracer_enabled
# echo 2 > /proc/sys/kernel/stack_tracer_enabled

The cause is register_ftrace_function() was called twice.

Also fix ftrace_enabled sysctl, though seems nothing bad happened
as I tested it.

Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
LKML-Reference: <4A448D17.9010305@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

tracing/trace_stack: fix the number of entries in the header

The last entry in the stack_dump_trace is ULONG_MAX, which is not
a valid entry, but max_stack_trace.nr_entries has accounted for it.
So when printing the header, we should decrease it by one.
Before fix, print as following, for example:

Depth Size Location (53 entries) <--- should be 52
----- ---- --------
0) 3264 108 update_wall_time+0x4d5/0x9a0
...
51) 80 80 syscall_call+0x7/0xb
^^^
it's correct.

Signed-off-by: walimis <walimisdev@gmail.com>
LKML-Reference: <1244016090-7814-1-git-send-email-walimisdev@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing/ftrace: factorize the tracing files creation

Impact: cleanup

Most of the tracing files creation follow the same pattern:

ret = debugfs_create_file(...)
if (!ret)
pr_warning("Couldn't create ... entry\n")

Unify it!

Reported-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
LKML-Reference: <1238109938-11840-1-git-send-email-fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: left align location header in stack_trace

Ingo Molnar suggested, instead of:

Depth Size Location (27 entries)
----- ---- --------
0) 2880 48 lock_timer_base+0x2b/0x4f
1) 2832 80 __mod_timer+0x33/0xe0
2) 2752 16 __ide_set_handler+0x63/0x65

To have it be:

Depth Size Location (27 entries)
----- ---- --------
0) 2880 48 lock_timer_base+0x2b/0x4f
1) 2832 80 __mod_timer+0x33/0xe0
2) 2752 16 __ide_set_handler+0x63/0x65

Requested-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>

tracing: explain why stack tracer is empty

If the stack tracing is disabled (by default) the stack_trace file
will only contain the header:

# cat /debug/tracing/stack_trace
Depth Size Location (0 entries)
----- ---- --------

This can be frustrating to a developer that does not realize that the
stack tracer is disabled. This patch adds the following text:

# cat /debug/tracing/stack_trace
Depth Size Location (0 entries)
----- ---- --------
#
# Stack tracer disabled
#
# To enable the stack tracer, either add 'stacktrace' to the
# kernel command line
# or 'echo 1 > /proc/sys/kernel/stack_tracer_enabled'
#

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>

tracing: fix stack tracer header

The stack tracer use to look like this:

# cat /debug/tracing/stack_trace
Depth Size Location (57 entries)
----- ---- --------
0) 5088 16 mempool_alloc_slab+0x16/0x18
1) 5072 144 mempool_alloc+0x4d/0xfe
2) 4928 16 scsi_sg_alloc+0x48/0x4a [scsi_mod]

Now it looks like this:

# cat /debug/tracing/stack_trace

Depth Size Location (57 entries)
----- ---- --------
0) 5088 16 mempool_alloc_slab+0x16/0x18
1) 5072 144 mempool_alloc+0x4d/0xfe
2) 4928 16 scsi_sg_alloc+0x48/0x4a [scsi_mod]

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>

trace: better use of stack_trace_enabled for boot up code

Impact: clean up

Andrew Morton suggested to use the stack_tracer_enabled variable
to decide whether or not to start stack tracing on bootup.
This lets us remove the start_stack_trace variable.

Reported-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

trace: add a way to enable or disable the stack tracer

Impact: enhancement to stack tracer

The stack tracer currently is either on when configured in or
off when it is not. It can not be disabled when it is configured on.
(besides disabling the function tracer that it uses)

This patch adds a way to enable or disable the stack tracer at
run time. It defaults off on bootup, but a kernel parameter 'stacktrace'
has been added to enable it on bootup.

A new sysctl has been added "kernel.stack_tracer_enabled" to let
the user enable or disable the stack tracer at run time.

