License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.

For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139

and resulted in the first patch in this series.

If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930

and resulted in the second patch in this series.

- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1

and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).

- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Replace <asm/uaccess.h> with <linux/uaccess.h> globally

This was entirely automated, using the script by Al:

PATT='^[[:blank:]]*#[[:blank:]]*include[[:blank:]]*<asm/uaccess.h>'
sed -i -e "s!$PATT!#include <linux/uaccess.h>!" \
$(git grep -l "$PATT"|grep -v ^include/linux/uaccess.h)

to do the replacement at the end of the merge window.

Requested-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

sparc: migrate exception table users off module.h and onto extable.h

These files were only including module.h for exception table
related functions. We've now separated that content out into its
own file "extable.h" so now move over to that and avoid all the
extra header content in module.h that we don't really need to compile
these files.

Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: sparclinux@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

sparc: Convert naked unsigned uses to unsigned int

Use the more normal kernel definition/declaration style.

Done via:

$ git ls-files arch/sparc | \
xargs ./scripts/checkpatch.pl -f --fix-inplace --types=unspecified_int

Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

sparc64: Don't restrict fp regs for no-fault loads

The function handle_ldf_stq() deals with no-fault ASI
loads and stores, but restricts fp registers to quad
word regs (ie, %f0, %f4 etc). This is valid for the
STQ case, but unnecessarily restricts loads, which
may be single precision, double, or quad. This results
in SIGFPE being raised for this instruction when the
source address is invalid:
ldda [%g1] ASI_PNF, %f2
but not for this one:
ldda [%g1] ASI_PNF, %f4
The validation check for quad register is moved to
within the STQ block so that loads are not affected
by the check.

An additional problem is that the calculation for freg
is incorrect when a single precision load is being
handled. This causes %f1 to be seen as %f32 etc,
and the incorrect register ends up being overwritten.
This code sequence demonstrates the problem:
ldd [%g1], %f32 ! g1 = valid address
lda [%i3] ASI_PNF, %f1 ! i3 = invalid address
std %f32, [%g1]
This is corrected by basing the freg calculation on
the load size.

Signed-off-by: Rob Gardner <rob.gardner@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

sparc64: fix sparse warnings in sys_sparc_64.c + unaligned_64.c

Fix following warnings:
kernel/sys_sparc_64.c:643:17: warning: symbol 'sys_kern_features' was not declared. Should it be static?
kernel/unaligned_64.c:297:17: warning: symbol 'kernel_unaligned_trap' was not declared. Should it be static?
kernel/unaligned_64.c:387:5: warning: symbol 'handle_popc' was not declared. Should it be static?
kernel/unaligned_64.c:428:5: warning: symbol 'handle_ldf_stq' was not declared. Should it be static?
kernel/unaligned_64.c:553:6: warning: symbol 'handle_ld_nf' was not declared. Should it be static?
kernel/unaligned_64.c:579:6: warning: symbol 'handle_lddfmna' was not declared. Should it be static?
kernel/unaligned_64.c:643:6: warning: symbol 'handle_stdfmna' was not declared. Should it be static?

Functions that are only used in kernel/ - add prototypes in kernel.h
Functions used outside kernel/ - add prototype in asm/setup.h
Removed local prototypes

One of the local prototypes had wrong signature (return void - not int).

Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

sparc64: Handle 32-bit tasks properly in compute_effective_address().

If we have a 32-bit task we must chop off the top 32-bits of the
64-bit value just as the cpu would.

Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

sparc64: Implement HAVE_CONTEXT_TRACKING

Mark the places when the system are in user or are in kernel.
This is used to make full dynticks system (tickless) --
CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL dependence.

Signed-off-by: Kirill Tkhai <tkhai@yandex.ru>
CC: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

sparc64: Make montmul/montsqr/mpmul usable in 32-bit threads.

The Montgomery Multiply, Montgomery Square, and Multiple-Precision
Multiply instructions work by loading a combination of the floating
point and multiple register windows worth of integer registers
with the inputs.

These values are 64-bit. But for 32-bit userland processes we only
save the low 32-bits of each integer register during a register spill.
This is because the register window save area is in the user stack and
has a fixed layout.

Therefore, the only way to use these instruction in 32-bit mode is to
perform the following sequence:

1) Load the top-32bits of a choosen integer register with a sentinel,
say "-1". This will be in the outer-most register window.

