riscv: Introduce set_compat_task() in asm/compat.h

In order to have all task compat bit access directly in compat.h, introduce
set_compat_task() to set/reset those when needed.

Also, since it's only used on an if/else scenario, simplify the macro using
it.

Signed-off-by: Leonardo Bras <leobras@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240103160024.70305-7-leobras@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@rivosinc.com>

riscv: add compile-time test into is_compat_task()

Currently several places will test for CONFIG_COMPAT before testing
is_compat_task(), probably in order to avoid a run-time test into the task
structure.

Since is_compat_task() is an inlined function, it would be helpful to add a
compile-time test of CONFIG_COMPAT, making sure it always returns zero when
the option is not enabled during the kernel build.

With this, the compiler is able to understand in build-time that
is_compat_task() will always return 0, and optimize-out some of the extra
code introduced by the option.

This will also allow removing a lot #ifdefs that were introduced, and make
the code more clean.

Signed-off-by: Leonardo Bras <leobras@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Andy Chiu <andy.chiu@sifive.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240103160024.70305-5-leobras@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@rivosinc.com>

riscv: Replace direct thread flag check with is_compat_task()

There is some code that detects compat mode into a task by checking the
flag directly, and other code that check using the helper is_compat_task().

Since the helper already exists, use it instead of checking the flags
directly.

Signed-off-by: Leonardo Bras <leobras@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240103160024.70305-4-leobras@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@rivosinc.com>

riscv: Rearrange hwcap.h and cpufeature.h

Now hwcap.h and cpufeature.h are mutually including each other, and most of
the variable/API declarations in hwcap.h are implemented in cpufeature.c,
so, it's better to move them into cpufeature.h and leave only macros for
ISA extension logical IDs in hwcap.h.

BTW, the riscv_isa_extension_mask macro is not used now, so this patch
removes it.

Suggested-by: Andrew Jones <ajones@ventanamicro.com>
Signed-off-by: Xiao Wang <xiao.w.wang@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Jones <ajones@ventanamicro.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231031064553.2319688-2-xiao.w.wang@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@rivosinc.com>

RISC-V: mm: Restrict address space for sv39,sv48,sv57

Make sv48 the default address space for mmap as some applications
currently depend on this assumption. A hint address passed to mmap will
cause the largest address space that fits entirely into the hint to be
used. If the hint is less than or equal to 1<<38, an sv39 address will
be used. An exception is that if the hint address is 0, then a sv48
address will be used. After an address space is completely full, the next
smallest address space will be used.

Signed-off-by: Charlie Jenkins <charlie@rivosinc.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230809232218.849726-2-charlie@rivosinc.com
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@rivosinc.com>

riscv: support the elf-fdpic binfmt loader

Add support for enabling and using the binfmt_elf_fdpic program loader
on RISC-V platforms. The most important change is to setup registers
during program load to pass the mapping addresses to the new process.

One of the interesting features of the elf-fdpic loader is that it
also allows appropriately compiled ELF format binaries to be loaded on
nommu systems. Appropriate being those compiled with -pie.

Signed-off-by: Greg Ungerer <gerg@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230711130754.481209-3-gerg@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@rivosinc.com>

riscv: hwcap: change ELF_HWCAP to a function

Using a function is flexible to represent ELF_HWCAP. So the kernel may
encode hwcap reflecting supported hardware features just at the moment of
the start of each program.

This will be helpful when we introduce prctl/sysctl interface to control
per-process availability of Vector extension in following patches.
Programs started with V disabled should see V masked off in theirs
ELF_HWCAP.

Signed-off-by: Andy Chiu <andy.chiu@sifive.com>
Reviewed-by: Conor Dooley <conor.dooley@microchip.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230605110724.21391-21-andy.chiu@sifive.com
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@rivosinc.com>

riscv: signal: Report signal frame size to userspace via auxv

The vector register belongs to the signal context. They need to be stored
and restored as entering and leaving the signal handler. According to the
V-extension specification, the maximum length of the vector registers can
be 2^16. Hence, if userspace refers to the MINSIGSTKSZ to create a
sigframe, it may not be enough. To resolve this problem, this patch refers
to the commit 94b07c1f8c39c
("arm64: signal: Report signal frame size to userspace via auxv") to enable
userspace to know the minimum required sigframe size through the auxiliary
vector and use it to allocate enough memory for signal context.

