More trivial syntax and logic cleanup.

Spotted by Clang. No functional change intended.

kernel: Use anonymous namespaces to avoid type collisions.

The anonymous namespace makes type definitions local to the translation
unit (like static does for objects). For pretty much any type not shared
across multiple files this is what one wants to happen (and might
erroneously expect to happen automatically).

This commit solves some actual collisions that were present:

* The VFS and the rootfs both used an incompatible VnodeHash struct for
their BOpenHashTable.
* XSI semaphores and message queues both used queued_thread, Ipc and
IpcHashTableDefinition.

For release builds these did not cause problems as the types were fully
inlined. Debug builds would crash at boot however because parts of a
BOpenHashTable<VnodeHash> from the rootfs meant to operate on struct
rootfs_vnode would be applied to one from the VFS expecting struct
vnode.

As such collisions are violations of the one definition rule, the code
is at fault and unfortunatley the compiler isn't required to diagnose
such problems across translation units (which isn't actually trivial).
This can lead to subtle and hard to debug problems and it's therefore
best to avoid leaking types into the global namespace whenever possible.

Allow disabling ASLR via DISABLE_ASLR environment variable

* VMAddressSpace: Add randomizingEnabled property.
* VMUserAddressSpace: Randomize addresses only when randomizingEnabled
property is set.
* create_team_arg(): Check, if the team's environment contains
"DISABLE_ASLR=1". Set the team's address space property
randomizingEnabled accordingly in load_image_internal() and
exec_team().

Fixed formatting of output in some debugger commands.

Currently all debugger commands assume 32-bit pointers when formatting their
output. This means that on x86_64 the output is incorrectly formatted. Fixed
this by adding a B_PRINTF_POINTER_WIDTH definition (16 on 64-bit, 8 on
32-bit), and using this to correctly format the output. Not all commands have
been fixed yet, but all VM, slab, VFS, team, thread and image commands should
be correct.

Fixed tracing printf formats in VM code.

Merged the signals branch into trunk, with these changes:
* The team and thread kernel structures have been renamed to Team and Thread
respectively and moved into the new BKernel namespace.
* Several (kernel add-on) sources have been converted from C to C++ since
private kernel headers are included that are no longer C compatible.

Changes after merging:
* Fixed gcc 2 build (warnings mainly in the scary firewire bus manager).


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@40196 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

* Fixup trace message

git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@39001 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

VMAddressSpace::_DumpListCommand(): Sum up also null-cache areas. Those are
used e.g. by the slab allocator. The interesting part is the address space
usage anyway.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@37139 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

Removed no-op VMTranslationMap::InitPostSem() and
VMAddressSpace::InitPostSem().


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@37025 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

Set fTranslationMap to NULL in the constructor. Otherwise an error in
Create() could cause the destructor to crash.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@36329 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

Added DebugGet() method for use in the kernel debugger.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@36227 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

* Introduced {malloc,memalign,free}_etc() which take an additional "flags"
argument. They replace the previous special-purpose allocation functions
(malloc_nogrow(), vip_io_request_malloc()).
* Moved the I/O VIP heap to heap.cpp accordingly.
* Added quite a bit of passing around of allocation flags in the VM,
particularly in the VM*AddressSpace classes.
* Fixed IOBuffer::GetNextVirtualVec(): It was ignoring the VIP flag and always
allocated on the normal heap.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@35316 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

* Added vm_page::accessed flag. Works analogously to vm_page::modified.
* Reorganized the code for [un]mapping pages:
- Added new VMTranslationMap::Unmap{Area,Page[s]}() which essentially do what
vm_unmap_page[s]() did before, just in the architecture specific code, which
allows for specific optimizations. UnmapArea() is for the special case that
the complete area is unmapped. Particularly in case the address space is
deleted, some work can be saved. Several TODOs could be slain.
- Since they are only used within vm.cpp vm_map_page() and vm_unmap_page[s]()
are now static and have lost their prefix (and the "preserveModified"
parameter).
* Added VMTranslationMap::Protect{Page,Area}(). They are just inline wrappers
for Protect().
* X86VMTranslationMap::Protect(): Make sure not to accidentally clear the
accessed/dirty flags.
* X86VMTranslationMap::Unmap()/Protect(): Make page table skipping actually
work. It was only skipping to the next page.
* Adjusted the PPC code to at least compile.

