netfs: Fix the pre-flush when appending to a file in writethrough mode

In netfs_perform_write(), when the file is marked NETFS_ICTX_WRITETHROUGH
or O_*SYNC or RWF_*SYNC was specified, write-through caching is performed
on a buffered file. When setting up for write-through, we flush any
conflicting writes in the region and wait for the write to complete,
failing if there's a write error to return.

The issue arises if we're writing at or above the EOF position because we
skip the flush and - more importantly - the wait. This becomes a problem
if there's a partial folio at the end of the file that is being written out
and we want to make a write to it too. Both the already-running write and
the write we start both want to clear the writeback mark, but whoever is
second causes a warning looking something like:

------------[ cut here ]------------
R=00000012: folio 11 is not under writeback
WARNING: CPU: 34 PID: 654 at fs/netfs/write_collect.c:105
...
CPU: 34 PID: 654 Comm: kworker/u386:27 Tainted: G S ...
...
Workqueue: events_unbound netfs_write_collection_worker
...
RIP: 0010:netfs_writeback_lookup_folio

Fix this by making the flush-and-wait unconditional. It will do nothing if
there are no folios in the pagecache and will return quickly if there are
no folios in the region specified.

Further, move the WBC attachment above the flush call as the flush is going
to attach a WBC and detach it again if it is not present - and since we
need one anyway we might as well share it.

Fixes: 41d8e7673a77 ("netfs: Implement a write-through caching option")
Reported-by: kernel test robot <oliver.sang@intel.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-lkp/202404161031.468b84f-oliver.sang@intel.com
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/2150448.1714130115@warthog.procyon.org.uk
Reviewed-by: Jeffrey Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: Eric Van Hensbergen <ericvh@kernel.org>
cc: Latchesar Ionkov <lucho@ionkov.net>
cc: Dominique Martinet <asmadeus@codewreck.org>
cc: Christian Schoenebeck <linux_oss@crudebyte.com>
cc: Marc Dionne <marc.dionne@auristor.com>
cc: netfs@lists.linux.dev
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
cc: v9fs@lists.linux.dev
cc: linux-afs@lists.infradead.org
cc: linux-cifs@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>

netfs: Fix writethrough-mode error handling

Fix the error return in netfs_perform_write() acting in writethrough-mode
to return any cached error in the case that netfs_end_writethrough()
returns 0.

This can affect the use of O_SYNC/O_DSYNC/RWF_SYNC/RWF_DSYNC in 9p and afs.

Fixes: 41d8e7673a77 ("netfs: Implement a write-through caching option")
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/6736.1713343639@warthog.procyon.org.uk
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: Eric Van Hensbergen <ericvh@kernel.org>
cc: Latchesar Ionkov <lucho@ionkov.net>
cc: Dominique Martinet <asmadeus@codewreck.org>
cc: Christian Schoenebeck <linux_oss@crudebyte.com>
cc: Marc Dionne <marc.dionne@auristor.com>
cc: netfs@lists.linux.dev
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: v9fs@lists.linux.dev
cc: linux-afs@lists.infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>

netfs: Fix missing zero-length check in unbuffered write

Fix netfs_unbuffered_write_iter() to return immediately if
generic_write_checks() returns 0, indicating there's nothing to write.
Note that netfs_file_write_iter() already does this.

Also, whilst we're at it, put in checks for the size being zero before we
even take the locks. Note that generic_write_checks() can still reduce the
size to zero, so we still need that check.

Without this, a warning similar to the following is logged to dmesg:

netfs: Zero-sized write [R=1b6da]

and the syscall fails with EIO, e.g.:

/sbin/ldconfig.real: Writing of cache extension data failed: Input/output error

This can be reproduced on 9p by:

xfs_io -f -c 'pwrite 0 0' /xfstest.test/foo

Fixes: 153a9961b551 ("netfs: Implement unbuffered/DIO write support")
Reported-by: Eric Van Hensbergen <ericvh@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/ZbQUU6QKmIftKsmo@FV7GG9FTHL/
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240129094924.1221977-3-dhowells@redhat.com
Tested-by: Dominique Martinet <asmadeus@codewreck.org>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: Dominique Martinet <asmadeus@codewreck.org>
cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: <v9fs@lists.linux.dev>
cc: <linux_oss@crudebyte.com>
cc: <netfs@lists.linux.dev>
cc: <linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>

netfs: Fix a NULL vs IS_ERR() check in netfs_perform_write()

The netfs_grab_folio_for_write() function doesn't return NULL, it returns
error pointers. Update the check accordingly.

Fixes: c38f4e96e605 ("netfs: Provide func to copy data to pagecache for buffered write")
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/29fb1310-8e2d-47ba-b68d-40354eb7b896@moroto.mountain/

netfs: Don't use certain unnecessary folio_*() functions

Filesystems should use folio->index and folio->mapping, instead of
folio_index(folio), folio_mapping() and folio_file_mapping() since
they know that it's in the pagecache.

Change this automagically with:

perl -p -i -e 's/folio_mapping[(]([^)]*)[)]/\1->mapping/g' fs/netfs/*.c
perl -p -i -e 's/folio_file_mapping[(]([^)]*)[)]/\1->mapping/g' fs/netfs/*.c
perl -p -i -e 's/folio_index[(]([^)]*)[)]/\1->index/g' fs/netfs/*.c

Reported-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-afs@lists.infradead.org
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-cifs@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-erofs@lists.ozlabs.org
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org

netfs: Fix wrong #ifdef hiding wait

netfs_writepages_begin() has the wait on the fscache folio conditional on
CONFIG_NETFS_FSCACHE - which doesn't exist.

Fix it to be conditional on CONFIG_FSCACHE instead.