Note that auxv always reports size of the sigframe as if V exists for
all starting processes, whenever the kernel has CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_V. The
reason is that users usually reference this value to allocate an
alternative signal stack, and the user may use V anytime. So the user
must reserve a space for V-context in sigframe in case that the signal
handler invokes after the kernel allocating V.

Signed-off-by: Greentime Hu <greentime.hu@sifive.com>
Signed-off-by: Vincent Chen <vincent.chen@sifive.com>
Signed-off-by: Andy Chiu <andy.chiu@sifive.com>
Acked-by: Conor Dooley <conor.dooley@microchip.com>
Reviewed-by: Björn Töpel <bjorn@rivosinc.com>
Reviewed-by: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Heiko Stuebner <heiko.stuebner@vrull.eu>
Tested-by: Heiko Stuebner <heiko.stuebner@vrull.eu>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230605110724.21391-16-andy.chiu@sifive.com
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@rivosinc.com>

RISC-V: Only provide the single-letter extensions in HWCAP

The recent refactoring led to us leaking some HWCAP bits to userspace
that didn't make much sense. With any luck we'll have a better scheme
soon, but for now just mask off those bits to avoid polluting userspace.

Acked-by: Conor Dooley <conor.dooley@microchip.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230202233832.11036-1-palmer@rivosinc.com
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@rivosinc.com>

riscv: Add cache information in AUX vector

There are no standard CSR registers to provide cache information, the
way for RISC-V is to get this information from DT. sysconf syscall
could use them to get information of cache through AUX vector.

The result of 'getconf -a|grep -i cache' as follows:
LEVEL1_ICACHE_SIZE 32768
LEVEL1_ICACHE_ASSOC 2
LEVEL1_ICACHE_LINESIZE 64
LEVEL1_DCACHE_SIZE 32768
LEVEL1_DCACHE_ASSOC 4
LEVEL1_DCACHE_LINESIZE 64
LEVEL2_CACHE_SIZE 524288
LEVEL2_CACHE_ASSOC 8
LEVEL2_CACHE_LINESIZE 64
LEVEL3_CACHE_SIZE 4194304
LEVEL3_CACHE_ASSOC 16
LEVEL3_CACHE_LINESIZE 64
LEVEL4_CACHE_SIZE 0
LEVEL4_CACHE_ASSOC 0
LEVEL4_CACHE_LINESIZE 0

Signed-off-by: Greentime Hu <greentime.hu@sifive.com>
Signed-off-by: Zong Li <zong.li@sifive.com>
Suggested-by: Zong Li <zong.li@sifive.com>
Reviewed-by: Conor Dooley <conor.dooley@microchip.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220913061817.22564-8-zong.li@sifive.com
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@rivosinc.com>

riscv: compat: vdso: Add setup additional pages implementation

Reconstruct __setup_additional_pages() by appending vdso info
pointer argument to meet compat_vdso_info requirement. And change
vm_special_mapping *dm, *cm initialization into static.

Signed-off-by: Guo Ren <guoren@linux.alibaba.com>
Signed-off-by: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@rivosinc.com>
Tested-by: Heiko Stuebner <heiko@sntech.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220405071314.3225832-18-guoren@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@rivosinc.com>

riscv: compat: Add hw capability check for elf

Detect hardware COMPAT (32bit U-mode) capability in rv64. If not
support COMPAT mode in hw, compat_elf_check_arch would return
false by compat_binfmt_elf.c

Add CLASS to enhance (compat_)elf_check_arch to distinguish
32BIT/64BIT elf.

Signed-off-by: Guo Ren <guoren@linux.alibaba.com>
Signed-off-by: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Heiko Stuebner <heiko@sntech.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220405071314.3225832-16-guoren@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@rivosinc.com>

riscv: compat: Add elf.h implementation

Implement necessary type and macro for compat elf. See the code
comment for detail.

Signed-off-by: Guo Ren <guoren@linux.alibaba.com>
Signed-off-by: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Tested-by: Heiko Stuebner <heiko@sntech.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220405071314.3225832-15-guoren@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@rivosinc.com>

riscv: Improve stack randomisation on RV64

This enlarges the bits availiable for stack randomisation on RV64 from
the default of 8MiB to 1GiB, to match arm64 and x86.

