MIPS: remove GCC < 4.9 support

Remove a tautology; since
commit 0bddd227f3dc ("Documentation: update for gcc 4.9 requirement")
which raised the minimally supported version of GCC to 4.9, this case is
always true.

Link: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/427
Signed-off-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>

mips: Add MIPS Release 5 support

There are five MIPS32/64 architecture releases currently available:
from 1 to 6 except fourth one, which was intentionally skipped.
Three of them can be called as major: 1st, 2nd and 6th, that not only
have some system level alterations, but also introduced significant
core/ISA level updates. The rest of the MIPS architecture releases are
minor.

Even though they don't have as much ISA/system/core level changes
as the major ones with respect to the previous releases, they still
provide a set of updates (I'd say they were intended to be the
intermediate releases before a major one) that might be useful for the
kernel and user-level code, when activated by the kernel or compiler.
In particular the following features were introduced or ended up being
available at/after MIPS32/64 Release 5 architecture:
+ the last release of the misaligned memory access instructions,
+ virtualisation - VZ ASE - is optional component of the arch,
+ SIMD - MSA ASE - is optional component of the arch,
+ DSP ASE is optional component of the arch,
+ CP0.Status.FR=1 for CP1.FIR.F64=1 (pure 64-bit FPU general registers)
must be available if FPU is implemented,
+ CP1.FIR.Has2008 support is required so CP1.FCSR.{ABS2008,NAN2008} bits
are available.
+ UFR/UNFR aliases to access CP0.Status.FR from user-space by means of
ctc1/cfc1 instructions (enabled by CP0.Config5.UFR),
+ CP0.COnfig5.LLB=1 and eretnc instruction are implemented to without
accidentally clearing LL-bit when returning from an interrupt,
exception, or error trap,
+ XPA feature together with extended versions of CPx registers is
introduced, which needs to have mfhc0/mthc0 instructions available.

So due to these changes GNU GCC provides an extended instructions set
support for MIPS32/64 Release 5 by default like eretnc/mfhc0/mthc0. Even
though the architecture alteration isn't that big, it still worth to be
taken into account by the kernel software. Finally we can't deny that
some optimization/limitations might be found in future and implemented
on some level in kernel or compiler. In this case having even
intermediate MIPS architecture releases support would be more than
useful.

So the most of the changes provided by this commit can be split into
either compile- or runtime configs related. The compile-time related
changes are caused by adding the new CONFIG_CPU_MIPS32_R5/CONFIG_CPU_MIPSR5
configs and concern the code activating MIPSR2 or MIPSR6 already
implemented features (like eretnc/LLbit, mthc0/mfhc0). In addition
CPU_HAS_MSA can be now freely enabled for MIPS32/64 release 5 based
platforms as this is done for CPU_MIPS32_R6 CPUs. The runtime changes
concerns the features which are handled with respect to the MIPS ISA
revision detected at run-time by means of CP0.Config.{AT,AR} bits. Alas
these fields can be used to detect either r1 or r2 or r6 releases.
But since we know which CPUs in fact support the R5 arch, we can manually
set MIPS_CPU_ISA_M32R5/MIPS_CPU_ISA_M64R5 bit of c->isa_level and then
use cpu_has_mips32r5/cpu_has_mips64r5 where it's appropriate.

Since XPA/EVA provide too complex alterationss and to have them used with
MIPS32 Release 2 charged kernels (for compatibility with current platform
configs) they are left to be setup as a separate kernel configs.

Co-developed-by: Alexey Malahov <Alexey.Malahov@baikalelectronics.ru>
Signed-off-by: Alexey Malahov <Alexey.Malahov@baikalelectronics.ru>
Signed-off-by: Serge Semin <Sergey.Semin@baikalelectronics.ru>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Cc: Paul Burton <paulburton@kernel.org>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Rob Herring <robh+dt@kernel.org>
Cc: devicetree@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>

MIPS: Simplify GCC_OFF_SMALL_ASM definition

The GCC_OFF_SMALL_ASM macro defines the constraint to use for
instructions needing "small offsets", typically the LL or SC
instructions. Historically these had 16 bit offsets, but microMIPS &
MIPS32/MIPS64r6 onwards reduced the width of the offset field.