The idea is that we're trying to see if the outer-most register
window gets spilled, and thus the 64-bit values were truncated.

2) Load all the inputs for the montmul/montsqr/mpmul instruction,
down to the inner-most register window.

3) Execute the opcode.

4) Traverse back up to the outer-most register window.

5) Check the sentinel, if it's still "-1" store the results.
Otherwise retry the entire sequence.

This retry is extremely troublesome. If you're just unlucky and an
interrupt or other trap happens, it'll push that outer-most window to
the stack and clear the sentinel when we restore it.

We could retry forever and never make forward progress if interrupts
arrive at a fast enough rate (consider perf events as one example).
So we have do limited retries and fallback to software which is
extremely non-deterministic.

Luckily it's very straightforward to provide a mechanism to let
32-bit applications use a 64-bit stack. Stacks in 64-bit mode are
biased by 2047 bytes, which means that the lowest bit is set in the
actual %sp register value.

So if we see bit zero set in a 32-bit application's stack we treat
it like a 64-bit stack.

Runtime detection of such a facility is tricky, and cumbersome at
best. For example, just trying to use a biased stack and seeing if it
works is hard to recover from (the signal handler will need to use an
alt stack, plus something along the lines of longjmp). Therefore, we
add a system call to report a bitmask of arch specific features like
this in a cheap and less hairy way.

With help from Andy Polyakov.

Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Disintegrate asm/system.h for Sparc

Disintegrate asm/system.h for Sparc.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: sparclinux@vger.kernel.org

arch/sparc/kernel/unaligned_64.c: included linux/bitops.h twice

arch/sparc/kernel/unaligned_64.c included 'linux/bitops.h' twice,
remove the duplicate.

Signed-off-by: Danny Kukawka <danny.kukawka@bisect.de>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

sparc: Use hweight64() in popc emulation.

Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

perf: Remove the nmi parameter from the swevent and overflow interface

The nmi parameter indicated if we could do wakeups from the current
context, if not, we would set some state and self-IPI and let the
resulting interrupt do the wakeup.

For the various event classes:

- hardware: nmi=0; PMI is in fact an NMI or we run irq_work_run from
the PMI-tail (ARM etc.)
- tracepoint: nmi=0; since tracepoint could be from NMI context.
- software: nmi=[0,1]; some, like the schedule thing cannot
perform wakeups, and hence need 0.

As one can see, there is very little nmi=1 usage, and the down-side of
not using it is that on some platforms some software events can have a
jiffy delay in wakeup (when arch_irq_work_raise isn't implemented).

The up-side however is that we can remove the nmi parameter and save a
bunch of conditionals in fast paths.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Michael Cree <mcree@orcon.net.nz>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Deng-Cheng Zhu <dengcheng.zhu@gmail.com>
Cc: Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>
Cc: Eric B Munson <emunson@mgebm.net>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-agjev8eu666tvknpb3iaj0fg@git.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

sparc: Remove unnecessary semicolons

Semicolons are not necessary after switch/while/for/if braces
so remove them.

Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

sparc64: Use correct pt_regs in decode_access_size() error paths.

Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

sparc: use __ratelimit

Replace open-coded rate limiting logic with __ratelimit().

Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

sparc: remove redundant return statements

Signed-off-by: Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@medozas.de>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

sparc: Add alignment and emulation fault perf events.

This mirrors commit 196f02bf900c5eb6f85d889c4f70e7cc11fda7e8
(powerpc: perf_event: Add alignment-faults and emulation-faults software events)

Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

sparc: Most unaligned_64.c tweaks for branch tracer warnings.

arch/sparc/kernel/unaligned_64.c: In function 'handle_lddfmna':
arch/sparc/kernel/unaligned_64.c:592: warning: 'second' may be used uninitialized in this function

Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

sparc64: Work around branch tracer warning.

As reported by Sam Ravnborg, Gcc-3.4.5 does not handle:

if (get_user() || get_user())

with the new branch tracer enabled.

Just seperate it out into seperate statements for now
so people can get work done.

Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

sparc,sparc64: unify kernel/

o Move all files from sparc64/kernel/ to sparc/kernel
- rename as appropriate
o Update sparc/Makefile to the changes
o Update sparc/kernel/Makefile to include the sparc64 files

NOTE: This commit changes link order on sparc64!

Link order had to change for either of sparc32 and sparc64.
And assuming sparc64 see more testing than sparc32 change link
order on sparc64 where issues will be caught faster.

Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>