No measurable effect for the -j8 Haiku image build time, though the kernel time
drops minimally.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@35089 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

Refactored vm_translation_map:
* Pulled the physical page mapping functions out of vm_translation_map into
a new interface VMPhysicalPageMapper.
* Renamed vm_translation_map to VMTranslationMap and made it a proper C++
class. The functions in the operations vector have become methods.
* Added class GenericVMPhysicalPageMapper implementing VMPhysicalPageMapper
as far as possible (without actually writing new code).
* Adjusted the x86 and the PPC specifics accordingly (untested for the
latter). For the other architectures the build is, I'm afraid, seriously
broken.

The next steps will modify and extend the VMTranslationMap interface, so that
it will be possible to fix the bugs in vm_unmap_page[s]() and employ
architecture specific optimizations.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@35066 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

* Added Size() method.
* Added Debug{First,Next}() methods to allow easy iteration through the
address spaces in kernel debugger commands.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@34978 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

VMAddressSpace::Put() is too hot to always write lock the address spaces
table. It is now inline and uses double-checked locking. This reduces the
contention on the lock to insignificant. Total -j8 Haiku image build speedup
is marginal, but the total kernel time drops 12%.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@34934 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

Moved VMCache related definitions to <vm/VMCache.h>.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@34535 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

* Renamed VMAddressSpace::ResizeArea{Head,Tail}() to ShrinkArea{Head,Tail}()
to clarify that they never enlarge the area.
* Reimplemented VMKernelAddressSpace. It is somewhat inspired by Bonwick's
vmem resource allocator (though we have different requirements):
- We consider the complete address space to be divided into contiguous
ranges of type free, reserved, or area, each range being represented by
a VMKernelAddressRange object.
- The range objects are managed in an AVL tree and a doubly linked list
(the latter only for faster iteration) sorted by address. This provides
O(log(n)) lookup, insertion and removal.
- For each power of two size we maintain a list of free ranges of at least
that size. Thus for the most common case of B_ANY*_ADDRESS area
allocation, we find a free range in constant time (the rest of the
processing being O(log(n))) with a rather good fit. This should also
help avoiding address space fragmentation.
While the new implementation should be faster, particularly with an
increasing number of areas, I couldn't measure any difference in the -j2
haiku build. From a cursory test the -j8 build hasn't tangibly benefitted
either.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@34528 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

Made VMAddressSpace an abstract base class and moved the area management into
new derived classes VM{Kernel,User}AddressSpace. Currently those are
identical, but that will change.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@34492 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

Moved all knowledge of reserved areas from vm.cpp to VMAddressSpace. It's a
pure address space feature, so it should be handled there.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@34491 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

* Added VMAddressSpace::ResizeArea{Head,Tail}() to adjust an area's base
and size.
* Made VMArea::Set{Base,Size}() private and made VMAddressSpace a friend.
In vm.cpp the new VMAddressSpace::ResizeArea{Head,Tail}() are used
instead.
Finally all address space changes happen in VMAddressSpace only. *phew*
Now it's ready to be thoroughly butchered. :-)


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@34467 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

Made the VMArea fields base and size private and added accessors instead.
This makes it more explicit where the fields are modified.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@34464 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

* Changed the address space area list to doubly linked. The reason is to
simplify migration of the area management, but as a side effect, it also
makes area deletion O(1) (instead of O(n), n == number of areas in the
address space).
* Moved more area management functionality from vm.cpp to VMAddressSpace and
VMArea structure creation to VMArea. Made the list and list link members
itself private.
* VMAddressSpace tracks its amount of free space, now. This also replaces
the previous mechanism to do that only for the kernel address space. It
was broken anyway, since delete_area() subtracted the area size instead of
adding it.
* vm_free_unused_boot_loader_range():
- lastEnd could be set to a value < start, which could cause memory
outside of the given range to be unmapped. Haven't checked whether this
could happen in practice -- if so, it would be seriously unhealthy.
- The range between the end of the last area in the range and the end of
the range would never be freed.
- Fixed potential integer overflows when computing addresses.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@34459 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

