License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.

For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139

and resulted in the first patch in this series.

If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930

and resulted in the second patch in this series.

- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1

and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).

- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

xen/pciback: Don't deadlock when unbinding.

As commit 0a9fd0152929db372ff61b0d6c280fdd34ae8bdb
'xen/pciback: Document the entry points for 'pcistub_put_pci_dev''
explained there are four entry points in this function.
Two of them are when the user fiddles in the SysFS to
unbind a device which might be in use by a guest or not.

Both 'unbind' states will cause a deadlock as the the PCI lock has
already been taken, which then pci_device_reset tries to take.

We can simplify this by requiring that all callers of
pcistub_put_pci_dev MUST hold the device lock. And then
we can just call the lockless version of pci_device_reset.

To make it even simpler we will modify xen_pcibk_release_pci_dev
to quality whether it should take a lock or not - as it ends
up calling xen_pcibk_release_pci_dev and needs to hold the lock.

Reviewed-by: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>

xen/pciback: miscellaneous adjustments

This is a minor bugfix and a set of small cleanups; as it is not clear
whether this needs splitting into pieces (and if so, at what
granularity), it is a single combined patch.
- add a missing return statement to an error path in
kill_domain_by_device()
- use pci_is_enabled() rather than raw atomic_read()
- remove a bogus attempt to zero-terminate an already zero-terminated
string
- #define DRV_NAME once uniformly in the shared local header
- make DRIVER_ATTR() variables static
- eliminate a pointless use of list_for_each_entry_safe()
- add MODULE_ALIAS()
- a little bit of constification
- adjust a few messages
- remove stray semicolons from inline function definitions

Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@suse.com>
[v1: Dropped the resource_size fix, altered the description]
[v2: Fixed cleanpatch.pl comments]
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

xen/pciback: use mutex rather than spinlock in passthrough backend

To accommodate the call to the callback function from
__xen_pcibk_publish_pci_roots(), which so far dropped and the re-
acquired the lock without checking that the list didn't actually
change, convert the code to use a mutex instead (observing that the
code taking the lock won't ever get called from non-sleepable
context).

As a result, drop the bogus use of list_for_each_entry_safe() and
remove the inappropriate dropping of the lock.

Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

xen/pciback: Have 'passthrough' option instead of XEN_PCIDEV_BACKEND_PASS and XEN_PCIDEV_BACKEND_VPCI

.. compile options. This way the user can decide during runtime whether they
want the default 'vpci' (virtual pci passthrough) or where the PCI devices
are passed in without any BDF renumbering. The option 'passthrough' allows
the user to toggle the it from 0 (vpci) to 1 (passthrough).

Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

xen/pciback: Drop two backends, squash and cleanup some code.

- Remove the slot and controller controller backend as they
are not used.
- Document the find pciback_[read|write]_config_[byte|word|dword]
to make it easier to find.
- Collapse the code from conf_space_capability_msi into pciback_ops.c
- Collapse conf_space_capability_[pm|vpd].c in conf_space_capability.c
[and remove the conf_space_capability.h file]
- Rename all visible functions from pciback to xen_pcibk.
- Rename all the printk/pr_info, etc that use the "pciback" to say
"xen-pciback".
- Convert functions that are not referenced outside the code to be
static to save on name space.
- Do the same thing for structures that are internal to the driver.
- Run checkpatch.pl after the renames and fixup its warnings and
fix any compile errors caused by the variable rename
- Cleanup any structs that checkpath.pl commented about or just
look odd.

Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

xen/pciback: Fine-grain the spinlocks and fix BUG: scheduling while atomic cases.

We were using coarse spinlocks that could end up with a deadlock.
This patch fixes that and makes the spinlocks much more fine-grained.

We also drop be->watchding state spinlocks as they are already
guarded by the xenwatch_thread against multiple customers. Without
that we would trigger the BUG: scheduling while atomic.

Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

xen/pciback: xen pci backend driver.

This is the host side counterpart to the frontend driver in
drivers/pci/xen-pcifront.c. The PV protocol is also implemented by
frontend drivers in other OSes too, such as the BSDs.

The PV protocol is rather simple. There is page shared with the guest,
which has the 'struct xen_pci_sharedinfo' embossed in it. The backend
has a thread that is kicked every-time the structure is changed and
based on the operation field it performs specific tasks:

XEN_PCI_OP_conf_[read|write]:
Read/Write 0xCF8/0xCFC filtered data. (conf_space*.c)
Based on which field is probed, we either enable/disable the PCI
device, change power state, read VPD, etc. The major goal of this
call is to provide a Physical IRQ (PIRQ) to the guest.

The PIRQ is Xen hypervisor global IRQ value irrespective of the IRQ
is tied in to the IO-APIC, or is a vector. For GSI type
interrupts, the PIRQ==GSI holds. For MSI/MSI-X the
PIRQ value != Linux IRQ number (thought PIRQ==vector).

Please note, that with Xen, all interrupts (except those level shared ones)
are injected directly to the guest - there is no host interaction.

XEN_PCI_OP_[enable|disable]_msi[|x] (pciback_ops.c)
Enables/disables the MSI/MSI-X capability of the device. These operations
setup the MSI/MSI-X vectors for the guest and pass them to the frontend.

When the device is activated, the interrupts are directly injected in the
guest without involving the host.

XEN_PCI_OP_aer_[detected|resume|mmio|slotreset]: In case of failure,
perform the appropriate AER commands on the guest. Right now that is
a cop-out - we just kill the guest.

Besides implementing those commands, it can also

- hide a PCI device from the host. When booting up, the user can specify
xen-pciback.hide=(1:0:0)(BDF..) so that host does not try to use the
device.

The driver was lifted from linux-2.6.18.hg tree and fixed up
so that it could compile under v3.0. Per suggestion from Jesse Barnes
moved the driver to drivers/xen/xen-pciback.

Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>