Also, update the documentation to reflect our support for stack
randomisation.

Signed-off-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com>
[Palmer: commit text]
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmerdabbelt@google.com>

RISC-V: Add kdump support

This patch adds support for kdump, the kernel will reserve a
region for the crash kernel and jump there on panic. In order
for userspace tools (kexec-tools) to prepare the crash kernel
kexec image, we also need to expose some information on
/proc/iomem for the memory regions used by the kernel and for
the region reserved for crash kernel. Note that on userspace
the device tree is used to determine the system's memory
layout so the "System RAM" on /proc/iomem is ignored.

I tested this on riscv64 qemu and works as expected, you may
test it by triggering a crash through /proc/sysrq_trigger:

echo c > /proc/sysrq_trigger

Signed-off-by: Nick Kossifidis <mick@ics.forth.gr>
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmerdabbelt@google.com>

riscv: Add cache information in AUX vector

There are no standard CSR registers to provide cache information, the
way for RISC-V is to get this information from DT. Currently, AT_L1I_X,
AT_L1D_X and AT_L2_X are present in glibc header, and sysconf syscall
could use them to get information of cache through AUX vector.

The result of 'getconf -a' as follows:
LEVEL1_ICACHE_SIZE 32768
LEVEL1_ICACHE_ASSOC 8
LEVEL1_ICACHE_LINESIZE 64
LEVEL1_DCACHE_SIZE 32768
LEVEL1_DCACHE_ASSOC 8
LEVEL1_DCACHE_LINESIZE 64
LEVEL2_CACHE_SIZE 2097152
LEVEL2_CACHE_ASSOC 32
LEVEL2_CACHE_LINESIZE 64

Signed-off-by: Zong Li <zong.li@sifive.com>
Reviewed-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmerdabbelt@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmerdabbelt@google.com>

riscv: add nommu support

The kernel runs in M-mode without using page tables, and thus can't run
bare metal without help from additional firmware.

Most of the patch is just stubbing out code not needed without page
tables, but there is an interesting detail in the signals implementation:

- The normal RISC-V syscall ABI only implements rt_sigreturn as VDSO
entry point, but the ELF VDSO is not supported for nommu Linux.
We instead copy the code to call the syscall onto the stack.

In addition to enabling the nommu code a new defconfig for a small
kernel image that can run in nommu mode on qemu is also provided, to run
a kernel in qemu you can use the following command line:

qemu-system-riscv64 -smp 2 -m 64 -machine virt -nographic \
-kernel arch/riscv/boot/loader \
-drive file=rootfs.ext2,format=raw,id=hd0 \
-device virtio-blk-device,drive=hd0

Contains contributions from Damien Le Moal <Damien.LeMoal@wdc.com>.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Anup Patel <anup@brainfault.org>
[paul.walmsley@sifive.com: updated to apply; add CONFIG_MMU guards
around PCI_IOBASE definition to fix build issues; fixed checkpatch
issues; move the PCI_IO_* and VMEMMAP address space macros along
with the others; resolve sparse warning]
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>

treewide: Replace GPLv2 boilerplate/reference with SPDX - rule 152

Based on 1 normalized pattern(s):

this program is free software you can redistribute it and or modify
it under the terms of the gnu general public license as published by
the free software foundation either version 2 of the license or at
your option any later version

extracted by the scancode license scanner the SPDX license identifier

GPL-2.0-or-later

has been chosen to replace the boilerplate/reference in 3029 file(s).

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Allison Randal <allison@lohutok.net>
Cc: linux-spdx@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190527070032.746973796@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

riscv: remove unreachable big endian code

RISC-V is always little endian.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@sifive.com>

Move EM_RISCV into elf-em.h

This should never have been inside our arch port to begin with, it's
just a relic from when we were maintaining out of tree patches.

Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Tested-by: David Abdurachmanov <david.abdurachmanov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@sifive.com>

RISC-V: ELF and module implementation

This patch contains the code that interfaces with ELF objects on RISC-V
systems, the vast majority of which is present to load kernel modules.

Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>