Created VMArea.{h,cpp} and moved VMArea and the global area hash table (new
class VMAreaHash) there.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@34450 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

* Moved the VM headers into subdirectory vm/.
* Renamed vm_cache.h/vm_address_space.h to VMCache.h/VMAddressSpace.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@34449 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

Allow disabling ASLR via DISABLE_ASLR environment variable

* VMAddressSpace: Add randomizingEnabled property.
* VMUserAddressSpace: Randomize addresses only when randomizingEnabled
property is set.
* create_team_arg(): Check, if the team's environment contains
"DISABLE_ASLR=1". Set the team's address space property
randomizingEnabled accordingly in load_image_internal() and
exec_team().

Fixed formatting of output in some debugger commands.

Currently all debugger commands assume 32-bit pointers when formatting their
output. This means that on x86_64 the output is incorrectly formatted. Fixed
this by adding a B_PRINTF_POINTER_WIDTH definition (16 on 64-bit, 8 on
32-bit), and using this to correctly format the output. Not all commands have
been fixed yet, but all VM, slab, VFS, team, thread and image commands should
be correct.

Fixed tracing printf formats in VM code.

Merged the signals branch into trunk, with these changes:
* The team and thread kernel structures have been renamed to Team and Thread
respectively and moved into the new BKernel namespace.
* Several (kernel add-on) sources have been converted from C to C++ since
private kernel headers are included that are no longer C compatible.

Changes after merging:
* Fixed gcc 2 build (warnings mainly in the scary firewire bus manager).


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@40196 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

* Fixup trace message

git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@39001 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

VMAddressSpace::_DumpListCommand(): Sum up also null-cache areas. Those are
used e.g. by the slab allocator. The interesting part is the address space
usage anyway.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@37139 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

Removed no-op VMTranslationMap::InitPostSem() and
VMAddressSpace::InitPostSem().


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@37025 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

Set fTranslationMap to NULL in the constructor. Otherwise an error in
Create() could cause the destructor to crash.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@36329 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

Added DebugGet() method for use in the kernel debugger.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@36227 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

* Introduced {malloc,memalign,free}_etc() which take an additional "flags"
argument. They replace the previous special-purpose allocation functions
(malloc_nogrow(), vip_io_request_malloc()).
* Moved the I/O VIP heap to heap.cpp accordingly.
* Added quite a bit of passing around of allocation flags in the VM,
particularly in the VM*AddressSpace classes.
* Fixed IOBuffer::GetNextVirtualVec(): It was ignoring the VIP flag and always
allocated on the normal heap.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@35316 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

* Added vm_page::accessed flag. Works analogously to vm_page::modified.
* Reorganized the code for [un]mapping pages:
- Added new VMTranslationMap::Unmap{Area,Page[s]}() which essentially do what
vm_unmap_page[s]() did before, just in the architecture specific code, which
allows for specific optimizations. UnmapArea() is for the special case that
the complete area is unmapped. Particularly in case the address space is
deleted, some work can be saved. Several TODOs could be slain.
- Since they are only used within vm.cpp vm_map_page() and vm_unmap_page[s]()
are now static and have lost their prefix (and the "preserveModified"
parameter).
* Added VMTranslationMap::Protect{Page,Area}(). They are just inline wrappers
for Protect().
* X86VMTranslationMap::Protect(): Make sure not to accidentally clear the
accessed/dirty flags.
* X86VMTranslationMap::Unmap()/Protect(): Make page table skipping actually
work. It was only skipping to the next page.
* Adjusted the PPC code to at least compile.

No measurable effect for the -j8 Haiku image build time, though the kernel time
drops minimally.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@35089 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

Refactored vm_translation_map:
* Pulled the physical page mapping functions out of vm_translation_map into
a new interface VMPhysicalPageMapper.
* Renamed vm_translation_map to VMTranslationMap and made it a proper C++
class. The functions in the operations vector have become methods.
* Added class GenericVMPhysicalPageMapper implementing VMPhysicalPageMapper
as far as possible (without actually writing new code).
* Adjusted the x86 and the PPC specifics accordingly (untested for the
latter). For the other architectures the build is, I'm afraid, seriously
broken.