GCC 4.9 & higher supports a ZC constraint which matches the offset
requirements of the LL & SC instructions. Where supported we can use
the ZC constraint regardless of ISA, and it will handle the requirements
of the ISA correctly. As such we require 3 cases:

- GCC 4.9 & higher can use ZC.

- GCC older than 4.9 must use the older R constraint, which does not
take into account microMIPS or MIPSr6.

- microMIPS builds therefore require GCC 4.9 or higher. MIPSr6 support
was only introduced in newer compilers anyway so it can be ignored
here.

The current code complicates this a little by specifically having MIPSr6
bypass the GCC version check, and using the R constraint for pre-MIPSr6
builds even if the compiler supports ZC which would be equivalent.

Simplify this such that the code straightforwardly implements the 3
cases outlined above.

For non-GCC compilers we presume that ZC is safe to use. In practice the
only non-GCC compiler of interest is clang and it has supported the ZC
constraint since version 3.7.0. It seems safe enough to presume that
nobody will expect to built a working kernel using a clang version older
than that, and if they do then they'll have bigger problems. As such we
don't check the clang version number & just presume ZC is usable when
the compiler is not GCC.

Signed-off-by: Paul Burton <paul.burton@mips.com>
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/20999/
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org

MIPS: Remove GCC_IMM_ASM & GCC_REG_ACCUM macros

asm/compiler.h defined GCC_IMM_ASM & GCC_REG_ACCUM macros, both of which
are defined differently for GCC pre-3.4 or GCC 3.4 & higher. We only
support building with GCC 4.6 & higher since commit cafa0010cd51 ("Raise
the minimum required gcc version to 4.6"), which makes the pre-3.4
definition dead code.

Rather than leave the macro definitions around, inline the GCC 3.4 &
higher definitions into the single file that uses them & remove the
macros entirely.

Signed-off-by: Paul Burton <paul.burton@mips.com>
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/21000/
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org

MIPS: Workaround GCC __builtin_unreachable reordering bug

Some versions of GCC for the MIPS architecture suffer from a bug which
can lead to instructions from beyond an unreachable statement being
incorrectly reordered into earlier branch delay slots if the unreachable
statement is the only content of a case in a switch statement. This can
lead to seemingly random behaviour, such as invalid memory accesses from
incorrectly reordered loads or stores, and link failures on microMIPS
builds.

See this potential GCC fix for details:

https://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-patches/2015-09/msg00360.html

Runtime problems resulting from this bug were initially observed using a
maltasmvp_defconfig v4.4 kernel built using GCC 4.9.2 (from a Codescape
SDK 2015.06-05 toolchain), with the result being an address exception
taken after log messages about the L1 caches (during probe of the L2
cache):

Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000080000000-0x000000009fffffff]
VPE topology {2,2} total 4
Primary instruction cache 64kB, VIPT, 4-way, linesize 32 bytes.
Primary data cache 64kB, 4-way, PIPT, no aliases, linesize 32 bytes
<AdEL exception here>

This is early enough that the kernel exception vectors are not in use,
so any further output depends upon the bootloader. This is reproducible
in QEMU where no further output occurs - ie. the system hangs here.
Given the nature of the bug it may potentially be hit with differing
symptoms. The bug is known to affect GCC versions as recent as 7.3, and
it is unclear whether GCC 8 fixed it or just happens not to encounter
the bug in the testcase found at the link above due to differing
optimizations.

This bug can be worked around by placing a volatile asm statement, which
GCC is prevented from reordering past, prior to the
__builtin_unreachable call.

That was actually done already for other reasons by commit 173a3efd3edb
("bug.h: work around GCC PR82365 in BUG()"), but creates problems for
microMIPS builds due to the lack of a .insn directive. The microMIPS ISA
allows for interlinking with regular MIPS32 code by repurposing bit 0 of
the program counter as an ISA mode bit. To switch modes one changes the
value of this bit in the PC. However typical branch instructions encode
their offsets as multiples of 2-byte instruction halfwords, which means
they cannot change ISA mode - this must be done using either an indirect
branch (a jump-register in MIPS terminology) or a dedicated jalx
instruction. In order to ensure that regular branches don't attempt to
target code in a different ISA which they can't actually switch to, the
linker will check that branch targets are code in the same ISA as the
branch.