Fixes: 62c3b7481b9a ("netfs: Provide a writepages implementation")
Reported-by: Lukas Bulwahn <lukas.bulwahn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
cc: linux-afs@lists.infradead.org
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240109083257.GK132648@kernel.org/

netfs: Fix the loop that unmarks folios after writing to the cache

In the loop in netfs_rreq_unmark_after_write() that removes the PG_fscache
from folios after they've been written to the cache, as soon as we remove
the mark from a multipage folio, it can get split - and then we might see a
fragment of folio again.

Guard against this by advancing the 'unlocked' tracker to the index of the
last page in the folio to avoid a double removal of the PG_fscache mark.

Reported-by: Marc Dionne <marc.dionne@auristor.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
cc: linux-afs@lists.infradead.org
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Fix interaction between write-streaming and cachefiles culling

An issue can occur between write-streaming (storing dirty data in partial
non-uptodate pages) and a cachefiles object being culled to make space.
The problem occurs because the cache object is only marked in use while
there are files open using it. Once it has been released, it can be culled
and the cookie marked disabled.

At this point, a streaming write is permitted to occur (if the cache is
active, we require pages to be prefetched and cached), but the cache can
become active again before this gets flushed out - and then two effects can
occur:

(1) The cache may be asked to write out a region that's less than its DIO
block size (assumed by cachefiles to be PAGE_SIZE) - and this causes
one of two debugging statements to be emitted.

(2) netfs_how_to_modify() gets confused because it sees a page that isn't
allowed to be non-uptodate being uptodate and tries to prefetch it -
leading to a warning that PG_fscache is set twice.

Fix this by the following means:

(1) Add a netfs_inode flag to disallow write-streaming to an inode and set
it if we ever do local caching of that inode. It remains set for the
lifetime of that inode - even if the cookie becomes disabled.

(2) If the no-write-streaming flag is set, then make netfs_how_to_modify()
always want to prefetch instead.

(3) If netfs_how_to_modify() decides it wants to prefetch a folio, but
that folio has write-streamed data in it, then it requires the folio
be flushed first.

(4) Export a counter of the number of times we wanted to prefetch a
non-uptodate page, but found it had write-streamed data in it.

(5) Export a counter of the number of times we cancelled a write to the
cache because it didn't DIO align and remove the debug statements.

Reported-by: Marc Dionne <marc.dionne@auristor.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-erofs@lists.ozlabs.org
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Optimise away reads above the point at which there can be no data

Track the file position above which the server is not expected to have any
data (the "zero point") and preemptively assume that we can satisfy
requests by filling them with zeroes locally rather than attempting to
download them if they're over that line - even if we've written data back
to the server. Assume that any data that was written back above that
position is held in the local cache. Note that we have to split requests
that straddle the line.

Make use of this to optimise away some reads from the server. We need to
set the zero point in the following circumstances:

(1) When we see an extant remote inode and have no cache for it, we set
the zero_point to i_size.

(2) On local inode creation, we set zero_point to 0.

(3) On local truncation down, we reduce zero_point to the new i_size if
the new i_size is lower.

(4) On local truncation up, we don't change zero_point.

(5) On local modification, we don't change zero_point.

(6) On remote invalidation, we set zero_point to the new i_size.

(7) If stored data is discarded from the pagecache or culled from fscache,
we must set zero_point above that if the data also got written to the
server.

(8) If dirty data is written back to the server, but not fscache, we must
set zero_point above that.

(9) If a direct I/O write is made, set zero_point above that.

Assuming the above, any read from the server at or above the zero_point
position will return all zeroes.

The zero_point value can be stored in the cache, provided the above rules
are applied to it by any code that culls part of the local cache.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Implement a write-through caching option

Provide a flag whereby a filesystem may request that cifs_perform_write()
perform write-through caching. This involves putting pages directly into
writeback rather than dirty and attaching them to a write operation as we
go.

Further, the writes being made are limited to the byte range being written
rather than whole folios being written. This can be used by cifs, for
example, to deal with strict byte-range locking.

This can't be used with content encryption as that may require expansion of
the write RPC beyond the write being made.

This doesn't affect writes via mmap - those are written back in the normal
way; similarly failed writethrough writes are marked dirty and left to
writeback to retry. Another option would be to simply invalidate them, but
the contents can be simultaneously accessed by read() and through mmap.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Provide a launder_folio implementation

Provide a launder_folio implementation for netfslib.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Provide a writepages implementation

Provide an implementation of writepages for network filesystems to delegate
to.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Allow buffered shared-writeable mmap through netfs_page_mkwrite()

Provide an entry point to delegate a filesystem's ->page_mkwrite() to.
This checks for conflicting writes, then attached any netfs-specific group
marking (e.g. ceph snap) to the page to be considered dirty.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Implement buffered write API

Institute a netfs write helper, netfs_file_write_iter(), to be pointed at
by the network filesystem ->write_iter() call. Make it handled buffered
writes by calling the previously defined netfs_perform_write() to copy the
source data into the pagecache.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Allocate multipage folios in the writepath

Allocate a multipage folio when copying data into the pagecache if possible
if there's sufficient data to warrant it.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Provide func to copy data to pagecache for buffered write

Provide a netfs write helper, netfs_perform_write() to buffer data to be
written in the pagecache and mark the modified folios dirty.

It will perform "streaming writes" for folios that aren't currently
resident, if possible, storing data in partially modified folios that are
marked dirty, but not uptodate. It will also tag pages as belonging to
fs-specific write groups if so directed by the filesystem.

This is derived from generic_perform_write(), but doesn't use
->write_begin() and ->write_end(), having that logic rolled in instead.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org