The next steps will modify and extend the VMTranslationMap interface, so that
it will be possible to fix the bugs in vm_unmap_page[s]() and employ
architecture specific optimizations.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@35066 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

* Added Size() method.
* Added Debug{First,Next}() methods to allow easy iteration through the
address spaces in kernel debugger commands.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@34978 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

VMAddressSpace::Put() is too hot to always write lock the address spaces
table. It is now inline and uses double-checked locking. This reduces the
contention on the lock to insignificant. Total -j8 Haiku image build speedup
is marginal, but the total kernel time drops 12%.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@34934 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

Moved VMCache related definitions to <vm/VMCache.h>.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@34535 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

* Renamed VMAddressSpace::ResizeArea{Head,Tail}() to ShrinkArea{Head,Tail}()
to clarify that they never enlarge the area.
* Reimplemented VMKernelAddressSpace. It is somewhat inspired by Bonwick's
vmem resource allocator (though we have different requirements):
- We consider the complete address space to be divided into contiguous
ranges of type free, reserved, or area, each range being represented by
a VMKernelAddressRange object.
- The range objects are managed in an AVL tree and a doubly linked list
(the latter only for faster iteration) sorted by address. This provides
O(log(n)) lookup, insertion and removal.
- For each power of two size we maintain a list of free ranges of at least
that size. Thus for the most common case of B_ANY*_ADDRESS area
allocation, we find a free range in constant time (the rest of the
processing being O(log(n))) with a rather good fit. This should also
help avoiding address space fragmentation.
While the new implementation should be faster, particularly with an
increasing number of areas, I couldn't measure any difference in the -j2
haiku build. From a cursory test the -j8 build hasn't tangibly benefitted
either.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@34528 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

Made VMAddressSpace an abstract base class and moved the area management into
new derived classes VM{Kernel,User}AddressSpace. Currently those are
identical, but that will change.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@34492 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

Moved all knowledge of reserved areas from vm.cpp to VMAddressSpace. It's a
pure address space feature, so it should be handled there.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@34491 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

* Added VMAddressSpace::ResizeArea{Head,Tail}() to adjust an area's base
and size.
* Made VMArea::Set{Base,Size}() private and made VMAddressSpace a friend.
In vm.cpp the new VMAddressSpace::ResizeArea{Head,Tail}() are used
instead.
Finally all address space changes happen in VMAddressSpace only. *phew*
Now it's ready to be thoroughly butchered. :-)


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@34467 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

Made the VMArea fields base and size private and added accessors instead.
This makes it more explicit where the fields are modified.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@34464 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

* Changed the address space area list to doubly linked. The reason is to
simplify migration of the area management, but as a side effect, it also
makes area deletion O(1) (instead of O(n), n == number of areas in the
address space).
* Moved more area management functionality from vm.cpp to VMAddressSpace and
VMArea structure creation to VMArea. Made the list and list link members
itself private.
* VMAddressSpace tracks its amount of free space, now. This also replaces
the previous mechanism to do that only for the kernel address space. It
was broken anyway, since delete_area() subtracted the area size instead of
adding it.
* vm_free_unused_boot_loader_range():
- lastEnd could be set to a value < start, which could cause memory
outside of the given range to be unmapped. Haven't checked whether this
could happen in practice -- if so, it would be seriously unhealthy.
- The range between the end of the last area in the range and the end of
the range would never be freed.
- Fixed potential integer overflows when computing addresses.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@34459 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

Created VMArea.{h,cpp} and moved VMArea and the global area hash table (new
class VMAreaHash) there.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@34450 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96

* Moved the VM headers into subdirectory vm/.
* Renamed vm_cache.h/vm_address_space.h to VMCache.h/VMAddressSpace.


git-svn-id: file:///srv/svn/repos/haiku/haiku/trunk@34449 a95241bf-73f2-0310-859d-f6bbb57e9c96