[chromeos][gpt] Convert Chrome OS tests to C++

- Automatically track lifetimes
- No more mutable globals
- Actually closing disk file descriptor (via unique fd)

Test: /boot/test/sys/chromeos-disk-setup-test

Change-Id: I279aa6f49e3a2e1dfc7b0126b8cba0aaa25fb7e7

[paver] migrate to new partition layout on cros

Alter the partition layout on CROS to include ZIRCON-A, ZIRCON-B and
ZIRCON-R. At this stage only ZIRCON-A will be used, but the others will
begin to be used in following changes.

Test: CQ: chromeos-disk-setup, plus manual plan below.

* Tested against a freshly "recovered" device
* Tested aginst a device paved with the prior generation paving code
* Tested against itself, repeated paving

In the manual tests above, checked `cgpt show` to verify starting state,
and inspected `lsblk` for the correct resultant state.

Change-Id: I1faa76cb2689198db84612a947d224c3ee938e30

[cprng] Update clients to zx_cprng_draw

Test: cprng, chromeos-disk-setup
Change-Id: I8fffa468ceec58a371c8eaa0c6bbdaa204e77df8

[cprng] Remove short reads from zx_cprng_draw

We never actually generate short reads from zx_cprng_draw. This CL
removes the |actual| out parameter. Now zx_cprng_draw either fails or
succeeds in drawing the amount requested, simplifying clients and
removing possible mistakes.

This CL is phase 1 of the transition, which introduces the new version as
zx_cprng_draw_new. Once all the clients are migrated, we'll change
zx_cprng_draw itself, migrate all the clients back, and then remove
zx_cprng_draw_new.

Change-Id: I2219d0517f103fb999014de1e846fa8b8a5ca20c

[gpt] Avoid hardcoding GPT driver/library to 512 bytes

ZX-2156 #done

Change-Id: Ie36729ac910f2d06084b95aff14b785a5d57e305

[gpt] Add functionality to zero out partitions

ZX-2067 #comment In Progress

Change-Id: Ib1c27206225e6752f4e9992c8a6319aaca287da6

[gpt][installer][chromeos-disk-setup] Move code

Move a couple of library functions from the installer library to
the GPT library. This seems like a more appropriate home and
prepares for remove of installer.

ZX-1423 #in-progress

Change-Id: Icadd85f3f4eaedb48eea9f65e77b866fac895e0d

[gpt] unify gpt structure headers

The bootloader wants to see these, so migrate to system/zircon/hw
and try to reduce the number of slightly different versions of these
structures and defines we h ave.

ulib/gpt will need more invasive changes to use the common version
of the gpt header that does not make assumptions about the block size,
so I renamed its gpt_header to gpt_hdr_blk to more accurately reflect
what it is, to avoid conflicts until more extensive tidying up can
be done.

Change-Id: I4471ecd6332cc8d071e0bced4df900ccf2579e99

[gpt][minfs] add installer partition type

This partition type GUID is auto-mounted at /install and will be used by
installer USB keys and such use cases, maybe recovery.

Change-Id: I959c462182285d39b9d8943a8d785857aa7880a1

[ulib][chromeos-disk-setup] Add ChromeOS disk util

This also adds items in utest and uapp.

Add a library to examine and reconfigure CrOS devices for
paving. We also add a small test binary that does a dry run
of the reconfig an actual program might do if it wanted to
reconfigure the disk layout.

Change-Id: I6b06e3eadc6444d2d1c6599ddf2e3c89d0a2f7a0

[gpt] Consolidate c-string / UTF-16 conversion

Change-Id: Ic3c801ce8d5f22ae2d9c7e22254387a2bf427105

[ulib][gpt] Updates for CrOS dual boot support

Add constants to identify typical CrOS partitions

Create a way to initialize a GPT for in-memory use without
needing to write it to disk, particularly a disk that matches
the size the GPT reports for the disk. This great improves
options for testing code which manipulates a GPT.

Change-Id: I2bcdf6fa045e6097ce6488e56891696a4aa0fbd7

[ulib][gpt] Allow single-block partitions

Partitions may have their first and last block be the same if the
partition is a single block in size.

Change-Id: I66226657d47202150205fab715b5ecd2a4294f4b

[zx] Magenta -> Zircon

The Great Renaming is here!