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

trace: fix output of stack trace

Impact: fix to output of stack trace

If a function is not found in the stack of the stack tracer, the
number printed is quite strange. This fixes the algorithm to handle
missing functions better.

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

ftrace: replace raw_local_irq_save with local_irq_save

Impact: fix for lockdep and ftrace

The raw_local_irq_save/restore confuses lockdep. This patch
converts them to the local_irq_save/restore variants.

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

function tracing: fix wrong position computing of stack_trace

Impact: make output of stack_trace complete if buffer overruns

When read buffer overruns, the output of stack_trace isn't complete.

When printing records with seq_printf in t_show, if the read buffer
has overruned by the current record, then this record won't be
printed to user space through read buffer, it will just be dropped in
this printing.

When next printing, t_start should return the "*pos"th record, which
is the one dropped by previous printing, but it just returns
(m->private + *pos)th record.

Here we use a more sane method to implement seq_operations which can
be found in kernel code. Thus we needn't initialize m->private.

About testing, it's not easy to overrun read buffer, but we can use
seq_printf to print more padding bytes in t_show, then it's easy to
check whether or not records are lost.

This commit has been tested on both condition of overrun and non
overrun.

Signed-off-by: Liming Wang <liming.wang@windriver.com>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

ftrace: insert in the ftrace_preempt_disable()/enable() functions

Impact: use new, consolidated APIs in ftrace plugins

This patch replaces the schedule safe preempt disable code with the
ftrace_preempt_disable() and ftrace_preempt_enable() safe functions.

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

ftrace: stack tracer only record when on stack

The stack trace API does not record if the stack is not on the current
task's stack. That is, if the stack is the interrupt stack or NMI stack,
the output does not show. Also, the size of those stacks are not
consistent with the size of the thread stack, this makes the calculation
of the stack size usually bogus.

This all confuses the stack tracer. I unfortunately do not have time to
fix all these problems, but this patch does record the worst stack when
the stack pointer is on the tasks stack (instead of bogus numbers).

The patch simply returns if the stack pointer is not on the task's stack.

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

ftrace: stack trace add indexes

This patch adds indexes into the stack that the functions in the
stack dump were found at. As an added bonus, I also added a diff
to show which function is the most notorious consumer of the stack.

The output now looks like this:

# cat /debug/tracing/stack_trace
Depth Size Location (48 entries)
----- ---- --------
0) 2476 212 blk_recount_segments+0x39/0x59
1) 2264 12 bio_phys_segments+0x16/0x1d
2) 2252 20 blk_rq_bio_prep+0x23/0xaf
3) 2232 12 init_request_from_bio+0x74/0x77
4) 2220 56 __make_request+0x294/0x331
5) 2164 136 generic_make_request+0x34f/0x37d
6) 2028 56 submit_bio+0xe7/0xef
7) 1972 28 submit_bh+0xd1/0xf0
8) 1944 112 block_read_full_page+0x299/0x2a9
9) 1832 8 blkdev_readpage+0x14/0x16
10) 1824 28 read_cache_page_async+0x7e/0x109
11) 1796 16 read_cache_page+0x11/0x49
12) 1780 32 read_dev_sector+0x3c/0x72
13) 1748 48 read_lba+0x4d/0xaa
14) 1700 168 efi_partition+0x85/0x61b
15) 1532 72 rescan_partitions+0x10e/0x266
16) 1460 40 do_open+0x1c7/0x24e
17) 1420 292 __blkdev_get+0x79/0x84
18) 1128 12 blkdev_get+0x12/0x14
19) 1116 20 register_disk+0xd1/0x11e
20) 1096 28 add_disk+0x34/0x90
21) 1068 52 sd_probe+0x2b1/0x366
22) 1016 20 driver_probe_device+0xa5/0x120
23) 996 8 __device_attach+0xd/0xf
24) 988 32 bus_for_each_drv+0x3e/0x68
25) 956 24 device_attach+0x56/0x6c
26) 932 16 bus_attach_device+0x26/0x4d
27) 916 64 device_add+0x380/0x4b4
28) 852 28 scsi_sysfs_add_sdev+0xa1/0x1c9
29) 824 160 scsi_probe_and_add_lun+0x919/0xa2a
30) 664 36 __scsi_add_device+0x88/0xae
31) 628 44 ata_scsi_scan_host+0x9e/0x21c
32) 584 28 ata_host_register+0x1cb/0x1db
33) 556 24 ata_host_activate+0x98/0xb5
34) 532 192 ahci_init_one+0x9bd/0x9e9
35) 340 20 pci_device_probe+0x3e/0x5e
36) 320 20 driver_probe_device+0xa5/0x120
37) 300 20 __driver_attach+0x3f/0x5e
38) 280 36 bus_for_each_dev+0x40/0x62
39) 244 12 driver_attach+0x19/0x1b
40) 232 28 bus_add_driver+0x9c/0x1af
41) 204 28 driver_register+0x76/0xd2
42) 176 20 __pci_register_driver+0x44/0x71
43) 156 8 ahci_init+0x14/0x16
44) 148 100 _stext+0x42/0x122
45) 48 20 kernel_init+0x175/0x1dc
46) 28 28 kernel_thread_helper+0x7/0x10