Unfortunately our empty asm volatile statements don't qualify as code,
and the link for microMIPS builds fails with errors such as:

arch/mips/mm/dma-default.s:3265: Error: branch to a symbol in another ISA mode
arch/mips/mm/dma-default.s:5027: Error: branch to a symbol in another ISA mode

Resolve this by adding a .insn directive within the asm statement which
declares that what comes next is code. This may or may not be true,
since we don't really know what comes next, but as this code is in an
unreachable path anyway that doesn't matter since we won't execute it.

We do this in asm/compiler.h & select CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_COMPILER_H in
order to have this included by linux/compiler_types.h after
linux/compiler-gcc.h. This will result in asm/compiler.h being included
in all C compilations via the -include linux/compiler_types.h argument
in c_flags, which should be harmless.

Signed-off-by: Paul Burton <paul.burton@mips.com>
Fixes: 173a3efd3edb ("bug.h: work around GCC PR82365 in BUG()")
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/20270/
Cc: James Hogan <jhogan@kernel.org>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org

MIPS: Use the new "ZC" constraint for MIPS R6

GCC versions supporting MIPS R6 use the ZC constraint to enforce a
9-bit offset for MIPS R6. We will use that for all MIPS R6 LL/SC
instructions.

Cc: Matthew Fortune <Matthew.Fortune@imgtec.com>
Signed-off-by: Markos Chandras <markos.chandras@imgtec.com>

MIPS: asm: Rename GCC_OFF12_ASM to GCC_OFF_SMALL_ASM

The GCC_OFF12_ASM macro is used for 12-bit immediate constrains
but we will also use it for 9-bit constrains on MIPS R6 so we
rename it to something more appropriate.

Cc: Maciej W. Rozycki <macro@linux-mips.org>
Signed-off-by: Markos Chandras <markos.chandras@imgtec.com>

MIPS: asm: compiler: Add new macros to set ISA and arch asm annotations

There are certain places where the code uses .set mips32 or .set mips64
or .set arch=r4000. In preparation of MIPS R6 support, and in order to
use as less #ifdefs as possible, we define new macros to set similar
annotations for MIPS R6.

Signed-off-by: Markos Chandras <markos.chandras@imgtec.com>

MIPS: Fix microMIPS LL/SC immediate offsets

In the microMIPS encoding some memory access instructions have their
immediate offset reduced to 12 bits only. That does not match the GCC
`R' constraint we use in some places to satisfy the requirement,
resulting in build failures like this:

{standard input}: Assembler messages:
{standard input}:720: Error: macro used $at after ".set noat"
{standard input}:720: Warning: macro instruction expanded into multiple instructions

Fix the problem by defining a macro, `GCC_OFF12_ASM', that expands to
the right constraint depending on whether microMIPS or standard MIPS
code is produced. Also apply the fix to where `m' is used as in the
worst case this change does nothing, e.g. where the pointer was already
in a register such as a function argument and no further offset was
requested, and in the best case it avoids an extraneous sequence of up
to two instructions to load the high 20 bits of the address in the LL/SC
loop. This reduces the risk of lock contention that is the higher the
more instructions there are in the critical section between LL and SC.

Strictly speaking we could just bulk-replace `R' with `ZC' as the latter
constraint adjusts automatically depending on the ISA selected.
However it was only introduced with GCC 4.9 and we keep supporing older
compilers for the standard MIPS configuration, hence the slightly more
complicated approach I chose.

The choice of a zero-argument function-like rather than an object-like
macro was made so that it does not look like a function call taking the
C expression used for the constraint as an argument. This is so as not
to confuse the reader or formatting checkers like `checkpatch.pl' and
follows previous practice.

Signed-off-by: Maciej W. Rozycki <macro@codesourcery.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven J. Hill <Steven.Hill@imgtec.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/8482/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>

MIPS: Move headfiles to new location below arch/mips/include

Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>