Change-Id: I3229bdeb2a3d0e40fb4db6fec8ca7d971fbffb94

[gpt] improve quality of life

- show new partition table before confirmation prompt
- highlight modified fields in new partition table
- add gpt_get_diffs() to library to enable the above
- wait at confirmation prompt until y/n/ESC pressed
- add "adjust" command to move or resize partitions
- add "--live-dangerously" initial option to override
confirmation prompt for those who are very sure

Change-Id: I90e470c44053ee64f283a7ed88dc7e627b08f783

[gpt] Namespace is_.*_guid predicates

Just a library hygiene fix.

Change-Id: I5e27ca90f083ba651d67bce2193e12657c0236a0

[fs] [devmgr] Reformat unmounted partitions

Added a uapp (fixfs) which checks all block devices and
potential mount points (/data, /system, /blobstore), and
upon finding a mount point with a corresponding device
that isn't mounted, gives the option to reformat/mount it.

Currently fixfs will only reformat the first partition
matching a particular mount point. If there are multiple,
additional partitions will be ignored.

Change-Id: Ic27631011d6ad49246ef4ff42b874674cefd9b5f

[ulib][status] Use the MX_OK and MX_ERR_* mx_status_t names

Change-Id: I3ba531de766b559b8922fb4910715c630efc9b82

[uapp][gpt] Make "gpt init" clear existing GPT partition maps

"gpt init" was able to create new gpt partition maps where none
existed before, but was not actually reinitializing existing
partition maps.

Change-Id: Ie2dbabc65d32a8e9076e730f13560648a3b2c2a3

[gpt] Fix memory leaks in gpt_device_init

Change-Id: Iec66a045a571587516b2792a042641007f2e44e5

[ulib][gpt] Actually generate a GUID for the disk

Make good on promises.

Change-Id: I88c377d3fc7325bc2077499bcb0c4a4a5de353a8

[ulib][gpt] Add API to get disk GUID from header

The GPT lib loads this data, but doesn't expose it directly,
until now.

Change-Id: I3e1d8f900efafcf77e2c7bb0cf86290c19c4a912

[gpt] Make GPT tool more usable; update MinFS instructions

- Remove the "Default block device". On real hardware, magically
updating a potentially random device is a recipe for disaster.
- Add operation to ulib/gpt to query usable range of GPT, so user
does not need to calculate size of metadata themselves.
- Add operation to uapp/gpt to initialize empty gpt, so the range of
the GPT may subsequently be queried.
- Improve uapp/gpt usage description to document tool.
- Update uapp/gpt tool to print all block ranges in decimal,
not hex.
- Update uapp/gpt to add partitions by range (start, end), matching
the range presented by the "dump" command.
- Update MinFS instructions to use less "magic" (no assumptions about
underlying block size), and use the new GPT instructions.

Change-Id: Idbb9f6104d0f9b9d8d6efd685686a29a4e4f7e82

[udev][gpt] Returning GUID as uint8_t array, not string

This change relocates the "uint8 to string" utility to the GPT library,
and adds a dependency on the GPT library where previously applications
(devmgr and lsblk) sent ioctls directly to the GPT driver.

This change intentionally copies the "uint8 to string" utility from the
gpt driver to the gpt library -- the copy is not shared, to avoid making
a dependency from a device driver on a larger ulib library.

Change-Id: I6368a8409d5322c1424c2ae1c550744f1b073fff

[userspace] Use PRI?64 macros instead of %ll?

Bug: MG-164

This is the official way to print *int64_t types.

Change-Id: Ib4c7c814a62678650b1691bc1925635235ade217

[lib][cksum] new style build config of shared user/kernel libraries

1. The kernel build globs all includes into one global -I space, but
the user build depends on public includes being relative to the
module source, so the "canonical" source needs to live in the
.../ulib/$module/... space so .../ulib/$module/include/...
contains the public headers:

This is third_party/ulib/cksum for libcksum

2. The kernel version of the module simply needs to reference the
canonical source and contains only a rules.mk, as in:

third_party/lib/cksum

3. If there are public headers, the kernel side rules.mk must
add them to the kernel include space, like the above does:

KERNEL_INCLUDES += $(SRC_DIR)/include

Change-Id: Ia1a5af22844f22e2c027dcaea7e7b7cf35d00ab2

[system] align license and license banners with Fuchsia

This adjusts the Magenta userspace code to match the prevailing
license in Fuchsia (three-clause BSD), using the same banner
and license text.

Change-Id: I6b6d79435c5dbaa32027888874849e4f47aaa7be

[ulib] add gpt manipulation library and utility

Change-Id: I2f9bb765fd26f97e2e88dc239bc2ab43d6e3af00