The first column is simply an index starting from the inner most function
and counting down to the outer most.

The next column is the location that the function was found on the stack.

The next column is the size of the stack for that function.

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

ftrace: add stack tracer

This is another tracer using the ftrace infrastructure, that examines
at each function call the size of the stack. If the stack use is greater
than the previous max it is recorded.

You can always see (and set) the max stack size seen. By setting it
to zero will start the recording again. The backtrace is also available.

For example:

# cat /debug/tracing/stack_max_size
1856

# cat /debug/tracing/stack_trace
[<c027764d>] stack_trace_call+0x8f/0x101
[<c021b966>] ftrace_call+0x5/0x8
[<c02553cc>] clocksource_get_next+0x12/0x48
[<c02542a5>] update_wall_time+0x538/0x6d1
[<c0245913>] do_timer+0x23/0xb0
[<c0257657>] tick_do_update_jiffies64+0xd9/0xf1
[<c02576b9>] tick_sched_timer+0x4a/0xad
[<c0250fe6>] __run_hrtimer+0x3e/0x75
[<c02518ed>] hrtimer_interrupt+0xf1/0x154
[<c022c870>] smp_apic_timer_interrupt+0x71/0x84
[<c021b7e9>] apic_timer_interrupt+0x2d/0x34
[<c0238597>] finish_task_switch+0x29/0xa0
[<c05abd13>] schedule+0x765/0x7be
[<c05abfca>] schedule_timeout+0x1b/0x90
[<c05ab4d4>] wait_for_common+0xab/0x101
[<c05ab5ac>] wait_for_completion+0x12/0x14
[<c033cfc3>] blk_execute_rq+0x84/0x99
[<c0402470>] scsi_execute+0xc2/0x105
[<c040250a>] scsi_execute_req+0x57/0x7f
[<c043afe0>] sr_test_unit_ready+0x3e/0x97
[<c043bbd6>] sr_media_change+0x43/0x205
[<c046b59f>] media_changed+0x48/0x77
[<c046b5ff>] cdrom_media_changed+0x31/0x37
[<c043b091>] sr_block_media_changed+0x16/0x18
[<c02b9e69>] check_disk_change+0x1b/0x63
[<c046f4c3>] cdrom_open+0x7a1/0x806
[<c043b148>] sr_block_open+0x78/0x8d
[<c02ba4c0>] do_open+0x90/0x257
[<c02ba869>] blkdev_open+0x2d/0x56
[<c0296a1f>] __dentry_open+0x14d/0x23c
[<c0296b32>] nameidata_to_filp+0x24/0x38
[<c02a1c68>] do_filp_open+0x347/0x626
[<c02967ef>] do_sys_open+0x47/0xbc
[<c02968b0>] sys_open+0x23/0x2b
[<c021aadd>] sysenter_do_call+0x12/0x26

I've tested this on both x86_64 and i386.

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>